theophylline has been researched along with Alzheimer Disease in 45 studies
Alzheimer Disease: A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
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" Here we have analyzed naturally occurring MTXs caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, and the synthetic MTXs pentoxifylline and propentofylline also used as drugs in different neuroblastoma cell lines." | 4.12 | Methylxanthines Induce a Change in the AD/Neurodegeneration-Linked Lipid Profile in Neuroblastoma Cells. ( Bachmann, CM; Griebsch, LV; Grimm, HS; Grimm, MOW; Hartmann, T; Janitschke, D; Lauer, AA; Pilz, SM; Theiss, EL; Winkler, J, 2022) |
"In the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, the enzymatic activities of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are increased." | 1.46 | N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents. ( Brazzolotto, X; Brus, B; Colletier, JP; Coquelle, N; Gobec, S; Knez, D; Kos, J; Košak, U; Nachon, F; Pišlar, A, 2017) |
"Considering the complex etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), multifunctional agents may be beneficial for the treatment of this disease." | 1.46 | DL-3-n-butylphthalide-Edaravone hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation and monoamine oxidases with high antioxidant potency for Alzheimer's therapy. ( Cao, Z; Deng, Y; Li, Y; Luo, L; Qiang, X; Tan, Z; Xu, R; Yang, X; Zheng, Y, 2017) |
" Moreover, hERG and BBB-PAMPA assays presented safe cardiotoxicity and high CNS bioavailability profiles for 5x." | 1.46 | Discovery of 1-(3-(benzyloxy)pyridin-2-yl)-3-(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)urea: A new modulator for amyloid beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. ( Elkamhawy, A; Hassan, AHE; Lee, J; Moon, B; Pae, AN; Park, BG; Park, HM; Park, JE; Ra, H; Roh, EJ, 2017) |
" These activities, associated to a good predictive bioavailability and a lack of cytotoxicity, design it as a promising hit for further in vivo investigation." | 1.43 | Novel benzylidenephenylpyrrolizinones with pleiotropic activities potentially useful in Alzheimer's disease treatment. ( Corvaisier, S; Cresteil, T; Dallemagne, P; El Kihel, L; Jourdan, JP; Lecoutey, C; Legay, R; Malzert-Fréon, A; Rochais, C; Since, M; Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos, J, 2016) |
"Alzheimer's disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with a complex etiology." | 1.42 | Isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives targeting cholinesterases: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. ( Bajda, M; Brus, B; Gobec, S; Guzior, N; Malawska, B; Rakoczy, J, 2015) |
"Due to the complex nature of Alzheimer's disease, multi-target-directed ligand approaches are one of the most promising strategies in the search for effective treatments." | 1.42 | Synthesis of new N-benzylpiperidine derivatives as cholinesterase inhibitors with β-amyloid anti-aggregation properties and beneficial effects on memory in vivo. ( Bajda, M; Brus, B; Czerwińska, P; Filipek, B; Gobec, S; Malawska, B; Sałat, K; Więckowska, A; Więckowski, K, 2015) |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 2 (4.44) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 2 (4.44) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 34 (75.56) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 7 (15.56) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Sun, Y | 2 |
Chen, J | 1 |
Chen, X | 1 |
Huang, L | 3 |
Li, X | 4 |
Miao, H | 1 |
Meng, F | 1 |
Sang, Z | 12 |
Li, Y | 11 |
Qiang, X | 10 |
Xiao, G | 7 |
Liu, Q | 2 |
Tan, Z | 12 |
Deng, Y | 11 |
Guzior, N | 1 |
Bajda, M | 2 |
Rakoczy, J | 1 |
Brus, B | 3 |
Gobec, S | 5 |
Malawska, B | 3 |
Więckowska, A | 2 |
Więckowski, K | 2 |
Sałat, K | 1 |
Czerwińska, P | 1 |
Filipek, B | 1 |
Jourdan, JP | 1 |
Since, M | 2 |
El Kihel, L | 1 |
Lecoutey, C | 2 |
Corvaisier, S | 2 |
Legay, R | 1 |
Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos, J | 2 |
Cresteil, T | 1 |
Malzert-Fréon, A | 1 |
Rochais, C | 2 |
Dallemagne, P | 2 |
Pan, W | 3 |
Hu, K | 1 |
Bai, P | 3 |
Yu, L | 5 |
Ma, Q | 5 |
Li, T | 1 |
Zhang, X | 3 |
Chen, C | 1 |
Peng, K | 1 |
Liu, W | 8 |
Luo, L | 6 |
Hroch, L | 1 |
Benek, O | 1 |
Guest, P | 1 |
Aitken, L | 1 |
Soukup, O | 2 |
Janockova, J | 1 |
Musil, K | 1 |
Dohnal, V | 1 |
Dolezal, R | 1 |
Kuca, K | 1 |
Smith, TK | 1 |
Gunn-Moore, F | 1 |
Musilek, K | 1 |
Kołaczkowski, M | 1 |
Bucki, A | 1 |
Godyń, J | 1 |
Marcinkowska, M | 1 |
Zaręba, P | 1 |
Siwek, A | 1 |
Kazek, G | 1 |
Głuch-Lutwin, M | 1 |
Mierzejewski, P | 1 |
Bienkowski, P | 1 |
Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, H | 1 |
Knez, D | 3 |
Wichur, T | 1 |
Košak, U | 1 |
Coquelle, N | 2 |
Pišlar, A | 2 |
Nachon, F | 2 |
Brazzolotto, X | 2 |
Kos, J | 2 |
Colletier, JP | 2 |
Yang, X | 5 |
Zheng, Y | 4 |
Cao, Z | 6 |
Su, F | 2 |
Ai, J | 1 |
Xu, R | 5 |
Elkamhawy, A | 1 |
Park, JE | 1 |
Hassan, AHE | 1 |
Ra, H | 1 |
Pae, AN | 1 |
Lee, J | 1 |
Park, BG | 1 |
Moon, B | 1 |
Park, HM | 1 |
Roh, EJ | 1 |
Song, Q | 5 |
Xia, CL | 1 |
Wang, N | 1 |
Guo, QL | 1 |
Liu, ZQ | 1 |
Wu, JQ | 1 |
Huang, SL | 1 |
Ou, TM | 1 |
Tan, JH | 1 |
Wang, HG | 1 |
Li, D | 1 |
Huang, ZS | 1 |
Wang, K | 8 |
Yang, Y | 1 |
Leng, C | 1 |
Xu, Q | 1 |
De Simone, A | 1 |
Bartolini, M | 1 |
Baschieri, A | 1 |
Apperley, KYP | 1 |
Chen, HH | 1 |
Guardigni, M | 1 |
Montanari, S | 1 |
Kobrlova, T | 1 |
Valgimigli, L | 1 |
Andrisano, V | 1 |
Keillor, JW | 1 |
Basso, M | 1 |
Milelli, A | 1 |
Wang, H | 4 |
Ye, M | 2 |
Han, X | 2 |
Yang, J | 2 |
Liu, H | 4 |
Yang, Z | 2 |
Žakelj, S | 1 |
Jukič, M | 1 |
Sova, M | 1 |
Mravljak, J | 1 |
Tian, C | 1 |
Hu, J | 1 |
Pan, T | 1 |
An, B | 1 |
Li, Z | 1 |
Li, W | 1 |
He, Y | 1 |
Ye, C | 1 |
Shi, J | 4 |
Zhang, P | 3 |
Zhu, G | 1 |
Yang, D | 1 |
Fan, X | 1 |
Zhang, Z | 3 |
Cheng, X | 1 |
Zhang, Q | 1 |
Zheng, C | 1 |
Cheng, Y | 1 |
Lu, X | 1 |
Xie, SS | 2 |
Liu, J | 2 |
Tang, C | 1 |
Pang, C | 1 |
Li, Q | 1 |
Qin, Y | 1 |
Nong, X | 1 |
Guo, J | 2 |
Cheng, M | 2 |
Tang, W | 1 |
Liang, N | 1 |
Jiang, N | 1 |
Toublet, FX | 1 |
Lalut, J | 1 |
Hatat, B | 1 |
Davis, A | 1 |
Freret, T | 1 |
Claeysen, S | 1 |
Boulouard, M | 1 |
Zhou, W | 1 |
Wan, Y | 1 |
Wang, R | 1 |
Fang, Y | 1 |
Jin, Y | 1 |
Janitschke, D | 3 |
Lauer, AA | 3 |
Bachmann, CM | 3 |
Winkler, J | 1 |
Griebsch, LV | 1 |
Pilz, SM | 1 |
Theiss, EL | 1 |
Grimm, HS | 3 |
Hartmann, T | 3 |
Grimm, MOW | 3 |
Matsumura, N | 1 |
Aoyama, K | 1 |
Seyfried, M | 1 |
Cao, C | 2 |
Cirrito, JR | 1 |
Lin, X | 2 |
Wang, L | 3 |
Verges, DK | 1 |
Dickson, A | 1 |
Mamcarz, M | 2 |
Zhang, C | 2 |
Mori, T | 1 |
Arendash, GW | 1 |
Holtzman, DM | 1 |
Potter, H | 1 |
Bai, G | 1 |
Nong, J | 1 |
Sussman, S | 1 |
Arendash, G | 1 |
Dall'Igna, OP | 1 |
Porciúncula, LO | 1 |
Souza, DO | 1 |
Cunha, RA | 1 |
Lara, DR | 1 |
Dall'lgna, OP | 1 |
Wolozin, B | 1 |
Lesch, P | 1 |
Lebovics, R | 1 |
Sunderland, T | 1 |
Kanowski, S | 1 |
Fischhof, PK | 1 |
Grobe-Einsler, R | 1 |
Wagner, G | 1 |
Litschauer, G | 1 |
Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
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The Impact of Caffeine on Cognition in Schizophrenia[NCT02832401] | 24 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-09-02 | Completed | |||
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] |
2 reviews available for theophylline and Alzheimer Disease
Article | Year |
---|---|
Glutathione-Mediated Neuroprotective Effect of Purine Derivatives.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Caffeine; Cysteine; Excitatory Amino Ac | 2023 |
Methylxanthines and Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Update.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Neurodegenerative Diseases | 2021 |
1 trial available for theophylline and Alzheimer Disease
Article | Year |
---|---|
Efficacy of xantinolnicotinate in patients with dementia.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Dementia; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Male; Psyc | 1990 |
42 other studies available for theophylline and Alzheimer Disease
Article | Year |
---|---|
Inhibition of cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B activity by Tacrine-Homoisoflavonoid hybrids.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Electro | 2013 |
Discovery of indanone derivatives as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; B | 2014 |
Multifunctional scutellarin-rivastigmine hybrids with cholinergic, antioxidant, biometal chelating and neuroprotective properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Apigenin; Blood-Brain Barrier; Butyr | 2015 |
Isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives targeting cholinesterases: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of potential anti-Alzheimer's agents.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug | 2015 |
Synthesis of new N-benzylpiperidine derivatives as cholinesterase inhibitors with β-amyloid anti-aggregation properties and beneficial effects on memory in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amnesia; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrie | 2015 |
Novel benzylidenephenylpyrrolizinones with pleiotropic activities potentially useful in Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Benzyl Compounds; Cell Proliferation; Dose-R | 2016 |
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-memoquin hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alkanes; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Chemi | 2016 |
Synthesis and evaluation of 4-hydroxyl aurone derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzofurans; Blood-Brain Barrier; C | 2016 |
Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of benzothiazole-based ureas as potential ABAD/17β-HSD10 modulators for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Benzothiazoles; Cell Survival; CHO Cel | 2016 |
Novel multi-target-directed ligands for Alzheimer's disease: Combining cholinesterase inhibitors and 5-HT
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cataly | 2016 |
N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cell Death; Cell Line; Cholinestera | 2017 |
Multitarget drug design strategy against Alzheimer's disease: Homoisoflavonoid Mannich base derivatives serve as acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase B dual inhibitors with multifunctional properties.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | 2017 |
Aurone Mannich base derivatives as promising multifunctional agents with acetylcholinesterase inhibition, anti-β-amyloid aggragation and neuroprotective properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4'-aminochalcone-rivastigmine hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Chalcones; Cholinesterase Inh | 2017 |
DL-3-n-butylphthalide-Edaravone hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation and monoamine oxidases with high antioxidant potency for Alzheimer's therapy.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Antipyrine; Benzofurans; Binding Sites; Bloo | 2017 |
Discovery of 1-(3-(benzyloxy)pyridin-2-yl)-3-(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)urea: A new modulator for amyloid beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Dru | 2017 |
Multifunctional thioxanthone derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Cell Line; Cholinesterase Inhibitors | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Death; Cell Line; | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-O-alkylamine derivatives as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Butyrylcholine | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoline-O-alkylamine derivatives as new multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholin | 2017 |
Hydroxy-substituted trans-cinnamoyl derivatives as multifunctional tools in the context of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cinnamates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Free Radical Scavengers; G | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of phthalimide-alkylamine derivatives as balanced multifunctional cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amines; Binding Sites; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Chol | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-acetyl-5-O-(amino-alkyl)phenol derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzophenones; Binding Sites; Blood- | 2017 |
Design, synthesis and evaluation of 4'-OH-flurbiprofen-chalcone hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Line; Cell Surviva | 2018 |
Multifunctional 5,6-dimethoxybenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one-N-alkylbenzylamine derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Benzylamines; Blood-Br | 2018 |
Multi-target-directed ligands for treating Alzheimer's disease: Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors displaying antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Antioxidants; Butyrylcholinesterase; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Li | 2018 |
Discovery of novel 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, N | 2018 |
Synthesis and evaluation of clioquinol-rolipram/roflumilast hybrids as multitarget-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Aminopyridines; Animals; Benzamides; Clioquinol; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiester | 2019 |
Discovery of 4'-OH-flurbiprofen Mannich base derivatives as potential Alzheimer's disease treatment with multiple inhibitory activities.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Line; Cho | 2019 |
Design, synthesis, in-silico and biological evaluation of novel chalcone-O-carbamate derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Butyry | 2019 |
Design, synthesis, in-silico and biological evaluation of novel chalcone derivatives as multi-function agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Butyrylcholinesterase; Chalcone; Cholinesterase I | 2019 |
The development of 2-acetylphenol-donepezil hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Donepezil; Drug Design; Drug Developm | 2019 |
Development of chalcone-O-alkylamine derivatives as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Biological Tr | 2019 |
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of rasagiline-clorgyline hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B and amyloid-β aggregation against Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Clorgyline; Dose | 2020 |
Pleiotropic prodrugs: Design of a dual butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor and 5-HT
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relation | 2021 |
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel xanthone-alkylbenzylamine hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Benzylamines; Biphen | 2021 |
Methylxanthines Induce a Change in the AD/Neurodegeneration-Linked Lipid Profile in Neuroblastoma Cells.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Caffeine; Cell Line, Tumor; Cholesterol; Humans; Lipids; Neural Stem Cells; Neuro | 2022 |
Unique Role of Caffeine Compared to Other Methylxanthines (Theobromine, Theophylline, Pentoxifylline, Propentofylline) in Regulation of AD Relevant Genes in Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Wild Type Cells.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Caffeine; Cell Line, Tumor; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Essential; Humans; | 2020 |
Caffeine suppresses amyloid-beta levels in plasma and brain of Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Analysis of V | 2009 |
Caffeine synergizes with another coffee component to increase plasma GCSF: linkage to cognitive benefits in Alzheimer's mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Analysis of Variance; Anim | 2011 |
Neuroprotection by caffeine and adenosine A2A receptor blockade of beta-amyloid neurotoxicity.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Brain; Caffein | 2003 |
A.E. Bennett Research Award 1993. Olfactory neuroblasts from Alzheimer donors: studies on APP processing and cell regulation.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; | 1993 |