Page last updated: 2024-11-05

thalidomide and Mouth Ulcer

thalidomide has been researched along with Mouth Ulcer in 37 studies

Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.
thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.
2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"In a phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients who had Behçet's syndrome with active oral ulcers but no major organ involvement to receive either apremilast at a dose of 30 mg or placebo, administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks, followed by a 52-week extension phase."9.30Trial of Apremilast for Oral Ulcers in Behçet's Syndrome. ( Chen, M; Cheng, S; Hatemi, G; Ishigatsubo, Y; Kim, D; Mahr, A; McCue, S; Melikoğlu, M; Paris, M; Song, YW; Takeno, M; Yazici, Y, 2019)
"This study aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of apremilast for oral ulcers (OUs), extra-oral manifestations, and overall disease activity in patients with Behçet's disease (BD)."9.22Beneficial effects of apremilast on genital ulcers, skin lesions, and arthritis in patients with Behçet's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Hirahara, L; Horita, N; Iizuka, Y; Kirino, Y; Mizuki, N; Nakajima, H; Namkoong, HO; Soejima, Y; Takase-Minegishi, K; Takeno, M; Takeuchi, M; Yoshimi, R, 2022)
"This review evaluates the mechanism of action of apremilast, its effect on the number and pain of oral ulcers, other manifestations, such as genital ulcers, disease activity, quality of life and safety profile in Behçet's syndrome patients."9.12An evaluation of apremilast for the treatment of adult patients with oral ulcers associated with Behçet's syndrome. ( Hatemi, G; Özdede, A, 2021)
"Though thalidomide in a dosage of 100 mg/day is the standard treatment for recurrent oral and genital ulcers (OGU), its toxicity would be less important with lower dosage, while its efficacy would be identical."9.09[Treatment of recurrent ulceration with low doses of thalidomide. Pilot study in 17 patients]. ( Berthier, S; de Wazières, B; Dupond, JL; Gil, H; Magy, N; Vuitton, DA, 1999)
"Thalidomide is effective for treating the oral and genital ulcers and follicular lesions of the Behçet syndrome."9.08Thalidomide in the treatment of the mucocutaneous lesions of the Behçet syndrome. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ( Hamuryudan, V; Mat, C; Ozyazgan, Y; Saip, S; Siva, A; Yazici, H; Yurdakul, S; Zwingenberger, K, 1998)
" Sixteen HIV-infected patients with clinical and histological diagnosis of oral recurrent aphthous ulcerations received randomly an 8-week course of either thalidomide or placebo, with an initial oral dosage of 400 mg/d for 1 week, followed by 200 mg/d for 7 weeks."6.69Thalidomide as therapy for human immunodeficiency virus-related oral ulcers: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Esquivel-Pedraza, L; Gonzalez-Guevara, M; Ponce-de-Leon, S; Ramirez-Amador, VA; Reyes-Teran, G; Sierra-Madero, JG, 1999)
" Pearson's correlation coefficients assessed relationships between efficacy endpoints (oral ulcer count, oral ulcer pain, Behçet's Syndrome Activity Scale (BSAS), Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF)) and QoL endpoints for apremilast at Week 12."5.51Impact of apremilast on quality of life in Behçet's syndrome: analysis of the phase 3 RELIEF study. ( Chen, M; Cheng, S; Hatemi, G; Kim, D; Mahr, A; McCue, S; Melikoğlu, M; Paris, M; Takeno, M; Yazici, Y, 2022)
"In a phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients who had Behçet's syndrome with active oral ulcers but no major organ involvement to receive either apremilast at a dose of 30 mg or placebo, administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks, followed by a 52-week extension phase."5.30Trial of Apremilast for Oral Ulcers in Behçet's Syndrome. ( Chen, M; Cheng, S; Hatemi, G; Ishigatsubo, Y; Kim, D; Mahr, A; McCue, S; Melikoğlu, M; Paris, M; Song, YW; Takeno, M; Yazici, Y, 2019)
"This study aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of apremilast for oral ulcers (OUs), extra-oral manifestations, and overall disease activity in patients with Behçet's disease (BD)."5.22Beneficial effects of apremilast on genital ulcers, skin lesions, and arthritis in patients with Behçet's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Hirahara, L; Horita, N; Iizuka, Y; Kirino, Y; Mizuki, N; Nakajima, H; Namkoong, HO; Soejima, Y; Takase-Minegishi, K; Takeno, M; Takeuchi, M; Yoshimi, R, 2022)
"We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, placebo-controlled study in which 111 patients with Behçet's syndrome who had two or more oral ulcers were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg of apremilast twice daily or placebo for 12 weeks."5.20Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study. ( Calamia, KT; Hatemi, G; Korkmaz, C; Liu, Z; Mat, C; Melikoglu, M; Merkel, PA; Pineda, L; Stevens, RM; Tunc, R; Turgut Ozturk, B; Yazici, H; Yazici, Y, 2015)
"This review evaluates the mechanism of action of apremilast, its effect on the number and pain of oral ulcers, other manifestations, such as genital ulcers, disease activity, quality of life and safety profile in Behçet's syndrome patients."5.12An evaluation of apremilast for the treatment of adult patients with oral ulcers associated with Behçet's syndrome. ( Hatemi, G; Özdede, A, 2021)
"Though thalidomide in a dosage of 100 mg/day is the standard treatment for recurrent oral and genital ulcers (OGU), its toxicity would be less important with lower dosage, while its efficacy would be identical."5.09[Treatment of recurrent ulceration with low doses of thalidomide. Pilot study in 17 patients]. ( Berthier, S; de Wazières, B; Dupond, JL; Gil, H; Magy, N; Vuitton, DA, 1999)
"Thalidomide is effective for treating the oral and genital ulcers and follicular lesions of the Behçet syndrome."5.08Thalidomide in the treatment of the mucocutaneous lesions of the Behçet syndrome. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ( Hamuryudan, V; Mat, C; Ozyazgan, Y; Saip, S; Siva, A; Yazici, H; Yurdakul, S; Zwingenberger, K, 1998)
"A 37-year-old female patient experienced oral ulcer and erythema nodosum on the right leg for over 12 months and resisted to Methylprednisolone and Thalidomide."4.12Refractory Behçet's disease treated with low-dose interleukin-2: A case report. ( He, J; Liu, T; Xiao, X; Zhou, W, 2022)
"The study included patients who received apremilast for refractory oral ulcers in addition to meeting International Study Group criteria for BD or the revised International Criteria for Behçet's Disease."4.02Efficacy and safety of apremilast for 3 months in Behçet's disease: A prospective observational study. ( Hirahara, L; Kirino, Y; Mizuki, N; Nakajima, H; Soejima, Y; Takase-Minegishi, K; Takeno, M; Takeuchi, M; Yoshimi, R, 2021)
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apremilast in treating oral ulcers (OUs), the cardinal and high-disabling feature of Behçet's disease (BD)."3.96Efficacy and safety of apremilast for Behçet's syndrome: a real-life single-centre Italian experience. ( Boffini, N; Campochiaro, C; Cariddi, A; Cavalli, G; Dagna, L; De Luca, G; Tomelleri, A; Vanni, D, 2020)
" Sixteen HIV-infected patients with clinical and histological diagnosis of oral recurrent aphthous ulcerations received randomly an 8-week course of either thalidomide or placebo, with an initial oral dosage of 400 mg/d for 1 week, followed by 200 mg/d for 7 weeks."2.69Thalidomide as therapy for human immunodeficiency virus-related oral ulcers: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Esquivel-Pedraza, L; Gonzalez-Guevara, M; Ponce-de-Leon, S; Ramirez-Amador, VA; Reyes-Teran, G; Sierra-Madero, JG, 1999)
"MDS with trisomy 8 has been observed in adult patients with Behçet syndrome with some cases developing prior to the clinical manifestations of the latter."2.44Myelodysplastic syndrome with trisomy 8 associated with Behçet syndrome: an immunologic link to a karyotypic abnormality. ( Bolton-Maggs, P; Field, A; Moots, R; Salim, R; Thachil, JV, 2008)
"Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease, which may involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the oral cavity."2.41[Oral aspects of Crohn's disease]. ( Brand, HS; Scheper, HJ, 2000)
"Oral mucositis is a frequent side-effect of cancer therapy."1.33Effects of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors pentoxifylline and thalidomide in short-term experimental oral mucositis in hamsters. ( Augusto, RF; Brito, GA; Cunha, FQ; Falcão, BA; Leitão, BT; Lima, V; Rebouças, CG; Ribeiro, RA; Souza, ML, 2005)
"Of the 94 patients 50% had an AIDS diagnosis."1.30Severe oral ulceration in patients with HIV infection: a case series. ( Robinson, P; Williams, IG; Zakrzewska, JM, 1997)

Research

Studies (37)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's7 (18.92)18.2507
2000's12 (32.43)29.6817
2010's6 (16.22)24.3611
2020's12 (32.43)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Iizuka, Y1
Takase-Minegishi, K2
Hirahara, L2
Kirino, Y2
Soejima, Y2
Namkoong, HO1
Horita, N1
Yoshimi, R2
Takeuchi, M2
Takeno, M4
Mizuki, N2
Nakajima, H2
Wakiya, R1
Ushio, Y1
Ueeda, K1
Kameda, T1
Shimada, H1
Nakashima, S1
Kato, M1
Miyagi, T1
Sugihara, K1
Mizusaki, M1
Mino, R1
Kadowaki, N1
Dobashi, H1
Hatemi, G5
Mahr, A2
Kim, D2
Melikoğlu, M3
Cheng, S2
McCue, S2
Paris, M2
Chen, M2
Yazici, Y3
Zhou, W1
Liu, T1
Xiao, X1
He, J1
Galán Sánchez, JL1
Eguren Michelena, C1
de la Cueva Dobao, P1
Ishigatsubo, Y1
Song, YW1
Deeks, ED1
Yazici, H4
Wei, Q1
Zhang, X1
Peng, Y1
Chen, K1
Xu, S1
Huang, X1
Zhang, L1
Xie, Q1
He, Y1
Li, Y1
Chai, J1
Özdede, A1
Giácaman von der Weth, MM1
Tapial, JM1
Guillén, BF1
Ferrer, DS1
Sánchez-Carazo, JL1
Ninet, VZ1
De Luca, G1
Cariddi, A1
Campochiaro, C1
Vanni, D1
Boffini, N1
Tomelleri, A1
Cavalli, G1
Dagna, L1
Machaczka, M1
Laurizohn, C1
Aslam, A1
Chalmers, R1
Taylor, J1
Glenny, AM1
Walsh, T1
Brocklehurst, P1
Riley, P1
Gorodkin, R1
Pemberton, MN1
Tunc, R1
Korkmaz, C1
Turgut Ozturk, B1
Mat, C3
Merkel, PA1
Calamia, KT1
Liu, Z1
Pineda, L1
Stevens, RM1
Tebruegge, M1
Pantazidou, A1
Ahrich, N1
Meziane, M1
Khatibi, B1
Senouci, K1
Hassam, B1
Benzekri, L1
Abdel-Karim, A1
Frezzini, C1
Viggor, S1
Davidson, LE1
Thornhill, MH1
Yeoman, CM1
Hamuryudan, V2
Tascilar, K1
Sut, N1
Ozyazgan, Y2
Seyahi, E1
Yurdakul, S2
Gordon, JN1
Goggin, PM1
Hegarty, A1
Hodgson, T1
Porter, S1
Ben Slama, L1
Lima, V1
Brito, GA1
Cunha, FQ1
Rebouças, CG1
Falcão, BA1
Augusto, RF1
Souza, ML1
Leitão, BT1
Ribeiro, RA1
Thachil, JV1
Salim, R1
Field, A1
Moots, R1
Bolton-Maggs, P1
Powell, RJ1
Green, J1
Upjohn, E1
McCormack, C1
Zeldis, J1
Prince, HM1
Zakrzewska, JM1
Robinson, P1
Williams, IG1
Saip, S1
Siva, A1
Zwingenberger, K1
Weinstein, TA1
Sciubba, JJ1
Levine, J1
de Wazières, B1
Gil, H1
Magy, N1
Berthier, S1
Vuitton, DA1
Dupond, JL1
Diz Dios, P1
Sopeña, B1
Cameselle, J1
Butrón, M1
Crespo, M1
Ocampo, A1
Ramirez-Amador, VA1
Esquivel-Pedraza, L1
Ponce-de-Leon, S2
Reyes-Teran, G1
Gonzalez-Guevara, M1
Sierra-Madero, JG1
Scheper, HJ1
Brand, HS1

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Doubleblind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Study, Followed by an Active-treatment Phase to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast (CC-10004) in the Treatment of Subjects With Active Behcet's Disease[NCT02307513]Phase 3207 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-12-30Completed
Evaluation of Topical Rebamipide Versus Topical Betamethasone for Management of Oral Ulcers in Behcet's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT06084624]Phase 1/Phase 240 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-12-31Not yet recruiting
A Phase 2, Open Label Single Arm Study for Evaluating Safety & Efficacy of Apremilast in the Treatment of Cutaneous Disease in Patients With Recalcitrant Dermatomyositis[NCT03529955]Phase 28 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-06-12Completed
A Phase 2, Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study Followed by an Active-Treatment Extension to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast(CC-10004) in the Treatment of Behçet Disease[NCT00866359]Phase 2111 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-08-01Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Area Under the Curve (AUC) for the Number of Oral Ulcers From Baseline Through Week 12 (AUC W0-12)

The number of oral ulcers that was counted for the analysis of the primary endpoint included current and recurrent ulcers at each time point; a single oral ulcer could be recounted multiple times if it persisted or recurred at subsequent visits. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Oral ulcers were assessed at weeks 0 (baseline), 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 during the placebo-controlled period.

InterventionUlcers*days (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo222.14
Apremilast 30 mg BID129.54

Change From Baseline in Behçet's Disease Quality of Life (BD Qol) Scores at Week 12

The Behçet's Disease Quality of Life questionnaire was developed to measure the influence of BD on a particpant's life. It consists of 30 self-completed itemized questions that measure disease-related restrictions on the participant's activities and their emotional response to these restrictions. The total score is the sum of all 30 items (each yes scores 1 and each no scores 0), with 0 representing no influence of Behçet's disease on a participant's quality of life and 30 representing the most severe influence. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionUnits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.5
Apremilast 30 mg BID-3.5

Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF): Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index (BDCAI) at Week 12

The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) consists of 3 component scores: the Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index (BDCAI) score, the Patient's Perception of Disease Activity, and the Clinician's Overall Perception of Disease Activity. The BDCAI consists of 12 questions regarding disease manifestations over the previous 4 weeks, including oral and genital disease activity, as well as other manifestations of BD involving the skin, joints, GI tract, eyes, nervous system, and vascular system. The BDCAI score is the sum score of 12 items and ranges from 0 to 12. A higher score indicates higher level of disease activity (worsening), and a negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionUnits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.4
Apremilast 30 mg BID-0.9

Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF): Clinician's Overall Perception of Disease Activity at Week 12

The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) consists of 3 component scores: the Behçet's disease Current Activity Index (BDCAI) score, the Patient's Perception of Disease Activity, and the Clinician's Overall Perception of Disease Activity. The Clinician's Overall Perception of Disease Activity was assessed on a scale from 1 to 7, where a higher score indicates a higher level of disease activity and a negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionUnits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.7
Apremilast 30 mg BID-1.6

Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF): Patient's Perception of Disease Activity at Week 12

The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) consists of 3 component scores: the Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index (BDCAI) score, the Patient's Perception of Disease Activity, and the Clinician's Overall Perception of Disease Activity. The Patient's Perception of Disease Activity was assessed on a scale from 1 to 7, where a higher score indicates a higher level of disease activity and a negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionUnits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.7
Apremilast 30 mg BID-1.7

Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by Behçet's Syndrome Activity Score (BSAS) at Week 12

The Behçet's Syndrome Activity Score (BSAS) contains 10 questions that assess the number of new oral and genital ulcers and skin lesions, GI, CNS, vascular, and ocular involvement, and the participant's current level of discomfort. The Behçet's Syndrome Activity Score ranges from 0 to 100, with a higher score indicating a higher level of disease activity. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionUnits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-5.41
Apremilast 30 mg BID-17.35

Change From Baseline in Genital Ulcer Pain as Measured by VAS Score at Week 12

Pain of genital ulcers was measured using a 100 mm visual analog scale. The participant was asked to draw a single line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represented the severity of their pain during the previous week, with 0 mm (the left-hand end of the scale) representing no pain and 100 mm (the right-hand end of the scale) representing the worst pain imaginable. The distance of the perpendicular line from the left-hand end of the scale was recorded. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

Interventionmm (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-24.5
Apremilast 30 mg BID-30.0

Change From Baseline in Oral Ulcer Pain as Measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at Week 12

"Pain of oral ulcers was measured using a 100 mm VAS scale. The participant was asked to draw a single line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represented the severity of their pain during the previous week, with 0 mm (the left-hand end of the scale) representing no pain and 100 mm (the right-hand end of the scale) representing the worst pain imaginable. The distance of the perpendicular line from the left-hand end of the scale was recorded.~A negative change from baseline indicates improvement." (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

Interventionmm (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-15.9
Apremilast 30 mg BID-40.7

Change From Baseline in the Total Score of the Static Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) of Skin Lesions of BD at Week 12

"BD-related skin lesions (including acne-like lesions, folliculitis, and erythema nodosum) were evaluated according to the Static Physician's Global Assessment as follows:~Score 0 = clear skin. Score 1 = mild in severity with the presence of 1 to 10 lesions (papules, pustules, cysts) or nodules at any anatomical site.~Score 2 = Moderate severity; presence of 11 to 20 nodules or lesions (papules, pustules, cysts) at any anatomical site.~Score 3 = Severe; presence of > 20 nodules or lesions (papules, pustules, cysts) at any anatomical site.~The total sore was calculated as the sum of the acne-like lesions, folliculitis, and erythema nodosum scores, and therefore ranges from 0 to 9, where a higher score indicates a higher level of activity. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement." (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

Interventionscores on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.8
Apremilast 30 mg BID-0.9

Number of Oral Ulcers Following Loss of Complete Response Through Week 12

Number of oral ulcers reported at the time of the first loss of complete response, ie, at the first instance when a participant had a reappearance of oral ulcers following a complete response, during the placebo-controlled treatment phase. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

Interventionoral ulcers (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo1.5
Apremilast 30 mg BID1.1

Percentage of Participants Who Achieved an Oral Ulcer Complete Response (Oral Ulcer-Free) by Week 6 and Remained Oral Ulcer-Free for at Least 6 Additional Weeks

Participants who were oral ulcer-free by week 6 and remained oral ulcer-free for at least 6 consecutive weeks during the 12-week placebo-controlled treatment phase. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo4.9
Apremilast 30 mg BID29.8

Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Complete Response For Genital Ulcers at Week 12

A genital ulcer complete response at week 12 was defined as participants who were genital ulcer-free at week 12. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Week 12

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo41.2
Apremilast 30 mg BID70.6

Percentage of Participants Who Experienced an Oral Ulcer Complete Response at Week 12

A complete response at week 12 was defined as participants who were oral ulcer free at week 12. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Week 12

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo22.3
Apremilast 30 mg BID52.9

Percentage of Participants With no Oral Ulcers Following a Complete Response

The definition includes participants who remained oral ulcer-free through week 12 after achieving a complete response (oral ulcer-free) prior to week 12. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo13.2
Apremilast 30 mg BID31.3

Time to Oral Ulcer Resolution (Complete Response)

Time to oral ulcer resolution (defined as oral ulcer-free) was the time between the first dose date and the date when a complete response was achieved for the first time during the placebo-controlled treatment phase. For participants who did not achieve complete response or discontinued treatment before a complete response was achieved during the placebo-controlled treatment phase, time to event was censored at the last oral ulcer assessment date during the placebo-controlled treatment phase or the first dose date if there were no postbaseline ulcer assessments. Median and 95% confidence interval was based on Kaplan-Meier estimates. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline to week 12

InterventionWeeks (Median)
Placebo8.1
Apremilast 30 mg BID2.1

Time to Recurrence of Oral Ulcers Following Loss of Complete Response

Time to recurrence of oral ulcers following the loss of complete response (oral ulcer-free) was defined as the first instance when a participant had a reappearance of oral ulcers following a complete response, during the placebo-controlled treatment phase. For participants who did not have oral ulcer recurrence or discontinued treatment before any oral ulcer recurrence during the placebo-controlled treatment phase, time to event was censored at the last oral ulcer assessment during placebo-controlled treatment phase; For participants without any oral ulcer assessment following the first complete response, time to event was censored to the first complete response date. (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: Baseline through week 12

InterventionWeeks (Median)
Placebo2.3
Apremilast 30 mg BID4.6

Number of Participants With TEAEs During the Apremilast-Exposure Period

"The apremilast-exposure period started on the date of the first dose of apremilast (week 0 for participants assigned to apremilast or week 12 for participants who were originally assigned to placebo and switched to apremilast at week 12) and ended 28 days after last dose in the active treatment phase.~An AE is any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence that may appear or worsen in a subject during the course of a study. An SAE is any AE that resulted in death; was life-threatening; required or prolonged inpatient hospitalization; resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect; or constituted an important medical event. The investigator assessed the severity of each event according to the grading scale:~Mild: asymptomatic or mild symptoms; Moderate: symptoms causing moderate discomfort, local or noninvasive intervention indicated; Severe: symptoms causing severe discomfort or pain, requiring medical/surgical intervention (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: From first dose of apremilast (week 0 for those assigned to apremilast or week 12 for those assigned to placebo) up to 28 days after last dose; up to 56 weeks and 68 weeks in each arm respectively.

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Any TEAEAny Drug-related TEAEAny Severe TEAEAny Serious TEAEAny TEAE Leading to Drug InterruptionAny TEAE Leading to Drug WithdrawalAny TEAE Leading to Death
Apremilast/Apremilast9064171017120
Placebo/Apremilast7029471030

Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) During the Placebo-controlled Treatment Period

"A TEAE is an adverse event (AE) with a start date on or after the date of the first dose of study drug and no later than 28 days after the last dose. An AE is any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence that may appear or worsen in a subject during the course of a study. A serious AE (SAE) is any AE that resulted in death; was life-threatening; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect; or constituted an important medical event. For both AEs and SAEs the investigator assessed the severity of the event according to the grading scale:~Mild: asymptomatic or with mild symptoms; Moderate: symptoms causing moderate discomfort and local or noninvasive intervention is indicated; Severe: symptoms causing severe discomfort or pain, symptoms requiring medical/surgical intervention." (NCT02307513)
Timeframe: From first dose of study drug in the placebo-controlled phase to the first dose of apremilast in the active treatment phase (12 weeks) or up to 28 days after last dose for participants who did not receive study drug at week 12, whichever was earlier.

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Any TEAEAny Drug-related TEAEAny Severe TEAEAny Serious TEAEAny TEAE Leading to Drug InterruptionAny TEAE Leading to Drug WithdrawalAny TEAE Leading to Death
Apremilast 30 mg BID826063930
Placebo743764650

An Additional Endpoint Analysis Would Assess the MMT-8 Score in Patients With Muscle Disease as Measured at 3 and 6 Months Compared to Baseline.

"MMT-8 (Manual Muscle Testing-8) score is a validated tool to assess muscle strength. Calculate the mean change in MMT-8 score at 3 and 6 month(s) compared to baseline in patients with muscle disease.~Units: Units on a scale. Scale goes from 0-150. 150 is perfect strength." (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: Data collected at 3 and 6 months after baseline visit

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
MMT-8 Score at 3 Months143.3
MMT-8 Score at 6 Months144.5

An Additional Secondary Endpoint Analysis Would Assess Quality of Life as Measured at 3 Months Compared to Quality of Life Measured at 6 Months

"Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is a validated tool to measure quality of life in patients with skin disease. Complete response is defined by a DLQI of zero at 3, and 6 months. Partial response is defined by a decrease of DLQI of at least 5 points at 3, and 6 months compared to baseline. Calculation is performed as the DLQI at 3, and 6 months minus the score at baseline. Missing data will be handled using the last observation carried forward approach (LOCF).~Units : Units on a scale from 0-30, higher scores represent worse outcome." (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: Data collected at 3 and 6 months after baseline visit

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
DLQI Score at 3 Months6.3
DLQI Score at 6 Months4.2

An Additional Secondary Endpoint Analysis Would be Durability of Response Measured Participants CDASI Activity Score or Change in Their CDASI Activity Score at 6 Months Compared to 3 Months.

"The durability of response will be measured using the CDASI activity score at 6 months minus CDASI activity score at 3 months. Complete response durability is defined as zero or minus difference between CDASI activity score at 6 months and CDASI activity score at 3 months. Partial response durability is defined as >4 points difference between CDASI activity score at 6 months and CDASI activity score at 3 months. Missing data will be handled using the last observation carried forward approach (LOCF).~CDASI activity score: Units on a scale from 0-100. Higher scores represent worse outcome." (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: Data collected at 6 months compared to data collected at 3 months

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
CDASI Score at 3 Months16.9
CDASI Score at 6 Months14

The Primary Endpoint Analysis Would be Overall Response Rate Measured by the Number of Participants Experiencing at Least 4 Points Decrease in CDASI Activity Score at 3 Months.

"Cutaneous dermatomyositis disease area and severity index (CDASI) activity score is a validated tool to measure skin disease activity in dermatomyositis. The overall response rate (ORR) includes partial and complete responses. Complete response is defined by a CDASI activity score of zero. Partial response is defined by a decrease of CDASI activity score of at least 4 points. Calculation is performed as the CDASI activity score at 3 month(s) minus the score at baseline. Missing data will be handled using the last observation carried forward approach (LOCF).~CDASI activity score: Units on a scale from 0-100. Higher scores represent worse outcome." (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: Data collected at 3 months after baseline visit

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Dermatomyositis Patients With Refractory Cutaneous Disease7

2. The Secondary Endpoint Analysis Would be Safety as Measured by the Number of Participants Experiencing Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events Occurring During 6 Months of Therapy and 1 Month Follow up.

"The proportion of participants experiencing adverse events and serious adverse events was measured over 7 months period (6 months during the study and 1 month follow up) using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0.~Grade refers to severity of the AE. The CTCAE displays Grades 1 to 5 with unique clinical descriptions of severity for each AE:~Grade 1 Mild; asymptomatic or mild symptoms; clinical or diagnostic observations only; intervention not indicated Grade 2 Moderate; minimal, local or noninvasive intervention indicated; limiting age- appropriate instrumental Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Grade 3 Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling; limiting self care ADL Grade 4 Life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated Grade 5 Death related to AE All adverse events subjects experienced were grade 1 or 2 which is mild to moderate in severity." (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: 7 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Headache Grade 1-2Nausea Grade 1-2Diarrhea Grade 1-2Herpes Zoster Grade 1-2Influenza Grade 1-2Pneumonia Grade 1-2Acute sinusitis Grade 1-2Hypertension Grade 1-2Ocular pressure Grade 1-2
Dermatomyositis Patients With Refractory Cutaneous Disease754211111

An Additional Endpoint is to Assess the Gene Expression Profiling and Immunohistochemistry Analysis Change on Skin Biopsies at 3 Months Compared to Baseline.

Skin biopsies from lesional skin will be performed before treatment with apremilast and after 3 months of treatment to assess changes in gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry stain. Gene expression profiling will be analyzed using inferential statistics with a False Discovery Rate (FDR) of < 0.05. (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: Data collected at 3 months after baseline visit

,
InterventionChange (Number)
Down regulated genesUp regulated genes
Skin Biopsy at 3 Months Into Apremilast Therapy for Gene Expression Profiling12372
Skin Biopsy at Baseline for Gene Expression Profiling00

An Additional Endpoint is to Assess the Immunohistochemistry Analysis Change on Skin Biopsies at 3 Months Compared to Baseline.

Skin biopsies from lesional skin will be performed before treatment with apremilast and after 3 months of treatment to assess changes in immunohistochemistry stain. (NCT03529955)
Timeframe: Data collected at 3 months after baseline visit

,
InterventionPercentage of positive cell detection (Mean)
STAT1STAT3
Skin Biopsy at 3 Months Into Apremilast Therapy for IHC50.117.4
Skin Biopsy at Baseline for IHC96.244.3

Area Under the Curve (AUC) for the Number of Oral Plus Genital Ulcers From Day 1 to 85

Area under curve (AUC) from Day 1 to Day 85 (AUC^85) for the number of oral plus genital ulcers per day was determined using the trapezoidal rule and divided by the days between the date of the last observation and baseline. The AUC was determined using the LOCF approach to impute missing values. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 85

Interventiontotal AUC (#ulcers*days) (Mean)
Placebo (Oral) BID193.95
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID65.79

Area Under the Curve (AUC) for the Number of Oral Ulcers From Day 1 to 85

Area under curve (AUC^85) from Day 1 to Day 85 for the number of oral ulcers per day was determined using the trapezoidal rule and divided by the days between the date of the last observation and baseline. The AUC was determined using the LOCF approach to impute missing values. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 85

Interventiontotal AUC (#ulcers*days) (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo (Oral) BID157.82
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID67.74

Behçet's Disease (BD) Current Activity Index Form Score at Day 169

The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index consists of three component scores, a participant's perception of disease activity, a clinician's overall perception of disease activity and a Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index Score. The score ranges from 0 to 12. A higher score indicates higher level of disease activity (worsening) and a negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 169

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg1.4
Apremilast 30mg/Apremilast 30mg1.6

Change From Baseline in the Disease Activity as Measured by BD Current Activity Form/Index Score on Day 197

The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index consists of three component scores, a participant's perception of disease activity, a clinician's overall perception of disease activity and a Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index Score. The score ranges from 0 to 12. A higher score indicates higher level of disease activity (worsening) and a negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 197

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg-0.6
Apremilast 30 mg/Apremilast 30mg BID-1.2

Change From Baseline in the Disease Activity as Measured by BD Current Activity Form/Index Score on Day 85

The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index consists of three component scores, a participant's perception of disease activity, a clinician's overall perception of disease activity and a Behçet's Disease Current Activity Index Score. The score ranges from 0 to 12. A higher score indicates higher level of disease activity (worsening) and a negative change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 85 or to early termination visit

Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.1
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID-1.2

Number of Oral Ulcers at Day 169

The number of oral ulcers were counted at Day 169 in reference to the participants' first day of active treatment (Day 1 or Day 85). (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 169

Interventionulcers/participant (Mean)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg0.4
Apremilast 30 mg /Apremilast 30mg BID (Oral)0.6

Number of Oral Ulcers at Day 197

The number of oral ulcers were counted at each visit and at the end of the treatment period (starting point was at baseline). (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 197

Interventionulcers/participants (Mean)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg1.6
Apremilast 30 mg /Apremilast 30mg BID (Oral)1.7

Number of Oral Ulcers at Day 85

The number of oral ulcers were counted at each visit and at the end of the treatment period (starting point was at baseline). (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 85

Interventionulcers/participants (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo (Oral) BID2.0
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID0.4

Pain of Oral Ulcers as Measured by VAS (VAS Score) at Day 169

A 100-mm VAS pain scale for oral ulcers was completed by the participant at timepoints specified in the protocol. Each 100-mm VAS was presented to the participant on a single sheet of bond paper. The participant was asked to draw a single line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represented the severity of their pain during the previous week, with 0 mm (the left-hand end of the scale) representing no pain and 100 mm (the right-hand end of the scale) representing the worst pain imaginable. The distance of the perpendicular line from the left-hand end of the scale was measured by ruler and recorded. When responding to a VAS item, participants specify their level of agreement to a statement by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 169

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg9.6
Apremilast 30 mg /Apremilast 30mg BID (Oral)9.7

Pain of Oral Ulcers as Measured by VAS (VAS Score) at Day 197

A 100-mm VAS pain scale for oral ulcers was completed by the participant at timepoints specified in the protocol. Each 100-mm VAS was presented to the participant on a single sheet of bond paper. The participant was asked to draw a single line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represented the severity of their pain during the previous week, with 0 mm (the left-hand end of the scale) representing no pain and 100 mm (the right-hand end of the scale) representing the worst pain imaginable. The distance of the perpendicular line from the left-hand end of the scale was measured by ruler and recorded. When responding to a VAS item, participants specify their level of agreement to a statement by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 197

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg21.0
Apremilast 30 mg /Apremilast 30mg BID (Oral)27.2

Pain of Oral Ulcers as Measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at Day 85

A 100-mm VAS pain scale for oral ulcers was completed by the participant at timepoints specified in the protocol. Each 100-mm VAS was presented to the participant on a single sheet of bond paper. The participant was asked to draw a single line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represented the severity of their pain during the previous week, with 0 mm (the left-hand end of the scale) representing no pain and 100 mm (the right-hand end of the scale) representing the worst pain imaginable. The distance of the perpendicular line from the left-hand end of the scale was measured by ruler and recorded. When responding to a VAS item, participants specify their level of agreement to a statement by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 85

Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo (Oral) BID36.7
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID9.9

Percentage of Participants Who Were Genital Ulcer-free (Complete Response)

The percentage of participants who were genital ulcer-free (complete response: free from active genital ulcers) (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 197

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg100
Apremilast 30mg/Apremilast 30mg100

Percentage of Participants Who Were Genital Ulcer-free (Complete Response) at Day 169

The percentage of participants who were genital ulcer-free (complete response: free from active genital ulcers) (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 169

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg66.7
Apremilast 30mg/Apremilast 30mg100

Percentage of Participants Who Were Genital Ulcer-free (Complete Response) at Day 85

The percentage of participants who were genital ulcer-free (complete response: free from active genital ulcers) (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 85

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Placebo (Oral) BID50
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID100

Sum of the Number Oral Ulcers, Genital Ulcers or Oral Plus Genital Ulcers at Day 85

Sum of the number oral ulcers, genital ulcers or oral plus genital ulcers at Day 85 (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 85

InterventionUlcers/participants (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo (Oral) BID2.3
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID0.6

Number of New Manifestations of Behçet's Disease or Flare During the Placebo Controlled Treatment Phase

"A flare was defined as the development of new manifestations of BD or worsening of existing disease, meeting the following criteria:~Organ involvement: any major organ involvement (eg, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract);~Oral/genital ulcers: ≥ 100% increase in the number of oral or genital ulcers from Day 1 or a minimum increase of 3 in the number of oral or genital ulcers, whichever is greater;~Arthritis: ≥ 50% increase in the number of swollen joints, or a minimum increase of 3 swollen joints, whichever is greater;~Skin lesions (non-oral/genital ulcers): ≥ 50% increase in the total score of the Physician's Global Assessment of Skin Lesions, or a minimum increase of 2 in the total score of the Physician's Global Assessment of Skin Lesions, whichever is greater'~New onset or worsening of existing Behçet Disease-related inflammatory eye disease requiring initiation of immunosuppressive therapy (uveitis)." (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 85

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants who had disease flareParticipants with new onset or worsening uveitis
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID120
Placebo (Oral) BID273

Number of New Manifestations of Behçet's Disease or Flare That Were Not Present at Day 1

"A flare was defined as the development of new manifestations of BD or worsening of existing disease, meeting the following criteria:~Organ involvement: any major organ involvement (eg, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract);~Oral/genital ulcers: ≥ 100% increase in the number of oral or genital ulcers from Day 1 or a minimum increase of 3 in the number of oral or genital ulcers, whichever is greater;~Arthritis: ≥ 50% increase in the number of swollen joints, or a minimum increase of 3 swollen joints, whichever is greater;~Skin lesions (non-oral/genital ulcers): ≥ 50% increase in the total score of the Physician's Global Assessment of Skin Lesions, or a minimum increase of 2 in the total score of the Physician's Global Assessment of Skin Lesions, whichever is greater;~New onset or worsening of existing Behçet Disease-related inflammatory eye disease requiring initiation of immunosuppressive therapy (uveitis)." (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 169

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants who experienced a disease flareParticipants with new onset or worsening uveitis
Apremilast 30mg/Apremilast 30mg192
Placebo/Apremilast 30 mg151

Number of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE) During the Placebo Controlled Treatment Phase

A Treatment Emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) was defined as any AE occurring or worsening on or after the first treatment of any study drug, and within 28 days after the last dose of the last study drug. A treatment related toxicity was considered by the investigator to be not suspected or suspected. Severity grades according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 (CTCAE) on a 1-5 scale: Grade 1= Mild AE, Grade 2= Moderate AE, Grade 3= Severe AE, Grade 4= Life-threatening or disabling AE, Grade 5=Death related to AE. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 85; maximum exposure to study drug was 13 weeks during treatment phase

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Any TEAEAny drug related TEAEAny severe TEAEAny serious TEAEAny serious drug related TEAEAny TEAE leading to drug interruptionAny TEAE leading to drug withdrawal
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID493052014
Placebo (Oral) BID502453105

Percentage of Participants Who Were Oral Ulcer-free (Complete Response), or Whose Oral Ulcers Were Reduced by ≥ 50%, (Partial Response)

Comparison of the percentage of participants who were oral ulcer-free (complete response: free from active oral ulcers), or whose oral ulcers were reduced by ≥ 50%, (partial response) between the apremilast-treated and the placebo-treated groups. In this case, partial response also includes complete response. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 85

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Complete ResponsePartial Response
Apremilast 30mg (Oral) BID70.989.1
Placebo (Oral) BID28.650.0

Summary of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events During the Active Treatment-Extension Phase

A Treatment Emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) is as any AE occurring or worsening on or after the first treatment of any study drug, and within 28 days after the last dose of the last study drug. A treatment related toxicity was considered by the investigator to be not suspected or suspected. Severity grades according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 (CTCAE) on a 1-5 scale: Grade 1= Mild AE, Grade 2= Moderate AE, Grade 3= Severe AE, Grade 4= Life-threatening or disabling AE, Grade 5=Death related to AE. (NCT00866359)
Timeframe: Day 1 to Day 197; maximum exposure was 25.1 weeks

,
Interventionparticpants (Number)
Any TEAEAny drug related TEAEAny severe TEAEAny serious TEAEAny serious drug related TEAETEAE leading to drug interuptionTEAE leading to drug withdrawal
Apremilast 30 mg BID/Apremilast 30mg BID (Oral)5033115117
Placebo BID/Apremilast 30 BID (Oral)392011001

Reviews

7 reviews available for thalidomide and Mouth Ulcer

ArticleYear
Beneficial effects of apremilast on genital ulcers, skin lesions, and arthritis in patients with Behçet's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Modern rheumatology, 2022, Oct-15, Volume: 32, Issue:6

    Topics: Arthritis; Behcet Syndrome; Genitalia; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Skin Ulcer; Thalidomide; Ulcer

2022
Apremilast: A Review in Oral Ulcers of Behçet's Disease.
    Drugs, 2020, Volume: 80, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behcet Syndrome; Cyclic Nucleotide Ph

2020
An evaluation of apremilast for the treatment of adult patients with oral ulcers associated with Behçet's syndrome.
    Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2021, Volume: 22, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Quality of Life; Thalidomide

2021
Interventions for the management of oral ulcers in Behçet's disease.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2014, Sep-25, Issue:9

    Topics: Acyclovir; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alanine; Behcet Syndrome; Colchicine; Cyclosporine; Etanercept;

2014
Thalidomide and its derivatives: emerging from the wilderness.
    Postgraduate medical journal, 2003, Volume: 79, Issue:929

    Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Cachexia; Crohn Disease; Graft vs Host Disease; Hematologic Neoplasms; Human

2003
Myelodysplastic syndrome with trisomy 8 associated with Behçet syndrome: an immunologic link to a karyotypic abnormality.
    Pediatric blood & cancer, 2008, Volume: 50, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Anemia, Refractory; Behcet Syndrome; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8; Female; Humans; Immunol

2008
[Oral aspects of Crohn's disease].
    Nederlands tijdschrift voor tandheelkunde, 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:10

    Topics: Crohn Disease; Dental Caries; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; O

2000

Trials

7 trials available for thalidomide and Mouth Ulcer

ArticleYear
Impact of apremilast on quality of life in Behçet's syndrome: analysis of the phase 3 RELIEF study.
    RMD open, 2022, Volume: 8, Issue:2

    Topics: Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Pain; Quality of Life; Thalidomide

2022
Trial of Apremilast for Oral Ulcers in Behçet's Syndrome.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 11-14, Volume: 381, Issue:20

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndr

2019
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Apr-16, Volume: 372, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Meth

2015
Prognosis of Behcet's syndrome among men with mucocutaneous involvement at disease onset: long-term outcome of patients enrolled in a controlled trial.
    Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2010, Volume: 49, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Age of Onset; Behcet Syndrome; Colchicine; Drug Utilization; Follow-

2010
Thalidomide in the treatment of the mucocutaneous lesions of the Behçet syndrome. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Annals of internal medicine, 1998, Mar-15, Volume: 128, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Follow-Up Stu

1998
[Treatment of recurrent ulceration with low doses of thalidomide. Pilot study in 17 patients].
    La Revue de medecine interne, 1999, Volume: 20, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Dermatologic Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Genital Disea

1999
Thalidomide as therapy for human immunodeficiency virus-related oral ulcers: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.
    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1999, Volume: 28, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-HIV Agents; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Or

1999

Other Studies

23 other studies available for thalidomide and Mouth Ulcer

ArticleYear
Efficacy and safety of apremilast and its impact on serum cytokine levels in patients with Behçet's disease.
    Dermatologic therapy, 2022, Volume: 35, Issue:8

    Topics: Behcet Syndrome; Cytokines; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-6;

2022
Refractory Behçet's disease treated with low-dose interleukin-2: A case report.
    Medicine, 2022, Oct-21, Volume: 101, Issue:42

    Topics: Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Erythema Nodosum; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Interleukin-2; Methylp

2022
Apremilast for the treatment of oral aphthae in Behçet disease.
    Medicina clinica, 2020, 12-11, Volume: 155, Issue:11

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Thalidomide

2020
Apremilast to treat oral ulcers in Behçet syndrome.
    Drugs of today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998), 2020, Volume: 56, Issue:5

    Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Thalidomide

2020
Efficacy and safety of apremilast for 3 months in Behçet's disease: A prospective observational study.
    Modern rheumatology, 2021, Volume: 31, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Colchicine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Middle Aged; Ora

2021
Successful treatment by thalidomide therapy of intestinal Behçet's disease associated with trisomy 8 myelodysplastic syndrome.
    Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2021, 06-18, Volume: 60, Issue:6

    Topics: Behcet Syndrome; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestinal Di

2021
Complex Aphthae Treated With Apremilast.
    Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases, 2020, Volume: 26, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Female; Humans; Male; Oral Ulcer; Psoriasis; Stomati

2020
Efficacy and safety of apremilast for Behçet's syndrome: a real-life single-centre Italian experience.
    Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2020, 01-01, Volume: 59, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behcet Syndrome; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; F

2020
Oral lesions in the course of myelofibrosis successfully treated using combination therapy with thalidomide, betamethasone, and cytarabine.
    Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 2013, Volume: 123, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Betamethasone; Candida albicans; Cytarabine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Male; Oral Ulc

2013
Mucocutaneous ulceration in a previously healthy man.
    The Journal of family practice, 2014, Volume: 63, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Crohn Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythema Multiforme; Herpes Simplex;

2014
Images in HIV/AIDS. Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with thalidomide treatment in HIV infection.
    The AIDS reader, 2008, Volume: 18, Issue:10

    Topics: Adolescent; Anti-HIV Agents; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Oral Ulcer; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome; Tha

2008
[Urinary incontinence secondary to thalidomide use].
    Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie, 2008, Volume: 135, Issue:11

    Topics: Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Male; Oral Ulcer; Thalidomide; Urinary Incontinence; Young Adult

2008
Dyskeratosis congenita: a case report.
    Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2009, Volume: 108, Issue:2

    Topics: Anemia; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Dyskeratosis Congenita; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Lichen

2009
Thalidomide for the treatment of recalcitrant oral Crohn's disease and orofacial granulomatosis.
    Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2003, Volume: 95, Issue:5

    Topics: Adolescent; Child; Crohn Disease; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Granuloma; Humans; Immunosuppressive Ag

2003
[Aphthae and aphthosis].
    Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, 2003, Volume: 104, Issue:5

    Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colchicine; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Oral U

2003
Effects of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors pentoxifylline and thalidomide in short-term experimental oral mucositis in hamsters.
    European journal of oral sciences, 2005, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Abscess; Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Erythe

2005
Thalidomide. Treat with caution!
    The Netherlands journal of medicine, 2006, Volume: 64, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Aged, 80 and over; Angiodysplasia; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Cachexia; Drug Design; Female; Hu

2006
Successful treatment of Behçet's disease with lenalidomide.
    The British journal of dermatology, 2008, Volume: 158, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Lenalidomide; Male; Oral Ulcer; Thalidomide

2008
Severe oral ulceration in patients with HIV infection: a case series.
    Oral diseases, 1997, Volume: 3 Suppl 1

    Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Clinical Protocols; Decision Trees; Diagnosis, Differenti

1997
Thalidomide heals AIDS-related mouth ulcers.
    Dentistry today, 1997, Volume: 16, Issue:7

    Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-HIV Agents; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Thalidomide

1997
Thalidomide for the treatment of oral aphthous ulcers in Crohn's disease.
    Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 1999, Volume: 28, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Thalidomide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

1999
Thalidomide for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated refractory oral ulcers.
    Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 2000, Volume: 126, Issue:1

    Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Or

2000
Thalidomide study.
    Project Inform perspective, 1997, Issue:22

    Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Approval; HIV Wasting Syndrome; Humans; Oral Ulcer; Placebos; Pregnan

1997