thiamine and Deficiency, Thiamine studies

thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Hypophosphatemia may be a useful biomarker to identify thiamine deficiency in critically ill enterally-fed patients."	9.41	A multicenter randomized clinical trial of pharmacological vitamin B1 administration to critically ill patients who develop hypophosphatemia during enteral nutrition (The THIAMINE 4 HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA trial). ( Ali Abdelhamid, Y; Bellomo, R; Byrne, KM; Clancy, A; Collie, JT; Deane, AM; Douglas, JS; Fetterplace, K; Finnis, ME; Fujii, T; Greaves, R; Jiang, A; Maiden, MJ; Nichol, A; Plummer, MP; Russo, G; Tascone, B; Udy, AA; Yanase, F; Young, M, 2021)
"The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine if high dose IV thiamine can prevent delirium in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for treatment of cancer."	9.34	Design of a randomized placebo controlled trial of high dose intravenous thiamine for the prevention of delirium in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ( Chien, SA; Deal, AM; Nakamura, ZM; Park, EM; Quillen, LJ; Rosenstein, DL; Shea, TC; Wood, WA, 2020)
" We present the case of a 2-month-old girl with bronchiolitis, right heart failure, and lactic acidosis, who quickly and favorably responded to thiamine supplementation."	9.22	Shoshin beriberi and thiamine-responsive right heart failure: A case report in Mayotte Recognition and management of infant Shoshin beriberi. ( Blondé, R; Nguyen, J; Tanné, C, 2022)
"Diuretic treatment for heart failure may lead to an increased urinary thiamine excretion and in long-term thiamine deficiency, which may further compromise cardiac function."	9.16	Thiamine supplementation in symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study. ( der Maur, CA; Erne, P; Schoenenberger, AW; Schoenenberger-Berzins, R; Suter, PM; Vergopoulos, A, 2012)
"During weight loss, erythrocyte thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) decreased (221±52 to 195±39 nmol/L, P<0."	9.16	Increased thiamine intake may be required to maintain thiamine status during weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes. ( Brinkworth, GD; Cleanthous, X; Clifton, PM; Keogh, JB; Noakes, M; Wycherley, TP, 2012)
"Thiamine deficiency has been typically associated with alcoholism or as a prevalent problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) whose populations rely on staple foods with a low content of thiamine."	9.12	Thiamine deficiency unrelated to alcohol consumption in high-income countries: a literature review. ( Bergeron, G; Bourassa, MW; Fischer, PR; Gomes, F, 2021)
"Often thought to be a nutritional issue limited to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pediatric thiamine deficiency (PTD) is perceived as being eradicated or anecdotal in high-income countries (HICs)."	9.12	Pediatric thiamine deficiency disorders in high-income countries between 2000 and 2020: a clinical reappraisal. ( Gomes, F; Hiffler, L; Rakotoambinina, B, 2021)
" Dialysis patients are at risk for thiamine deficiency, which may mimic many uremic complications, including encephalopathy."	9.09	Thiamine deficiency and unexplained encephalopathy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. ( Chen, TW; Huang, TP; Hung, SC; Hung, SH; Tarng, DC; Yang, WC, 2001)
"We have previously found thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) who had received long-term furosemide therapy."	9.08	Improved left ventricular function after thiamine supplementation in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy. ( Almog, S; Ezra, D; Halkin, H; Motro, M; Peleg, E; Rosenthal, T; Seligmann, H; Shefi, M; Shimon, I; Vered, Z, 1995)
"The significance of subclinical thiamine deficiency in the elderly was determined by assessing response to thiamine supplementation in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial."	9.08	The response to treatment of subclinical thiamine deficiency in the elderly. ( Elmslie, J; George, PM; Hanger, HC; Sainsbury, R; Wilkinson, TJ, 1997)
" Furthermore, we suggest thiamine, which is frequently depleted in AUD, to be a key modulator in this process: Thiamine deficiency impairs the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, thereby enabling iron to pass through and accumulate in the brain."	9.05	Does thiamine protect the brain from iron overload and alcohol-related dementia? ( Hametner, S; König, D; Listabarth, S; Vyssoki, B, 2020)
" Studies investigating the prevalence of thiamine deficiency among patients with CVDs and the effect of thiamine supplementation on their conditions were summarized."	8.98	Thiamine deficiency and cardiovascular disorders. ( Arafa, AE; Eshak, ES, 2018)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff psychosis (KP), together termed Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS), are distinct yet overlapping neuropsychiatric disorders associated with thiamine deficiency."	8.98	Review of thiamine deficiency disorders: Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff psychosis. ( 't Jong, GW; Bhardwaj, A; Chandrakumar, A, 2018)
" Most studies assessing body thiamine status have reported variable degrees of thiamine deficiency in patients with heart failure, particularly those treated chronically with high doses of furosemide."	8.93	Does Long-Term Furosemide Therapy Cause Thiamine Deficiency in Patients with Heart Failure? A Focused Review. ( Alpert, MA; Balla, S; Katta, N, 2016)
"The earliest and perhaps best example of an interaction between nutrition and dementia is related to thiamine (vitamin B1)."	8.93	Vitamin B1 (thiamine) and dementia. ( Cirio, RT; Elder, J; Fonzetti, P; Gibson, GE; Hirsch, JA; Jordan, BD, 2016)
" HF is a known manifestation of thiamine deficiency (TD)."	8.91	Determining the Role of Thiamine Deficiency in Systolic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. ( Al-Ani, M; Hill, JA; Jain, A; Mehta, R; Winchester, DE, 2015)
"Emerging evidence suggests that thiamine deficiency (TD), the cause of Wernicke's encephalopathy, produces alterations in brain function and structural damage that closely model a number of maladies in which neurodegeneration is a characteristic feature, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, along with alcoholic brain disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury."	8.87	Modeling neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology in thiamine deficiency: consequences of impaired oxidative metabolism. ( Hazell, AS; Jhala, SS, 2011)
"Thiamine deficiency has been specifically linked to the development of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WK)--a degenerative brain disorder that is typically associated with alcoholic drinking."	8.83	A theoretical argument for inherited thiamine insensitivity as one possible biological cause of familial alcoholism. ( Manzardo, AM; Penick, EC, 2006)
"Ocular motor and vestibular manifestations of Wernicke's thiamine deficiency (WTD) are frequent and heterogeneous."	8.31	Generalized vestibular hyporeflexia and chronic upbeat nystagmus due to thiamine deficiency. ( Kattah, JC; Steenerson, KK; Zhu, W, 2023)
"The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg on the development of unfavourable changes in cognitive processes in a pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) model of the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) in rats."	8.31	Protocatechuic Acid Prevents Some of the Memory-Related Behavioural and Neurotransmitter Changes in a Pyrithiamine-Induced Thiamine Deficiency Model of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome in Rats. ( Blecharz-Klin, K; Joniec-Maciejak, I; Krzysztoforska, K; Krzysztoforski, J; Piechal, A; Pyrzanowska, J; Widy-Tyszkiewicz, E; Wojnar, E, 2023)
"Thiamine deficiency, commonly presenting as dry and wet beriberi, a lesser-known entity in the present era, is increasingly being reported from Kashmir, a north Indian state."	8.31	Thiamine responsive high output heart failure of adults: an under-recognized entity. ( Andrabi, SMA; Ganie, MA; Kareem, O; Mohi-U-Din, K; Muzaffer, U; Nisar, S; Tak, SI; Tanvir, M, 2023)
"To compare the prevalence of delirium among ICU patients who received thiamine with those who did not and to compare morbidity and mortality."	8.31	Thiamine Administration and the Prevalence of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Before and After Interventional Study. ( Dana, E; Dichtwald, S; Fredman, B; Ifrach, N; Varbarbut, N; Zohar, E, 2023)
" Deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1) can result in metabolic crisis and lactic acidosis."	8.31	Lactic Acidosis Due to Thiamine Deficiency in a Preterm Infant Associated with Inadequate Parenteral Nutrition. ( Hasan, SA; Shajira, ES, 2023)
"A high prevalence of thiamine deficiency occurs in pregnant women of Kashmir."	8.31	Prevalence of Thiamine Deficiency in Pregnancy and its impact on fetal outcome in an area endemic for thiamine deficiency. ( Ali, N; Bader, GN; Kareem, O; Mufti, S; Muzaffer, U; Nisar, S; Sheikh, IA; Tanvir, M, 2023)
"Acute thiamine deficiency can occur in patients with or without history of alcohol abuse and can lead to life-threatening complications."	8.12	Clinical diagnosis, outcomes and treatment of thiamine deficiency in a tertiary hospital. ( Balanant, NA; Carette, C; Czernichow, S; Flamarion, E; Jannot, AS; Lucas-Martini, L; Messager, D; Mifsud, F; Poghosyan, T; Rives-Lange, C; Védie, B, 2022)
" We herein report a case of cardiac dysfunction due to thiamine deficiency after hemodialysis in a patient with suspected biguanide-related lactic acidosis."	8.12	Cardiac Dysfunction Due to Thiamine Deficiency after Hemodialysis for Biguanide-related Lactic Acidosis. ( Jimura, F; Kachi, N; Tamaki, H; Tsushima, H, 2022)
"To determine the prevalence and time course of thiamine deficiency (TD) in PICU patients."	8.12	Prevalence and Time Course of Thiamine Deficiency in Critically Ill Children: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study in Turkey. ( Akkuzu, E; Bayrakci, B; Kalkan, G; Kendirli, T; Ozcan, S; Pasaoglu, H; Sincar, S; Yavuz, S, 2022)
"Gastric beriberi is a rare presentation of TD that can lead to severe GI symptoms and lactic acidosis."	8.12	Clinical profile of patients presenting with thiamine-responsive upper-gastrointestinal upset: A pointer toward gastric beriberi. ( Ganie, MA; Kareem, O; Muzaffer, U; Nisar, S; Tanvir, M; Wani, IA, 2022)
"At present, thiamine deficiency (TD) is managed with administration of high doses of thiamine."	8.02	Thiamine deficiency and recovery: impact of recurrent episodes and beneficial effect of treatment with Trolox and dimethyl sulfoxide. ( da Silva Aguiar, HQ; de Araújo, SS; de Cordova, CAS; de Cordova, FM; Gomes, KC; Lima, FWB, 2021)
"Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) causing right heart failure can occur due to thiamine deficiency in exclusively breastfeeding infants."	8.02	Thiamine-responsive acute severe pulmonary hypertension in exclusively breastfeeding infants: a prospective observational study. ( A P, B; Gangadhara, M; Ghosh, S; Kumar, RK; M, J; Managuli, A; Manjunath, CN; Sastry, UMK; Subramanian, A, 2021)
"Despite the fact that both thiamine deficiency (TD) and Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) have been observed to some degree in cancer patients, such cases of TD and/or WE reported to date have all been diagnosed after the initiation of treatment."	8.02	Subclinical thiamine deficiency identified by pretreatment evaluation in an esophageal cancer patient. ( Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Yoshioka, A, 2021)
"In this article, we report the different presentations of thiamine deficiency disorders seen at a remote rural mission hospital in Northeast India, including investigations, treatment, and recovery."	8.02	The rediscovery of thiamine deficiency disorders at a secondary level mission hospital in Northeast India. ( Ismavel, VA; Koshy, RM; Solomi, CV; Thankaraj, S, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is frequently suspected and treated at our hospital."	8.02	Infantile thiamine deficiency: Redefining the clinical patterns. ( Ahmad, K; Akram, M; Bashir, A; Bhat, AS; Qureshi, U; Qureshi, UA; Wani, NA, 2021)
"Thiamine Responsive Acute Pulmonary Hypertension (TRAPH) Syndrome is an under-recognised entity which should be included in differentials for acute right ventricular dysfunction in the ED."	8.02	The conundrum of Thiamine Responsive Acute Pulmonary Hypertension (TRAPH) syndrome in the Emergency Department. ( Balakrishnan, JM; Bhat, R; Ravindra, P; Tirlangi, PK, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) has a number of features in common with the neurodegenerative diseases development and close relationship between TD and oxidative stress (OS) has been repeatedly reported in the literature."	8.02	Thiamine deficiency in rats affects thiamine metabolism possibly through the formation of oxidized thiamine pyrophosphate. ( Bettendorff, L; Chehivska, L; Parkhomenko, Y; Pavlova, O; Sambon, M; Stepanenko, S, 2021)
" Administration of fursultiamine dramatically improved the symptoms and subsequently caused pulmonary edema."	7.96	Thiamine Deficiency in a Nondrinker and Secondary Pulmonary Edema after Thiamine Replenishment. ( Horita, T; Ishida, Y; Nakamura, H; Utsunomiya, A, 2020)
" However, numerous studies from the Baltic Sea have demonstrated an ongoing thiamine deficiency in several animal classes, both invertebrates and vertebrates."	7.96	Severe thiamine deficiency in eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua). ( Balk, L; Collier, TK; Engelhardt, J; Frisell, O; Gustavsson, H; Hansson, T; Sjöberg, R, 2020)
"Gastrointestinal cancer and its treatment using fluorouracil-based anticancer agents are risk factors for thiamine deficiency (TD)."	7.96	Potential thiamine deficiency in elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy . ( Iimura, Y; Kuroda, S; Momo, K; Yasu, T, 2020)
" During the hospitalization other comploication of low thiamine appeared such as wet beriberi."	7.96	Wernicke's encephalopathy, refeeding syndrome and wet beriberi after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: the importance of thiamine evaluation. ( Bugiardini, E; Colombo, C; Dadone, V; De Toni Franceschini, L; Iaccarino, L; Pacei, F, 2020)
"Thiamine deficiency can cause encephalopathy (Wernicke) and lactic acidosis."	7.96	Wernicke Encephalopathy and Lactic Acidosis in Thiamine Deficiency. ( Besci, T; Evren, G; Köroðlu, TF, 2020)
"The symptoms of thiamine deficiency vary considerably and asymptomatic cases; i."	7.96	Subclinical thiamine deficiency: What is the most appropriate method of diagnosis and treatment? ( Ishida, M; Itami, K; Kurosaki, A; Onishi, H; Sato, M; Tamura, S; Uchida, N, 2020)
"Although thiamine deficiency (TD) and Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) are not rare in cancer patients, the cases reported to date developed TD and/or WE after treatment had started."	7.91	Subclinical thiamine deficiency identified by preoperative evaluation in an ovarian cancer patient: Diagnosis and the need for preoperative thiamine measurement. ( Akechi, T; Fujiwara, K; Hasegawa, K; Ishida, M; Nishikawa, T; Onishi, H; Shintani, D; Uchida, N, 2019)
"Alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD) is associated with neurotoxic effects of heavy alcohol use and nutritional deficiency, in particular thiamine deficiency (TD), both of which induce inflammatory responses in brain."	7.91	A Pivotal Role for Thiamine Deficiency in the Expression of Neuroinflammation Markers in Models of Alcohol-Related Brain Damage. ( Deak, T; Savage, LM; Toledo Nunes, P; Vedder, LC, 2019)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is recognized in various kinds of disease with associated loss of appetite including cancer; however, TD has not been recognized in the family caregivers of cancer patients to date."	7.91	Thiamine deficiency observed in a cancer patient's caregiver. ( Akechi, T; Ebihara, Y; Furuya, D; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Takahashi, T; Uchida, N, 2019)
"Background Thiamine deficiency is commonly reported in patients with diabetes especially during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) that could attribute to myocardial dysfunction in those patients."	7.91	Myocardial dysfunction in relation to serum thiamine levels in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Abu Farag, IM; Elhady, M; Ibrahim, RS; Mohamed, RA, 2019)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is recognized in various kinds of disease with associated loss of appetite including cancer."	7.91	Thiamine deficiency in the bereaved after cancer-related spousal loss. ( Ebihara, Y; Furuya, D; Ishida, M; Ito, H; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Takahashi, T; Uchida, N, 2019)
"In this case report, we present a preterm newborn with persistent lactic acidosis who received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) that lacked thiamine."	7.88	Severe lactic acidosis in an extremely low birth weight infant due to thiamine deficiency. ( Alp Unkar, Z; Bilgen, H; Kiykim, E; Memisoglu, A; Ozdemir, H; Ozek, E, 2018)
" We conducted an investigation to identify the etiology of the outbreak on the most severely affected atoll, Kuria, and identified thiamine deficiency disease as the cause."	7.88	Re-emergence of thiamine deficiency disease in the Pacific islands (2014-15): A case-control study. ( Cangiano, A; George, P; Huppatz, C; Manaia, A; Nilles, EJ; Reiffer, A; Ruaia, B; Sejvar, J; Sies, C; Tira, T; Ward, C, 2018)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterised by a triad of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness."	7.88	Thiamine Responsive Megaloblastic Anaemia, Diabetes Mellitus and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in a Child. ( Altaf, C; Fatima, S; Khadim, MT; Khurshid, A; Malik, HS; Sajjad, Z, 2018)
"Despite some reports of high prevalence of thiamine deficiency in elderly people, the reported prevalence is controversial mainly due to the methods used in assessing thiamin concentrations."	7.88	Prevalence of thiamine deficiency in older hospitalized patients. ( Angersbach, B; Biesalski, HK; Klimek, C; Lueg, G; Pourhassan, M; Wirth, R, 2018)
" Arrhythmia in thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome."	7.88	Arrhythmia in thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome. ( Akın, L; Argun, M; Baykan, A; Hatipoğlu, N; Kurtoğlu, S; Narin, N; Şahin, Y, 2018)
"The effects of chronic EtOH consumption, associated or not with thiamine deficiency (TD), on cognitive impairment, oxidative damage, and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide accumulation in the brain were investigated in male C57BL/6 mice."	7.85	Comparative effects of EtOH consumption and thiamine deficiency on cognitive impairment, oxidative damage, and β-amyloid peptide overproduction in the brain. ( Gao, YQ; Gong, YS; Guo, J; Hou, FL; Hu, K; Liang, CY; Song, FL; Yang, LQ, 2017)
" Here we describe a case of lactic acidosis in the setting of thiamine deficiency thought to be secondary to advanced lung cancer."	7.85	Consideration of alternative causes of lactic acidosis: Thiamine deficiency in malignancy. ( Dean, RK; Gill, D; Nat, A; Subedi, R, 2017)
"Objectives The objective of this study was to determine disease progression, association between neurological signs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and long-term outcome in feline thiamine deficiency associated with defective dry food."	7.85	Outbreak of thiamine deficiency in cats associated with the feeding of defective dry food. ( Chang, YP; Chiu, PY; Lin, CT; Liu, CH; Liu, IH, 2017)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is increasingly recognized in medically ill patients."	7.85	High rate of thiamine deficiency among inpatients with cancer referred for psychiatric consultation: results of a single site prevalence study. ( Alici, Y; Breitbart, W; Isenberg-Grzeda, E; Nelson, C; Shen, MJ; Wills, J, 2017)
" We herein present a case of biguanide-associated severe lactic acidosis complicated with thiamine deficiency that was provoked without predisposing factors for thiamine deficiency."	7.85	The Dramatic Recovery of a Patient with Biguanide-associated Severe Lactic Acidosis Following Thiamine Supplementation. ( Fujita, M; Godo, S; Kudo, D; Kushimoto, S; Nomura, R; Shimokawa, H; Yoshida, Y, 2017)
"Acute life threatening metabolic acidosis in exclusively breast fed infants due to thiamine deficiency is not described."	7.83	Thiamine responsive acute life threatening metabolic acidosis in exclusively breast-fed infants. ( Ahmad, K; Ali, I; Altaf, U; Iqbal, J; Mir, Z; Qureshi, UA; Sami, A; Wani, NA, 2016)
" Brain lesions were likely the result of thiamine deficiency (Chastek paralysis), which can be associated with both malnutrition and liver disease."	7.83	Polioencephalomalacia and Heart Failure Secondary to Presumptive Thiamine Deficiency, Hepatic Lipidosis, and Starvation in 2 Abandoned Siamese Cats. ( Anholt, H; Britton, A; Himsworth, C, 2016)
"The prevalence of thiamine deficiency in heart failure (HF) patients has been reported to be as high as 50% in outpatient settings and has been found to be as high as 96% in the inpatient setting."	7.83	Prevalence of thiamine deficiency in a stable heart failure outpatient cohort on standard loop diuretic therapy. ( Miller, WL; Teigen, LM; Twernbold, DD, 2016)
"The 3 cases demonstrated the rapidity of the reversal of severe thiamine deficiency, achieved by appropriate replacement in different hospitalized patients."	7.81	Rapid reversal of severe lactic acidosis after thiamine administration in critically ill adults: a report of 3 cases. ( Abramo, A; Forfori, F; Giacalone, M; Giunta, F; Iacconi, P; Martinelli, R; Pavoni, V; Rubino, A, 2015)
"Thiamine deficiency has been documented in adults with diabetes and in a single report of reversible encephalopathy in a child with diabetic ketoacidosis."	7.81	Low thiamine levels in children with type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis: a pilot study. ( Clark, JA; Lieh-Lai, M; Rosner, EA; Strezlecki, KD, 2015)
"Thiamine deficiency is common in tachypnoeic Cambodian infants, but routine clinical assessments do not accurately identify those with low blood TDP concentrations."	7.81	Thiamine deficiency in tachypnoeic Cambodian infants. ( Cheryk, LA; Daly, L; Enders, F; Fischer, PR; Kea, S; Keating, EM; Kumar, V; Kuong, S; Nget, P; Phearom, S; Topazian, M, 2015)
"Thiamine functions as an important cofactor in aerobic metabolism and thiamine deficiency can contribute to lactic acidosis."	7.80	The relationship between lactate and thiamine levels in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Berg, K; Donnino, MW; Gautam, S; Giberson, T; Graver, A; Liu, X; Moskowitz, A; Uber, A, 2014)
"Thiamine deficiency is recognized in varied parts of the world."	7.80	[Thiamine deficiency in infants: a case report]. ( Acar, P; Alcouffe, F; Cascarigny, F; Charpentier, S; Cinq-Frais, C; Dulac, Y; Gangloff, C; Moulin, P; Periquet, B; Peyre, M; Seguela, PE, 2014)
"This patient illustrates that eating disorders can be an uncommon cause of rapidly progressive paresthesias, weakness, and neurological decline due to thiamine deficiency."	7.80	Thiamine deficiency secondary to anorexia nervosa: an uncommon cause of peripheral neuropathy and Wernicke encephalopathy in adolescence. ( Evans, PA; Marin-Valencia, I; Renthal, W, 2014)
"A previous study on fatigue and related disorders in inflammatory bowel disease, patients improved after therapy with high-dose thiamine."	7.80	High-dose thiamine improves fatigue after stroke: a report of three cases. ( Careddu, P; Catalano, ML; Costantini, A; Notarangelo, C; Pala, MI, 2014)
"Wernicke encephalopathy is rare in children and is caused by thiamine deficiency."	7.80	Wernicke encephalopathy due to thiamine deficiency after surgery on a child with duodenal stenosis. ( Akkuş, PZ; Arslan, EA; Ekinci, S; Göçmen, R; Haliloğlu, G, 2014)
"The present investigation evaluates the changes in the levels of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonyl content (PCC) in brain mitochondria following thiamine deficiency (TD)."	7.79	Thiamine deficiency induces oxidative stress in brain mitochondria of Mus musculus. ( Bist, R; Bubber, P; Sharma, A, 2013)
" Some observations indicate that all symptoms of FRDA ataxia could be the manifestation of a thiamine deficiency because of enzymatic abnormalities."	7.79	High-dose thiamine improves the symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia. ( Costantini, A; D'Agostino, S; Giorgi, R; Pala, MI, 2013)
" Both cats were diagnosed with thiamine deficiency."	7.79	Clinical signs, MRI features, and outcomes of two cats with thiamine deficiency secondary to diet change. ( Kang, MH; Moon, SJ; Park, HM, 2013)
"Results of analyses in this study confirmed a diagnosis of thiamine deficiency for affected seals resulting from high thiaminase activity in dietary fish, inadequate vitamin administration, and increased thiamine demand caused by pregnancy and lactation."	7.79	Clinical evaluation and biochemical analyses of thiamine deficiency in Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) maintained at a zoological facility. ( Croft, L; Gearhart, S; Giulivi, C; Heym, K; Hung, CK; Lin, A; Napoli, E; Puschner, B; Sakaguchi, D; St Leger, J; Wong, S, 2013)
" Pair-feeding treatments controlled malnutrition related to thiamine deficiency; (vi) prenatal pair-fed (PF) dams; (vii) perinatal PF dams; (viii) postnatal PF dams and included also the control of alcohol consummation: (ix) PF saccharose dams."	7.79	Perinatal thiamine deficiency-induced spontaneous abortion and pup-killing responses in rat dams. ( Bâ, A, 2013)
"The aim of this report is to call attention to a poorly recognised cause of pulmonary hypertension, thiamine deficiency."	7.79	Thiamine-responsive pulmonary hypertension. ( Asakura, T; Ikeda, M; Kanda, J; Kodera, S, 2013)
"To demonstrate that fatigue and other disorders related to ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the manifestation of an intracellular mild thiamine deficiency and not due to malabsorbtion, augmented requirements, or nutritional factors, and that this dysfunction is curable with high doses of thiamine administered orally or parenterally."	7.79	Thiamine and fatigue in inflammatory bowel diseases: an open-label pilot study. ( Costantini, A; Pala, MI, 2013)
"Blood thiamine, mammillary bodies, fiber bundle fractional anisotropy and volume of major fiber tracts were quantified from acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure patients and compared with healthy controls."	7.78	Thiamine deficiency related microstructural brain changes in acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure of non-alcoholic etiology. ( Gupta, RK; Rangan, M; Rathore, RK; Saraswat, VA; Srivastava, A; Trivedi, R; Yachha, SK; Yadav, A; Yadav, SK, 2012)
" This case report was the first published study to identify acute thiamine deficiency with cardiopathy and metabolic acidosis occurring in adult patients receiving vitamin-free PN."	7.78	Case report of acute thiamine deficiency occurring as a complication of vitamin-free parenteral nutrition. ( Ferrie, S, 2012)
"In a case-control study, thiamine diphosphate (TDP) blood concentrations were measured in 27 infants diagnosed with beriberi at a rural clinic, as well as their mothers and healthy Cambodian and American controls."	7.78	Thiamine deficiency in Cambodian infants with and without beriberi. ( Begley, TP; Coats, D; Cooper, LE; Enders, F; Fischer, PR; Khun, V; Moyer, TP; Ou, K; Prou, C; Seab, S; Shelton-Dodge, K; Sok, K; Topazian, M; Tortorelli, S, 2012)
"The results suggest differential actions of alcohol and thiamine deficiency on cellular genesis in the rat retina."	7.78	Paradoxical effects of alcohol and thiamine deficiency on the eye opening in rat pups. ( Bâ, A, 2012)
"This study explored the effect of thiamine deficiency during early infancy on the development of syntax and lexical retrieval."	7.77	The crucial role of thiamine in the development of syntax and lexical retrieval: a study of infantile thiamine deficiency. ( Fattal, I; Fattal-Valevski, A; Friedmann, N, 2011)
"We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with thiamine deficiency who showed auditory hallucinations, a delusion of persecution, catatonic stupor, and catalepsy but no neurological symptoms including oculomotor or gait disturbance."	7.76	[A case of thiamine deficiency with psychotic symptoms--blood concentration of thiamine and response to therapy]. ( Atsuta, H; Ishikawa, H; Kurumaji, A; Nishikawa, T; Oshima, K; Sasaki, T; Takeuchi, T; Yamamoto, N; Yoshiike, T; Yukizane, T, 2010)
"The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of absolute thiamine deficiency (TD) in critically ill patients with sepsis and to examine the association between thiamine levels and lactic acidosis."	7.76	Thiamine deficiency in critically ill patients with sepsis. ( Barbash, I; Carney, E; Chase, M; Chou, PP; Cocchi, MN; Donnino, MW; Joyce, N; Ngo, L, 2010)
"Thiamine (vitamin B(1)) is an essential component of a number of metabolic pathways and thiamine deficiency results in a progressive encephalopathy in both humans and animals."	7.76	Thiamine deficiency in a cat: resolution of MRI abnormalities following thiamine supplementation. ( Cherubini, GB; Jakovljevic, S; Palus, V; Penderis, J, 2010)
" Chronic alcoholism is usually associated with thiamine deficiency (TD) which is known to induce selective neurodegeneration in the brain."	7.75	Ethanol promotes thiamine deficiency-induced neuronal death: involvement of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase. ( Fan, Z; Ke, ZJ; Luo, J; Wang, X, 2009)
"To report the follow-up findings of 7 children with severe epilepsy as a result of thiamine deficiency in infancy caused by a defective soy-based formula."	7.75	Epilepsy in children with infantile thiamine deficiency. ( Bloch-Mimouni, A; Brezner, A; Fattal-Valevski, A; Goldberg-Stern, H; Heyman, E; Inbar, D; Kivity, S; Kramer, U; Strausberg, R, 2009)
"Diet-related thiamine deficiency increases the acute mortality, known as early mortality syndrome, of salmonines from some of the Great Lakes."	7.75	Influence of thiamine deficiency on lake trout larval growth, foraging, and predator avoidance. ( Brown, LR; Brown, SB; Fitzsimons, JD; Honeyfield, DC; Moore, K; Tillitt, DE; Williston, B; Williston, G, 2009)
" The condition was diagnosed as beriberi and Korsakov's syndrome, on the basis of thiamine deficiency."	7.74	[Thiamine deficiency caused by malnutrition: a rare cause?]. ( Hoek, HW; Jong Baw, PG; van Veen, MM, 2008)
"It has been proposed that thiamine deficiency after gastric bypass surgery in obese patients results from prolonged nausea and emesis."	7.74	Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and thiamine deficiency after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in obese patients. ( Alexander, K; Finelli, FC; Kirkpatrick, JR; Koch, TR; Lakhani, SV; Shah, HN, 2008)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is characterized by lesions in thalamus, hypothalamus (including mammillary nuclei), and inferior colliculi, results in serious disabilities, has an etiology of thiamine deficiency, is treatable with thiamine, and occurs most commonly with alcoholism."	7.74	Development and resolution of brain lesions caused by pyrithiamine- and dietary-induced thiamine deficiency and alcohol exposure in the alcohol-preferring rat: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. ( Adalsteinsson, E; Bell, RL; Pfefferbaum, A; Sullivan, EV, 2007)
" Thiamine deficiency can cause reversible pulmonary hypertension, and it must be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with high risk of nutritional deficiency."	7.74	Thiamine deficiency as a rare cause of reversible severe pulmonary hypertension. ( Choi, SW; Jeong, JO; Lee, JH; Park, JH; Seong, IW, 2007)
"Recent evidence suggests that alterations in oxidative metabolism induced by thiamine deficiency lead to neuronal cell death."	7.74	Thiamine deficiency caused by thiamine antagonists triggers upregulation of apoptosis inducing factor gene expression and leads to caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in neuronally differentiated rat PC-12 cells. ( Chorna, N; Chornyy, S; Parkhomenko, J, 2007)
"Neuropathy with non-alcoholic thiamine deficiency is reported in the literature, but bladder disorders are rarely detailed."	7.73	[Neuropathy with non-alcoholic thiamine deficiency: two cases of bladder disorders]. ( Mazevet, D; Perrigot, M; Vassilev, K, 2005)
" All were assessed with the erythrocyte transketolase activity assay, wherein the extent of thiamine deficiency is expressed in percentage stimulation compared with baseline (thiamine pyrophosphate effect [TPPE])."	7.73	Outbreak of life-threatening thiamine deficiency in infants in Israel caused by a defective soy-based formula. ( Eshel, G; Fattal-Valevski, A; Globus, O; Hoffmann, C; Kesler, A; Mesterman, R; Nitzan-Kaluski, D; Rotstein, M; Sela, BA; Stolovitch, C; Toledano-Alhadef, H, 2005)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome (TRMA) is the association of diabetes mellitus, anaemia and deafness, due to mutations in SLC19A2, encoding a thiamine transporter protein."	7.73	Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome: long-term follow-up and mutation analysis of seven families. ( Ariyawansa, I; Barrett, TG; Lo, IF; Minton, JA; Ricketts, CJ; Samuel, J; Wales, JK, 2006)
"Tenderness in the limb muscles has been reported anecdotally in patients with beriberi neuropathy, but clinical effects of thiamine deficiency on skeletal muscle have received little attention."	7.73	Myopathy in thiamine deficiency: analysis of a case. ( Hattori, N; Iijima, M; Inukai, A; Koike, H; Mori, K; Sobue, G; Watanabe, H, 2006)
" We present a case of thiamine deficiency-induced coma associated with acute necrosis of fornices documented on CT and review cardinal neuroimaging features of Wernicke encephalopathy."	7.73	Computed tomography findings in thiamine deficiency-induced coma. ( St Louis, EK; Swenson, AJ, 2006)
"Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by abnormalities in oxidative processes, region-selective neuron loss, and diminished thiamine-dependent enzymes."	7.72	Reversal of thiamine deficiency-induced neurodegeneration. ( DeGiorgio, LA; Gibson, GE; Ke, ZJ; Volpe, BT, 2003)
"Pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (TD) is a well-established model of Wernicke's encephalopathy in which a glutamate-mediated excitotoxic mechanism may play an important role in determining selective vulnerability."	7.72	Thiamine deficiency results in downregulation of the GLAST glutamate transporter in cultured astrocytes. ( Hazell, AS; Pannunzio, P; Pow, DV; Rama Rao, KV; Rambaldi, A, 2003)
"Selective vulnerability to thiamine deficiency is known to occur between individuals and within different tissues."	7.72	Gene-environment interactions in wet beriberi: effects of thiamine depletion in CD36-defect rats. ( Kintaka, T; Kitaura, Y; Kono, T; Mishima, T; Sohmiya, K; Tanaka, T; Terasaki, F, 2003)
" A rodent model of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS), acute pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD), produces diencephalic damage and impairments of memory similar to what is seen in WKS patients."	7.72	Age-related vulnerability to diencephalic amnesia produced by thiamine deficiency: the role of time of insult. ( Pitkin, SR; Savage, LM, 2004)
" Thiamine deficiency was documented by a high thiamine pyrophosphate effect."	7.72	Reversal of refractory congestive heart failure after thiamine supplementation: report of a case and review of literature. ( Mendoza, CE; Rodriguez, F; Rosenberg, DG, 2003)
"Acute thiamine deficiency, an uncommon cause of hemodynamic instability in Western countries, may be manifested by acute heart failure and neurological deficits."	7.72	Fatal metabolic acidosis caused by thiamine deficiency. ( Gurman, GM; Klein, M; Weksler, N, 2004)
"Imaging studies indicate that cerebral edema is an important consequence of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), a disorder caused by thiamine deficiency (TD)."	7.72	Primary cultures of rat astrocytes respond to thiamine deficiency-induced swelling by downregulating aquaporin-4 levels. ( Butterworth, RF; Chan, H; Hazell, AS, 2004)
"We report the case of a male patient with severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure caused by thiamine deficiency."	7.71	Severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure due to thiamine deficiency. ( Arisawa, H; Fukuuchi, F; Handa, S; Homma, Y; Ozawa, H, 2001)
"To determine the clinicopathologic features and pathogenesis of alcoholic polyneuropathy associated with pain in patients with normal thiamine status, particularly in comparison to beriberi neuropathy."	7.71	Painful alcoholic polyneuropathy with predominant small-fiber loss and normal thiamine status. ( Hattori, N; Hirayama, M; Ito, H; Koike, H; Misu, K; Mori, K; Sobue, G, 2001)
"We produced thiamine deficiency by treating mice with a thiamine deficient (TD) diet, but not with pyrithiamine, a thiamine antagonist."	7.71	Antinociceptive effect following dietary-induced thiamine deficiency in mice: involvement of substance P and somatostatin. ( Arai, Y; Asao, T; Hozumi, S; Kinemuchi, H; Kisara, K; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Tadano, T; Tan-No, K; Taniguchi, R; Yasuhara, H, 2001)
" Although thiamine deficiency is a possible cause of this neuropathy, the pathogenesis still remains to be clarified."	7.71	Postgastrectomy polyneuropathy with thiamine deficiency. ( Hattori, N; Hirayama, M; Ichimura, M; Ito, H; Ito, S; Koike, H; Misu, K; Nagamatsu, M; Sasaki, I; Sobue, G, 2001)
" Thiamine supplementation during pregnancy was based on patient symptoms."	7.71	Postpartum thiamine deficiency in a Karen displaced population. ( Böhm, V; Changbumrung, S; Cho, T; Dubowitz, L; McGready, R; Munger, RG; Nosten, F; Sauberlich, HE; Simpson, JA; White, NJ, 2001)
"Thiamine deficiency is a common feature in chronic alcoholic patients, and its pathophysiology remains poorly understood."	7.71	Thiamine deficiency in hepatitis C virus and alcohol-related liver diseases. ( Delacoux, E; Erlinger, S; Hervé, C; Lévy, S, 2002)
"Lactic acidosis and thiamine deficiency were confirmed."	7.70	Lactic acidosis caused by thiamine deficiency in a pregnant alcoholic patient. ( Mukunda, BN, 1999)
"To determine if circadian clock function is affected by thiamine deficiency, the rhythm of locomotor (wheel-running) activity was measured in a murine model of dietary thiamine deficiency."	7.70	Altered circadian rhythmicity is an early sign of murine dietary thiamine deficiency. ( Bennett, MR; Schwartz, WJ, 1999)
"We studied two siblings with a mitochondrial myopathy, familial thiamine deficiency, and an A3243G mutation of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)."	7.70	Mitochondrial myopathy and familial thiamine deficiency. ( Higuchi, I; Naito, E; Nakagawa, M; Oizumi, K; Osame, M; Sato, Y, 2000)
"To determine the prevalence of plasma thiamine deficiency in patients referred to a memory disorder clinic and to compare plasma thiamine levels with red blood cell (RBC) thiamine levels."	7.69	Plasma and red blood cell thiamine deficiency in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type. ( Chen, MF; Gold, M; Johnson, K, 1995)
"A 57-year-old woman with Crow-Fukase syndrome presented thiamine deficiency and pulmonary hypertension of unknown etiology."	7.69	Thiamine deficiency and pulmonary hypertension in Crow-Fukase syndrome. ( Gohma, I; Hatta, K; Imanaka, T; Okura, H, 1995)
"Culture of neuroblastoma cells in a medium of low-thiamine concentration (6 nM) and in the presence of the transport inhibitor amprolium leads to the appearance of overt signs of necrosis; i."	7.69	Thiamine deficiency--induced partial necrosis and mitochondrial uncoupling in neuroblastoma cells are rapidly reversed by addition of thiamine. ( Bettendorff, L; Goessens, G; Grisar, T; Sluse, F; Wins, P, 1995)
"In two patients admitted to a geriatric ward cardiac failure was based on a thiamine deficiency (wet beri-beri)."	7.69	[Failure in self care and heart failure, thiamine deficiency in geriatric patients]. ( Bruijns, E; Jellesma-Eggenkamp, MJ; te Water, W, 1996)
"Mucosal biopsy specimens obtained by routine endoscopy from 108 human subjects, including one patient with thiamine deficiency, were incubated at 37 degrees C in oxygenated calcium-free Krebs-Ringer solution (pH 7."	7.69	Thiamine uptake in human intestinal biopsy specimens, including observations from a patient with acute thiamine deficiency. ( Alvisi, C; Faelli, A; Laforenza, U; Licandro, A; Patrini, C; Rindi, G, 1997)
"Rat heart cells in culture were found to be a unique model for studying biochemical and pharmacological aspects of thiamine deficiency."	7.69	Thiamine deficiency in cardiac cells in culture. ( Shainberg, A; Zangen, A, 1997)
"The current study measured extracellular fluid (ECF) levels of excitatory amino acids before and during the onset of thiamine deficiency-induced pathologic lesions."	7.68	Extracellular glutamate is increased in thalamus during thiamine deficiency-induced lesions and is blocked by MK-801. ( Langlais, PJ; Zhang, SX, 1993)
"This study compared the thiamine status of 37 elderly patients admitted with cardiac failure (CF) with that of 35 unselected elderly patients with other diagnoses (Non-CF), and with that of 41 apparently healthy elderly people."	7.68	Thiamine status of elderly patients with cardiac failure. ( Falconer-Smith, JF; Ives, DR; Kwok, T; Potter, JF, 1992)
"Previous studies have shown that following an acute bout of pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) rats are impaired in learning appetitively and aversively motivated T-maze tasks."	7.68	Diencephalic lesions, learning impairments, and intact retrograde memory following acute thiamine deficiency in the rat. ( Langlais, PJ; Mair, RG; Mandel, RJ, 1992)
" 22 patients showed a moderate or severe thiamine deficiency."	7.68	[Thiamine deficiency and brain atrophy in alcoholic patients]. ( Bartels, M; Batra, A; Heimann, H; Mann, K; Schied, HW; Schroth, G; Stetter, F, 1991)
" Using the erythrocyte transketolase activation assay, we now report biochemical evidence of thiamine deficiency in 9/39 (23%) of patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex."	7.68	Thiamine deficiency and Wernicke's encephalopathy in AIDS. ( Bourgault, AM; Butterworth, RF; Gaudreau, C; Lamothe, F; Nutini, AM; Vincelette, J, 1991)
"Two patients aged 37 and 44 years developed life-threatening lactic acidosis following abdominal surgery and a period of about 3 weeks of total parenteral nutrition."	7.68	[Thiamine deficiency as a cause of life threatening lactic acidosis in total parenteral nutrition]. ( Asskali, F; Behne, M; Kessler, P; Klein, G; Lorenz, M; Probst, S; Steuer, A, 1991)
"To test the hypothesis that long-term furosemide therapy in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with clinically significant thiamine deficiency via urinary loss."	7.68	Thiamine deficiency in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy: a pilot study. ( Ezra, D; Halkin, H; Kaufmann, N; Motro, M; Rauchfleisch, S; Seligmann, H; Vered, Z, 1991)
"Rats that had recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) were trained on tasks motivated by escape from mild footshock."	7.68	Analysis of aversively conditioned learning and memory in rats recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Knoth, RL; Langlais, PJ; Mair, RG; Otto, TA; Rabchenuk, SA, 1991)
"Rats that had recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) were compared with controls for spatial, auditory, and olfactory serial reversal learning (SRL); spatial matching to sample (MTS); auditory go-no-go discrimination; and open-field exploration."	7.68	Impairment of olfactory, auditory, and spatial serial reversal learning in rats recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Knoth, RL; Langlais, PJ; Mair, RG; Rabchenuk, SA, 1991)
"Rats were trained for 1,345 spatial nonmatching-to-sample (NMTS) trials, matched, assigned to pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) or control treatments, recovered, and re-tested for 400 trials of NMTS."	7.68	Response latency and accuracy on a pretrained nonmatching-to-sample task in rats recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Knoth, RL; Mair, RG, 1991)
"Thiamine needs in pregnancy and lactation are known to be increased."	7.68	Effects of thiamine deficiency on thiamine-dependent enzymes in regions of the brain of pregnant rats and their offspring. ( Butterworth, RF; Fournier, H, 1990)
" Empirical treatment with thiamine proved to be a cure for the disorder, for it was acute pernicious or fulminating beriberi."	7.67	The severe lacticacidosis of thiamine deficiency: acute pernicious or fulminating beriberi. ( Campbell, CH, 1984)
"Despite the fact that thiamine deficiency neuropathy is increasing in incidence in our society, it remains an underdiagnosed disorder."	7.67	Thiamine deficiency neuropathy. It's still common today. ( Skelton, NK; Skelton, WP, 1989)
"Of 3 alcoholic patients with severe lactic acidosis, one had shoshin beriberi; the second--a beer drinker--presented with convulsions associated with hyponatraemia and complicated by rhabdomyolysis and was not thiamine-deficient; the third patient had convulsions associated with Korsakoff's syndrome and was thiamine-deficient."	7.67	[Lactic acidosis treated with thiamine. 3 cases]. ( Berthet, P; Delubac, G; Demingeon, G; Fay, D; Moraillon, X; Thomas, L, 1985)
"The effects of acute and subacute thiamine deficiency on jejunal and ileal epithelial cells were studied in rats, using crypt and villus cell population, crypt cell production per crypt (CCPC), crypt growth fraction (Ip) and crypt cell cycle time (Tc) as parameters."	7.67	Acute and subacute effects of thiamine deficiency on the morphometry and cell kinetics of jejunal and ileal epithelial cells. ( Cipriano, TC; Kajiwara, JK; Muccilo, G; Zucoloto, S, 1988)
"To clarify the influence of thiamine deficiency or a dietary excess of thiamine on the mineral balance in magnesium-deficient animals, the following six different synthetic diets were fed to Wistar rats."	7.67	Tissue minerals of magnesium-deficient rats with thiamine deficiency and excess. ( Itokawa, Y, 1987)
"Local CBF (LCBF) was determined in the same rat model and at the same intervals of thiamine deficiency and reversal as in previous studies of local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) and pH (LCpH)."	7.67	Effect of thiamine deficiency and its reversal on cerebral blood flow in the rat. Observations on the phenomena of hyperperfusion, "no reflow," and delayed hypoperfusion. ( Hakim, AM, 1986)
" We tested if thiamine deficiency may cause intrauterine growth retardation in rats."	7.67	Intrauterine growth retardation induced by thiamine deficiency and pyrithiamine during pregnancy in the rat. ( Comly, M; Levin, SW; Mukherjee, AB; Roecklein, B, 1985)
"A patient with Crohn's disease and long-standing diarrhea resulting in a combined thiamine and magnesium deficiency is presented."	7.67	Aggravation of thiamine deficiency by magnesium depletion. A case report. ( Dyckner, T; Ek, B; Nyhlin, H; Wester, PO, 1985)
"The rapid improvement in the clinical manifestations of thiamine deficiency with thiamine supplementation is well known."	7.66	Metabolic and histological reversibility of thiamine deficiency. ( Carpenter, S; Hakim, AM; Pappius, HM, 1983)
"The [14C]deoxyglucose technique was used to determine local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in the rat at various times in two models of thiamine deficiency: pyrithiamine administration in addition to dietary deprivation, and dietary deprivation alone."	7.66	Sequence of metabolic, clinical, and histological events in experimental thiamine deficiency. ( Hakim, AM; Pappius, HM, 1983)
"To explore the role of thiamine deficiency in synaptic transmission, the high-affinity uptake and release systems for putative neurotransmitters were studied in synaptosomal preparations isolated from the telencephalon, hypothalamus, and cerebellum of rats made thiamine deficient by diet or pyrithiamine."	7.66	Thiamine deficiency: selective impairment of the cerebellar serotonergic system. ( Berl, S; Nicklas, WJ; Plaitakis, A, 1978)
"Blood levels of thiamine and ascorbic acid in chronic open-angle glaucoma are determined in this study."	7.66	Blood levels of thiamine and ascorbic acid in chronic open-angle glaucoma. ( Asregadoo, ER, 1979)
"Nine out of 24 patients with acute hepatocellular necrosis leading to fulminant hepatic failure showed biochemical evidence of thiamine deficiency early in the course of their illness, probably as a result of inadequate intake of the vitamin."	7.65	Thiamine deficiency in fulminant hepatic failure and effects of supplementation. ( Davis, M; Labadarios, D; McConnell, JB; Rossouw, JE; Williams, R, 1977)
"C-6 glioma and C-1300 neuroblastoma cells were cultured in thiamine deficient and control media."	7.65	Glycolytic metabolism in cultured cells of the nervous system. IV. The effects of thiamine deficiency on thiamine levels, metabolites and thiamine-dependent enzymes on the C-6 glioma and C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines. ( McCandless, DW; Schwartz, JP, 1976)
"The effect of thiamine deficiency on rat brain DNA and RNA synthesis was investigated."	7.65	Reversible impairment of cerebral DNA synthesis in thiamine deficiency. ( Henderson, GI; Schenker, S, 1975)
"The effects of thiamine deficiency and of the antithiamine drug pyrithiamine on the C-6 glioma and the C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines have been studied."	7.65	Glycolytic metabolism in cultured cells of the nervous system. III. The effects of thiamine deficiency and pyrithiamine on the C-6 glioma and C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines. ( Lust, WD; Passonneau, JV; Schwartz, JP; Shirazawa, R, 1975)
" Since thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor in the reaction, thiamine deficiency might be expected to result in tissue oxalosis."	7.65	Thiamine deficiency and oxalosis. ( Salyer, DC; Salyer, WR, 1974)
"Extracts of tissue fluids from a patient with subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy inhibit thiamine pyrophosphate-adenosine triphosphate phosphotransferase of rat brain."	7.65	Thiamine triphosphate deficiency in subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy. ( Cooper, JR; Itokawa, Y; Pincus, JH, 1969)
"While thiamine deficiency is commonly recognised in alcoholism, it can present in many other settings where it is often not considered and goes unrecognised."	7.01	Thiamine deficiency: a commonly unrecognised but easily treatable condition. ( Jani, A; Johnson, RJ; San Millan, I; Schostak, T, 2023)
"Thiamine levels were determined using the erythrocyte transketolase activity."	6.73	Influence of spironolactone therapy on thiamine blood levels in patients with heart failure. ( Albanesi Filho, FM; de Albuquerque, DC; Rocha, RM; Silva, GV; Tura, BR, 2008)
"Thiamine is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in energy metabolism."	6.72	Thiamine deficiency disorders: a clinical perspective. ( Fischer, PR; Hess, SY; Johnson, CR; Koshy, R; Mynak, ML; Qureshi, UA; Smith, TJ, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency has been reported to be in the region of 16-47% among patients undergoing bariatric surgery for obesity."	6.58	The role of thiamine dependent enzymes in obesity and obesity related chronic disease states: A systematic review. ( Maguire, D; McMillan, D; Shiels, PG; Talwar, D, 2018)
"Sepsis is defined as the dysregulated host response to an infection resulting in life-threatening organ dysfunction."	6.58	A review of micronutrients in sepsis: the role of thiamine, l-carnitine, vitamin C, selenium and vitamin D. ( Belsky, JB; Jacob, V; Lee, PJ; Sather, JE; Wira, CR, 2018)
" Chronic use of ethanol often leads to the development of neurodegenerative syndromes, which cause morphological and functional impairments such as foetal alcohol syndrome in newborns exposed to ethanol during pregnancy, Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome and, more rarely, Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD)."	6.55	Thiamine deficiency, oxidative metabolic pathways and ethanol-induced neurotoxicity: how poor nutrition contributes to the alcoholic syndrome, as Marchiafava-Bignami disease. ( Bezerra, FR; de Oliveira, FR; Fernandes, LMP; Fontes-Júnior, EA; Lima, RR; Maia, CSF; Monteiro, MC; Silva, ML, 2017)
"Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin."	6.52	[The role of thiamine in neurodegenerative diseases]. ( Anuszewska, EL; Bubko, I; Gruber, BM, 2015)
"Thiamine is an essential cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism and individuals with diabetes are thiamine deficient."	6.47	Thiamine deficiency in diabetes mellitus and the impact of thiamine replacement on glucose metabolism and vascular disease. ( Cummings, MH; Laight, D; Page, GL, 2011)
"Thiamine is a helper molecule (i."	6.42	The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease. ( Hiller-Sturmhöfel, S; Martin, PR; Singleton, CK, 2003)
"Thiamine deficiency was later confirmed."	5.91	Wernicke Encephalopathy in a Pediatric Patient with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A Rare Presentation of Thiamine Deficiency. ( Basouny, N; Khvolis, D; Lee, A; McFarlane-Ferreira, Y; Spigos, J, 2023)
"This case demonstrates Leber congenital amaurosis can present as the first clinical feature before systemic manifestations."	5.72	Leber congenital amaurosis as an initial manifestation in a Chinese patient with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome. ( Sui, R; Sun, Z; Wu, S; Yao, F; Yuan, Z, 2022)
"Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a cofactor for enzymes of central energy metabolism and its deficiency (TD) impairs oxidative phosphorylation, increases oxidative stress, and activates inflammatory processes that can lead to neurodegeneration."	5.72	Neuroinflammation regulates the balance between hippocampal neuron death and neurogenesis in an ex vivo model of thiamine deficiency. ( Cassiano, LMG; Coimbra, RS; Oliveira, MS; Pioline, J; Salim, ACM, 2022)
"Thiamine is an essential cofactor in the process of nucleic acid synthesis."	5.62	Case of hypoactive delirium precipitated by thiamine deficiency. ( Hetzel, F; Husnain, MG; Stiff, KM; Truong, T, 2021)
"Thiamine is a vitamin that functions as a cofactor for key enzymes in carbon and energy metabolism in all living cells."	5.56	Understanding and Eliminating the Detrimental Effect of Thiamine Deficiency on the Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. ( Garcia, S; Giannone, RJ; Ryu, S; Trinh, CT; Walker, C, 2020)
"The primary cause of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is thiamine deficiency, and more than 90% of cases are reported in alcohol-dependent patients."	5.51	What is the optimum thiamine dose to treat or prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome? Results of a randomized controlled trial. ( Batey, R; Binks, P; Bowden, SC; Delima, JF; Dingwall, KM, 2022)
"Thiamine is an essential coenzyme for oxidative metabolisms; however, it is not synthesized in the human body, and the average thiamine storage capacity is approximately 18 days."	5.48	Subclinical thiamine deficiency in patients with abdominal cancer. ( Akechi, T; Furuya, D; Ikebuchi, K; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Taji, Y; Takahashi, T; Tanahashi, I, 2018)
"Thiamine is an essential enzyme cofactor required for proper metabolic function and maintenance of metabolism and energy production in the brain."	5.46	Thiamine deficiency activates hypoxia inducible factor-1α to facilitate pro-apoptotic responses in mouse primary astrocytes. ( Zastre, J; Zera, K, 2017)
"Thiamine is a vitamin whose deficient can result in multiorgan symptoms."	5.46	Prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency in individuals with medically complicated obesity. ( Koch, TR; Nath, A; Shope, TR; Tran, T, 2017)
"Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin implicated in several metabolic processes."	5.43	Thiamine Deficiency in a Developed Country: Acute Lactic Acidosis in Two Neonates Due to Unsupplemented Parenteral Nutrition. ( Capolupo, I; Dotta, A; Mondì, V; Pannone, V; Piersigilli, F; Rizzo, C; Salvatori, G; Vici, CD, 2016)
"Thiamine is an essential cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism for energy production."	5.43	[Thiamine deficiency caused lactic acidosis in patient with malnutrition]. ( Cronhjort, M; Nordholme, K; Othman, H, 2016)
"Oxythiamine was converted to the transketolase inhibitor oxythiamine pyrophosphate."	5.43	The uremic toxin oxythiamine causes functional thiamine deficiency in end-stage renal disease by inhibiting transketolase activity. ( Anwar, A; Kanji, H; Masania, J; Rabbani, N; Thornalley, PJ; Xue, M; Zehnder, D; Zhang, F, 2016)
"Hypophosphatemia may be a useful biomarker to identify thiamine deficiency in critically ill enterally-fed patients."	5.41	A multicenter randomized clinical trial of pharmacological vitamin B1 administration to critically ill patients who develop hypophosphatemia during enteral nutrition (The THIAMINE 4 HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA trial). ( Ali Abdelhamid, Y; Bellomo, R; Byrne, KM; Clancy, A; Collie, JT; Deane, AM; Douglas, JS; Fetterplace, K; Finnis, ME; Fujii, T; Greaves, R; Jiang, A; Maiden, MJ; Nichol, A; Plummer, MP; Russo, G; Tascone, B; Udy, AA; Yanase, F; Young, M, 2021)
"Treatment with thiamine hydrochloride rapidly resolved the clinical signs."	5.35	Clinical signs and diagnosis of thiamine deficiency in juvenile goshawks (Accipiter gentilis). ( Carnarius, M; Hafez, HM; Henning, A; Henning, HJ; Lierz, M, 2008)
"The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine if high dose IV thiamine can prevent delirium in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for treatment of cancer."	5.34	Design of a randomized placebo controlled trial of high dose intravenous thiamine for the prevention of delirium in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ( Chien, SA; Deal, AM; Nakamura, ZM; Park, EM; Quillen, LJ; Rosenstein, DL; Shea, TC; Wood, WA, 2020)
"We report a new case of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a patient who had hyperemesis gravidarum associated with signs and symptoms of dry and wet beriberi."	5.33	Thiamine deficiency and beriberi features in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum. ( Gentile, G; Indraccolo, U; Luzi, G; Pomili, G; Villani, C, 2005)
"A 64-year-old male patient with diabetic nephropathy had been treated with maintenance hemodialysis therapy for 4 years, and had developed disturbed consciousness."	5.33	Severe thiamine deficiency resulted in Wernicke's encephalopathy in a chronic dialysis patient. ( Iino, Y; Kaneko, T; Katayama, Y; Mii, A; Saito, SK; Takada, D; Tsuzuku, Y; Ueda, K; Utsumi, K, 2006)
"Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is a co-factor for enzymes key in bridging aerobic and anaerobic metabolism."	5.30	Thiamine deficiency in vivo produces fiber cell degeneration in mouse lenses. ( Farnsworth, P; Frederikse, PH; Zigler, JS, 1999)
" Thus, it is assumed that long-term administration of furosemide could induce a thiamine deficiency."	5.26	Furosemide-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Itokawa, Y; Kawai, C; Yui, Y, 1980)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency that is frequently missed in non-alcoholic patients."	5.22	Fatal Wernicke's Encephalopathy with Cardiovascular Involvement in a Young Psychiatric Patient. ( Ahmad, S; Dunn, BK; Ikram, S, 2022)
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is the best known consequence of thiamine deficiency, frequently associated with patients with chronic and excessive alcohol consumption, but it can be produced by any cause that produces thiamine deficiency."	5.22	[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other diseases associated with thyamine deficiency]. ( Chamorro, AJ; Marcos, M; Mateos-Díaz, AM, 2022)
"Wolfram syndrome, Kearns-Sayre syndrome, thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia, and maternally inherited diabetes and deafness are genetic disorders characterized by diabetes, impaired hearing, and vision."	5.22	Diabetes Out-of-the-Box: Diabetes Mellitus and Impairment in Hearing and Vision. ( Gruber, N; Pinhas-Hamiel, O, 2022)
" We present the case of a 2-month-old girl with bronchiolitis, right heart failure, and lactic acidosis, who quickly and favorably responded to thiamine supplementation."	5.22	Shoshin beriberi and thiamine-responsive right heart failure: A case report in Mayotte Recognition and management of infant Shoshin beriberi. ( Blondé, R; Nguyen, J; Tanné, C, 2022)
"Thiamine deficiency is common in parts of Asia and causes beriberi."	5.17	Thiamine pharmacokinetics in Cambodian mothers and their breastfed infants. ( Chea, M; Coats, D; Enders, FT; Fischer, PR; Frank, EL; Khin, M; Ou, K; Preou, C; Reid, JM; Topazian, M, 2013)
"Diuretic treatment for heart failure may lead to an increased urinary thiamine excretion and in long-term thiamine deficiency, which may further compromise cardiac function."	5.16	Thiamine supplementation in symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study. ( der Maur, CA; Erne, P; Schoenenberger, AW; Schoenenberger-Berzins, R; Suter, PM; Vergopoulos, A, 2012)
"During weight loss, erythrocyte thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) decreased (221±52 to 195±39 nmol/L, P<0."	5.16	Increased thiamine intake may be required to maintain thiamine status during weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes. ( Brinkworth, GD; Cleanthous, X; Clifton, PM; Keogh, JB; Noakes, M; Wycherley, TP, 2012)
"Thiamine deficiency can be misdiagnosed."	5.12	Non-alcoholic beriberi, Wernicke encephalopathy and long-term eating disorder: case report and a mini-review. ( Bianchi, G; Costantino, G; Farina, A; Mantero, V; Pozzetti, U; Rifino, N; Rigamonti, A; Ripolone, M; Salmaggi, A; Sciacco, M, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency has been typically associated with alcoholism or as a prevalent problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) whose populations rely on staple foods with a low content of thiamine."	5.12	Thiamine deficiency unrelated to alcohol consumption in high-income countries: a literature review. ( Bergeron, G; Bourassa, MW; Fischer, PR; Gomes, F, 2021)
"Often thought to be a nutritional issue limited to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pediatric thiamine deficiency (PTD) is perceived as being eradicated or anecdotal in high-income countries (HICs)."	5.12	Pediatric thiamine deficiency disorders in high-income countries between 2000 and 2020: a clinical reappraisal. ( Gomes, F; Hiffler, L; Rakotoambinina, B, 2021)
" Dialysis patients are at risk for thiamine deficiency, which may mimic many uremic complications, including encephalopathy."	5.09	Thiamine deficiency and unexplained encephalopathy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. ( Chen, TW; Huang, TP; Hung, SC; Hung, SH; Tarng, DC; Yang, WC, 2001)
"We have previously found thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) who had received long-term furosemide therapy."	5.08	Improved left ventricular function after thiamine supplementation in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy. ( Almog, S; Ezra, D; Halkin, H; Motro, M; Peleg, E; Rosenthal, T; Seligmann, H; Shefi, M; Shimon, I; Vered, Z, 1995)
"The significance of subclinical thiamine deficiency in the elderly was determined by assessing response to thiamine supplementation in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial."	5.08	The response to treatment of subclinical thiamine deficiency in the elderly. ( Elmslie, J; George, PM; Hanger, HC; Sainsbury, R; Wilkinson, TJ, 1997)
"Beriberi is a nutritional complication of gastric surgery, caused by deficiency of vitamin B1, or thiamine."	5.05	Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of beriberi after gastric surgery. ( Wilson, RB, 2020)
" Furthermore, we suggest thiamine, which is frequently depleted in AUD, to be a key modulator in this process: Thiamine deficiency impairs the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, thereby enabling iron to pass through and accumulate in the brain."	5.05	Does thiamine protect the brain from iron overload and alcohol-related dementia? ( Hametner, S; König, D; Listabarth, S; Vyssoki, B, 2020)
" The significance of this topic has been illustrated by the recently established competition between thiamine and the antidiabetic drug metformin for common transporters, which can be the reason for the thiamine deficiency underlying metformin side effects."	5.01	Mechanisms of Non-coenzyme Action of Thiamine: Protein Targets and Medical Significance. ( Aleshin, VA; Bunik, VI; Mkrtchyan, GV, 2019)
"To offer an estimate of the incidence of anaphylactic reactions to parenteral products containing thiamine used in the treatment of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) and make recommendations."	5.01	Incidence of Adverse Reactions to Parenteral Thiamine in the Treatment of Wernicke's Encephalopathy, and Recommendations. ( Guerrini, I; Marshall, EJ; Thomson, A, 2019)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA), also known as Rogers syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by three main components: megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus and sensorineural deafness."	5.01	[Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia or Rogers syndrome: A literature review]. ( Castioni, J; Lu, H; Tran, C; Vaucher, J; Vollenweider, P, 2019)
" Studies investigating the prevalence of thiamine deficiency among patients with CVDs and the effect of thiamine supplementation on their conditions were summarized."	4.98	Thiamine deficiency and cardiovascular disorders. ( Arafa, AE; Eshak, ES, 2018)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff psychosis (KP), together termed Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS), are distinct yet overlapping neuropsychiatric disorders associated with thiamine deficiency."	4.98	Review of thiamine deficiency disorders: Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff psychosis. ( 't Jong, GW; Bhardwaj, A; Chandrakumar, A, 2018)
" We reviewed 13 patients (median age, 27 years; 5 men) with clear histories of thiamine deficiency and symptoms of typical WE."	4.95	Epileptic seizures in nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy: a case report and literature review. ( Chen, H; Chen, X; Hong, H; Li, X; Shang, W; Tang, S, 2017)
"Thiamine deficiency (vitamin B1) is common in patients with alcohol dependence."	4.95	[Thiamine (vitamin B1) treatment in patients with alcohol dependence]. ( Dervaux, A; Laqueille, X, 2017)
"Thiamine deficiency can lead to Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), an acute and potentially life-threatening neurological disorder."	4.95	High-dose Parenteral Thiamine in Treatment of Wernicke's Encephalopathy: Case Series and Review of the Literature. ( Nishimoto, A; Twilla, J; Usery, J; Winton, JC, 2017)
"- Patients with alcohol use disorder frequently have a thiamine deficiency."	4.95	[Thiamine in patients with alcohol use disorder and Wernicke's encephalopathy]. ( Bekema, JK; Brinkman, DJ; Dekker, MJ; Kuijenhoven, MA; van Agtmael, MA; Wijnia, JW, 2017)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a serious neurologic condition resulting from thiamine deficiency."	4.93	Nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Clift, F; Rogers, P; Welsh, A, 2016)
" Most studies assessing body thiamine status have reported variable degrees of thiamine deficiency in patients with heart failure, particularly those treated chronically with high doses of furosemide."	4.93	Does Long-Term Furosemide Therapy Cause Thiamine Deficiency in Patients with Heart Failure? A Focused Review. ( Alpert, MA; Balla, S; Katta, N, 2016)
"The earliest and perhaps best example of an interaction between nutrition and dementia is related to thiamine (vitamin B1)."	4.93	Vitamin B1 (thiamine) and dementia. ( Cirio, RT; Elder, J; Fonzetti, P; Gibson, GE; Hirsch, JA; Jordan, BD, 2016)
" Precipitants included a hypermetabolic state in the background of subacute thiamine deficiency."	4.91	Palliative treatment of thiamine-related encephalopathy (Wernicke's encephalopathy) in cancer: A case series and review of the literature. ( Breitbart, W; Hatzoglou, V; Hsu, AJ; Isenberg-Grzeda, E; Nelso, C, 2015)
" HF is a known manifestation of thiamine deficiency (TD)."	4.91	Determining the Role of Thiamine Deficiency in Systolic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. ( Al-Ani, M; Hill, JA; Jain, A; Mehta, R; Winchester, DE, 2015)
"As thiamine deficiency is frequently associated with alcoholism, malnutrition and prolonged vomiting; we recommend prompt treatment of MBD with parenteral thiamine in such subjects."	4.90	Diagnosis and management of Marchiafava-Bignami disease: a review of CT/MRI confirmed cases. ( Fujioka, S; Hillbom, M; Juvela, S; Leone, MA; Saloheimo, P; Wszolek, ZK, 2014)
"Wernicke encephalopathy is an acute, reversible neuropsychiatric emergency due to thiamine deficiency."	4.90	Thiamine in the treatment of Wernicke encephalopathy in patients with alcohol use disorders. ( Dore, G; Latt, N, 2014)
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a condition with high morbidity and mortality and occurs as a consequence of thiamine deficiency."	4.89	[Diagnostics and treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome patients with an alcohol abuse]. ( Nilsson, M; Sonne, C, 2013)
"Patients infected with HIV have a high prevalence of thiamine deficiency."	4.89	The role of thiamine in HIV infection. ( L Ng, Kv; Nguyễn, LT, 2013)
"The prevailing teaching in medical school curricula and in medical textbooks is that if thiamine deficiency is suspected, thiamine supplementation should be given before administering glucose."	4.88	Glucose before thiamine for Wernicke encephalopathy: a literature review. ( Kuo, D; Schabelman, E, 2012)
"Emerging evidence suggests that thiamine deficiency (TD), the cause of Wernicke's encephalopathy, produces alterations in brain function and structural damage that closely model a number of maladies in which neurodegeneration is a characteristic feature, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, along with alcoholic brain disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury."	4.87	Modeling neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology in thiamine deficiency: consequences of impaired oxidative metabolism. ( Hazell, AS; Jhala, SS, 2011)
" Severe thiamine deficiency causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome."	4.87	Wernicke's encephalopathy: a preventable cause of maternal death. ( Arambage, K; Jayakody, K; Wedisinghe, L, 2011)
" The cause of Wernicke's encephalopathy is thiamine deficiency as a result of any nutritionally deficient state, though many physicians erroneously consider this disease to be confined only to alcoholics."	4.84	Myths and misconceptions of Wernicke's encephalopathy: what every emergency physician should know. ( Donnino, MW; Miller, J; Vega, J; Walsh, M, 2007)
"Thiamine deficiency has been specifically linked to the development of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WK)--a degenerative brain disorder that is typically associated with alcoholic drinking."	4.83	A theoretical argument for inherited thiamine insensitivity as one possible biological cause of familial alcoholism. ( Manzardo, AM; Penick, EC, 2006)
" This pathway is impaired in experimental and clinical diabetes by mild thiamine deficiency."	4.82	The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications. ( Thornalley, PJ, 2005)
"Interest has recently risen regarding thiamine deficiency in patients with cardiac deficiency who are receiving long-term diuretic therapy."	4.81	[Is thiamine supplementation necessary in patient with cardiac insufficiency?]. ( Blanc, P; Boussuges, A, 2001)
"There is increasing evidence for the role of thiamine deficiency in ethanol neurotoxicity and in development of alcoholic organic brain disorders other than Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome [WKS] and cerebellar degeneration."	4.79	Thiamine utilization in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced brain damage. ( Martin, PR; McCool, BA; Pekovich, SR; Singleton, CK; Whetsell, WO, 1994)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by thiamine deficiency."	4.31	Is there a time window for MRI in Wernicke encephalopathy - a decade of experience from a tertiary hospital. ( Almeida-Xavier, S; Lopes, M; Silva, AR; Soares-Fernandes, JP; Sousa, F; Varanda, S, 2023)
"Ocular motor and vestibular manifestations of Wernicke's thiamine deficiency (WTD) are frequent and heterogeneous."	4.31	Generalized vestibular hyporeflexia and chronic upbeat nystagmus due to thiamine deficiency. ( Kattah, JC; Steenerson, KK; Zhu, W, 2023)
"Despite increasing reports of thiamine deficiency (TD) among cancer patients, there remain some patients with borderline thiamine concentrations (BTC)."	4.31	Can depressed cancer patients with a borderline thiamine concentration develop deficiency within a short time period? ( Ishida, M; Ito, H; Mizunuma, N; Onishi, H; Onizawa, N; Sato, I; Sato, R; Uchida, N; Yoshioka, A, 2023)
"The multisystem complications seen in severe thiamine deficiency can delay timely administration of high-dose thiamine, particularly in pregnancy, in which the classic triad of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome may not raise clinical suspicion due to rapid progression of neurological sequelae in this population."	4.31	Fetal demise and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum: a case report. ( Becker, M; DeSimone, A; Lopez-Pastrana, J; Olmsted, A, 2023)
"The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg on the development of unfavourable changes in cognitive processes in a pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) model of the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) in rats."	4.31	Protocatechuic Acid Prevents Some of the Memory-Related Behavioural and Neurotransmitter Changes in a Pyrithiamine-Induced Thiamine Deficiency Model of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome in Rats. ( Blecharz-Klin, K; Joniec-Maciejak, I; Krzysztoforska, K; Krzysztoforski, J; Piechal, A; Pyrzanowska, J; Widy-Tyszkiewicz, E; Wojnar, E, 2023)
"Thiamine deficiency, commonly presenting as dry and wet beriberi, a lesser-known entity in the present era, is increasingly being reported from Kashmir, a north Indian state."	4.31	Thiamine responsive high output heart failure of adults: an under-recognized entity. ( Andrabi, SMA; Ganie, MA; Kareem, O; Mohi-U-Din, K; Muzaffer, U; Nisar, S; Tak, SI; Tanvir, M, 2023)
"We found no cases of Wernicke Encephalopathy (WE) and only one case of thiamine deficiency."	4.31	Further evidence of relationship between thiamine blood level and cognition in chronic alcohol-dependent adults: Prospective Pilot Study of an inpatient detoxification with oral supplementation protocol. ( Bonnet, U; Claus, BB; McAnally, H; Pohlmann, L, 2023)
"While clinical consequences of thiamine deficiency in alcohol use disorder (AUD) are severe, evidence-based recommendations on dosage, type of administration and duration of thiamine substitution (TS), and its' target levels remain sparse."	4.31	Can thiamine substitution restore cognitive function in alcohol use disorder? ( Gleiss, A; Groemer, M; Harrer, C; König, D; Listabarth, S; Marculescu, R; Trojer, A; Vyssoki, B; Weber, S, 2023)
"To compare the prevalence of delirium among ICU patients who received thiamine with those who did not and to compare morbidity and mortality."	4.31	Thiamine Administration and the Prevalence of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Before and After Interventional Study. ( Dana, E; Dichtwald, S; Fredman, B; Ifrach, N; Varbarbut, N; Zohar, E, 2023)
" Deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1) can result in metabolic crisis and lactic acidosis."	4.31	Lactic Acidosis Due to Thiamine Deficiency in a Preterm Infant Associated with Inadequate Parenteral Nutrition. ( Hasan, SA; Shajira, ES, 2023)
"A high prevalence of thiamine deficiency occurs in pregnant women of Kashmir."	4.31	Prevalence of Thiamine Deficiency in Pregnancy and its impact on fetal outcome in an area endemic for thiamine deficiency. ( Ali, N; Bader, GN; Kareem, O; Mufti, S; Muzaffer, U; Nisar, S; Sheikh, IA; Tanvir, M, 2023)
"Beriberi is the clinical manifestation of severe and prolonged thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency."	4.31	Comparison of beriberi cases in indigenous and non-indigenous people, Brazil, 2013 to 2018. ( Assunção, AKM; Branco, MDRFC; Costa, SDSB; Dias Júnior, JJ; Frota, MTBA; Oliveira, BLCA; Santos, AMD; Santos, TS, 2023)
" Thiamine deficiency was suspected as thiamine stores in the body are depleted within about 18 days and her loss of appetite had continued for 5 months."	4.12	Wernicke encephalopathy in a caregiver: A serious physical issue resulting from stress in a family member caring for an advanced cancer patient. ( Hamaguchi, T; Horita, Y; Ishida, M; Mihara, Y; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Uchida, N; Yoshioka, A, 2022)
"Acute thiamine deficiency can occur in patients with or without history of alcohol abuse and can lead to life-threatening complications."	4.12	Clinical diagnosis, outcomes and treatment of thiamine deficiency in a tertiary hospital. ( Balanant, NA; Carette, C; Czernichow, S; Flamarion, E; Jannot, AS; Lucas-Martini, L; Messager, D; Mifsud, F; Poghosyan, T; Rives-Lange, C; Védie, B, 2022)
" We herein report a case of cardiac dysfunction due to thiamine deficiency after hemodialysis in a patient with suspected biguanide-related lactic acidosis."	4.12	Cardiac Dysfunction Due to Thiamine Deficiency after Hemodialysis for Biguanide-related Lactic Acidosis. ( Jimura, F; Kachi, N; Tamaki, H; Tsushima, H, 2022)
" The underlying cause is thiamine deficiency, which may be due to multiple aetiologies."	4.12	Wernicke's encephalopathy secondary to hyperemesis gravidarum: A clinical challenge. ( Kiani, SS; Mehreen, T, 2022)
"It is generally recommended to administer thiamine treatment prior to glucose in patients with suspected thiamine deficiency."	4.12	Identification of Wernicke Encephalopathy in a Patient Presenting With Altered Mental Status and Dehydration. ( Brockman, T; Hernandez, L; Mehta, T, 2022)
"To determine the prevalence and time course of thiamine deficiency (TD) in PICU patients."	4.12	Prevalence and Time Course of Thiamine Deficiency in Critically Ill Children: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study in Turkey. ( Akkuzu, E; Bayrakci, B; Kalkan, G; Kendirli, T; Ozcan, S; Pasaoglu, H; Sincar, S; Yavuz, S, 2022)
"Gastric beriberi is a rare presentation of TD that can lead to severe GI symptoms and lactic acidosis."	4.12	Clinical profile of patients presenting with thiamine-responsive upper-gastrointestinal upset: A pointer toward gastric beriberi. ( Ganie, MA; Kareem, O; Muzaffer, U; Nisar, S; Tanvir, M; Wani, IA, 2022)
" Laboratory results were notable for thiamine deficiency, which in context of the radiographic and physical examination findings, confirmed a diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy."	4.12	Cystic fibrosis associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy in an older adult. ( Goodman, EL; Koh, SW; Vijayavel, N, 2022)
"Retrospective review of 6 women who developed neurological abnormalities following hyperemesis gravidarum and were treated with varying dosage of parenteral thiamine."	4.12	Atypical neurological manifestations in Wernicke's encephalopathy due to hyperemesis gravidarum. ( Divya, MB; Jha, AK; Jha, N; Kubera, NS; Thabah, MM, 2022)
"At present, thiamine deficiency (TD) is managed with administration of high doses of thiamine."	4.02	Thiamine deficiency and recovery: impact of recurrent episodes and beneficial effect of treatment with Trolox and dimethyl sulfoxide. ( da Silva Aguiar, HQ; de Araújo, SS; de Cordova, CAS; de Cordova, FM; Gomes, KC; Lima, FWB, 2021)
"Brain pathologies evoked by thiamine deficiency can be aggravated by mild zinc excess."	4.02	Protection of Cholinergic Neurons against Zinc Toxicity by Glial Cells in Thiamine-Deficient Media. ( Gul-Hinc, S; Jankowska-Kulawy, A; Michno, A; Ronowska, A; Szutowicz, A; Zyśk, M, 2021)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that results from untreated severe thiamine deficiency, frequently described as a triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and confusion."	4.02	Visual Disturbances in a Grave's Disease Patient After Sleeve Gastrectomy. ( Abdalla, A; Ahmed, M; Inman, KL; Palmer, G, 2021)
"Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) causing right heart failure can occur due to thiamine deficiency in exclusively breastfeeding infants."	4.02	Thiamine-responsive acute severe pulmonary hypertension in exclusively breastfeeding infants: a prospective observational study. ( A P, B; Gangadhara, M; Ghosh, S; Kumar, RK; M, J; Managuli, A; Manjunath, CN; Sastry, UMK; Subramanian, A, 2021)
"Despite the fact that both thiamine deficiency (TD) and Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) have been observed to some degree in cancer patients, such cases of TD and/or WE reported to date have all been diagnosed after the initiation of treatment."	4.02	Subclinical thiamine deficiency identified by pretreatment evaluation in an esophageal cancer patient. ( Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Yoshioka, A, 2021)
"In this article, we report the different presentations of thiamine deficiency disorders seen at a remote rural mission hospital in Northeast India, including investigations, treatment, and recovery."	4.02	The rediscovery of thiamine deficiency disorders at a secondary level mission hospital in Northeast India. ( Ismavel, VA; Koshy, RM; Solomi, CV; Thankaraj, S, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency is a public health issue in Cambodia."	4.02	Assessment of salt intake to consider salt as a fortification vehicle for thiamine in Cambodia. ( Baldwin, DA; Borath, M; Chan, K; Gallant, J; Green, TJ; Kroeun, H; Leemaqz, S; Measelle, JR; Ngik, R; Prak, S; Whitfield, KC; Wieringa, FT; Yelland, LN, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is frequently suspected and treated at our hospital."	4.02	Infantile thiamine deficiency: Redefining the clinical patterns. ( Ahmad, K; Akram, M; Bashir, A; Bhat, AS; Qureshi, U; Qureshi, UA; Wani, NA, 2021)
" As a consequence of the abrupt transition from catabolism to anabolism, RS is defined as a decrease in plasma levels of phosphorus, potassium and/or magnesium, whether or not associated with organ dysfunction resulting from a decrease in one of the electrolytes or a thiamine deficiency, after refeeding."	4.02	[Refeeding syndrome]. ( Audia, S; Brindisi, MC; Brondel, L; Chambrier, C; Mouillot, T, 2021)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA), caused by SLC19A2 loss-of-function variants, is characterized by the triad of megaloblastic anemia, progressive sensorineural deafness, and non-type 1 diabetes mellitus."	4.02	Identification of novel compound heterozygous variants in SLC19A2 and the genotype-phenotype associations in thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia. ( Li, G; Qiao, Y; Shang, X; Sun, Y; Wang, Z; Zhang, S; Zhuang, J, 2021)
" This was initially suspected to be Guillain-Barre syndrome but subsequently found to be the motor neuropathy of dry beriberi (vitamin B1, thiamine deficiency) along with associated Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE)."	4.02	Wernicke's encephalopathy post hyperemesis gravidarum misdiagnosed as Guillain-Barre syndrome: lessons for the frontline. ( Jacob, A; Kirty, K; Sarda, Y; Venugopala, D, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency is an uncommon cause of severe illness in the United States that can lead to significant morbidity because of high-output cardiac failure, peripheral neuropathy, and permanent neurologic impairment."	4.02	A BERIBERI UNHEALTHY LATTE: ENCEPHALOPATHY AND SHOCK FROM SEVERE NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY. ( Coyne, C; Hayden, SR; Lafree, A; Lasoff, D; Self, M; Signorelli, J; Wardi, G, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency disorders are an under-recognized public health problem in low- and middle-income countries."	4.02	Case Report: Fulminant Infantile Beriberi: A Report of Six Cases. ( M, S; Mohammad, F; Ramachandra, P; Samprathi, M; Vemgal, P, 2021)
"Women reliant on mostly rice-based diets can have inadequate thiamine intake, placing breastfed infants at risk of thiamine deficiency and, in turn, physical and cognitive impairments."	4.02	Thiamine supplementation holds neurocognitive benefits for breastfed infants during the first year of life. ( Allen, LH; Baldwin, DA; Borath, M; Chan, K; Gallant, J; Green, TJ; Hampel, D; Kroeun, H; Measelle, JR; Prak, S; Shahab-Ferdows, S; Whitfield, KC; Wieringa, FT, 2021)
"Thiamine Responsive Acute Pulmonary Hypertension (TRAPH) Syndrome is an under-recognised entity which should be included in differentials for acute right ventricular dysfunction in the ED."	4.02	The conundrum of Thiamine Responsive Acute Pulmonary Hypertension (TRAPH) syndrome in the Emergency Department. ( Balakrishnan, JM; Bhat, R; Ravindra, P; Tirlangi, PK, 2021)
"When delirium occurs in cancer patients undergoing home treatment, it is necessary to suspect thiamine deficiency as a potential cause, as appropriate diagnosis and treatment can prevent irreversible brain-related sequelae."	4.02	Wernicke encephalopathy in a lung cancer patient receiving home medical care. ( Ishida, M; Itami, K; Ito, H; Onishi, H; Onizawa, N; Sato, I; Uchida, N; Yoshioka, A, 2021)
"Clinical evidence of thiamine-related neuropsychiatric symptoms, including the initial stage, is limited because serum thiamine levels tend to be evaluated only for patients who develop severe neuropsychiatric symptoms suspected to be related to severe thiamine deficiency."	4.02	Association between thiamine decrease and neuropsychiatric symptoms in gastrointestinal and hematological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. ( Ahiko, Y; Aikou, S; Andoh, S; Iimura, Y; Imai, Y; Kanemoto, Y; Kawamata, T; Kuroda, S; Kurokawa, T; Nojima, M; Sato, A; Shida, D; Sugiura, M; Tojo, A; Tsurita, G; Yazawa, K; Yokoyama, K, 2021)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) has a number of features in common with the neurodegenerative diseases development and close relationship between TD and oxidative stress (OS) has been repeatedly reported in the literature."	4.02	Thiamine deficiency in rats affects thiamine metabolism possibly through the formation of oxidized thiamine pyrophosphate. ( Bettendorff, L; Chehivska, L; Parkhomenko, Y; Pavlova, O; Sambon, M; Stepanenko, S, 2021)
" Administration of fursultiamine dramatically improved the symptoms and subsequently caused pulmonary edema."	3.96	Thiamine Deficiency in a Nondrinker and Secondary Pulmonary Edema after Thiamine Replenishment. ( Horita, T; Ishida, Y; Nakamura, H; Utsunomiya, A, 2020)
" However, numerous studies from the Baltic Sea have demonstrated an ongoing thiamine deficiency in several animal classes, both invertebrates and vertebrates."	3.96	Severe thiamine deficiency in eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua). ( Balk, L; Collier, TK; Engelhardt, J; Frisell, O; Gustavsson, H; Hansson, T; Sjöberg, R, 2020)
"Gastrointestinal cancer and its treatment using fluorouracil-based anticancer agents are risk factors for thiamine deficiency (TD)."	3.96	Potential thiamine deficiency in elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy . ( Iimura, Y; Kuroda, S; Momo, K; Yasu, T, 2020)
" During the hospitalization other comploication of low thiamine appeared such as wet beriberi."	3.96	Wernicke's encephalopathy, refeeding syndrome and wet beriberi after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: the importance of thiamine evaluation. ( Bugiardini, E; Colombo, C; Dadone, V; De Toni Franceschini, L; Iaccarino, L; Pacei, F, 2020)
"Diagnosis of infantile thiamine deficiency disorders (TDD) is challenging due to the non-specific, highly variable clinical presentation, often leading to misdiagnosis."	3.96	Establishing a case definition of thiamine responsive disorders among infants and young children in Lao PDR: protocol for a prospective cohort study. ( Arnold, CD; Fischer, PR; Hess, SY; Hiffler, L; Kounnavong, S; McBeth, CN; Nhiacha, K; Schick, MA; Sitthideth, D; Smith, TJ; Stein-Wexler, R; Tan, X; Tancredi, DJ; Trehan, I; Yeh, J, 2020)
"Thiamine deficiency can cause encephalopathy (Wernicke) and lactic acidosis."	3.96	Wernicke Encephalopathy and Lactic Acidosis in Thiamine Deficiency. ( Besci, T; Evren, G; Köroðlu, TF, 2020)
"In this cohort of patients admitted to the stroke service at an acute rehabilitation facility, there is evidence of thiamine deficiency."	3.96	Prevalence of Low Plasma Vitamin B1 in the Stroke Population Admitted to Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation. ( Anderson, S; Ehsanian, R; Kennedy, D; Mansourian, V; Schneider, B, 2020)
"Wernicke´s encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurologic disorder secondary to thiamine deficiency."	3.96	Wernicke's encephalopathy in a patient with late-onset enterocolic fistula after bariatric surgery. ( Junquera Alonso, E; Seoane Blanco, L; Vargas González, CA, 2020)
"Wernicke`s encephalopathy (WE) is a coenzyme-induced disease with acute neuropsychiatric symptoms leading to high mortality and morbidity due to thiamine deficiency."	3.96	Wernicke`s encephalopathy manifesting with diplopia after ileojejunostomy: report of a pediatric case with Hirschsprung disease. ( Cansu, A; Dilber, B; Eyüboğlu, İ; Kamaşak, T; Kola, M; Sağ, E; Saruhan, H; Uysal, AT; Yalçın, S, 2020)
"The symptoms of thiamine deficiency vary considerably and asymptomatic cases; i."	3.96	Subclinical thiamine deficiency: What is the most appropriate method of diagnosis and treatment? ( Ishida, M; Itami, K; Kurosaki, A; Onishi, H; Sato, M; Tamura, S; Uchida, N, 2020)
"Although thiamine deficiency (TD) and Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) are not rare in cancer patients, the cases reported to date developed TD and/or WE after treatment had started."	3.91	Subclinical thiamine deficiency identified by preoperative evaluation in an ovarian cancer patient: Diagnosis and the need for preoperative thiamine measurement. ( Akechi, T; Fujiwara, K; Hasegawa, K; Ishida, M; Nishikawa, T; Onishi, H; Shintani, D; Uchida, N, 2019)
"Alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD) is associated with neurotoxic effects of heavy alcohol use and nutritional deficiency, in particular thiamine deficiency (TD), both of which induce inflammatory responses in brain."	3.91	A Pivotal Role for Thiamine Deficiency in the Expression of Neuroinflammation Markers in Models of Alcohol-Related Brain Damage. ( Deak, T; Savage, LM; Toledo Nunes, P; Vedder, LC, 2019)
" This was a diagnostic dilemma until an MRI brain revealed symmetrical signal abnormality and enhancement in the periaqueductal area indicative of Wernicke's encephalopathy, caused by thiamine deficiency from poor nutrition."	3.91	Starvation-induced diplopia and weakness: a case of beriberi and Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Aung, T; Chan Chung, C; Lim, KC; Tan, TXZ, 2019)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is recognized in various kinds of disease with associated loss of appetite including cancer; however, TD has not been recognized in the family caregivers of cancer patients to date."	3.91	Thiamine deficiency observed in a cancer patient's caregiver. ( Akechi, T; Ebihara, Y; Furuya, D; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Takahashi, T; Uchida, N, 2019)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an uncommon neurological complication in pregnancies complicated with hyperemesis due to thiamine deficiency."	3.91	Complete recovery in Wernicke's encephalopathy complicating hyperemesis gravidarum. ( Aneja, T; Barathi, D; Chaturvedula, L; Keepanasseril, A; Nair, PP, 2019)
"Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at an increased risk of developing Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), a devastating and difficult diagnosis caused by thiamine deficiency."	3.91	Using clinical decision support through the electronic medical record to increase prescribing of high-dose parenteral thiamine in hospitalized patients with alcohol use disorder. ( Aloezos, C; Baron, SW; Cregin, R; Forman, HL; Mowrey, WB; Wai, JM, 2019)
"Background Thiamine deficiency is commonly reported in patients with diabetes especially during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) that could attribute to myocardial dysfunction in those patients."	3.91	Myocardial dysfunction in relation to serum thiamine levels in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Abu Farag, IM; Elhady, M; Ibrahim, RS; Mohamed, RA, 2019)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is recognized in various kinds of disease with associated loss of appetite including cancer."	3.91	Thiamine deficiency in the bereaved after cancer-related spousal loss. ( Ebihara, Y; Furuya, D; Ishida, M; Ito, H; Onishi, H; Sato, I; Takahashi, T; Uchida, N, 2019)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome is a rare disease comprising a classic triad of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and early-onset sensorineural deafness."	3.91	An Adult Case of Thiamine-Sensitive Megaloblastic Anemia Syndrome Accidentally Diagnosed Myelodysplastic Syndrome. ( Kutlucan, A, 2019)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease characterized by the clinical triad of megaloblastic anemia, sensorineural deafness, and diabetes mellitus."	3.91	TRMA syndrome with a severe phenotype, cerebral infarction, and novel compound heterozygous SLC19A2 mutation: a case report. ( Cheng, Q; Ding, Y; Li, Q; Li, X; Wang, J; Wang, X; Yao, R, 2019)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an unexpected common neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency often due to alcohol abuse, but WE-not alcohol related is also frequent."	3.88	Wernicke's encephalopathy following reduced food intake due to depressive disorders. ( Avolio, C; Carapelle, E; Cologno, D; Lalla, A; Martino, T; Melchionda, D, 2018)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by thiamine deficiency."	3.88	Wernicke encephalopathy without delirium in patients with cancer. ( Akechi, T; Furuya, D; Ikebuchi, K; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Taji, Y; Takahashi, T; Tanahashi, I, 2018)
" Without apparent etiology of shock, this patient remained hypotensive for 9 days, requiring a vasopressor, despite daily administration of thiamine 600 mg."	3.88	Prolonged hypotension associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Kuriyama, A; Maeda, H; Tanaka, T, 2018)
"Thiamine deficiency was detected in 61 patients within the first 10 d of ICU stay, 57 cases being diagnosed on admission and 4 new cases on the 5th d."	3.88	Effect of blood thiamine concentrations on mortality: Influence of nutritional status. ( de Lima, LFP; Leite, HP; Paes, ÂT; Taddei, JAAC, 2018)
"In this case report, we present a preterm newborn with persistent lactic acidosis who received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) that lacked thiamine."	3.88	Severe lactic acidosis in an extremely low birth weight infant due to thiamine deficiency. ( Alp Unkar, Z; Bilgen, H; Kiykim, E; Memisoglu, A; Ozdemir, H; Ozek, E, 2018)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, and is sometimes overlooked because of the diversity of clinical symptoms."	3.88	Wernicke encephalopathy without delirium that appeared as agitation in a patient with lung cancer. ( Akechi, T; Furuya, D; Ikebuchi, K; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Taji, Y; Takahashi, T; Uchida, N, 2018)
" One possible explanation for reduced survival is thiamine deficiency."	3.88	Thiamine Levels in Muscle and Eggs of Adult Pacific Salmon from the Fraser River, British Columbia. ( Futia, MH; Hinch, SG; Honeyfield, DC; Miller, KM; Rinchard, J; Teffer, AK; Welch, DW, 2018)
" We conducted an investigation to identify the etiology of the outbreak on the most severely affected atoll, Kuria, and identified thiamine deficiency disease as the cause."	3.88	Re-emergence of thiamine deficiency disease in the Pacific islands (2014-15): A case-control study. ( Cangiano, A; George, P; Huppatz, C; Manaia, A; Nilles, EJ; Reiffer, A; Ruaia, B; Sejvar, J; Sies, C; Tira, T; Ward, C, 2018)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) has been used as an experimental model in rodents to study the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration and its association with behavioral changes."	3.88	Thalamic Proteome Changes and Behavioral Impairments in Thiamine-deficient Rats. ( Figueiredo, HCP; Gómez-Mendoza, DP; Nunes, PT; Rezende, CP; Ribeiro, AM, 2018)
"Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) may be a risk factor for thiamine deficiency."	3.88	Progressive supranuclear palsy responding to intravenous thiamine: superimposed Wernicke's encephalopathy? ( Joshi, H; Patel, J; Prakash, S, 2018)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterised by a triad of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness."	3.88	Thiamine Responsive Megaloblastic Anaemia, Diabetes Mellitus and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in a Child. ( Altaf, C; Fatima, S; Khadim, MT; Khurshid, A; Malik, HS; Sajjad, Z, 2018)
"Reportedly, thiamine deficiency, resulting from malnutrition and long-term diuretic therapy, is observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)."	3.88	Thiamine status in end-stage chronic kidney disease patients: a single-center study. ( Kato, A; Mimura, T; Naruse, T; Noda, Y; Saka, Y; Tawada, N; Watanabe, Y, 2018)
"Despite some reports of high prevalence of thiamine deficiency in elderly people, the reported prevalence is controversial mainly due to the methods used in assessing thiamin concentrations."	3.88	Prevalence of thiamine deficiency in older hospitalized patients. ( Angersbach, B; Biesalski, HK; Klimek, C; Lueg, G; Pourhassan, M; Wirth, R, 2018)
" Arrhythmia in thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome."	3.88	Arrhythmia in thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome. ( Akın, L; Argun, M; Baykan, A; Hatipoğlu, N; Kurtoğlu, S; Narin, N; Şahin, Y, 2018)
"The effects of chronic EtOH consumption, associated or not with thiamine deficiency (TD), on cognitive impairment, oxidative damage, and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide accumulation in the brain were investigated in male C57BL/6 mice."	3.85	Comparative effects of EtOH consumption and thiamine deficiency on cognitive impairment, oxidative damage, and β-amyloid peptide overproduction in the brain. ( Gao, YQ; Gong, YS; Guo, J; Hou, FL; Hu, K; Liang, CY; Song, FL; Yang, LQ, 2017)
" Here we describe a case of lactic acidosis in the setting of thiamine deficiency thought to be secondary to advanced lung cancer."	3.85	Consideration of alternative causes of lactic acidosis: Thiamine deficiency in malignancy. ( Dean, RK; Gill, D; Nat, A; Subedi, R, 2017)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is a rare neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, characterised by ocular motor dysfunction, ataxia and impairment in consciousness."	3.85	Wernickeâ€™s encephalopathy associated with liver abscess. ( Garg, V; Verma, R, 2017)
"Thiamine deficiency is thought to be an issue in Cambodia and throughout Southeast Asia due to frequent clinical reports of infantile beriberi."	3.85	High prevalence of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in early childhood among a nationally representative sample of Cambodian women of childbearing age and their children. ( Berger, J; Chamnan, C; Dijkhuizen, MA; Green, TJ; Hong, R; Karakochuk, CD; Kuong, K; Smith, G; Sophonneary, P; Whitfield, KC; Wieringa, FT, 2017)
"Objectives The objective of this study was to determine disease progression, association between neurological signs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and long-term outcome in feline thiamine deficiency associated with defective dry food."	3.85	Outbreak of thiamine deficiency in cats associated with the feeding of defective dry food. ( Chang, YP; Chiu, PY; Lin, CT; Liu, CH; Liu, IH, 2017)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is increasingly recognized in medically ill patients."	3.85	High rate of thiamine deficiency among inpatients with cancer referred for psychiatric consultation: results of a single site prevalence study. ( Alici, Y; Breitbart, W; Isenberg-Grzeda, E; Nelson, C; Shen, MJ; Wills, J, 2017)
"Intensive insulin therapy does not appear to cause or worsen thiamine deficiency."	3.85	Thiamine Levels During Intensive Insulin Therapy in Critically Ill Patients. ( de Vos, R; Hofhuis, JGM; Kamphuis, S; Reijnders, MGJ; Spronk, PE; van Snippenburg, W, 2017)
" We herein present a case of biguanide-associated severe lactic acidosis complicated with thiamine deficiency that was provoked without predisposing factors for thiamine deficiency."	3.85	The Dramatic Recovery of a Patient with Biguanide-associated Severe Lactic Acidosis Following Thiamine Supplementation. ( Fujita, M; Godo, S; Kudo, D; Kushimoto, S; Nomura, R; Shimokawa, H; Yoshida, Y, 2017)
"Acute life threatening metabolic acidosis in exclusively breast fed infants due to thiamine deficiency is not described."	3.83	Thiamine responsive acute life threatening metabolic acidosis in exclusively breast-fed infants. ( Ahmad, K; Ali, I; Altaf, U; Iqbal, J; Mir, Z; Qureshi, UA; Sami, A; Wani, NA, 2016)
"Intravenous administration of thiamine resulted in recovery from the delirium within three days."	3.83	Early detection and successful treatment of Wernicke encephalopathy in a patient with advanced carcinoma of the external genitalia during chemotherapy. ( Akechi, T; Fujiwara, K; Ikebuchi, K; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Taji, Y; Tanahashi, I; Toyama, H, 2016)
" Brain lesions were likely the result of thiamine deficiency (Chastek paralysis), which can be associated with both malnutrition and liver disease."	3.83	Polioencephalomalacia and Heart Failure Secondary to Presumptive Thiamine Deficiency, Hepatic Lipidosis, and Starvation in 2 Abandoned Siamese Cats. ( Anholt, H; Britton, A; Himsworth, C, 2016)
"Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a medical emergency caused by thiamine deficiency, characterized by cerebellar ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and cognitive disturbances that may progress to Korsakoff amnesia."	3.83	Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Wernicke Encephalopathy: Report of 2 Cases. ( Barletta, L; Castellan, L; Fancellu, R; Infante, MT; Murialdo, A; Serrati, C, 2016)
"The prevalence of thiamine deficiency in heart failure (HF) patients has been reported to be as high as 50% in outpatient settings and has been found to be as high as 96% in the inpatient setting."	3.83	Prevalence of thiamine deficiency in a stable heart failure outpatient cohort on standard loop diuretic therapy. ( Miller, WL; Teigen, LM; Twernbold, DD, 2016)
"The 3 cases demonstrated the rapidity of the reversal of severe thiamine deficiency, achieved by appropriate replacement in different hospitalized patients."	3.81	Rapid reversal of severe lactic acidosis after thiamine administration in critically ill adults: a report of 3 cases. ( Abramo, A; Forfori, F; Giacalone, M; Giunta, F; Iacconi, P; Martinelli, R; Pavoni, V; Rubino, A, 2015)
"Thiamine deficiency has been documented in adults with diabetes and in a single report of reversible encephalopathy in a child with diabetic ketoacidosis."	3.81	Low thiamine levels in children with type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis: a pilot study. ( Clark, JA; Lieh-Lai, M; Rosner, EA; Strezlecki, KD, 2015)
"Patients with suspected thiamine deficiency should receive treatment with parenteral thiamine to achieve the high serum thiamine levels necessary to reverse the effects of deficiency and to circumvent problems with absorption common in the medically ill."	3.81	Thiamine prescribing practices within university-affiliated hospitals: a multicenter retrospective review. ( Bates, D; Cheung, A; Curley, K; Day, GS; Farb, NA; Ferland, A; Fernandes, N; Jansen, S; Ladak, S; Lowe, D; Martin del Campo, C; Masiowski, P; Methot, L; Neville, HL; Pringsheim, T; Ritchie, M, 2015)
" Although WE is commonly viewed in the context of alcoholism, it can be caused by thiamine deficiency secondary to persistent vomiting."	3.81	Encephalopathy after persistent vomiting: Three cases of non-alcohol-related Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Antel, K; Chisholm, B; Heckmann, JM; Singh, N, 2015)
"Thiamine deficiency is common in tachypnoeic Cambodian infants, but routine clinical assessments do not accurately identify those with low blood TDP concentrations."	3.81	Thiamine deficiency in tachypnoeic Cambodian infants. ( Cheryk, LA; Daly, L; Enders, F; Fischer, PR; Kea, S; Keating, EM; Kumar, V; Kuong, S; Nget, P; Phearom, S; Topazian, M, 2015)
"A female child presented with Leber's congenital amaurosis at 10 months of age, later diagnosed with hearing impairment at 1 year, diabetes mellitus and megaloblastic anemia at 3 and a half years of age and hence as a case of thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia."	3.80	Leber's congenital amaurosis as the retinal degenerative phenotype in thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia: a case report. ( Arokiasamy, T; Meenakshi, S; Murali, K; Soumittra, N; Srikrupa, NN, 2014)
"Thiamine functions as an important cofactor in aerobic metabolism and thiamine deficiency can contribute to lactic acidosis."	3.80	The relationship between lactate and thiamine levels in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. ( Berg, K; Donnino, MW; Gautam, S; Giberson, T; Graver, A; Liu, X; Moskowitz, A; Uber, A, 2014)
"In a previous study on fatigue and related disorders in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we observed that IBD patients improved after treatment with high-dose thiamine."	3.80	Thiamine and Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a report of three cases. ( Costantini, A; Pala, MI, 2014)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is an acute, potentially life-threatening, neurological syndrome resulting from thiamine deficiency."	3.80	[Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by the use of diet pills and unbalanced diet]. ( Aradi, G; Arányi, Z; Bereczki, D; Tóth, A; Várallyay, G; Vastagh, I, 2014)
"Thiamine deficiency is recognized in varied parts of the world."	3.80	[Thiamine deficiency in infants: a case report]. ( Acar, P; Alcouffe, F; Cascarigny, F; Charpentier, S; Cinq-Frais, C; Dulac, Y; Gangloff, C; Moulin, P; Periquet, B; Peyre, M; Seguela, PE, 2014)
"In this study we examined the impacts of in vivo thiamine deficiency on lake trout leukocyte function measured in vitro."	3.80	In vitro immune functions in thiamine-replete and -depleted lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). ( Densmore, CL; Honeyfield, DC; Iwanowicz, LR; Ottinger, CA, 2014)
"This patient illustrates that eating disorders can be an uncommon cause of rapidly progressive paresthesias, weakness, and neurological decline due to thiamine deficiency."	3.80	Thiamine deficiency secondary to anorexia nervosa: an uncommon cause of peripheral neuropathy and Wernicke encephalopathy in adolescence. ( Evans, PA; Marin-Valencia, I; Renthal, W, 2014)
" Since Wernicke's encephalopathy is induced by thiamine deficiency, investigations were conducted to probe possible mechanisms through which fedratinib may lead to a thiamine-deficient state."	3.80	The Janus kinase 2 inhibitor fedratinib inhibits thiamine uptake: a putative mechanism for the onset of Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Behshad, E; Boer, J; Burn, T; Collier, P; Diamond, S; Gardiner, C; Harris, JJ; Hollis, G; Li, Y; Liu, P; Rupar, M; Wynn, R; Yeleswaram, S; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Y, 2014)
"A previous study on fatigue and related disorders in inflammatory bowel disease, patients improved after therapy with high-dose thiamine."	3.80	High-dose thiamine improves fatigue after stroke: a report of three cases. ( Careddu, P; Catalano, ML; Costantini, A; Notarangelo, C; Pala, MI, 2014)
"Wernicke encephalopathy is rare in children and is caused by thiamine deficiency."	3.80	Wernicke encephalopathy due to thiamine deficiency after surgery on a child with duodenal stenosis. ( Akkuş, PZ; Arslan, EA; Ekinci, S; Göçmen, R; Haliloğlu, G, 2014)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is an acute neurological disorder resulting from thiamine deficiency mainly related to alcohol abuse."	3.80	Wernicke's encephalopathy in a malnourished surgical patient: a difficult diagnosis. ( Bonvecchio, C; Busani, S; Cautero, N; Gaspari, A; Girardis, M; Malagoli, M; Todeschini, A, 2014)
"Korsakoff syndrome is a chronic form of amnesia resulting from thiamine deficiency."	3.80	Need for early diagnosis of mental and mobility changes in Wernicke encephalopathy. ( Beuman, C; Bresser, EL; Gerridzen, IJ; Mulder, CL; Oudman, E; van de Wiel, A; Wijnia, JW, 2014)
"The present investigation evaluates the changes in the levels of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonyl content (PCC) in brain mitochondria following thiamine deficiency (TD)."	3.79	Thiamine deficiency induces oxidative stress in brain mitochondria of Mus musculus. ( Bist, R; Bubber, P; Sharma, A, 2013)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) is an autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by early-onset anemia, diabetes, and hearing loss caused by mutations in the SLC19A2 gene."	3.79	Identification of a SLC19A2 nonsense mutation in Persian families with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia. ( Ellard, S; Haghighi, A; Saleh-Gohari, N; Setoodeh, A, 2013)
" Some observations indicate that all symptoms of FRDA ataxia could be the manifestation of a thiamine deficiency because of enzymatic abnormalities."	3.79	High-dose thiamine improves the symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia. ( Costantini, A; D'Agostino, S; Giorgi, R; Pala, MI, 2013)
" Both cats were diagnosed with thiamine deficiency."	3.79	Clinical signs, MRI features, and outcomes of two cats with thiamine deficiency secondary to diet change. ( Kang, MH; Moon, SJ; Park, HM, 2013)
"Results of analyses in this study confirmed a diagnosis of thiamine deficiency for affected seals resulting from high thiaminase activity in dietary fish, inadequate vitamin administration, and increased thiamine demand caused by pregnancy and lactation."	3.79	Clinical evaluation and biochemical analyses of thiamine deficiency in Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) maintained at a zoological facility. ( Croft, L; Gearhart, S; Giulivi, C; Heym, K; Hung, CK; Lin, A; Napoli, E; Puschner, B; Sakaguchi, D; St Leger, J; Wong, S, 2013)
" Pair-feeding treatments controlled malnutrition related to thiamine deficiency; (vi) prenatal pair-fed (PF) dams; (vii) perinatal PF dams; (viii) postnatal PF dams and included also the control of alcohol consummation: (ix) PF saccharose dams."	3.79	Perinatal thiamine deficiency-induced spontaneous abortion and pup-killing responses in rat dams. ( Bâ, A, 2013)
"Thiamine has been hypothesized to play an important role in mental health; however, few studies have investigated the association between thiamine nutritional status and depression in the general population."	3.79	Thiamine nutritional status and depressive symptoms are inversely associated among older Chinese adults. ( Chen, H; Ding, H; Ke, Z; Li, H; Lin, X; Ye, X; Zhang, G, 2013)
"Thiamine deficiency in patients who abuse alcohol can cause Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE)."	3.79	A novel scoring system to guide risk assessment of Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Green, A; Parker, R; Williams, TM, 2013)
"The aim of this report is to call attention to a poorly recognised cause of pulmonary hypertension, thiamine deficiency."	3.79	Thiamine-responsive pulmonary hypertension. ( Asakura, T; Ikeda, M; Kanda, J; Kodera, S, 2013)
"To demonstrate that fatigue and other disorders related to ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the manifestation of an intracellular mild thiamine deficiency and not due to malabsorbtion, augmented requirements, or nutritional factors, and that this dysfunction is curable with high doses of thiamine administered orally or parenterally."	3.79	Thiamine and fatigue in inflammatory bowel diseases: an open-label pilot study. ( Costantini, A; Pala, MI, 2013)
" A thorough physical examination was performed, and the patient had neurologic findings suggestive of severe thiamine deficiency."	3.78	Wernicke's encephalopathy presenting as acute psychosis after gastric bypass. ( Kepner, A; Walker, J, 2012)
"Blood thiamine, mammillary bodies, fiber bundle fractional anisotropy and volume of major fiber tracts were quantified from acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure patients and compared with healthy controls."	3.78	Thiamine deficiency related microstructural brain changes in acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure of non-alcoholic etiology. ( Gupta, RK; Rangan, M; Rathore, RK; Saraswat, VA; Srivastava, A; Trivedi, R; Yachha, SK; Yadav, A; Yadav, SK, 2012)
" This case report was the first published study to identify acute thiamine deficiency with cardiopathy and metabolic acidosis occurring in adult patients receiving vitamin-free PN."	3.78	Case report of acute thiamine deficiency occurring as a complication of vitamin-free parenteral nutrition. ( Ferrie, S, 2012)
"Wernicke encephalopathy secondary to thiamine deficiency should be considered as a possible cause of acute mental status changes in patients with acute pancreatitis and malnutrition."	3.78	Wernicke encephalopathy presenting in a patient with severe acute pancreatitis. ( Arana-Guajardo, AC; Cámara-Lemarroy, CR; Galarza-Delgado, DA; Góngora-Rivera, JF; Jáquez-Quintana, JO; Rendón-Ramírez, EJ, 2012)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a reversible neurological emergency caused by thiamine deficiency."	3.78	Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by hyperemesis gravidarum. ( Delgado-García, S; Martín-Bayón, T; Martínez-Escoriza, JC; Palacios-Marqués, A, 2012)
"A Medline search using the terms 'thiamine deficiency' and 'formula' or 'feeding' without year limit identified relevant published data on that event."	3.78	Thiamine-deficient infant formula: what happened and what have we learned? ( Shamir, R, 2012)
"In a case-control study, thiamine diphosphate (TDP) blood concentrations were measured in 27 infants diagnosed with beriberi at a rural clinic, as well as their mothers and healthy Cambodian and American controls."	3.78	Thiamine deficiency in Cambodian infants with and without beriberi. ( Begley, TP; Coats, D; Cooper, LE; Enders, F; Fischer, PR; Khun, V; Moyer, TP; Ou, K; Prou, C; Seab, S; Shelton-Dodge, K; Sok, K; Topazian, M; Tortorelli, S, 2012)
"The results suggest differential actions of alcohol and thiamine deficiency on cellular genesis in the rat retina."	3.78	Paradoxical effects of alcohol and thiamine deficiency on the eye opening in rat pups. ( Bâ, A, 2012)
"The thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes mellitus, megaloblastic anemia and sensorineural hearing loss due to mutations in SLC 19A2 that encodes a thiamine transporter protein."	3.78	Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome: a novel mutation. ( Aycan, Z; Bas, VN; Onder, A; Peltek Kendirci, HN; Yilmaz Agladioglu, S, 2012)
"Thiamine deficiency has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes."	3.77	Low blood thiamine concentrations in children upon admission to the intensive care unit: risk factors and prognostic significance. ( Leite, HP; Lima, LF; Taddei, JA, 2011)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia (TRMA; OMIM 249270) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes mellitus, megaloblastic anaemia, and sensorineural deafness."	3.77	Does early treatment prevent deafness in thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome? ( Akın, L; Akın, MA; Karakükçü, M; Kendirci, M; Kurtoğlu, S, 2011)
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (also called Wernicke's encephalopathy) is a potentially fatal, neuropsychiatric syndrome caused most frequently by thiamine deficiency."	3.77	Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in the course of thyrotoxicosis - a case report. ( Kajdaniuk, D; Marek, B; Sędziak, R; Wierzbicka-Chmiel, J; Wierzbicki, K, 2011)
"This study explored the effect of thiamine deficiency during early infancy on the development of syntax and lexical retrieval."	3.77	The crucial role of thiamine in the development of syntax and lexical retrieval: a study of infantile thiamine deficiency. ( Fattal, I; Fattal-Valevski, A; Friedmann, N, 2011)
"Thiamine deficiency in cats frequently leads to a dysfunction of the central nervous system including vestibular signs with fatal outcome in untreated cases."	3.77	[Measurement of thiamine concentration in the cat using high pressure liquid chromatography]. ( Höltershinken, M; Leithäuser, C; Schenk, HC; Tipold, A, 2011)
"To report on two children with encephalopathy caused by dietary thiamine deficiency due to newly developing nutritional problems in contemporary Japan."	3.76	Thiamine-deficient encephalopathy due to excessive intake of isotonic drink or overstrict diet therapy in Japanese children. ( Hayashi, H; Honda, T; Katori, N; Komaki, H; Miyahara, Y; Nakagawa, E; Saeki, K; Saito, Y; Sakakibra, T; Sakuma, H; Sasaki, M; Sugai, K, 2010)
" Thiamine deficiency (TD) in rats is a model for the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to selective neuronal loss caused by chronic oxidative deficits."	3.76	Neurodegeneration in thiamine deficient rats-A longitudinal MRI study. ( Assaf, Y; Biton, IE; Dror, V; Eliash, S; Fattal-Valevski, A; Rehavi, M, 2010)
"Thiamine deficiency leads to various manifestations due to dysfunction of nervous or cardiovascular system, commonly known as dry and wet beriberi, respectively."	3.76	Cardiac beriberi: often a missed diagnosis. ( Chandak, GR; Rao, SN, 2010)
"Maternal thiamine deficiency causes changes in cellular energy metabolism that can interfere with offspring brain development."	3.76	Maternal thiamine restriction during lactation induces cognitive impairments and changes in glutamate and GABA concentrations in brain of rat offspring. ( de Freitas-Silva, DM; Franco, GC; Pereira, SR; Resende, Lde S; Ribeiro, AM, 2010)
"We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with thiamine deficiency who showed auditory hallucinations, a delusion of persecution, catatonic stupor, and catalepsy but no neurological symptoms including oculomotor or gait disturbance."	3.76	[A case of thiamine deficiency with psychotic symptoms--blood concentration of thiamine and response to therapy]. ( Atsuta, H; Ishikawa, H; Kurumaji, A; Nishikawa, T; Oshima, K; Sasaki, T; Takeuchi, T; Yamamoto, N; Yoshiike, T; Yukizane, T, 2010)
"The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of absolute thiamine deficiency (TD) in critically ill patients with sepsis and to examine the association between thiamine levels and lactic acidosis."	3.76	Thiamine deficiency in critically ill patients with sepsis. ( Barbash, I; Carney, E; Chase, M; Chou, PP; Cocchi, MN; Donnino, MW; Joyce, N; Ngo, L, 2010)
"Thiamine (vitamin B(1)) is an essential component of a number of metabolic pathways and thiamine deficiency results in a progressive encephalopathy in both humans and animals."	3.76	Thiamine deficiency in a cat: resolution of MRI abnormalities following thiamine supplementation. ( Cherubini, GB; Jakovljevic, S; Palus, V; Penderis, J, 2010)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome usually associated with diabetes mellitus, anemia and deafness, due to mutations in SLC19A2, encoding a thiamine transporter protein."	3.76	Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome. ( Bay, A; Dai, A; Gumruk, F; Hizli, S; Keskin, M; Uygun, H, 2010)
"As thiamine status of ruminants is adversely affected by rumen acidity, this study investigated whether or not thiamine deficiency occurs in feedlot cattle fed a high concentrate diet."	3.76	Thiamine status of feedlot cattle fed a high-concentrate diet. ( Dabak, M; Karapinar, T; Kizil, O, 2010)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is a syndrome characterized by ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and confusion with thiamine deficiency."	3.76	[Familial Wernicke's-like encephalopathy]. ( Kono, S; Miyajima, H, 2010)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute disorder due to thiamine deficiency, characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and mental confusion, similar to that classically observed in alcoholism."	3.75	Wernicke's syndrome during parenteral feeding: not an unusual complication. ( Brocadello, F; Caregaro, L; Francini-Pesenti, F; Laroni, A; Manara, R; Santelli, L, 2009)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) or thiamine deficiency is fatal if left untreated."	3.75	[Case of infantile autism with pediatric Wernicke's encephalopathy due to severe eating disorder]. ( Aiba, H; Hirano, K; Okumura, Y; Watanabe, S; Yamakura, S, 2009)
" Chronic alcoholism is usually associated with thiamine deficiency (TD) which is known to induce selective neurodegeneration in the brain."	3.75	Ethanol promotes thiamine deficiency-induced neuronal death: involvement of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase. ( Fan, Z; Ke, ZJ; Luo, J; Wang, X, 2009)
"The present study attempts to determine whether prenatal thiamine (B1 vitamin) deficiency and prenatal alcohol exposure are risk factors for stillbirths."	3.75	Alcohol and B1 vitamin deficiency-related stillbirths. ( Bâ, A, 2009)
"To report the follow-up findings of 7 children with severe epilepsy as a result of thiamine deficiency in infancy caused by a defective soy-based formula."	3.75	Epilepsy in children with infantile thiamine deficiency. ( Bloch-Mimouni, A; Brezner, A; Fattal-Valevski, A; Goldberg-Stern, H; Heyman, E; Inbar, D; Kivity, S; Kramer, U; Strausberg, R, 2009)
" Wernicke's encephalopathy is an acute, neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from thiamine deficiency, and has significant morbidity and mortality."	3.75	A case of Wernicke's encephalopathy following fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. ( Chang, HJ; Cho, IJ; Choi, MY; Lee, KE; Lee, SN; Mun, YC; Nam, EM; Seong, CM; Won, HS, 2009)
" A diagnosis of beriberi heart disease was made because of thiamine deficiency."	3.75	[Case of Wernicke's encephalopathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord due to vitamin deficiency showing changes in the bilateral corpus striatum and cardiac arrest due to beriberi heart disease]. ( Ishiko, T; Nanri, K; Saito, H; Taguchi, T; Takeguchi, M, 2009)
"Diet-related thiamine deficiency increases the acute mortality, known as early mortality syndrome, of salmonines from some of the Great Lakes."	3.75	Influence of thiamine deficiency on lake trout larval growth, foraging, and predator avoidance. ( Brown, LR; Brown, SB; Fitzsimons, JD; Honeyfield, DC; Moore, K; Tillitt, DE; Williston, B; Williston, G, 2009)
"Thiamine deficiency may present four classic clinical forms: peripheral polyneuropathy, anorexia and muscular weakness (dry beriberi); high output heart failure with signs of congestion (wet beriberi); beriberi associated with shock (Shoshin beriberi) and Wernicke's encephalopathy."	3.74	Thiamin deficiency as a cause of reversible cor pulmonale. ( Azevedo, PS; Coelho, LS; Hueb, JC; Minicucci, MF; Paiva, SA; Zornoff, LA, 2008)
" A significant minority (15%) of patients have thiamine deficiency; its clinical significance is unclear."	3.74	Vitamin deficiencies in acutely intoxicated patients in the ED. ( Feng, J; Jacob, J; Kulkarni, M; Li, SF, 2008)
" The condition was diagnosed as beriberi and Korsakov's syndrome, on the basis of thiamine deficiency."	3.74	[Thiamine deficiency caused by malnutrition: a rare cause?]. ( Hoek, HW; Jong Baw, PG; van Veen, MM, 2008)
"It has been proposed that thiamine deficiency after gastric bypass surgery in obese patients results from prolonged nausea and emesis."	3.74	Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and thiamine deficiency after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in obese patients. ( Alexander, K; Finelli, FC; Kirkpatrick, JR; Koch, TR; Lakhani, SV; Shah, HN, 2008)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is characterized by lesions in thalamus, hypothalamus (including mammillary nuclei), and inferior colliculi, results in serious disabilities, has an etiology of thiamine deficiency, is treatable with thiamine, and occurs most commonly with alcoholism."	3.74	Development and resolution of brain lesions caused by pyrithiamine- and dietary-induced thiamine deficiency and alcohol exposure in the alcohol-preferring rat: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. ( Adalsteinsson, E; Bell, RL; Pfefferbaum, A; Sullivan, EV, 2007)
" Thiamine deficiency can cause reversible pulmonary hypertension, and it must be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with high risk of nutritional deficiency."	3.74	Thiamine deficiency as a rare cause of reversible severe pulmonary hypertension. ( Choi, SW; Jeong, JO; Lee, JH; Park, JH; Seong, IW, 2007)
" Since dietary thiamine deficiency (TD) in mice is considered as a putative model of WKS, it was used in the present study to investigate the function of serotonergic neurons in this disorder."	3.74	Enhanced head-twitch response to 5-HT-related agonists in thiamine-deficient mice. ( Arai, Y; Mitazaki, S; Murata, A; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Ohba, A; Tadano, T; Tan-No, K; Wakui, K, 2007)
"Abnormalities in oxidative metabolism and reductions of thiamine-dependent enzymes accompany many age-related neurodegenerative diseases."	3.74	Changes in inflammatory processes associated with selective vulnerability following mild impairment of oxidative metabolism. ( Gibson, GE; Karuppagounder, SS; Shi, Q; Xu, H, 2007)
"Recent evidence suggests that alterations in oxidative metabolism induced by thiamine deficiency lead to neuronal cell death."	3.74	Thiamine deficiency caused by thiamine antagonists triggers upregulation of apoptosis inducing factor gene expression and leads to caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in neuronally differentiated rat PC-12 cells. ( Chorna, N; Chornyy, S; Parkhomenko, J, 2007)
"Long-term thiamine deficiency has been largely documented, whilst little is known about effects of short-term depletion/repletion periods on thiamine vitamers status."	3.74	Restoration of thiamine status with white or whole wheat bread in a thiamine-depleted rat model. ( Batifoulier, F; Besson, C; Chanliaud, E; Demigné, C; Rémésy, C; Verny, MA, 2007)
" Three of 21 impaired Lake Griffin alligators were found to have neural lesions characteristic of thiamine deficiency in the telencephalon, particularly the dorsal ventricular ridge."	3.74	Pathology, physiologic parameters, tissue contaminants, and tissue thiamine in morbid and healthy central Florida adult American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). ( Carbonneau, DA; Hinterkopf, JP; Honeyfield, DC; Perceval, HF; Ross, JP; Schoeb, TR; Terrell, SP; Woodward, AR, 2008)
"Neuropathy with non-alcoholic thiamine deficiency is reported in the literature, but bladder disorders are rarely detailed."	3.73	[Neuropathy with non-alcoholic thiamine deficiency: two cases of bladder disorders]. ( Mazevet, D; Perrigot, M; Vassilev, K, 2005)
" All were assessed with the erythrocyte transketolase activity assay, wherein the extent of thiamine deficiency is expressed in percentage stimulation compared with baseline (thiamine pyrophosphate effect [TPPE])."	3.73	Outbreak of life-threatening thiamine deficiency in infants in Israel caused by a defective soy-based formula. ( Eshel, G; Fattal-Valevski, A; Globus, O; Hoffmann, C; Kesler, A; Mesterman, R; Nitzan-Kaluski, D; Rotstein, M; Sela, BA; Stolovitch, C; Toledano-Alhadef, H, 2005)
"Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome (TRMA) is the association of diabetes mellitus, anaemia and deafness, due to mutations in SLC19A2, encoding a thiamine transporter protein."	3.73	Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome: long-term follow-up and mutation analysis of seven families. ( Ariyawansa, I; Barrett, TG; Lo, IF; Minton, JA; Ricketts, CJ; Samuel, J; Wales, JK, 2006)
"Tenderness in the limb muscles has been reported anecdotally in patients with beriberi neuropathy, but clinical effects of thiamine deficiency on skeletal muscle have received little attention."	3.73	Myopathy in thiamine deficiency: analysis of a case. ( Hattori, N; Iijima, M; Inukai, A; Koike, H; Mori, K; Sobue, G; Watanabe, H, 2006)
" We present a case of thiamine deficiency-induced coma associated with acute necrosis of fornices documented on CT and review cardinal neuroimaging features of Wernicke encephalopathy."	3.73	Computed tomography findings in thiamine deficiency-induced coma. ( St Louis, EK; Swenson, AJ, 2006)
"Malignancy-associated primary thiamine deficiency has been documented in several experimental tumors, clinical case reports, and in patients with fast growing malignancies."	3.73	Development of Wernicke encephalopathy in a terminally ill cancer patient consuming an adequate diet: a case report and review of the literature. ( Kawanishi, C; Okuno, S; Onishi, H; Yae, S, 2005)
"Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by abnormalities in oxidative processes, region-selective neuron loss, and diminished thiamine-dependent enzymes."	3.72	Reversal of thiamine deficiency-induced neurodegeneration. ( DeGiorgio, LA; Gibson, GE; Ke, ZJ; Volpe, BT, 2003)
"Pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (TD) is a well-established model of Wernicke's encephalopathy in which a glutamate-mediated excitotoxic mechanism may play an important role in determining selective vulnerability."	3.72	Thiamine deficiency results in downregulation of the GLAST glutamate transporter in cultured astrocytes. ( Hazell, AS; Pannunzio, P; Pow, DV; Rama Rao, KV; Rambaldi, A, 2003)
"Selective vulnerability to thiamine deficiency is known to occur between individuals and within different tissues."	3.72	Gene-environment interactions in wet beriberi: effects of thiamine depletion in CD36-defect rats. ( Kintaka, T; Kitaura, Y; Kono, T; Mishima, T; Sohmiya, K; Tanaka, T; Terasaki, F, 2003)
" A rodent model of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS), acute pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD), produces diencephalic damage and impairments of memory similar to what is seen in WKS patients."	3.72	Age-related vulnerability to diencephalic amnesia produced by thiamine deficiency: the role of time of insult. ( Pitkin, SR; Savage, LM, 2004)
" Thiamine deficiency was documented by a high thiamine pyrophosphate effect."	3.72	Reversal of refractory congestive heart failure after thiamine supplementation: report of a case and review of literature. ( Mendoza, CE; Rodriguez, F; Rosenberg, DG, 2003)
"Acute thiamine deficiency, an uncommon cause of hemodynamic instability in Western countries, may be manifested by acute heart failure and neurological deficits."	3.72	Fatal metabolic acidosis caused by thiamine deficiency. ( Gurman, GM; Klein, M; Weksler, N, 2004)
"Beriberi, thiamine deficiency, is classified as "dry" (neurologic) or "wet" (cardiovascular) and may be mixed."	3.72	Occidental beriberi and sudden death. ( Betrosian, AP; Papadimitriou, K; Sevastos, N; Thireos, E; Toutouzas, K; Zabaras, P, 2004)
"Imaging studies indicate that cerebral edema is an important consequence of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), a disorder caused by thiamine deficiency (TD)."	3.72	Primary cultures of rat astrocytes respond to thiamine deficiency-induced swelling by downregulating aquaporin-4 levels. ( Butterworth, RF; Chan, H; Hazell, AS, 2004)
"Thiamine (vitamin B1) is required in the diet of animals, and thiamine deficiency leads to diseases such as beri-beri and the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome."	3.72	Thiamine pyrophosphate biosynthesis and transport in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ( de Jong, L; Dent, J; Hekimi, S; Meng, Y, 2004)
"Thiamine deficiency has been linked to early mortality syndrome in salmonids in the Great Lakes."	3.72	Organochlorine pesticides and thiamine in eggs of largemouth bass and American alligators and their relationship with early life-stage mortality. ( Gross, TS; Hinterkopf, JP; Honeyfield, DC; Johnson, WE; Rauschenberger, HR; Sepúlveda, MS; Wiebe, JJ, 2004)
"We report the case of a male patient with severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure caused by thiamine deficiency."	3.71	Severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure due to thiamine deficiency. ( Arisawa, H; Fukuuchi, F; Handa, S; Homma, Y; Ozawa, H, 2001)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy, a serious neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, is most commonly found in chronic alcoholics."	3.71	Wernicke's encephalopathy in a non-alcoholic man: case report and brief review. ( Ameh, J; Hussain, SA; Munir, A; Rosner, F; Sondhi, D, 2001)
"To determine the clinicopathologic features and pathogenesis of alcoholic polyneuropathy associated with pain in patients with normal thiamine status, particularly in comparison to beriberi neuropathy."	3.71	Painful alcoholic polyneuropathy with predominant small-fiber loss and normal thiamine status. ( Hattori, N; Hirayama, M; Ito, H; Koike, H; Misu, K; Mori, K; Sobue, G, 2001)
"We produced thiamine deficiency by treating mice with a thiamine deficient (TD) diet, but not with pyrithiamine, a thiamine antagonist."	3.71	Antinociceptive effect following dietary-induced thiamine deficiency in mice: involvement of substance P and somatostatin. ( Arai, Y; Asao, T; Hozumi, S; Kinemuchi, H; Kisara, K; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Tadano, T; Tan-No, K; Taniguchi, R; Yasuhara, H, 2001)
" Although thiamine deficiency is a possible cause of this neuropathy, the pathogenesis still remains to be clarified."	3.71	Postgastrectomy polyneuropathy with thiamine deficiency. ( Hattori, N; Hirayama, M; Ichimura, M; Ito, H; Ito, S; Koike, H; Misu, K; Nagamatsu, M; Sasaki, I; Sobue, G, 2001)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) is a model of chronic impairment of oxidative metabolism that leads to neurodegeneration."	3.71	Co-culture with astrocytes or microglia protects metabolically impaired neurons. ( Gibson, GE; Park, LC; Zhang, H, 2001)
" Thiamine supplementation during pregnancy was based on patient symptoms."	3.71	Postpartum thiamine deficiency in a Karen displaced population. ( Böhm, V; Changbumrung, S; Cho, T; Dubowitz, L; McGready, R; Munger, RG; Nosten, F; Sauberlich, HE; Simpson, JA; White, NJ, 2001)
"Thiamine deficiency is a common feature in chronic alcoholic patients, and its pathophysiology remains poorly understood."	3.71	Thiamine deficiency in hepatitis C virus and alcohol-related liver diseases. ( Delacoux, E; Erlinger, S; Hervé, C; Lévy, S, 2002)
"Lactic acidosis and thiamine deficiency were confirmed."	3.70	Lactic acidosis caused by thiamine deficiency in a pregnant alcoholic patient. ( Mukunda, BN, 1999)
"To determine if circadian clock function is affected by thiamine deficiency, the rhythm of locomotor (wheel-running) activity was measured in a murine model of dietary thiamine deficiency."	3.70	Altered circadian rhythmicity is an early sign of murine dietary thiamine deficiency. ( Bennett, MR; Schwartz, WJ, 1999)
"Prolonged furosemide treatment is associated with urinary loss of thiamine and thiamine deficiency in some patients with congestive heart failure and low dietary thiamine intake."	3.70	Urinary loss of thiamine is increased by low doses of furosemide in healthy volunteers. ( Almog, S; Ezra, D; Halkin, H; Lubetsky, A; Olchovsky, D; Rieck, J; Seligman, H, 1999)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurologic disorder due to a nutritional deficiency of thiamine, characterized by ocular palsies, ataxia, and altered mental activity."	3.70	A common cause of altered mental status occurring at an uncommon age. ( Decker, MJ; Isaacman, DJ, 2000)
"We studied two siblings with a mitochondrial myopathy, familial thiamine deficiency, and an A3243G mutation of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)."	3.70	Mitochondrial myopathy and familial thiamine deficiency. ( Higuchi, I; Naito, E; Nakagawa, M; Oizumi, K; Osame, M; Sato, Y, 2000)
"To determine the prevalence of thiamine deficiency in a high-risk group of elder emergency department (ED) patients who reside in nursing homes and need admission to the hospital, and to determine the effect of patients' diets on this prevalence."	3.70	Low plasma thiamine levels in elder patients admitted through the emergency department. ( Chu, J; Lee, DC; Satz, W; Silbergleit, R, 2000)
" Thiamine supplementation during pregnancy may be shown to be a safe preventive measure."	3.70	Thiamine supplementation to prevent induction of low birth weight by conventional therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus. ( Bakker, SJ; Gans, RO; ter Maaten, JC, 2000)
"Thiamine deficiency as a cause for an elevated serum lactate or lactate acidosis with or without cardiovascular failure may not be overlooked."	3.70	[Unclear lactate acidosis in a patient with heart failure under long-term diuretic therapy]. ( Duell, T; Hiddemann, W; Mittermüller, J, 2000)
"To determine the prevalence of plasma thiamine deficiency in patients referred to a memory disorder clinic and to compare plasma thiamine levels with red blood cell (RBC) thiamine levels."	3.69	Plasma and red blood cell thiamine deficiency in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type. ( Chen, MF; Gold, M; Johnson, K, 1995)
"A 57-year-old woman with Crow-Fukase syndrome presented thiamine deficiency and pulmonary hypertension of unknown etiology."	3.69	Thiamine deficiency and pulmonary hypertension in Crow-Fukase syndrome. ( Gohma, I; Hatta, K; Imanaka, T; Okura, H, 1995)
"Thiamine deficiency (TD) in rats produces lesions similar to those found in humans suffering from Wernicke's encephalopathy, an organic mental disorder associated with alcoholism."	3.69	In vivo localized proton NMR spectroscopy of thiamine-deficient rat brain. ( Holburn, GE; Lee, H; Martin, PR; Price, RR; Tarter, J; Weinstein, DD, 1995)
"Culture of neuroblastoma cells in a medium of low-thiamine concentration (6 nM) and in the presence of the transport inhibitor amprolium leads to the appearance of overt signs of necrosis; i."	3.69	Thiamine deficiency--induced partial necrosis and mitochondrial uncoupling in neuroblastoma cells are rapidly reversed by addition of thiamine. ( Bettendorff, L; Goessens, G; Grisar, T; Sluse, F; Wins, P, 1995)
"Changes in sensitivity to ethanol's rate-decreasing effects on operant performance were examined in control rats and cohorts that received diet-induced or diet+pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency."	3.69	Influence of thiamine on the behavioral sensitivity to ethanol. ( Briscoe, RJ; Gauvin, DV; Goulden, KL; Holloway, FA; Martin, PR; Russin, R; Wojnicki, FH, 1994)
"For observing chronological changes of biochemical and pathological aspects in experimental cerebrocortical necrosis, 14 sheep were given amprolium (600 mg/kg/day), and killed at various clinical stages."	3.69	Biochemical and pathological observations on sheep showing various clinical manifestations of experimental cerebrocortical necrosis. ( Hirano, K; Horino, R; Itabisashi, T, 1994)
"A number of mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of thiamine deficiency in the alcoholic."	3.69	Thiamine administration during chronic alcohol intake in pregnant and lactating rats: effects on the offspring neurobehavioural development. ( Bâ, A; Han, SH; Seri, BV, 1996)
"In two patients admitted to a geriatric ward cardiac failure was based on a thiamine deficiency (wet beri-beri)."	3.69	[Failure in self care and heart failure, thiamine deficiency in geriatric patients]. ( Bruijns, E; Jellesma-Eggenkamp, MJ; te Water, W, 1996)
"Clinical thiamine deficiency can occur in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) without thiamine supplementation."	3.69	Thiamine status in patients receiving long-term home parenteral nutrition. ( Klang, MG; Quesada, E; Schiano, TD; Scott, F; Shike, M; Tao, Y, 1996)
" After the first case, we suspected that thiamine deficiency might be responsible for this pathologic condition, Serum thiamine was proved to be < or = 196 nmol/L in 5 patients."	3.69	Clinical and biochemical aspects of thiamine treatment for metabolic acidosis during total parenteral nutrition. ( Fujii, K; Makuuchi, H; Mitomi, T; Nakasaki, H; Ohta, M; Soeda, J; Tajima, T; Tsuda, M, 1997)
"Mucosal biopsy specimens obtained by routine endoscopy from 108 human subjects, including one patient with thiamine deficiency, were incubated at 37 degrees C in oxygenated calcium-free Krebs-Ringer solution (pH 7."	3.69	Thiamine uptake in human intestinal biopsy specimens, including observations from a patient with acute thiamine deficiency. ( Alvisi, C; Faelli, A; Laforenza, U; Licandro, A; Patrini, C; Rindi, G, 1997)
"Rat heart cells in culture were found to be a unique model for studying biochemical and pharmacological aspects of thiamine deficiency."	3.69	Thiamine deficiency in cardiac cells in culture. ( Shainberg, A; Zangen, A, 1997)
"Excessive ruminal sulfide production is an important factor in the pathogenesis of PEM, without concurrent thiamine deficiency."	3.69	Evaluation of ruminal sulfide concentrations and seasonal outbreaks of polioencephalomalacia in beef cattle in a feedlot. ( Cummings, BA; Gould, DH; Loneragan, GH; McAllister, MM; Raisbeck, MF, 1997)
" In both patients acute Wernicke's encephalopathy was diagnosed, caused by thiamine deficiency."	3.69	[Eye paralysis and confusion]. ( Raasveld, MH; Romijn, JA, 1997)
"The current study measured extracellular fluid (ECF) levels of excitatory amino acids before and during the onset of thiamine deficiency-induced pathologic lesions."	3.68	Extracellular glutamate is increased in thalamus during thiamine deficiency-induced lesions and is blocked by MK-801. ( Langlais, PJ; Zhang, SX, 1993)
" In pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) content in all the areas was reduced to less than 13% of the control values on day 10, when the neurological signs developed."	3.68	Reappraisal of regional thiamine content in the central nervous system of the normal and thiamine-deficient mice. ( Harata, N; Iwasaki, Y; Ohara, Y, 1993)
"This study compared the thiamine status of 37 elderly patients admitted with cardiac failure (CF) with that of 35 unselected elderly patients with other diagnoses (Non-CF), and with that of 41 apparently healthy elderly people."	3.68	Thiamine status of elderly patients with cardiac failure. ( Falconer-Smith, JF; Ives, DR; Kwok, T; Potter, JF, 1992)
"Previous studies have shown that following an acute bout of pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) rats are impaired in learning appetitively and aversively motivated T-maze tasks."	3.68	Diencephalic lesions, learning impairments, and intact retrograde memory following acute thiamine deficiency in the rat. ( Langlais, PJ; Mair, RG; Mandel, RJ, 1992)
" 22 patients showed a moderate or severe thiamine deficiency."	3.68	[Thiamine deficiency and brain atrophy in alcoholic patients]. ( Bartels, M; Batra, A; Heimann, H; Mann, K; Schied, HW; Schroth, G; Stetter, F, 1991)
" Using the erythrocyte transketolase activation assay, we now report biochemical evidence of thiamine deficiency in 9/39 (23%) of patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex."	3.68	Thiamine deficiency and Wernicke's encephalopathy in AIDS. ( Bourgault, AM; Butterworth, RF; Gaudreau, C; Lamothe, F; Nutini, AM; Vincelette, J, 1991)
"Two patients aged 37 and 44 years developed life-threatening lactic acidosis following abdominal surgery and a period of about 3 weeks of total parenteral nutrition."	3.68	[Thiamine deficiency as a cause of life threatening lactic acidosis in total parenteral nutrition]. ( Asskali, F; Behne, M; Kessler, P; Klein, G; Lorenz, M; Probst, S; Steuer, A, 1991)
"To test the hypothesis that long-term furosemide therapy in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with clinically significant thiamine deficiency via urinary loss."	3.68	Thiamine deficiency in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy: a pilot study. ( Ezra, D; Halkin, H; Kaufmann, N; Motro, M; Rauchfleisch, S; Seligmann, H; Vered, Z, 1991)
"Rats that had recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) were trained on tasks motivated by escape from mild footshock."	3.68	Analysis of aversively conditioned learning and memory in rats recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Knoth, RL; Langlais, PJ; Mair, RG; Otto, TA; Rabchenuk, SA, 1991)
"Rats that had recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) were compared with controls for spatial, auditory, and olfactory serial reversal learning (SRL); spatial matching to sample (MTS); auditory go-no-go discrimination; and open-field exploration."	3.68	Impairment of olfactory, auditory, and spatial serial reversal learning in rats recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Knoth, RL; Langlais, PJ; Mair, RG; Rabchenuk, SA, 1991)
"Rats were trained for 1,345 spatial nonmatching-to-sample (NMTS) trials, matched, assigned to pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) or control treatments, recovered, and re-tested for 400 trials of NMTS."	3.68	Response latency and accuracy on a pretrained nonmatching-to-sample task in rats recovered from pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Knoth, RL; Mair, RG, 1991)
" Diagnosis of thiamine deficiency was made only when further complications had occurred."	3.68	[Vitamin B1 deficiency as cause of a severe lactic acidosis and ileus symptoms]. ( Hanssler, L; Klüting, N; Lange, R; Roll, C, 1991)
"The aim of our study was to answer the following questions: (1) is thiamine deficient in chronic excessive drinkers; and (2) is peripheral neuropathy associated with thiamine deficiency or with alcohol intake itself? We performed direct assays of blood concentrations of free thiamine and thiamine phosphate in excessive drinkers with or without peripheral neuropathy and in control subjects."	3.68	Blood thiamine and thiamine phosphate concentrations in excessive drinkers with or without peripheral neuropathy. ( Gervaise, G; Houin, G; Poupon, RE; Riant, P; Tillement, JP, 1990)
"The concentration of thiamine (vitamin B1) was measured in blood cells and plasma from mothers with normal pregnancy and from mothers whose pregnancy was complicated by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)."	3.68	Determination of thiamine (vitamin B1) in maternal blood during normal pregnancies and pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation. ( Heinze, T; Weber, W, 1990)
"Thiamine needs in pregnancy and lactation are known to be increased."	3.68	Effects of thiamine deficiency on thiamine-dependent enzymes in regions of the brain of pregnant rats and their offspring. ( Butterworth, RF; Fournier, H, 1990)
" Empirical treatment with thiamine proved to be a cure for the disorder, for it was acute pernicious or fulminating beriberi."	3.67	The severe lacticacidosis of thiamine deficiency: acute pernicious or fulminating beriberi. ( Campbell, CH, 1984)
"Despite the fact that thiamine deficiency neuropathy is increasing in incidence in our society, it remains an underdiagnosed disorder."	3.67	Thiamine deficiency neuropathy. It's still common today. ( Skelton, NK; Skelton, WP, 1989)
"By methods of light and electron microscopies, morphometric and stereologic analysis the effect of ethanol, thiamine deficiency diet and ethanol combined with B1 hypovitaminosis in 24 Wistar male-rats during 6 weeks was studied."	3.67	[Stereologic analysis of the myocardium in alcoholic cardiomyopathy]. ( Nepomniashchikh, LM; Semenov, DE; Semenova, LA, 1989)
"Thiamine deficiency is not uncommon in certain populations and clinical disease states such as Wernicke's encephalopathy or beriberi."	3.67	A toxicity study of parenteral thiamine hydrochloride. ( Murphy, F; Slovis, CM; Wrenn, KD, 1989)
"The relative efficacy of thiamine supplementation to sheep by injection, subcutaneous implant and orally administered protected thiamine bolus was compared in two experiments using a grass and hay ration and a ration containing bracken rhizomes to induce thiamine deficiency."	3.67	Comparison of three methods of thiamine supplementation by measurement of urinary thiamine excretion in sheep. ( Inglis, DM; Mian, DH; Mwangome, W; Walker, HF, 1989)
"Of 3 alcoholic patients with severe lactic acidosis, one had shoshin beriberi; the second--a beer drinker--presented with convulsions associated with hyponatraemia and complicated by rhabdomyolysis and was not thiamine-deficient; the third patient had convulsions associated with Korsakoff's syndrome and was thiamine-deficient."	3.67	[Lactic acidosis treated with thiamine. 3 cases]. ( Berthet, P; Delubac, G; Demingeon, G; Fay, D; Moraillon, X; Thomas, L, 1985)
"The effects of acute and subacute thiamine deficiency on jejunal and ileal epithelial cells were studied in rats, using crypt and villus cell population, crypt cell production per crypt (CCPC), crypt growth fraction (Ip) and crypt cell cycle time (Tc) as parameters."	3.67	Acute and subacute effects of thiamine deficiency on the morphometry and cell kinetics of jejunal and ileal epithelial cells. ( Cipriano, TC; Kajiwara, JK; Muccilo, G; Zucoloto, S, 1988)
"To clarify the influence of thiamine deficiency or a dietary excess of thiamine on the mineral balance in magnesium-deficient animals, the following six different synthetic diets were fed to Wistar rats."	3.67	Tissue minerals of magnesium-deficient rats with thiamine deficiency and excess. ( Itokawa, Y, 1987)
"Local CBF (LCBF) was determined in the same rat model and at the same intervals of thiamine deficiency and reversal as in previous studies of local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) and pH (LCpH)."	3.67	Effect of thiamine deficiency and its reversal on cerebral blood flow in the rat. Observations on the phenomena of hyperperfusion, "no reflow," and delayed hypoperfusion. ( Hakim, AM, 1986)
" We tested if thiamine deficiency may cause intrauterine growth retardation in rats."	3.67	Intrauterine growth retardation induced by thiamine deficiency and pyrithiamine during pregnancy in the rat. ( Comly, M; Levin, SW; Mukherjee, AB; Roecklein, B, 1985)
"A patient with Crohn's disease and long-standing diarrhea resulting in a combined thiamine and magnesium deficiency is presented."	3.67	Aggravation of thiamine deficiency by magnesium depletion. A case report. ( Dyckner, T; Ek, B; Nyhlin, H; Wester, PO, 1985)
" Such groups attach no importance to eating, setting the stage for dietary neglect and thiamine deficiency of which the W-K syndrome may be the end result."	3.67	The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in Queensland, Australia: antecedents and prevention. ( Price, J, 1985)
"The rapid improvement in the clinical manifestations of thiamine deficiency with thiamine supplementation is well known."	3.66	Metabolic and histological reversibility of thiamine deficiency. ( Carpenter, S; Hakim, AM; Pappius, HM, 1983)
" Initial evaluation revealed a thiamine deficiency."	3.66	Hypothermia in a patient with anorexia nervosa. ( Chu, R; Howard, L; Ovesen, L; Sackel, S; Smith, DK, 1983)
"The [14C]deoxyglucose technique was used to determine local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in the rat at various times in two models of thiamine deficiency: pyrithiamine administration in addition to dietary deprivation, and dietary deprivation alone."	3.66	Sequence of metabolic, clinical, and histological events in experimental thiamine deficiency. ( Hakim, AM; Pappius, HM, 1983)
" Another apparent metabolic cause of downbeat nystagmus is thiamine deficiency."	3.66	Downbeat nystagmus with magnesium depletion. ( Saul, RF; Selhorst, JB, 1981)
"To explore the role of thiamine deficiency in synaptic transmission, the high-affinity uptake and release systems for putative neurotransmitters were studied in synaptosomal preparations isolated from the telencephalon, hypothalamus, and cerebellum of rats made thiamine deficient by diet or pyrithiamine."	3.66	Thiamine deficiency: selective impairment of the cerebellar serotonergic system. ( Berl, S; Nicklas, WJ; Plaitakis, A, 1978)
"Thiamine deficiency caused a marked decrease of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (al-Pase) activity, but had no effect on the Ca++-ATPase activity and Ca++-absorption in rats."	3.66	Possible role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity in thiamine transport. ( Baba, A; Iwata, H; Matsuda, T, 1978)
"Blood levels of thiamine and ascorbic acid in chronic open-angle glaucoma are determined in this study."	3.66	Blood levels of thiamine and ascorbic acid in chronic open-angle glaucoma. ( Asregadoo, ER, 1979)
"Biochemical evidence of thiamine deficiency was found in 58% of patients with chronic liver disease, the incidence being higher in alcoholic than in non-alcoholic patients."	3.66	Red blood cell transketolase activity and the effect of thiamine supplementation in patients with chronic liver disease. ( Davis, M; Krasner, N; Labadarios, D; Rossouw, JE; Williams, R, 1978)
"Nine out of 24 patients with acute hepatocellular necrosis leading to fulminant hepatic failure showed biochemical evidence of thiamine deficiency early in the course of their illness, probably as a result of inadequate intake of the vitamin."	3.65	Thiamine deficiency in fulminant hepatic failure and effects of supplementation. ( Davis, M; Labadarios, D; McConnell, JB; Rossouw, JE; Williams, R, 1977)
"Milk composition was determined in rats maintained on a thiamine deficient diet from the 10th day of pregnancy."	3.65	Milk composition and thiamine transfer in thiamine deficient rats. ( Sklan, D; Trostler, N, 1977)
"C-6 glioma and C-1300 neuroblastoma cells were cultured in thiamine deficient and control media."	3.65	Glycolytic metabolism in cultured cells of the nervous system. IV. The effects of thiamine deficiency on thiamine levels, metabolites and thiamine-dependent enzymes on the C-6 glioma and C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines. ( McCandless, DW; Schwartz, JP, 1976)
"The authors report the results of studies on the thiamine and pyruvic acid content in the urine of 170 individuals (34 healthy persons and 136 patients with no union of fractures and pseudarthrosis)."	3.65	[Thiamine and pyruvic acid content in the urine of patients with ununited fractures and pseudarthroses]. ( Shamatov, NM; Tursunkhodzhaeva, MS; Zakirov, GN, 1976)
"The effect of thiamine deficiency on rat brain DNA and RNA synthesis was investigated."	3.65	Reversible impairment of cerebral DNA synthesis in thiamine deficiency. ( Henderson, GI; Schenker, S, 1975)
"The effects of thiamine deficiency and of the antithiamine drug pyrithiamine on the C-6 glioma and the C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines have been studied."	3.65	Glycolytic metabolism in cultured cells of the nervous system. III. The effects of thiamine deficiency and pyrithiamine on the C-6 glioma and C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines. ( Lust, WD; Passonneau, JV; Schwartz, JP; Shirazawa, R, 1975)
"As part of a systematic study of alcoholism and thiamine absorption, the effect of diet-induced thiamine deficiency and the role of the unstirred water layer on the thiamine transport were investigated."	3.65	Thiamine transport in thiamine-deficient rats. Role of the unstirred water layer. ( Hoyumpa, AM; Nichols, S; Schenker, S; Wilson, FA, 1976)
" Since thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor in the reaction, thiamine deficiency might be expected to result in tissue oxalosis."	3.65	Thiamine deficiency and oxalosis. ( Salyer, DC; Salyer, WR, 1974)
" Both patients responded dramatically to thiamine, and this emphasizes the importance of considering thiamine deficiency as a cause of heart failure even when the cardiac output is low."	3.65	Cardiac beriberi: two modes of presentation. ( McIntyre, N; Stanley, NN, 1971)
"Extracts of tissue fluids from a patient with subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy inhibit thiamine pyrophosphate-adenosine triphosphate phosphotransferase of rat brain."	3.65	Thiamine triphosphate deficiency in subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy. ( Cooper, JR; Itokawa, Y; Pincus, JH, 1969)
"While thiamine deficiency is commonly recognised in alcoholism, it can present in many other settings where it is often not considered and goes unrecognised."	3.01	Thiamine deficiency: a commonly unrecognised but easily treatable condition. ( Jani, A; Johnson, RJ; San Millan, I; Schostak, T, 2023)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is an under-recognized life-threatening disease caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency."	3.01	Non-alcoholic Wernicke's Encephalopathy mimicking neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in a young woman: a case report and literature review. ( Chierici, E; Florindo, I; Minetti, M; Misirocchi, F; Mutti, C; Romano, S; Spallazzi, M; Zilioli, A; Zinno, L, 2023)
"We found 12 cases of WE and dysphagia, aged between 12 and 81 years; swallowing problems presented at the onset in nine patients (including the current case report)."	2.82	Wernicke Encephalopathy Presenting with Dysphagia: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review. ( Cornea, A; Lata, I; Rosca, EC; Simu, M, 2022)
"Adult patients with septic shock and elevated (> 3 mmol/L) lactate between 2010 and 2014."	2.82	Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. ( Andersen, LW; Berg, KM; Chase, M; Cocchi, MN; Donnino, MW; Giberson, T; Moskowitz, A; Ngo, L; Smithline, H; Tidswell, M; Wolfe, R, 2016)
"In a recent study one third of Lao patients presenting with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria had biochemical evidence of thiamin deficiency, which was associated with a higher incidence of adverse events."	2.79	Thiamin supplementation does not reduce the frequency of adverse events after anti-malarial therapy among patients with falciparum malaria in southern Laos. ( Cox, L; Hongvanthong, B; Imwong, M; Khanthavong, M; Mayxay, M; Newton, PN; Phompida, S; Pongvongsa, T; Sichanthongthip, O; Vanisaveth, V; White, NJ, 2014)
"Alcohol dependence is associated with severe nutritional and vitamin deficiency."	2.78	Double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of benfotiamine for severe alcohol dependence. ( Butler, MG; Campbell, J; He, J; Manzardo, AM; Penick, EC; Poje, A, 2013)
"Thiamine levels were determined using the erythrocyte transketolase activity."	2.73	Influence of spironolactone therapy on thiamine blood levels in patients with heart failure. ( Albanesi Filho, FM; de Albuquerque, DC; Rocha, RM; Silva, GV; Tura, BR, 2008)
"Thiamine is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in energy metabolism."	2.72	Thiamine deficiency disorders: a clinical perspective. ( Fischer, PR; Hess, SY; Johnson, CR; Koshy, R; Mynak, ML; Qureshi, UA; Smith, TJ, 2021)
"Thiamine treatment at suboptimal levels (7 of 10 cases) turned out to lead to residual cognitive deficits in three cases."	2.72	Wernicke's encephalopathy in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. ( Oey, MJ; Oudman, E; Postma, A; van Dam, M; Wijnia, JW, 2021)
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is a neurological disorder typically found in alcohol use disorder."	2.72	Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome despite no alcohol abuse: A summary of systematic reports. ( Oey, MJ; Oudman, E; Postma, A; van Dam, M; Wijnia, JW, 2021)
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is most often seen in people who are alcohol dependent."	2.70	Thiamin treatment and working memory function of alcohol-dependent people: preliminary findings. ( Ambrose, ML; Bowden, SC; Whelan, G, 2001)
"Thiamine is a crucial cofactor involved in the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism and participates in multiple cellular metabolic processes within the cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes."	2.61	Genetic defects of thiamine transport and metabolism: A review of clinical phenotypes, genetics, and functional studies. ( Baide-Mairena, H; Marcé-Grau, A; Martí-Sánchez, L; Ortigoza-Escobar, JD; Pérez-Dueñas, B, 2019)
"Thiamine deficiency has been reported to be in the region of 16-47% among patients undergoing bariatric surgery for obesity."	2.58	The role of thiamine dependent enzymes in obesity and obesity related chronic disease states: A systematic review. ( Maguire, D; McMillan, D; Shiels, PG; Talwar, D, 2018)
"Sepsis is defined as the dysregulated host response to an infection resulting in life-threatening organ dysfunction."	2.58	A review of micronutrients in sepsis: the role of thiamine, l-carnitine, vitamin C, selenium and vitamin D. ( Belsky, JB; Jacob, V; Lee, PJ; Sather, JE; Wira, CR, 2018)
"Thiamine deficiency is characterised by decreased ruminal and blood thiamine concentrations and an increased blood thiamine pyrophosphate effect to >45 %."	2.58	Thiamine status, metabolism and application in dairy cows: a review. ( Jiang, L; Nan, X; Pan, X; Xiong, B; Yang, L, 2018)
" Chronic use of ethanol often leads to the development of neurodegenerative syndromes, which cause morphological and functional impairments such as foetal alcohol syndrome in newborns exposed to ethanol during pregnancy, Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome and, more rarely, Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD)."	2.55	Thiamine deficiency, oxidative metabolic pathways and ethanol-induced neurotoxicity: how poor nutrition contributes to the alcoholic syndrome, as Marchiafava-Bignami disease. ( Bezerra, FR; de Oliveira, FR; Fernandes, LMP; Fontes-Júnior, EA; Lima, RR; Maia, CSF; Monteiro, MC; Silva, ML, 2017)
"If alcoholic ketoacidosis is suspected, dextrose-containing fluids are recommended over normal saline."	2.53	Unpeeling the Evidence for the Banana Bag: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Alcohol-Associated Vitamin and Electrolyte Deficiencies in the ICU. ( Adkins, DA; Cook, AM; Flannery, AH, 2016)
"Wernicke's encephalopathy is a critical condition of neurological dysfunction resulting from a deficiency in thiamine."	2.52	Malnutrition-induced Wernicke's encephalopathy following a water-only fasting diet. ( Hutcheon, DA, 2015)
"Although obesity has been viewed traditionally as a disease of excess nutrition, evidence suggests that it may also be a disease of malnutrition."	2.52	Thiamin deficiency in people with obesity. ( Arundel, C; Chawla, LS; Kerns, JC, 2015)
"Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin."	2.52	[The role of thiamine in neurodegenerative diseases]. ( Anuszewska, EL; Bubko, I; Gruber, BM, 2015)
"Thiamine or vitamin B1 is a water soluble vitamin of the vitamin B complex."	2.52	[THIAMINE--"THE ROAD EXPERIENCE" OF THE VITAMIN AS A MANIFESTATION OF DEFICIENCY IN A WORLD OF ABUNDANCE]. ( Hershkowitz, E; Markel, A, 2015)
"It emphasizes that beriberi is the model for high calorie malnutrition because of its occurrence in predominantly white rice consuming cultures."	2.48	Thiamin(e): the spark of life. ( Lonsdale, D, 2012)
"Thiamine is an essential cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism and individuals with diabetes are thiamine deficient."	2.47	Thiamine deficiency in diabetes mellitus and the impact of thiamine replacement on glucose metabolism and vascular disease. ( Cummings, MH; Laight, D; Page, GL, 2011)
"Oral thiamine trials have been shown to improve the cognitive function of patients with AD; however, absorption of thiamine is poor in elderly individuals."	2.47	Role of thiamine in Alzheimer's disease. ( Lu'o'ng, Kv; Nguyen, LT, 2011)
"Patients suffering from congestive heart failure exhibit impaired myocardial energy production, myocyte calcium overload and increased oxidative stress."	2.43	The management of conditioned nutritional requirements in heart failure. ( Allard, ML; Jeejeebhoy, KN; Sole, MJ, 2006)
"Although Wernicke encephalopathy has been reported in the oncological literature, it has not previously been reported in postoperative cancer patients."	2.43	Wernicke encephalopathy presented in the form of postoperative delirium in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis: a case report and review of the literature. ( Kawanishi, C; Onishi, H; Onose, M; Sugimasa, Y, 2005)
"Thiamine is a helper molecule (i."	2.42	The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease. ( Hiller-Sturmhöfel, S; Martin, PR; Singleton, CK, 2003)
"Alcohol abuse is one of the most serious problems in public health and the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is one of the gravest consequences of alcoholism."	2.40	Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. ( Fernandes, JG; Rodnight, R; Zubaran, C, 1997)
"Beriberi was the first disease to be associated with thiamin deficiency, and Wernicke's encephalopathy was shown to respond to thiamin treatment a few years later."	2.40	[Thiamine treatment today]. ( Bovim, G; Tallaksen, CM, 1998)
"Because Wernicke's encephalopathy is suspected to be underdiagnosed in children, the authors wished to assess the frequency of overlooked diagnosis and to establish pertinent findings that could lead to early identification of pediatric Wernicke's encephalopathy."	2.40	Early diagnosis of pediatric Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Berditchevsky, CR; Domingues, RC; Silva, AF; Silva, KP; Vasconcelos, MM; Vidal, G, 1999)
"Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential micronutrient required as a cofactor in many metabolic processes."	1.91	Protocol and application of basal erythrocyte transketolase activity to improve assessment of thiamine status. ( Bourassa, MW; Cerami, C; Jones, KS; Koulman, A; Parkington, DA, 2023)
"Extremely rare cases of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) can involve sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)."	1.91	A Case of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Wernicke Encephalopathy. ( Arivoli, K; Benvenuto, A; Stucken, E, 2023)
"Thiamine plays a special role in the body as a coenzyme necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins."	1.91	The importance of thiamine (vitamin B1) in humans. ( Dragan, G; Majsterek, I; Mrowicka, M; Mrowicki, J, 2023)
"Thiamine deficiency was later confirmed."	1.91	Wernicke Encephalopathy in a Pediatric Patient with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A Rare Presentation of Thiamine Deficiency. ( Basouny, N; Khvolis, D; Lee, A; McFarlane-Ferreira, Y; Spigos, J, 2023)
"Despite guidelines and recommendations, Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) treatment lacks evidence, leading to clinical practice variability."	1.91	Treatment variability and its relationships to outcomes among patients with Wernicke's encephalopathy: A multicenter retrospective study. ( Alvela-Suárez, L; Antolí-Royo, AC; Antúnez-Jorge, E; Castro, J; Chamorro, AJ; Felipe-Pérez, NC; Fernández-Rial, Á; Fernández-Rodríguez, CM; Fernández-Solá, J; Fidalgo-Navarro, A; Gomila-Grange, A; López-Castro, J; Machado-Prieto, B; Marcos, M; Martín-González, MC; Mateos-Díaz, AM; Medina-García, JA; Monte-Secades, R; Muga, R; Novo-Veleiro, I; Polvorosa-Gómez, MA; Prada-González, C; Puerta-Louro, R; Rosón-Hernández, B; Sabio-Repiso, P; Sanvisens-Bergé, A; Seco-Hernández, E; Suárez-Cuervo, C; Valle-Sánchez, MD; Vázquez-Vigo, R, 2023)
"This case demonstrates Leber congenital amaurosis can present as the first clinical feature before systemic manifestations."	1.72	Leber congenital amaurosis as an initial manifestation in a Chinese patient with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome. ( Sui, R; Sun, Z; Wu, S; Yao, F; Yuan, Z, 2022)
"MRI suggested Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) without any history of alcohol misuse."	1.72	Wernicke's encephalopathy in advanced cancer. ( Brown, S; Hutt-Williams, S, 2022)
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is commonly associated with chronic alcohol misuse, a condition known to have multiple detrimental effects on thiamine metabolism."	1.72	SLC19A1 Genetic Variation Leads to Altered Thiamine Diphosphate Transport: Implications for the Risk of Developing Wernicke-Korsakoff's Syndrome. ( Bass, NJ; Guerrini, I; Heydtmann, M; Lightley, I; McHugh, PC; McQuillin, A; Morgan, MY; O'Brien, NL; Quadri, G; Sharp, SI; Smith, I; Thomson, AD, 2022)
"Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a cofactor for enzymes of central energy metabolism and its deficiency (TD) impairs oxidative phosphorylation, increases oxidative stress, and activates inflammatory processes that can lead to neurodegeneration."	1.72	Neuroinflammation regulates the balance between hippocampal neuron death and neurogenesis in an ex vivo model of thiamine deficiency. ( Cassiano, LMG; Coimbra, RS; Oliveira, MS; Pioline, J; Salim, ACM, 2022)
"We report three cases of encephalopathy from two unrelated pedigrees with basal ganglia signal changes after fever of unknown origin."	1.62	Identification and functional analysis of novel SLC25A19 variants causing thiamine metabolism dysfunction syndrome 4. ( Chen, Y; Fang, B; Fang, K; Guo, J; Guo, R; Hao, C; Hu, X; Li, W; Ni, J; Qian, S, 2021)
"Wernicke encephalopathy is a potentially life-threatening neurologic syndrome caused by acute thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency."	1.62	Reversible Wernicke encephalopathy caused by hyperemesis gravidarum in the second trimester of pregnancy: a case report. ( Chaabane, K; Chelly, H; Hakim, H; Halima, SB; Jdidia, NB; Kebaili, S; Koubaa, I, 2021)
"Thiamine diphosphate is a cofactor for transketolase, including erythrocyte transketolase (ETK)."	1.62	Erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient (ETKAC) assay protocol for the assessment of thiamine status. ( Cox, LJ; Jones, KS; Koulman, A; Parkington, DA, 2021)
"Non-alcoholic Wernicke Encephalopathy (WE) is an overlooked complication of malnourishment in all its forms including undernutrition, inadequate vitamine intake and endocrinological diseases."	1.62	Apathetic encephalopathy in thyreotoxicosis: an unsual cause of wernicke encephalopathy and osmotic demyelinating syndrome. ( Ciliento, R; Florindo, I; Mutti, C; Parrino, L; Pavesi, G; Zinno, L, 2021)
"Thiamine is an essential cofactor in the process of nucleic acid synthesis."	1.62	Case of hypoactive delirium precipitated by thiamine deficiency. ( Hetzel, F; Husnain, MG; Stiff, KM; Truong, T, 2021)
"MRI confirmed the diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE)."	1.62	Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome and non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Hor, ESL; Omar, NA; Russell, V; Singh, GP, 2021)
"Thiamine is a vitamin that functions as a cofactor for key enzymes in carbon and energy metabolism in all living cells."	1.56	Understanding and Eliminating the Detrimental Effect of Thiamine Deficiency on the Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. ( Garcia, S; Giannone, RJ; Ryu, S; Trinh, CT; Walker, C, 2020)
"Thiamine was found to degrade regardless of the PN admixture composition and storage conditions."	1.56	Stability of high-dose thiamine in parenteral nutrition for treatment of patients with Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Gostyńska, A; Jelińska, A; Ogrodowczyk, M; Olijarczyk, R; Stawny, M, 2020)
"Gayet-Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder resulting from deficiency of thiamine, commonly related to chronic abuse of alcohol, but frequently missed or overlooked as a diagnosis when a nonalcoholic patient presents with atypical signs and symptoms of the disease."	1.56	A Case Report of Nonalcoholic Gayet-Wernicke Encephalopathy: Don't Miss Thiamine. ( Jain, A; Jain, K; Khera, T; Singh, J, 2020)
"Thiamine is a crucial cofactor involved in the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism and participates in multiple cellular metabolic processes."	1.56	The Relevance of Thiamine Evaluation in a Practical Setting. ( Colombo, C; Cretti, A; Laudi, E; Laudi, N; Pacei, F; Pnini, S; Tesone, A; Varesco, F, 2020)
"The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between glucose dosage in parenteral nutrition and reductions in levels of body thiamine in rats."	1.51	Influence of Glucose Dosage in Parenteral Nutrition on Body Thiamine Levels in Rats. ( Harada, D; Nakayama, M, 2019)
"Thiamine is an essential coenzyme for oxidative metabolisms; however, it is not synthesized in the human body, and the average thiamine storage capacity is approximately 18 days."	1.48	Subclinical thiamine deficiency in patients with abdominal cancer. ( Akechi, T; Furuya, D; Ikebuchi, K; Ishida, M; Onishi, H; Taji, Y; Takahashi, T; Tanahashi, I, 2018)
"Thiamine is an essential enzyme cofactor required for proper metabolic function and maintenance of metabolism and energy production in the brain."	1.46	Thiamine deficiency activates hypoxia inducible factor-1α to facilitate pro-apoptotic responses in mouse primary astrocytes. ( Zastre, J; Zera, K, 2017)
"Thiamine is a vitamin whose deficient can result in multiorgan symptoms."	1.46	Prevalence of clinical thiamine deficiency in individuals with medically complicated obesity. ( Koch, TR; Nath, A; Shope, TR; Tran, T, 2017)
"Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin implicated in several metabolic processes."	1.43	Thiamine Deficiency in a Developed Country: Acute Lactic Acidosis in Two Neonates Due to Unsupplemented Parenteral Nutrition. ( Capolupo, I; Dotta, A; Mondì, V; Pannone, V; Piersigilli, F; Rizzo, C; Salvatori, G; Vici, CD, 2016)
"Thiamine is an essential cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism for energy production."	1.43	[Thiamine deficiency caused lactic acidosis in patient with malnutrition]. ( Cronhjort, M; Nordholme, K; Othman, H, 2016)
"Oxythiamine was converted to the transketolase inhibitor oxythiamine pyrophosphate."	1.43	The uremic toxin oxythiamine causes functional thiamine deficiency in end-stage renal disease by inhibiting transketolase activity. ( Anwar, A; Kanji, H; Masania, J; Rabbani, N; Thornalley, PJ; Xue, M; Zehnder, D; Zhang, F, 2016)
"An 11-year-old male with autism became less responsive and was hospitalized with hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction, as well as severe lactic acidosis."	1.42	Vitamin B deficiencies in a critically ill autistic child with a restricted diet. ( Baird, JS; Ravindranath, TM, 2015)
"The treatment is thiamine suppletion."	1.42	[Wernicke encephalopathy]. ( Bloemkolk, D; Djelantik, M; Tijdink, J, 2015)
"The refeeding syndrome is frequent and potentially deadly, still it is underdiagnosed."	1.42	[Refeeding syndrome: practical issues]. ( Buzzi, M; Limonta, A; Pichard, C; Stirnemann, J, 2015)
"Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential enzyme cofactor in most organisms required at several stages of anabolic and catabolic intermediary metabolism."	1.42	Biochemical changes correlated with blood thiamine and its phosphate esters levels in patients with diabetes type 1 (DMT1). ( Abd-Alrahman, SH; Al-Daghri, NM; Alharbi, M; Alokail, MS; Sheshah, E; Wani, K, 2015)
"These findings were compatible with Wernicke's encephalopathy."	1.40	Wernicke's encephalopathy in a patient with gastric carcinoma: a diagnosis not to miss. ( Kudru, CU; Nagiri, SK; Rao, S, 2014)
"A 59-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus (without treatment two weeks before the intoxication) intentionally ingested a substantial amount of ethanol along with ~750 mL of laminate floor cleaner containing citric acid."	1.40	Severe lactic acidosis in a diabetic patient after ethanol abuse and floor cleaner intake. ( Beijnen, JH; Brandjes, DP; Daling, R; Hendrikx, JJ; Hooijberg, JH; Huitema, AD; Lagas, JS; Schellens, JH, 2014)
"Low thiamine levels were infrequent affecting 3/29 (10%)."	1.40	Refeeding syndrome is uncommon in alcoholics admitted to a hospital detoxification unit. ( Gilmour, M; Manning, S; Robinson, GM; Weatherall, M, 2014)
"Thiamine is an essential co-factor for a number of enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and requires optimal levels of magnesium for biological function."	1.39	The effect of magnesium administration on erythrocyte transketolase activity in alcoholic patients treated with thiamine. ( Godber, IM; Maguire, D; Peake, RW, 2013)
"The diagnostic findings sick of a hemophilia with recurring hemarthrosis are presented."	1.37	[The alimentary status sisk of the hevophilia with the lesion of jointts]. ( Davydkin, IL; Kosiakova, IuA; Sazonova, OV, 2011)
"Treatment with thiamine hydrochloride rapidly resolved the clinical signs."	1.35	Clinical signs and diagnosis of thiamine deficiency in juvenile goshawks (Accipiter gentilis). ( Carnarius, M; Hafez, HM; Henning, A; Henning, HJ; Lierz, M, 2008)
"We present a case of severe Wernicke's encephalopathy that developed in a male non-alcoholic inpatient that was precipitated by poor nutritional intake and development of thyrotoxicosis."	1.35	Thyrotoxicosis associated Wernicke's encephalopathy. ( Bonucchi, J; Hassan, I; Kaboli, P; Policeni, B, 2008)
"To describe a case of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a 15-year-old female patient with anorexia nervosa--restricting type."	1.34	A case report of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a pediatric patient with anorexia nervosa--restricting type. ( Faircloth, VC; Levine, RL; Parvin, M; Peters, TE; Petersen, C, 2007)
"24 h later he developed acute bilateral blindness with no light perception, downbeat nystagmus, bilateral ocular abduction deficits, cerebellar ataxia as well as a slight psychomotor slowing and mild disorientation."	1.34	Sudden bilateral blindness in Wernicke's encephalopathy: case report and review of the literature. ( Beck, S; Niesen, WD; Rijntjes, M; Surges, R; Weiller, C, 2007)
"We report a new case of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a patient who had hyperemesis gravidarum associated with signs and symptoms of dry and wet beriberi."	1.33	Thiamine deficiency and beriberi features in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum. ( Gentile, G; Indraccolo, U; Luzi, G; Pomili, G; Villani, C, 2005)
"In 2003, an epidemic of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) developed in Israeli infants fed a thiamine-deficient soy-based formula."	1.33	Acute ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus in infants fed a thiamine-deficient formula: an epidemic of Wernicke encephalopathy. ( Avni, I; Hoffmann, C; Kesler, A; Morad, Y; Stolovitch, C, 2005)
"The prevalence rates of marginal riboflavin deficiency were 25."	1.33	Prevalence of thiamin and riboflavin deficiency among the elderly in Taiwan. ( Chen, YY; Liao, PC; Shaw, NS; Wang, JL; Yang, FL, 2005)
"A 64-year-old male patient with diabetic nephropathy had been treated with maintenance hemodialysis therapy for 4 years, and had developed disturbed consciousness."	1.33	Severe thiamine deficiency resulted in Wernicke's encephalopathy in a chronic dialysis patient. ( Iino, Y; Kaneko, T; Katayama, Y; Mii, A; Saito, SK; Takada, D; Tsuzuku, Y; Ueda, K; Utsumi, K, 2006)
"Shoshin beriberi is an acute, cardiac form of beriberi, which can rapidly result in death due to cardiogenic shock and lactate acidosis."	1.32	[Shoshin beriberi provoked by the inhalation of salbutamol]. ( Baur, HJ; Geelhoed-Duijvestijn, PH; Groeneveld, JH; Veldkamp, RF, 2003)
"A report of 33 years old female with Wernicke's encephalopathy is presented."	1.32	[Wernicke's encephalopathy due to hyperemesis gravidarum]. ( Breborowicz, GH; Jurga, S; Leśniak, P; Rabenda-Łacka, K; Radoch, Z; Wilczyński, J, 2003)
"In terminally ill cancer patients, clinicians must remain aware of the possibility of Wernicke encephalopathy when patients with a poor nutritional status present with unexplained delirium."	1.32	Successful treatment of Wernicke encephalopathy in terminally ill cancer patients: report of 3 cases and review of the literature. ( Kawanishi, C; Noda, K; Onishi, H; Onose, M; Saito, H; Yamada, T; Yoshida, A, 2004)
"Thiamine therapy was instigated on the basis of clinical intuition and the first patient achieved complete remission within 24 hours while the second improved gradually in that two years later only mild lower limb hypotonia and a slight cognitive deficit remains."	1.31	Wernicke's syndrome after bariatric surgery. ( Bonada, A; Cuatrecasas, G; Del Castillo, D; Formiguera, X; García-Lorda, P; Hernández, M; Olivé, JM; Salas-Salvadó, J, 2000)
"'Iatrogenic' Wernicke's encephalopathy has appeared to occur more frequently in Japan, probably induced by the change of our Japanese national health insurance policy in 1992."	1.31	'Iatrogenic' Wernicke's encephalopathy in Japan. ( Kokubun, Y; Mizutani, T; Shikata, E; Takasu, T, 2000)
"We report a child affected by Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), which was unsuspected clinically."	1.31	Wernicke's encephalopathy in a child: case report and MR findings. ( Ambrosetto, P; Carfagnini, F; Coe, M; Tani, G, 2001)
" On the 20th day after the start of TD feeding, the increased duration of immobility time induced by TD was shortened by chronic administration of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg, i."	1.31	Characteristics of depressive behavior induced by feeding thiamine-deficient diet in mice. ( Esashi, A; Hozumi, S; Kisara, K; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Tadano, T; Tan-No, K; Taniguchi, R, 2001)
"The cause of this thyrotoxicosis has been clarified to closely it associate with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)."	1.30	Gestational thyrotoxicosis manifesting as wernicke encephalopathy: a case report. ( Hayakawa, N; Inoue, N; Kudo, T; Makino, H; Mimura, Y; Ogura, T; Otsuka, F; Tada, K; Yamauchi, T, 1997)
"We present here 2 cases of Wernicke's encephalopathy developed several years after total gastrectomy."	1.30	[Wernicke's encephalopathy developed several years after total gastrectomy. Report of 2 cases]. ( Arai, M; Awazu, N; Nara, K, 1997)
"Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is a co-factor for enzymes key in bridging aerobic and anaerobic metabolism."	1.30	Thiamine deficiency in vivo produces fiber cell degeneration in mouse lenses. ( Farnsworth, P; Frederikse, PH; Zigler, JS, 1999)
"If doubt exists as to the presence of Wernicke's encephalopathy, then parenteral thiamine should be administered."	1.29	Wernicke's encephalopathy complicating schizophrenia. ( Parker, J; Spittle, B, 1993)
"Thiamine 100 mg/day was administered intravenously."	1.29	Wernicke's encephalopathy in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ( Aso, K; Fukuda, M; Kojima, S; Matsuyama, T; Miyajima, Y; Shylaja, N, 1993)
"Three were alcohol abusers, and one had prolonged vomiting and anorexia."	1.29	Thiamin and thiamin phosphate ester deficiency assessed by high performance liquid chromatography in four clinical cases of Wernicke encephalopathy. ( Bell, H; Bøhmer, T; Tallaksen, CM, 1993)
"Both OPCA and Friedreich's ataxia patients presented significantly lower cerebrospinal fluid thiamine levels than their controls (p less than 0."	1.28	Thiamine status in inherited degenerative ataxias. ( Botez, MI; Pedraza, OL, 1992)
"Recognition of the cerebral beriberi with ophthalmoplegia as a leading symptom (Wernicke's encephalopathy) is easy."	1.28	[Cerebral beriberi with ophthalmoplegia as the leading symptom in an alcoholic patient]. ( Arányi, J, 1991)
"One sheep with suspected listeriosis had lack of menace response and palpebral and corneal reflexes, but had intact vision."	1.28	Visual-evoked potentials and electroretinograms in ruminants with thiamine-responsive polioencephalomalacia or suspected listeriosis. ( Claxton, MS; Olcott, BM; Strain, GM; Turnquist, SE, 1990)
"Two children with the DIDMOAD syndrome (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness) developed a megaloblastic and sideroblastic anemia, neutropenia, and borderline thrombocytopenia."	1.28	Thiamine-responsive anemia in DIDMOAD syndrome. ( Borgna-Pignatti, C; Marradi, P; Monetti, N; Patrini, C; Pinelli, L, 1989)
"Furazolidone (700 ppm) was fed to turkey poults from 2 to 5 weeks of age."	1.27	Influence of thiamin supplements on furazolidone-induced cardiomyopathy in turkey poults. ( Ali, BH; Czarnecki, CM, 1987)
"Thiamine treatment of symptomatic rats led to reversal of neurological signs and to concomitant reductions of the cerebral PDHC abnormalities."	1.27	Activities of thiamine-dependent enzymes in two experimental models of thiamine-deficiency encephalopathy: 1. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. ( Besnard, AM; Butterworth, RF; Giguere, JF, 1985)
"3 cases of Wernicke's encephalopathy are reported with consecutive death in surgery patients."	1.26	[Non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy as a cause of death in 3 surgical patients]. ( Stahlschmidt, M; von Bülow, M, 1980)
" Thus, it is assumed that long-term administration of furosemide could induce a thiamine deficiency."	1.26	Furosemide-induced thiamine deficiency. ( Itokawa, Y; Kawai, C; Yui, Y, 1980)
"When thiamine was administered in a dose of 50 mg for 10 days, the TDP effect normalized."	1.26	Effect of peroral thiamine treatment on thiamine contents and transketolase activity of red blood cells in alcoholic patients. ( Borg, S; Vikander, B; Waldenlind, L, 1981)
"Thiamine intake was over 2/3 of the recommended in all the pregnant subjects and revealed no significant correlation with the biochemical indices."	1.26	Thiamin status during pregnancy. ( Love, AH; Thompson, W; Vir, SC, 1980)
"The triad of Wernicke's encephalopathy--global confusional state, ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus, and ataxia--is occasionally seen in chronic alcoholics and is often attenuated by immediate thiamine treatment."	1.26	The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. ( Feinberg, JF, 1980)
"The magnesium deficiency is discussed for longstanding malnutrition in both groups, the vitamin B-1 deficiency for an unusual high intake of alcohol before delirium tremens started."	1.26	The significance of the serum levels of vitamin B-1 and magnesium in delirium tremens and alcoholism. ( Hoes, MJ, 1979)
"Neurologic signs (opisthotonus and ataxia) appeared in the course of thiamin deficiency or did not appear at all during the entire athiaminosis period."	1.26	Liver and brain thiamin depletion and neurologic signs in pigeon athiaminosis. ( Cappelli, V; Cariani, T; Ferrari, G, 1976)
" Orally administered allithiamine vitamers are therefore recommended for prophylaxis and treatment of thiamine deficits because while having essentially the same biological properties as parenterally administered water-soluble thiamines they have not produced any untoward effects after long-term administration and are far more efficiently utilized."	1.26	Absorption, utilization and clinical effectiveness of allithiamines compared to water-soluble thiamines. ( Baker, H; Frank, O, 1976)
"Thiamine-deficient encephalopathy is characterized by morphologic lesions in the brainstem and less extensively in the cerebellum, but the early neurologic signs reverse rapidly and fully with thiamine, indicating a metabolic disorder."	1.25	Encephalopathy of thiamine deficieny: studies of intracerebral mechanisms. ( Cook, M; McCandless, DW; Schenker, S, 1968)

Research

Studies (1,377)

Authors

Clinical Trials (21)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Lactate Level

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	684 (49.67)	18.7374
1990's	114 (8.28)	18.2507
2000's	166 (12.06)	29.6817
2010's	274 (19.90)	24.3611
2020's	139 (10.09)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Derespina, KR	2
Kaushik, S	2
Mahadeo, K	2
McCabe, M	2
Hurtado-Torres, GF	1
Gomes, KC	1
Lima, FWB	1
da Silva Aguiar, HQ	1
de Araújo, SS	1
de Cordova, CAS	1
de Cordova, FM	1
Chen, Y	1
Fang, B	1
Hu, X	1
Guo, R	1
Guo, J	3
Fang, K	1
Ni, J	1
Li, W	2
Qian, S	1
Hao, C	1
DeFries, T	1
Leyde, S	1
Haber, LA	1
Martin, M	1
Kahveci, F	1
Gün, E	1
Balaban, B	1
Ucmak, H	1
Tuna Kirsaçlioğlu, C	1
Balci, D	1
Koloğlu, M	1
Kendirli, T	2
Ishida, M	12
Uchida, N	8
Yoshioka, A	4
Sato, I	6
Hamaguchi, T	1
Horita, Y	1
Mihara, Y	1
Onishi, H	15
Wu, S	1
Yuan, Z	1
Sun, Z	1
Yao, F	1
Sui, R	1
Queiroz Júnior, JRA	1
Costa Pereira, JPD	1
Pires, LL	1
Maia, CS	1
Ahmad, S	2
Ikram, S	1
Dunn, BK	1
Mifsud, F	2
Messager, D	2
Jannot, AS	2
Védie, B	2
Balanant, NA	2
Poghosyan, T	2
Flamarion, E	2
Carette, C	2
Lucas-Martini, L	2
Czernichow, S	2
Rives-Lange, C	2
Gul-Hinc, S	1
Michno, A	1
Zyśk, M	1
Szutowicz, A	1
Jankowska-Kulawy, A	1
Ronowska, A	1
C, S	1
Kundana, PK	1
Reddy, N	1
Reddy B, S	1
Poddutoor, P	1
Rizwan, A	1
Konanki, R	1
Palmer, G	1
Inman, KL	1
Abdalla, A	1
Ahmed, M	3
Mateos-Díaz, AM	2
Marcos, M	2
Chamorro, AJ	2
Tamaki, H	1
Tsushima, H	1
Kachi, N	1
Jimura, F	1
Javaid, S	1
Lindenberg, A	1
Srinivasan, R	1
Jdidia, NB	1
Halima, SB	1
Hakim, H	1
Kebaili, S	1
Koubaa, I	1
Chelly, H	1
Chaabane, K	1
Shayani, V	1
Woodman, G	1
Mehreen, T	1
Kiani, SS	1
Dingwall, KM	2
Delima, JF	2
Binks, P	1
Batey, R	1
Bowden, SC	2
Hernandez, L	1
Brockman, T	1
Mehta, T	1
Akkuzu, E	1
Yavuz, S	1
Ozcan, S	1
Sincar, S	1
Bayrakci, B	1
Pasaoglu, H	1
Kalkan, G	1
Hidaka, M	1
Kumamoto, M	1
Suenaga, T	1
Itsuji, A	1
Kanazawa, Y	1
Goto, S	1
Takaba, H	1
Kitazono, T	1
Bahardoust, M	1
Eghbali, F	1
Shahmiri, SS	1
Alijanpour, A	1
Yarigholi, F	1
Valizadeh, R	1
Madankan, A	1
Pouraskari, AB	1
Ashtarinezhad, B	1
Farokhi, H	1
Sarafraz, H	1
Khanafshar, E	1
Orio, L	1
Arias, F	1
Escudero, B	1
Gruber, N	1
Pinhas-Hamiel, O	1
Nisar, S	3
Tanvir, M	3
Ganie, MA	2
Kareem, O	3
Muzaffer, U	3
Wani, IA	1
Ambroggio, L	1
Manning, WA	1
Brown, S	1
Hutt-Williams, S	1
Vijayavel, N	1
Koh, SW	1
Goodman, EL	1
O'Brien, NL	1
Quadri, G	1
Lightley, I	1
Sharp, SI	1
Guerrini, I	2
Smith, I	1
Heydtmann, M	1
Morgan, MY	1
Thomson, AD	5
Bass, NJ	1
McHugh, PC	1
McQuillin, A	1
Aomura, D	1
Kurasawa, Y	1
Harada, M	1
Hashimoto, K	1
Kamijo, Y	1
Valle, ML	1
Anderson, YT	1
Grimsey, N	1
Zastre, J	2
Tanné, C	1
Nguyen, J	1
Blondé, R	1
Silhadi, S	1
Pinaud, SÉ	1
Nendaz, M	1
Stirnemann, J	2
Silva, AR	1
Almeida-Xavier, S	1
Lopes, M	1
Soares-Fernandes, JP	1
Sousa, F	1
Varanda, S	1
Cassiano, LMG	1
Oliveira, MS	1
Pioline, J	1
Salim, ACM	1
Coimbra, RS	1
Zhu, W	2
Steenerson, KK	2
Kattah, JC	2
Ma, T	1
Xu, J	1
Xing, W	1
Cornea, A	1
Lata, I	1
Simu, M	1
Rosca, EC	1
Ganatra, RB	1
Breu, AC	1
Ronan, MV	1
Bradley, C	1
Hansen, A	1
Levy, P	1
Hashim, E	1
Richter, CA	2
Evans, AN	1
Heppell, SA	1
Zajicek, JL	1
Tillitt, DE	3
Ito, H	5
Onizawa, N	2
Sato, R	1
Mizunuma, N	1
Jones, KS	2
Parkington, DA	2
Bourassa, MW	3
Cerami, C	1
Koulman, A	2
Olmsted, A	1
DeSimone, A	1
Lopez-Pastrana, J	1
Becker, M	1
Arivoli, K	1
Benvenuto, A	1
Stucken, E	1
Krzysztoforska, K	1
Piechal, A	1
Wojnar, E	1
Blecharz-Klin, K	1
Pyrzanowska, J	1
Joniec-Maciejak, I	1
Krzysztoforski, J	1
Widy-Tyszkiewicz, E	1
Chehayeb, RJ	1
Ilagan-Ying, YC	1
Sankey, C	1
Khaliq, S	1
Mohi-U-Din, K	1
Tak, SI	1
Andrabi, SMA	1
Bonnet, U	1
Pohlmann, L	1
McAnally, H	1
Claus, BB	1
Listabarth, S	2
Vyssoki, B	2
Marculescu, R	1
Gleiss, A	1
Groemer, M	1
Trojer, A	1
Harrer, C	1
Weber, S	1
König, D	2
Dichtwald, S	1
Varbarbut, N	1
Dana, E	1
Zohar, E	1
Ifrach, N	1
Fredman, B	1
Hasan, SA	1
Shajira, ES	1
Edwards, KA	1
Randall, EA	1
Wolfe, PC	1
Angert, ER	2
Kraft, CE	2
Schostak, T	1
San Millan, I	1
Jani, A	1
Johnson, RJ	1
Love, JE	1
McCarthy, J	1
Datta, M	1
Wong, R	1
Huang, LL	1
Mufti, S	1
Ali, N	1
Sheikh, IA	1
Bader, GN	1
Zilioli, A	1
Misirocchi, F	1
Mutti, C	2
Romano, S	1
Minetti, M	1
Chierici, E	1
Florindo, I	2
Spallazzi, M	1
Zinno, L	2
Nakamura, K	2
Abe, N	1
Horita, T	2
Mrowicka, M	1
Mrowicki, J	1
Dragan, G	1
Majsterek, I	1
Assunção, AKM	1
Branco, MDRFC	1
Santos, TS	1
Costa, SDSB	1
Dias Júnior, JJ	1
Frota, MTBA	1
Oliveira, BLCA	1
Santos, AMD	1
Estevez, TP	1
Casasnovas, CE	1
Aslanova, M	1
Rizk, D	1
Safin, DS	1
Lakshminrusimha, S	1
Madappa, R	1
Basouny, N	1
Spigos, J	1
Khvolis, D	1
McFarlane-Ferreira, Y	1
Lee, A	1
Felhi, R	1
Sfaihi, L	1
Charif, M	1
Frikha, F	1
Aoiadni, N	1
Kamoun, T	1
Lenaers, G	1
Fakhfakh, F	1
Novo-Veleiro, I	1
Rosón-Hernández, B	1
Medina-García, JA	1
Muga, R	1
Fernández-Solá, J	1
Martín-González, MC	1
Seco-Hernández, E	1
Suárez-Cuervo, C	1
Monte-Secades, R	1
Machado-Prieto, B	1
Puerta-Louro, R	1
Prada-González, C	1
Fernández-Rial, Á	1
Sabio-Repiso, P	1
Vázquez-Vigo, R	1
Antolí-Royo, AC	1
Gomila-Grange, A	1
Felipe-Pérez, NC	1
Sanvisens-Bergé, A	1
Antúnez-Jorge, E	1
Fernández-Rodríguez, CM	1
Alvela-Suárez, L	1
Fidalgo-Navarro, A	1
Castro, J	1
Polvorosa-Gómez, MA	1
Valle-Sánchez, MD	1
López-Castro, J	1
Rowland, FE	1
Walters, DM	1
Scott, HF	1
Bottega, R	1
Perrone, MD	1
Vecchiato, K	1
Taddio, A	1
Sabui, S	1
Pecile, V	1
Said, HM	5
Faletra, F	1
Aleshin, VA	1
Mkrtchyan, GV	1
Bunik, VI	1
Nakamura, H	1
Utsunomiya, A	1
Ishida, Y	2
Thomson, A	1
Marshall, EJ	1
Iimura, Y	3
Kurokawa, T	2
Nojima, M	2
Kanemoto, Y	2
Yazawa, K	2
Tsurita, G	2
Kuroda, S	3
Walker, C	1
Ryu, S	1
Giannone, RJ	1
Garcia, S	1
Trinh, CT	1
Falcão, RCTMA	1
Lyra, CO	1
Morais, CMM	1
Pinheiro, LGB	1
Pedrosa, LFC	1
Lima, SCVC	1
Sena-Evangelista, KCM	1
Harder, AM	1
Willoughby, JR	1
Ardren, WR	1
Christie, MR	1
Stawny, M	1
Gostyńska, A	1
Olijarczyk, R	1
Jelińska, A	1
Ogrodowczyk, M	1
Engelhardt, J	1
Frisell, O	1
Gustavsson, H	2
Hansson, T	2
Sjöberg, R	1
Collier, TK	1
Balk, L	2
Majaneva, S	1
Fridolfsson, E	1
Casini, M	1
Legrand, C	1
Lindehoff, E	1
Margonski, P	1
Majaneva, M	1
Nilsson, J	1
Rubene, G	1
Wasmund, N	1
Hylander, S	1
Yasu, T	1
Momo, K	1
Fujikawa, T	1
Sogabe, Y	1
Pacei, F	2
Iaccarino, L	1
Bugiardini, E	1
Dadone, V	1
De Toni Franceschini, L	1
Colombo, C	2
Hess, SY	2
Smith, TJ	3
Fischer, PR	9
Trehan, I	1
Hiffler, L	3
Arnold, CD	1
Sitthideth, D	1
Tancredi, DJ	1
Schick, MA	1
Yeh, J	1
Stein-Wexler, R	1
McBeth, CN	1
Tan, X	1
Nhiacha, K	1
Kounnavong, S	2
Mantero, V	1
Rifino, N	1
Costantino, G	1
Farina, A	1
Pozzetti, U	1
Sciacco, M	1
Ripolone, M	1
Bianchi, G	1
Salmaggi, A	1
Rigamonti, A	1
Mainz-Perchalla, A	1
Besci, T	1
Evren, G	1
Köroðlu, TF	1
Ehsanian, R	1
Anderson, S	1
Schneider, B	1
Kennedy, D	1
Mansourian, V	1
Seoane Blanco, L	1
Vargas González, CA	1
Junquera Alonso, E	1
Wilson, RB	1
Dilber, B	1
Kamaşak, T	1
Eyüboğlu, İ	1
Kola, M	1
Uysal, AT	1
Saruhan, H	1
Yalçın, S	1
Sağ, E	1
Cansu, A	1
Jain, K	1
Singh, J	2
Jain, A	3
Khera, T	1
Huang, Y	1
Gibson, RA	1
Green, TJ	7
Nakamura, ZM	1
Deal, AM	1
Rosenstein, DL	1
Quillen, LJ	1
Chien, SA	1
Wood, WA	1
Shea, TC	1
Park, EM	1
Rao, R	2
Dihn, D	1
Chien, K	1
Ma, L	2
Hametner, S	1
Sastry, UMK	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Study to Establish a Case Definition of Thiamine Responsive Disorders (TRD) Among Infants in Lao PDR[NCT03626337]		1,394 participants (Actual)	Observational	2019-06-17	Completed
Prevalence of Thiamine Deficiency in Hospitalized Non-Alcoholic Veterans[NCT05480943]		300 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-07-01	Recruiting
Improving Estimates of the Global Burden of Thiamine Deficiency Disorders and Approaches to Their Control: Trial of Thiamine Supplementation in Cambodia[NCT03616288]		335 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-28	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Thiamine in Breastfeeding Mothers and Infants[NCT01864057]	Phase 1	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
A Polychromatic Light Emitting Diode System to Deliver Low Dose Light Directly Into a Peripheral Intravascular Catheter: A Pain Reduction Study[NCT03246282]	Early Phase 1	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-02-08	Suspended (stopped due to Lack of Funding)
Pirofosfato de Tiamina Como Coadyuvante de la Metformina en el Tratamiento de Pacientes Con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2[NCT04053621]		92 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-31	Not yet recruiting
P-KIDs CARE: An Intervention to Address Health Systems Delays to Care for Injured Children in Tanzania[NCT06075108]		284 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Impact of Thiamine Supplementation on Mortality in Septic Shock. A Controlled Before-and-after Study.[NCT05840718]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-09-30	Not yet recruiting
The Thiamine Administration After Cardiac Surgery Trial[NCT04641104]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-20	Completed
Thiamine as a Renal Protective Agent in Septic Shock: A Randomized, Controlled Study[NCT03550794]	Phase 2	95 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-04	Completed
Evaluation of Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C and Thiamine for the Treatment of Septic Shock[NCT03380507]	Phase 2/Phase 3	106 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-17	Terminated (stopped due to The research is no longer funded and terminated due to futility)
Outcomes of Metabolic Resuscitation Using Ascorbic Acid, Thiamine, and Glucocorticoids in the Early Treatment of Sepsis.[NCT03422159]	Phase 2	140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-05	Completed
Ascorbic Ccid, Hydrocortisone, and Thiamine in Sepsis and Septic Shock - A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial[NCT03389555]	Phase 2/Phase 3	205 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-09	Completed
Combination Therapy of Vitamin C and Thiamine for Septic Shock: Multi-center, Double-blinded, Randomized, Controlled Study[NCT03756220]	Phase 2	116 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-01	Completed
A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Investigate the Effects of Vitamin C, Hydrocortisone and Thiamine on the Outcome of Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock[NCT03335124]	Phase 4	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-26	Terminated (stopped due to Due to insufficient recruitment)
Effect of Thiamin Supplementation on Thiamin Status in Children With Heart Disease Receiving Diuretic Drugs: Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03989700]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-07-01	Not yet recruiting
Effects of a Whole Food Based Nutritional Formulation on Trimethylamine N-oxide and Cardiometabolic Endpoints in Healthy Adults.[NCT05795946]		45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-15	Recruiting
Thiamine Supplementation to Improve Cardiac Function in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure on Long-term Treatment With Diuretic Drugs[NCT00770107]		12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2004-06-30	Completed
A Double-Blind Clinical Trial of Benfotiamine Treatment in Diabetic Nephropathy[NCT00565318]	Phase 4	86 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2007-12-31	Completed
Thiamine Supplementation in High Risk Cardiac Surgery Patients[NCT03306732]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-19	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of De-Novo Algorithm and Formula in the Treatment of Patients With Intractable Chronic Craniofacial Neuralgia, or Chronic Migraine Headaches.[NCT03220113]	Phase 1/Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-07-01	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Change in lactate level between enrollment and 72 hours after enrollment (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: From time of enrollment until 72 hours after enrollment

Change in the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score

Intervention	mmol/L (Median)
Thiamine	1.65
Placebo	1.95

Change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA) score between enrollment and 72 hours after enrollment. SOFA scores are reported on a scale between 0-24, with 0 representing best outcome and 24 representing worst outcome. (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: Time of enrollment until 72 hours after enrollment

ICU Free Days

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Thiamine	8.09
Placebo	9.61

Days alive and free of the ICU through day 28 (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: From date of enrollment until 28 days after enrollment

In-hospital Mortality

Intervention	days (Median)
Thiamine	22.5
Placebo	0.0

Length of hospital stay truncated at 60 days (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: From date of enrollment until discharge from the hospital or date of death, whichever comes first, up to 60 days after enrollment

Kidney Injury Biomarker

Number of Participants Experiences Acute Renal Failure

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Thiamine	15
Placebo	25

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Thiamine	2.24
Placebo	2.79

Acute renal failure as defined by the KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) criteria. In brief, a patient can meet these criteria if their serum creatinine increases (for example, serum creatinine increases to 1.5x or higher of baseline serum creatinine, or if it crosses 4mg/dL), or if renal replacement therapy is initiated, or if urine output decreases (for example, <0.5ml/kg/hour for 6-12 hours) or if patient becomes anuric (no urine production). (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: From date of enrollment until day of discharge from the index ICU admission or date of death, whichever comes first up until 60 days post-enrollment

Number of Participants Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Thiamine	23
Placebo	34

Number of participants who received renal replacement therapy in thiamine and placebo groups. (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: From date of enrollment until discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) or date of death, whichever comes first, up to 60 days after enrollment

Number of Participants With Delirium on Day 3

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Thiamine	6
Placebo	10

Number of Participants with Delirium on Day 3 after enrollment (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: Day 3 after enrollment

Novel Biomarkers of Renal Injury

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Thiamine	25
Placebo	30

KIM-1, NGAL, Cystatin-C at 24-hours after enrollment (NCT03550794)
Timeframe: 24 hours after enrollment

Change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score

Intervention	pg/mL (Median)
	KIM-1	NGAL	Cystatin
Placebo	793.9	1558285.0	2183175.4
Thiamine	763.1	1067898.2	1689158.2

Defined as the day 4 post-randomization SOFA score minus the initial SOFA score. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score is a mortality prediction score that is based on the degree of dysfunction of six organ systems. The score is calculated on admission and every 24 hours until discharge using the worst parameters measured during the prior 24 hours SOFA score ranges from 0 (no organ dysfunction) to 24 (highest possible score / organ dysfunction). (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: 4 days post-randomization

Hospital Length of Stay

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
Treatment Arm	2.9
Placebo Arm	1.93

Time from admitting to discharge of hospital stay. (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: From admission to the hospital until final discharge, up to 28 days.

Hospital Mortality

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Treatment Arm	11.5
Placebo Arm	11

In-hospital mortality rate. (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: Survival until hospital discharge, up to 28 days.

ICU Length of Stay

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment Arm	11
Placebo Arm	13

Time from admitting to ICU to discharge. (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: From admission to the ICU until final discharge from the ICU, up to an average of 7 days.

ICU Mortality

Intervention	days (Mean)
Treatment Arm	4.76
Placebo Arm	4.66

ICU mortality rate (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: From admission to hospital until final discharge from the ICU, up to 28 days.

Procalcitonin (PCT) Clearance

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment Arm	6
Placebo Arm	10

PCT at 96 hours minus initial PCT, divided by the initial PCT multiplied by 100. (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: 4 days post-randomization

Time to Vasopressor Independence (Hours)

Intervention	Percent (Mean)
Treatment Arm	63
Placebo Arm	58

Defined as the time from starting the active treatment/placebo to discontinuation of all pressors. (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: From start of vasopressor medication to final discontinuation of vasopressor medication, up to 7 days.

Ventilator Free Days

Intervention	hours (Mean)
HAT Treatment	27
Comparator	53

Number of days alive and off of the ventilator at day 28. (NCT03422159)
Timeframe: 28 Days post-randomization

30-day Mortality

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Treatment Arm	22
Placebo Arm	22.4

Mortality rate (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Enrollment until 30-days after enrollment

Hospital Disposition: Survivors Discharged Home

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	35
Placebo	29

Home hospital disposition in patients who survive to discharge (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Enrollment until hospital discharge, death, or 30-days, whichever comes first.

Hospital Mortality

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	34
Placebo	35

Hospital mortality rate (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Enrollment until hospital discharge, death, or 30-days. Whichever comes first.

ICU Free Days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	28
Placebo	23

Number of days that the patient was not in the ICU. Timeframe listed below. (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: From enrollment until 28 days after enrollment

Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Mortality

Intervention	Days (Median)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	22
Placebo	21

ICU mortality rate (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Enrollment until ICU discharge, death, or 30-days. Whichever comes first.

Number of Participants With Delirium

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	23
Placebo	20

"Describes if patient has delirium as defined by the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)-ICU. The CAM-ICU method requires that the patient have 3 features to qualify for delirium:~Acute Onset of Changes or Fluctuations in the Course of Mental Status (AND )~Inattention (AND)~Disorganized thinking (OR) Altered Level of Consciousness" (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: On day 3 (at approximately 72 hours) after the first study drug dose

Renal Failure

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	31
Placebo	35

"Development of renal failure as defined by a Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes [KDIGO] stage 3 or higher. There are 3 stages in the KDIGO scale with stage 3 being the worst (corresponds to renal failure).~Stage 1- serum creatinine 1.5 to 1.9 times baseline OR an increase in serum creatinine ≥ 0.3 mg/dL OR urine output < 0.5ml/kg/hour for 6-12 hours. Stage 2- serum creatinine 2.0-2.9 times baseline OR urine output <0.5mg/kg/hour for ≥ 12 hours Stage 3- serum creatinine 3.0 times baseline (or serum creatinine of more than or equal to 4.0 mg/dl with an acute increase of at least 0.5 mg/dl) (OR) Urine output less than 0.3 ml/kg/hour for 24 hours or anuria for 12 hours or new renal replacement therapy" (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Enrollment until 7-days or discharge from the ICU

Shock Free Days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	32
Placebo	27

Days not receiving vasopressor (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Vasopressor free days over the first 7-days after enrollment

Ventilator Free Days

Intervention	Days (Median)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	5
Placebo	4

Days not receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Ventilator free days over the first 7-days after enrollment

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score at Baseline and 72 Hours

Intervention	Days (Median)
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	6
Placebo	6

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score at Baseline and 72 Hours. The SOFA score ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 24, with higher scores meaning worse outcomes. (NCT03389555)
Timeframe: Enrollment to 72-hours

Article	Year
The Dichotomous Effect of Thiamine Supplementation on Tumorigenesis: A Systematic Review. Nutrition and cancer, 2022, Volume: 74, Issue:6 Topics: Carcinogenesis; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Neoplasms; Thiamine; T	2022
Fatal Wernicke's Encephalopathy with Cardiovascular Involvement in a Young Psychiatric Patient. The American journal of the medical sciences, 2022, Volume: 363, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Coma; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Stroke Volume; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Ventricular Fu	2022
[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other diseases associated with thyamine deficiency]. Medicina clinica, 2022, 05-13, Volume: 158, Issue:9 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2022
B1 Vitamin Deficiency After Bariatric Surgery, Prevalence, and Symptoms: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obesity surgery, 2022, Volume: 32, Issue:9 Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Gastric Bypass; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Postoperative Complications; Prevalence;	2022
Diabetes Out-of-the-Box: Diabetes Mellitus and Impairment in Hearing and Vision. Current diabetes reports, 2022, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Anemia, Megaloblastic; Deafness; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Hearing; Hearing Loss	2022
Shoshin beriberi and thiamine-responsive right heart failure: A case report in Mayotte Recognition and management of infant Shoshin beriberi. Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie, 2022, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Acute Disease; Beriberi; Comoros; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Infant; Thiamine;	2022
Raise vigilance against refractory distributive shock due to severe wet beriberi. The American journal of the medical sciences, 2023, Volume: 365, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Beriberi; Humans; Male; Shock; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2023
Wernicke Encephalopathy Presenting with Dysphagia: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review. Nutrients, 2022, Dec-13, Volume: 14, Issue:24 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Child; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Middle	2022
Thiamine deficiency: a commonly unrecognised but easily treatable condition. Postgraduate medical journal, 2023, Volume: 99, Issue:1174 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Alcoholism; Food; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2023
Non-alcoholic Wernicke's Encephalopathy mimicking neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in a young woman: a case report and literature review. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2023, 06-05, Volume: 94, Issue:S1 Topics: Female; Humans; Malnutrition; Neuromyelitis Optica; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephal	2023
Diagnosis of Wernicke's Encephalopathy in Patients With a Psychiatric History: A Case Series and Literature Review. The primary care companion for CNS disorders, 2023, Jul-20, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Comorbidity; Humans; Malnutrition; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy	2023
Mechanisms of Non-coenzyme Action of Thiamine: Protein Targets and Medical Significance. Biochemistry. Biokhimiia, 2019, Volume: 84, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain; Coenzymes; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Mice; Phosphorylation; Protein Tr	2019
Incidence of Adverse Reactions to Parenteral Thiamine in the Treatment of Wernicke's Encephalopathy, and Recommendations. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire), 2019, Dec-01, Volume: 54, Issue:6 Topics: Anaphylaxis; Humans; Incidence; Infusions, Parenteral; Risk Assessment; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficienc	2019
Non-alcoholic beriberi, Wernicke encephalopathy and long-term eating disorder: case report and a mini-review. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2021, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Beriberi; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Ence	2021
Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of beriberi after gastric surgery. Nutrition reviews, 2020, 12-01, Volume: 78, Issue:12 Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Beriberi; Dietary Supplements; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Gastrectomy;	2020
Does thiamine protect the brain from iron overload and alcohol-related dementia? Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2020, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dementia; Humans; Iron Overload; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2020
Thiamine deficiency disorders: a clinical perspective. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021, Volume: 1498, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Beriberi; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Management; Disea	2021
Thiamine fortification strategies in low- and middle-income settings: a review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021, Volume: 1498, Issue:1 Topics: Developing Countries; Dietary Supplements; Disease Susceptibility; Food, Fortified; Global Health; H	2021
Thiamine deficiency unrelated to alcohol consumption in high-income countries: a literature review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021, Volume: 1498, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Alcohol Drinking; Developed Countries; Disease Susceptibility; Humans; Population Surve	2021
Wernicke's encephalopathy in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2021, Volume: 86 Topics: Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy	2021
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome despite no alcohol abuse: A summary of systematic reports. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2021, Jul-15, Volume: 426 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Ataxia; Child; Female; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Pregnancy; Thiamine; Thiamine	2021
Pediatric thiamine deficiency disorders in high-income countries between 2000 and 2020: a clinical reappraisal. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021, Volume: 1498, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Beriberi; Child; Developed Countries; Disease Management; Disease Susceptibility; Histo	2021
Epileptic seizures in nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy: a case report and literature review. Metabolic brain disease, 2017, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Magnetic Resonance	2017
Thiamine content of F-75 therapeutic milk for complicated severe acute malnutrition: time for a change? Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2017, Volume: 1404, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Critical Illness; Food, Fortified; Humans; Milk; Severe Acute Malnutrition; Thiamine; Thiam	2017
Thiamin deficiency on fetal brain development with and without prenatal alcohol exposure. Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire, 2018, Volume: 96, Issue:2 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Brain; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Humans; Neurog	2018
[Defect of thiamine transport and activation and related disease]. Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics, 2018, Feb-10, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia, Megaloblastic; Biological Transport; Diabetes Mellitus; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans;	2018
Wet beriberi with multiple organ failure remarkably reversed by thiamine administration: A case report and literature review. Medicine, 2018, Volume: 97, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Beriberi; Cardiac Output; Humans; Male; Multiple Organ Failure; Prisoners; Thiami	2018
Competition for vitamin B1 (thiamin) structures numerous ecological interactions. The Quarterly review of biology, 2017, Volume: 92, Issue:2 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Ecosystem; Humans; Molecular Structure; Nutritional Requirements	2017
Preventing Wernicke Encephalopathy After Bariatric Surgery. Obesity surgery, 2018, Volume: 28, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Bariatric Surgery; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Parenteral Nutrition; Postop	2018
The role of thiamine dependent enzymes in obesity and obesity related chronic disease states: A systematic review. Clinical nutrition ESPEN, 2018, Volume: 25 Topics: Body Mass Index; Chronic Disease; Energy Intake; Glucose; Humans; Magnesium; Magnesium Deficiency; N	2018
A review of micronutrients in sepsis: the role of thiamine, l-carnitine, vitamin C, selenium and vitamin D. Nutrition research reviews, 2018, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Carnitine; Deficiency Diseases; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Micronutrients; Nutritio	2018
Thiamine status, metabolism and application in dairy cows: a review. The British journal of nutrition, 2018, Volume: 120, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Bacteria; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dairying; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Edible Gr	2018
Thiamine Therapy for Heart Failure: a Promise or Fiction? Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2018, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Dietary Supplements; Heart Failure; Humans; Risk Factors; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Tr	2018
[Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia or Rogers syndrome: A literature review]. La Revue de medecine interne, 2019, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia, Megaloblastic; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis, Differential; Dietary Supplements; Hearing Loss	2019
Thiamine deficiency and cardiovascular disorders. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2018, Volume: 28, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dietary Supplements; Energy Metabo	2018
Review of thiamine deficiency disorders: Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff psychosis. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology, 2018, Oct-02, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Amnesia; Animals; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy	2018
Role of Thiamin in Health and Disease. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2019, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Humans; Risk Factors; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2019
Thiamin deficiency in low- and middle-income countries: Disorders, prevalences, previous interventions and current recommendations. Nutrition and health, 2019, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Asia, Southeastern; Cambodia; Developing Countries; Endemic Diseases; Female; Food, Fortified; Human	2019
Genetic defects of thiamine transport and metabolism: A review of clinical phenotypes, genetics, and functional studies. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2019, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Anemia, Megaloblastic; Biological Transport; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus; Hearing Loss, Sensorineu	2019
[Diagnostics and treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome patients with an alcohol abuse]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2013, Apr-01, Volume: 175, Issue:14 Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex; Wernicke E	2013
Diagnosis and management of Marchiafava-Bignami disease: a review of CT/MRI confirmed cases. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2014, Volume: 85, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Corpus Callosum; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Marchiafav	2014
Wernicke encephalopathy: a medical emergency. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2014, May-13, Volume: 186, Issue:8 Topics: Critical Illness; Early Diagnosis; Emergencies; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pr	2014
[Vitamin B1 (thiamine)]. La Revue du praticien, 2013, Volume: 63, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2013
Thiamin function, metabolism, uptake, and transport. Biochemistry, 2014, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:5 Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Energy Metabolism; Hum	2014
Defects of thiamine transport and metabolism. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2014, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Humans; Maple Syrup Urine Disease; Membrane Transport Proteins; Pyruv	2014
Thiamin deficiency and heart failure: the current knowledge and gaps in literature. Heart failure reviews, 2015, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardium; Nutritional Status; Risk Factors; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency;	2015
Thiamine in the treatment of Wernicke encephalopathy in patients with alcohol use disorders. Internal medicine journal, 2014, Volume: 44, Issue:9 Topics: Alcoholism; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Korsakof	2014
Palliative treatment of thiamine-related encephalopathy (Wernicke's encephalopathy) in cancer: A case series and review of the literature. Palliative & supportive care, 2015, Volume: 13, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Fema	2015
Malnutrition-induced Wernicke's encephalopathy following a water-only fasting diet. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2015, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Fasting; Female; Humans; Male; Malnutrition; Risk Factors; Starvation; Thiamine; Thiamine Def	2015
Thiamin deficiency in people with obesity. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2015, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Humans; Nutritional Requirements; Obesity; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin	2015
Nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy. CJEM, 2016, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Dysarthria; Emergency Service, Hospital; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Magnetic	2016
[The role of thiamine in neurodegenerative diseases]. Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej (Online), 2015, Sep-21, Volume: 69 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurodegenerative Diseases	2015
Determining the Role of Thiamine Deficiency in Systolic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Journal of cardiac failure, 2015, Volume: 21, Issue:12 Topics: Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Comorbidity; Female; Heart Failure,	2015
[THIAMINE--"THE ROAD EXPERIENCE" OF THE VITAMIN AS A MANIFESTATION OF DEFICIENCY IN A WORLD OF ABUNDANCE]. Harefuah, 2015, Volume: 154, Issue:10 Topics: Humans; Malnutrition; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex	2015
Does Long-Term Furosemide Therapy Cause Thiamine Deficiency in Patients with Heart Failure? A Focused Review. The American journal of medicine, 2016, Volume: 129, Issue:7 Topics: Dietary Supplements; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibito	2016
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) and dementia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2016, Volume: 1367, Issue:1 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Dementia; Glucose; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Thiami	2016
Unpeeling the Evidence for the Banana Bag: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Alcohol-Associated Vitamin and Electrolyte Deficiencies in the ICU. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Electrolytes; Folic Acid; Humans; Intensive Care Uni	2016
Unpeeling the Evidence for the Banana Bag: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Alcohol-Associated Vitamin and Electrolyte Deficiencies in the ICU. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Electrolytes; Folic Acid; Humans; Intensive Care Uni	2016
Unpeeling the Evidence for the Banana Bag: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Alcohol-Associated Vitamin and Electrolyte Deficiencies in the ICU. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Electrolytes; Folic Acid; Humans; Intensive Care Uni	2016
Unpeeling the Evidence for the Banana Bag: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Alcohol-Associated Vitamin and Electrolyte Deficiencies in the ICU. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Electrolytes; Folic Acid; Humans; Intensive Care Uni	2016
[Thiamine (vitamin B1) treatment in patients with alcohol dependence]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 2017, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Pt 1 Topics: Alcoholic Neuropathy; Alcoholism; Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Administr	2017
High-dose Parenteral Thiamine in Treatment of Wernicke's Encephalopathy: Case Series and Review of the Literature. In vivo (Athens, Greece), 2017, 01-02, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Progn	2017
[Thiamine in patients with alcohol use disorder and Wernicke's encephalopathy]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 2017, Volume: 161 Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy	2017
Thiamine deficiency, oxidative metabolic pathways and ethanol-induced neurotoxicity: how poor nutrition contributes to the alcoholic syndrome, as Marchiafava-Bignami disease. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2017, Volume: 71, Issue:5 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Ethanol; Marchiafava-Bignami Disease; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oxidati	2017
Treatable Inborn Errors of Metabolism Due to Membrane Vitamin Transporters Deficiency. Seminars in pediatric neurology, 2016, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Child, Preschool; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Membrane Trans	2016
Metabolic and structural role of thiamine in nervous tissues. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Cell Membrane; Hippocampus; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neurogenesis; Neu	2008
Modeling neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology in thiamine deficiency: consequences of impaired oxidative metabolism. Neurochemistry international, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Phosp	2011
Wernicke's encephalopathy: a preventable cause of maternal death. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005), 2011, Volume: 72, Issue:1 Topics: Female; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Maternal Mortality; Pregnancy; Prognosis; Thiamine; Thiamine Def	2011
Thiamine deficiency in diabetes mellitus and the impact of thiamine replacement on glucose metabolism and vascular disease. International journal of clinical practice, 2011, Volume: 65, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Angiopathies; Dietary Supplements; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; H	2011
Glucose before thiamine for Wernicke encephalopathy: a literature review. The Journal of emergency medicine, 2012, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Drug Administration Schedule; Glucose; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Risk Factors; Thiamine; Thiami	2012
Thiamin(e): the spark of life. Sub-cellular biochemistry, 2012, Volume: 56 Topics: Animals; Beriberi; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Membrane Transport Proteins	2012
Role of thiamine in Alzheimer's disease. American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 2011, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Humans; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficienc	2011
Thiamine in nutrition therapy. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2012, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Nutrition Therapy; Nutritional Status; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin B	2012
The role of B vitamins in the management of heart failure. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2012, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Dietary Supplements; Heart Failure; Humans; Nutritional Requirements; Risk Factors; Thiamine; Thiami	2012
Wernicke's encephalopathy: expanding the diagnostic toolbox. Neuropsychology review, 2012, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Brain; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Neuroimaging; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernick	2012
The role of thiamine in HIV infection. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2013, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: HIV Infections; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2013
[Is thiamine supplementation necessary in patient with cardiac insufficiency?]. Annales de cardiologie et d'angeiologie, 2001, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Heart Failure; Humans; Kidney; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2001
Thiamine. Monograph. Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic, 2003, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Affect; Alcoholism; Female; Heart Failure; HIV Infections; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complication	2003
[Korsakoff syndrome, not induced by alcohol]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 2003, Issue:40 Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prognosis; Thi	2003
[Korsakoff psychosis]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 2003, Issue:40 Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Magnetic Resonance Imag	2003
[Vitamin deficiency]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 2003, Issue:40 Topics: Delirium; Humans; Niacin; Pellagra; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy	2003
[Vitamin B1]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2004, Volume: 62 Suppl Topics: Biomarkers; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Donepezil; Humans; Inda	2004
Best evidence topic report. Oral or intravenous thiamine in the emergency department. Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2004, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Alcoholism; Emergency Service, Hospital; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Infu	2004
The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease. Alcohol research & health : the journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2003, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Animals; Brain; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Def	2003
Water-soluble vitamins: research update. Current sports medicine reports, 2005, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: Dietary Supplements; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Homocysteine; Humans; Male; Neural T	2005
Thiamin deficiency: a possible major cause of some tumors? (review). Oncology reports, 2005, Volume: 14, Issue:6 Topics: Cysts; Humans; Malnutrition; Neoplasms; Submandibular Gland Diseases; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency;	2005
The management of conditioned nutritional requirements in heart failure. Heart failure reviews, 2006, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carnitine; Creatine; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Homeostasis; Humans; Muscle	2006
A theoretical argument for inherited thiamine insensitivity as one possible biological cause of familial alcoholism. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2006, Volume: 30, Issue:9 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Cerebellum; Dopamine; Humans; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Thiamine; Th	2006
[Prophylactic and therapeutic application of thiamine (vitamin B1)--a new point of view]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 2006, Volume: 59, Issue:5-6 Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Angiopathies; Humans; Pai	2006
Wernicke encephalopathy presented in the form of postoperative delirium in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis: a case report and review of the literature. Palliative & supportive care, 2005, Volume: 3, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Delirium; Hepatectomy; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Ma	2005
Myths and misconceptions of Wernicke's encephalopathy: what every emergency physician should know. Annals of emergency medicine, 2007, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Emergency Medicine; Humans; Prevalence; Prognosis; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex;	2007
[Trends in study of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome]. Seishin shinkeigaku zasshi = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica, 2007, Volume: 109, Issue:6 Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; Animals; Diagn	2007
The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications. Current diabetes reviews, 2005, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Biological Transport; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Thiami	2005
Thiamin--the interaction of aging, alcoholism, and malabsorption in various populations. World review of nutrition and dietetics, 1984, Volume: 44 Topics: Aged; Aging; Alcoholism; Animals; Developing Countries; Diet; Energy Intake; Europe; Humans; Intesti	1984
Down's syndrome: nutritional intervention. Nutrition and health, 1984, Volume: 3, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Glucose; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatin; Down Synd	1984
Mechanisms of thiamin deficiency in chronic alcoholism. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1980, Volume: 33, Issue:12 Topics: Alcoholism; Ethanol; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Liver; Membrane Fluidity; Mode	1980
Thiamin and niacin in the rumen. Journal of animal science, 1984, Volume: 59, Issue:3 Topics: Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Encephalomalacia; Female; Food, Forti	1984
Clinical chemistry of thiamin. Advances in clinical chemistry, 1983, Volume: 23 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; Alcoholism; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Animals; Beriberi; Biological Assay; Biologic	1983
Thiamin in the elderly--relation to alcoholism and to neurological degenerative disease. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1982, Volume: 36, Issue:5 Suppl Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Alcoholism; Animals; Biological Availability; Child; Child, Preschoo	1982
The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a review of psychological, neuropathological and etiological factors. Currents in alcoholism, 1981, Volume: 8 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Amnesia, Retrograde; Dichotic Listening Tests;	1981
Vitamins and alcoholism. IV. Thiamin. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1980, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Liver; Male; Pyruvates; Rats; T	1980
Red cell enzyme tests of vitamin status: do marginal deficiencies have any physiological significance? The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 1981, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Child; Clinical Enzyme Test	1981
[Thiamine transport in microorganisms (author's transl)]. Seikagaku. The Journal of Japanese Biochemical Society, 1981, Volume: 53, Issue:6 Topics: Biological Transport, Active; Escherichia coli; Humans; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Thiamine; Thiamine	1981
Beriberi caused by antithiamin factors in food and its prevention. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1982, Volume: 378 Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Areca; Ascorbic Acid; Beriberi; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Diet; Female; Fe	1982
Antithiamins of plant origin: their chemical nature and mode of action. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1982, Volume: 378 Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Biological Transport, Active; Caffeic Acids; Caffeine; Coffee; Erythrocytes;	1982
Actions of two types of thiaminase on thiamin and its analogues. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1982, Volume: 378 Topics: Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; Animals; Bacillus; Diet; Disulfides; Fishes; Humans; Hydrolases; Oxythi	1982
Thiamin deficiency and alcoholism. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1982, Volume: 378 Topics: Alcoholism; Dementia; Diet; Digestive System; Heart Diseases; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Phospho	1982
Ruminant thiamine requirement in perspective. Veterinary research communications, 1982, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Hydr	1982
Thiamin. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1993, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Aging; Erythrocytes; Humans; Nutritional Status; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Transketolase	1993
[Wernicke's encephalopathy]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 1996, Feb-12, Volume: 158, Issue:7 Topics: Denmark; Humans; Incidence; Injections, Intravenous; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encepha	1996
Is there a role for thiamine supplementation in the management of heart failure? American heart journal, 1996, Volume: 131, Issue:6 Topics: Diuretics; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	1996
Thiamine utilization in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced brain damage. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement, 1994, Volume: 2 Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Injuries; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficienc	1994
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Postgraduate medical journal, 1997, Volume: 73, Issue:855 Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholism; History, 19th Century; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Prognosis;	1997
[Nutritional disorders and myocardial disease]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 1996, Issue:14 Topics: Alcoholism; Avitaminosis; Beriberi; Cardiomyopathies; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Nutrition Dis	1996
[Vitamins : B1, B6, B12. Consequences of a deficiency, of excessive vitamins and value of systematic supplementation]. Journal de gynecologie, obstetrique et biologie de la reproduction, 1997, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Suppl Topics: Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; P	1997
[Thiamine treatment today]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1998, Oct-20, Volume: 118, Issue:25 Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Beriberi; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy	1998
Early diagnosis of pediatric Wernicke's encephalopathy. Pediatric neurology, 1999, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female;	1999
Optimum nutrition: thiamin, biotin and pantothenate. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 1999, Volume: 58, Issue:2 Topics: Biotin; Enzyme Activation; Humans; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Requirements; Nu	1999
Do diuretics cause thiamine deficiency? The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 1999, Volume: 134, Issue:3 Topics: Alcoholism; Diuretics; Heart Failure; Humans; Kidney; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	1999
[Thiamine treatment in psychiatry and neurology]. Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, 2000, Volume: 68, Issue:3 Topics: Humans; Mental Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Psychoses, Alcoholic; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficien	2000
[Thiamine deficiency]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 2000, Issue:29 Pt 4 Topics: Beriberi; Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Thiamine Pyrop	2000
Diuretics and vitamin B1: are diuretics a risk factor for thiamin malnutrition? Nutrition reviews, 2000, Volume: 58, Issue:10 Topics: Diuretics; Humans; Hypertension; Risk Factors; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	2000
Molecular mechanisms of thiamine utilization. Current molecular medicine, 2001, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Apoptosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Neurons; Oxi	2001
[Diagnostics and treatment of thiamine deficiency]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 2000, Volume: 116, Issue:7 Topics: Beriberi; Diet; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Time Factors; Wernicke Encephalopathy	2000
Leukocyte transketolase activity: an indicator of thiamin nutriture. Nutrition reviews, 1977, Volume: 35, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Diet; Erythrocytes; Leukocytes; Liver; Nutritional Requirements; Oxythiamine; Rats; Thiamin	1977
The aetiology of the sudden infant death syndrome: current ideas on breathing and sleep and possible links to deranged thiamine neurochemistry. Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine, 1978, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Asphyxia; Australia; Cattle; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Nervous System Diseases;	1978
[Hereditary disorders of metabolism and function of vitamins]. Pediatriia, 1975, Issue:7 Topics: Avitaminosis; Biological Transport, Active; Humans; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Pyridoxine; Thiamine;	1975
Vitamin B complex. Thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid (folacin), vitamin B12, biotin. Progress in food & nutrition science, 1975, Volume: 1, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Biotin; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Child; Female; Folic Acid;	1975
Thiaminases and their effects on animals. Vitamins and hormones, 1975, Volume: 33 Topics: Animal Diseases; Animals; Bacillus; Carps; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; D	1975
Thiamine and the nervous system: an overview. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 1976, Volume: 22 SUPPL Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System; Humans; Membranes; Nervous Syste	1976
[Clinical aspects of the wernicke-korsakoff-syndrome (author's transl)]. Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis = Revue suisse de medecine Praxis, 1976, Jun-08, Volume: 65, Issue:23 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholism; Brain Stem; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Mal	1976
[Recent studies on thiamine, with special reference to its metabolism (author's transl)]. Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme, 1976, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Humans; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Nervous System Diseases; Pyrimid	1976
Thiamine metabolism in disease. CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences, 1975, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Beriberi; Child; Decarboxylation; Feeding Behavior; Hematopoiesis; Huma	1975
A thiamin-responsive polioencephalomalacia in tropicaland nontropical livestock production systems-1. World review of nutrition and dietetics, 1975, Volume: 20 Topics: Agriculture; Animal Diseases; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Brain; Brain Dise	1975
[Deficiency status: vitamin B1]. Beitrage zur Infusionstherapie = Contributions to infusion therapy, 1990, Volume: 25 Topics: Animals; Beriberi; Humans; Nutritional Requirements; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	1990
Thiamin and the brain. Annual review of nutrition, 1988, Volume: 8 Topics: Brain; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	1988
Cerebral thiamine-dependent enzyme changes in experimental Wernicke's encephalopathy. Metabolic brain disease, 1986, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrithiamine; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency;	1986
Involvement of water-soluble vitamins in diseases of swine. Journal of animal science, 1985, Volume: 60, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Biotin; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Folic Acid; F	1985
Thiamin status in Australia. World review of nutrition and dietetics, 1985, Volume: 46 Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholic Beverages; Alcoholism; Australia; Beriberi; Bread; Diet; Feedin	1985
[Role of thiamine in the nervous function]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 1972, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Acetylcholine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Brain; Catecholamines; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Coenzymes;	1972
Nutritional aspects of alcohol consumption. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 1972, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Cholecalciferol; Choline Deficiency; Ethanol; Fatty Liver; Glutamates; Humans;	1972
[Modern thiamine therapy]. Therapie der Gegenwart, 1967, Volume: 106, Issue:12 Topics: Alcoholism; Analgesics; Animals; Anura; Child; Constipation; Cyanates; Dogs; Female; Furans; Gastroi	1967
[The kidney and vitamin B-1 thiamine]. Laval medical, 1969, Volume: 40, Issue:3 Topics: Age Factors; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Birds; Female; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Kidney; Male; Organ Size;	1969
[Review on antivitamins B1]. Acta vitaminologica et enzymologica, 1970, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Fruit; Heart; Lactobacillus; Methods; Mice; Muscles; Nerve Tissue; Phenols;	1970
[The physiological action of thiamine]. Acta vitaminologica et enzymologica, 1971, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anura; Brain; Coenzymes; Liver; Nervous System; Neural Conduction; Rats; Thiamine; Thiamine	1971
Reviews of the progress of dairy science. Section E. Diseases of dairy cattle. Thiamine deficiency, with particular reference to cerebrocortical necrosis--a review and discussion. The Journal of dairy research, 1971, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dogs; Encephalomalacia; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Tetrahydrofolate De	1971
Influence of malnutrition and alcohol on thiamine absorption. Nutrition reviews, 1971, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Alcoholism; Celiac Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Humans; Intestinal Abso	1971

Article	Year
What is the optimum thiamine dose to treat or prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome? Results of a randomized controlled trial. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2022, Volume: 46, Issue:6 Topics: Alcoholism; Ethanol; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopa	2022
Design of a randomized placebo controlled trial of high dose intravenous thiamine for the prevention of delirium in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Contemporary clinical trials, 2020, Volume: 95 Topics: Delirium; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Quality of Life; Thiamine; Thiamine Defic	2020
A multicenter randomized clinical trial of pharmacological vitamin B1 administration to critically ill patients who develop hypophosphatemia during enteral nutrition (The THIAMINE 4 HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA trial). Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021, Volume: 40, Issue:8 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Critical Illness; Enteral Nutrition; Female; H	2021
Adaptation of New Colombian Food-based Complementary Feeding Recommendations Using Linear Programming. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2017, Volume: 65, Issue:6 Topics: Age Factors; Case-Control Studies; Colombia; Female; Food, Fortified; Humans; Infant; Infant Formula	2017
Thiamine dose response in human milk with supplementation among lactating women in Cambodia: study protocol for a double-blind, four-parallel arm randomised controlled trial. BMJ open, 2019, 07-09, Volume: 9, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Breast Feeding; Cambodia; Cognition; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans	2019
Thiamine pharmacokinetics in Cambodian mothers and their breastfed infants. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2013, Volume: 98, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Americas; Beriberi; Breast Feeding; Cambodia; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Infant; La	2013
Double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of benfotiamine for severe alcohol dependence. Drug and alcohol dependence, 2013, Dec-01, Volume: 133, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Algorithms; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Double-Blind M	2013
Thiamin supplementation does not reduce the frequency of adverse events after anti-malarial therapy among patients with falciparum malaria in southern Laos. Malaria journal, 2014, Jul-15, Volume: 13 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antimalarials; Child; Child, Presc	2014
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Critical care medicine, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot	2016
Influence of spironolactone therapy on thiamine blood levels in patients with heart failure. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2008, Volume: 90, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chi-Square Distribution; Chronic Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diuretic	2008
Effectiveness and retention of thiamine and its analogs administered to steelhead and landlocked Atlantic salmon. Journal of aquatic animal health, 2008, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animal Feed; Animals; Diet; Female; Fish Diseases; Injections, Intraperitoneal	2008
Effects of vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency in lake trout alevins and preventive treatments. Journal of aquatic animal health, 2009, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain; Daphnia; Feeding Behavior; Fish Diseases; Models, Biological; Swimming; Thiamine; Th	2009
Thiamine supplementation in symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2012, Volume: 101, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Cross-Over Studies; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doubl	2012
Thiamine supplementation in symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2012, Volume: 101, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Cross-Over Studies; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doubl	2012
Thiamine supplementation in symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2012, Volume: 101, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Cross-Over Studies; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doubl	2012
Thiamine supplementation in symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2012, Volume: 101, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Cross-Over Studies; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doubl	2012
Increased thiamine intake may be required to maintain thiamine status during weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2012, Volume: 98, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Body Mass Index; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Proteins; Erythrocytes;	2012
Impact of thiamine deficiency on T-cell dependent and T-cell independent antibody production in lake trout. Journal of aquatic animal health, 2012, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Antibodies; Diet; Fish Diseases; H	2012
A study of partial thiamin restriction in human volunteers. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1980, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Australia; Erythrocytes; Exercise Test; Humans; Male; MMPI; Neural Conduction; Th	1980
Improved left ventricular function after thiamine supplementation in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy. The American journal of medicine, 1995, Volume: 98, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diuresis; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Erythrocytes; Female; Furo	1995
Thiamine status of elderly patients with cardiac failure including the effects of supplementation. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1994, Volume: 64, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Furosemide; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Nutritional Status; Thiam	1994
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of thiamine hydrochloride in a seasonal ataxia in Nigerians. Neurology, 1994, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Pt 1 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Ataxia; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nigeria	1994
[Content of thiamin in plasma and erythrocytes in patients with end stage renal disease]. Przeglad lekarski, 1996, Volume: 53, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Erythrocytes; Female; Food, Fortified; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Pe	1996
Alcohol, thiamin deficiency, and neuropsychological disorders. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement, 1994, Volume: 2 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholism; Brain Injuries; Cognition Disorders; Double-Blind Meth	1994
The response to treatment of subclinical thiamine deficiency in the elderly. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1997, Volume: 66, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Erythrocytes; Female;	1997
Thiamin treatment and working memory function of alcohol-dependent people: preliminary findings. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2001, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Ataxia; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Korsakoff Syndrome; Me	2001
Thiamine deficiency and unexplained encephalopathy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2001, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Ma	2001
Thiamin and pyridoxine requirements during intravenous hyperalimentation. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1979, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Child, Preschool; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Female; Humans; M	1979
Influence of thiamin supplementation on the health and general well-being of an elderly Irish population with marginal thiamin deficiency. Journal of gerontology, 1991, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diet; Double-Blind Method; Energy Intake; Femal	1991
Effects of a multivitamin and iron supplement on running performance in Gambian children. Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition, 1985, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Child; Double-Blind Method; Female; Ferritins;	1985
Patterns of 35S-thiamine hydrochloride absorption in the malnourished alcoholic patient. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 1970, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Alcoholism; Biopsy; Catheterization; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ethanol; Humans; Intestinal Absorptio	1970
Myoedema and vitamins. British medical journal, 1969, Aug-02, Volume: 3, Issue:5665 Topics: Aged; Edema; Humans; Muscular Diseases; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency	1969

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	Enrollment SOFA score	72 hour SOFA score
Placebo	9.2	5.1
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Corticosteroids	9.1	4.4

thiamine and Deficiency, Thiamine

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (1,377)

Authors

Clinical Trials (21)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Lactate Level

Change in the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score

ICU Free Days

In-hospital Mortality

Kidney Injury Biomarker

Number of Participants Experiences Acute Renal Failure

Number of Participants Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy

Number of Participants With Delirium on Day 3

Novel Biomarkers of Renal Injury

Change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score

Hospital Length of Stay

Hospital Mortality

ICU Length of Stay

ICU Mortality

Procalcitonin (PCT) Clearance

Time to Vasopressor Independence (Hours)

Ventilator Free Days

30-day Mortality

Hospital Disposition: Survivors Discharged Home

Hospital Mortality

ICU Free Days

Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Mortality

Number of Participants With Delirium

Renal Failure

Shock Free Days

Ventilator Free Days

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score at Baseline and 72 Hours

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies