tetraphenylporphine and Hemolysis

The selection of technological parameters for nanoparticle formulation represents a complicated development phase. Therefore, the statistical analysis based on Box-Behnken methodology is widely used to optimize technological processes, including poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle formulation. In this study, we applied a two-level three-factor design to optimize the preparation of nanoparticles loaded with cobalt (CoTPP), manganese (MnClTPP), and nickel (NiTPP) metalloporphyrins (MeP). The resulting nanoparticles were examined by dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, MTT test, and hemolytic activity assay. The optimized model of nanoparticle formulation was validated, and the obtained nanoparticles possessed a spherical shape and physicochemical characteristics enabling them to deliver MeP in cancer cells. In vitro hemolysis assay revealed high safety of the formulated MeP-loaded nanoparticles. The MeP release demonstrated a biphasic profile and release mechanism via Fick diffusion, according to release exponent values. Formulated MeP-loaded nanoparticles revealed significant antitumor activity and ability to generate reactive oxygen species. MnClTPP- and CoTPP-nanoparticles specifically accumulated in tissues, preventing wide tissue distribution caused by long-term circulation of the hydrophobic drug. Our results suggest that MnClTPP- and CoTPP-nanoparticles represent the greatest potential for utilization in in anticancer therapy due to their effectiveness and safety.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Coordination Complexes; Drug Liberation; Female; HeLa Cells; Hemolysis; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Metalloporphyrins; Metals; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nanoparticles; Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; Porphyrins; Rats, Wistar; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Tissue Distribution; X-Ray Diffraction