tetracycline and Vomiting

The metronidazole resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains has increased rapidly.. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of new 1-week regimens containing ranitidine bismuth citrate, furazolidone and either amoxicillin or tetracycline.. One hundred and twenty patients with H. pylori-positive inactive duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia diagnosed by endoscopy were recruited randomly to receive one of two regimens for 7 days: ranitidine bismuth citrate, 350 mg b.d., furazolidone, 100 mg b.d., and either amoxicillin, 1000 mg b.d. (n=60), or tetracycline, 500 mg b.d. (n=60). H. pylori infection was identified by rapid urease testing and histology. 13C-Urea breath test was performed to evaluate the cure of H. pylori infection at least 4 weeks after completion of triple therapy.. The eradication rates of H. pylori by ranitidine bismuth citrate-furazolidone-amoxicillin and ranitidine bismuth citrate-furazolidone-tetracycline regimens were 82% and 85% (P > 0.05), respectively, by intention-to-treat analysis, and 85% and 91% (P > 0.05), respectively, by per protocol analysis. Adverse effects were mild in both ranitidine bismuth citrate-furazolidone-amoxicillin and ranitidine bismuth citrate-furazolidone-tetracycline groups.. One-week regimens containing ranitidine bismuth citrate, furazolidone and amoxicillin or tetracycline are well tolerated and effective for the eradication of H. pylori.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Bismuth; Diarrhea; Dizziness; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Exanthema; Female; Furazolidone; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Prospective Studies; Pruritus; Ranitidine; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome; Vomiting

New treatments for malaria are urgently needed in areas such as Thailand where highly drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum are prevalent. Mefloquine is rapidly losing efficacy and conventional doses of halofantrine are infective. We therefore used pharmacokinetic stimulation to design an extended-dose halofantrine regimen and tested it in 26 soldiers stationed along the Thai-Cambodian border. Halofantrine was given after meals as three doses of 500 mg each at 4-hr intervals on the first day, followed by 500 mg a day for six days (total dose 4.5 g). Twenty-six soldiers treated with quinine-tetracycline for seven days (Q7T7) served as controls. There were no significant differences in efficacy between halofantrine and Q7T7 (P > 0.1) as assessed by cure rate (92% versus 85%), mean parasite clearance time (82 hr versus 81 hr), or mean fever clearance time (93 hr versus 99 hr). Halofantrine was better tolerated than Q7T7. The side effects score was lower (2 versus 11; P < 0.001), there were less days on which side effects occurred (2.0 days versus 5.5 days; P < 0.001), and fewer patients had adverse effects on every treatment day (4% versus 42%; P < 0.01). High-dose halofantrine is as effective and better tolerated than quinine-tetracycline for multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Chi-Square Distribution; Diarrhea; Dizziness; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mefloquine; Phenanthrenes; Plasmodium falciparum; Quinine; Tetracycline; Thailand; Vomiting

To evaluate two triple-therapy (TT) regimens of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS), metronidazole, and tetracycline HCl in eradicating Helicobacter pylori, with particular attention to the frequency of resulting adverse effects of the two therapies.. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in patients with symptoms of dyspepsia who were positive for H. pylori. Subjects received a 14-day course of either 4 x/day therapy of CBS (108 mg), tetracycline HCl (500 mg), and metronidazole (250 mg), or 5 x/day therapy of CBS (108 mg), tetracycline HCl (250 mg), and metronidazole (200 mg). H. pylori status was determined endoscopically by urease test, histology, and culture. Standard questionnaires were administered to determine compliance to treatment and side effects of therapy.. H. pylori was eradicated in 196/213 (92%) patients in the 4 x/day group and 202/210 (96%) in the 5 x/day group (p = 0.07). Side effects were significantly less frequent and less severe in the 5 x/day group (p < 0.01).. We conclude that a lower dose, 5 x/day triple therapy treatment of H. pylori is equally efficacious to the standard 4 x/day therapy, but is accompanied by fewer and milder adverse effects.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Constipation; Diarrhea; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Nausea; Organometallic Compounds; Patient Compliance; Prospective Studies; Tetracycline; Vomiting

The efficacy of activated charcoal and ipecac syrup in the prevention of drug absorption was studied in 6 healthy adult volunteers, using a randomized, cross-over design. Paracetamol 1000 mg, tetracycline 500 mg and aminophylline 350 mg were ingested on an empty stomach with 100 ml water. Then, after 5 or 30 min, the subjects ingested, either activated charcoal suspension (50 g charcoal), syrup of ipecac, or, only after 5 min, water 300 ml. Activated charcoal, given either after 5 or 30 min, significantly (p less than 0.01 or less 0.05) reduced the absorption of these 3 drugs measured, for example as AUC0-24 h. Syrup of ipecac caused emesis on each occasion, with a mean delay of 15 min. When ipecac was given 5 min after the drugs, its effect on absorption was significant, but when it was given after 30 min only the absorption of tetracycline was reduced. Activated charcoal was significantly (p less than 0.05) more effective than ipecac in reducing drug absorption when given at the same time points. In cases of acute intoxication, depending on the quality and quantity of the drugs ingested, the relative efficacy of charcoal and ipecac may be somewhat different from that observed in the present study. Despite its emetic action, however, ipecac syrup is not very effective in preventing drug absorption and, in general, activated charcoal should also be given after induced emesis or gastric lavage.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Aminophylline; Charcoal; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Ipecac; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Solubility; Tetracycline; Vomiting

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Chloramphenicol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dehydration; Drug Combinations; Dysentery, Bacillary; Female; Fever; Humans; Male; Melena; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Pain; Shigella; Shigella boydii; Shigella dysenteriae; Shigella flexneri; Streptomycin; Sulfamethazine; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Vomiting

Topics: Abdomen; Aged; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Middle Aged; Nausea; Pain; Suppuration; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Vomiting

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Methacycline; Middle Aged; Naphthacenes; Nausea; Paresthesia; Photosensitivity Disorders; Placebos; Sunburn; Sunlight; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Vomiting

To study the efficacy of tetracycline (or doxycycline) and nicotinamide in the treatment of less extensive bullous pemphigoid.. An open trial of 11 patients with bullous pemphigoid. Treatment was initiated with tetracycline 1.5-2 g/day and nicotinamide 1.5-2 g/day and gradually tapered down. Doxycycline was substituted for tetracycline in patients who could not tolerate tetracycline due to gastrointestinal side effects or headache.. 6 out of 11 patients achieved complete response (> 90% decrease in lesions) while another 2 had partial response (50-90% decrease in lesions).. Tetracycline/doxycycline and nicotinamide is a useful alternative treatment for localized bullous pemphigoid, especially in those whose concurrent medical illnesses preclude the use of systemic corticosteroids.

Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Complement C3; Diarrhea; Doxycycline; Drug Combinations; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Follow-Up Studies; Headache; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Niacinamide; Pemphigoid, Bullous; Recurrence; Remission Induction; Skin; Tetracycline; Vomiting

The authors describe the case of a fifty-nine-year-old white man, previously in good health, who initiated his present illness with acute episode of enterocolitis characterized by mild fever and, in the next eight hours, twenty-four episodes of watery diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, as well as generalized sweating and severe weakness secondary to hypovolemia and electrolyte disorder. These complications were corrected in seventy-two hours in the intensive care unit. Two days later, when the patient was stable hemodynamically, under cardiac monitoring and with normal laboratory studies including serum electrolytes, he developed electrocardiographic changes characterized by trifascicular block (prolonged P-R interval, complete right bundle branch block [CRBBB] and left posterior hemiblock [LPH]) with a cardiac rate of thirty beats per minute, for which a temporary pacemaker was inserted. Endomyocardial biopsy showed histopathologic signs of myocarditis and the immunologic study of the cardiac tissue revealed positive polymerize chain reaction (PCR+) with the presence of antitoxine choleric antibodies (AcTCA). After three weeks, the same conduction disturbances remained, for which a permanent pacemaker was inserted. On top of intravenous fluid replacement and electrolyte supplements, the patient was managed with tetracycline 2 g a day for one week and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 800/160 mg a day for two weeks. The purpose of this study is to present a rare and very well-documented myocarditis by cholera in a patient with enteric disease, in whom several cardiac complications occurred.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Bradycardia; Bundle-Branch Block; Cholera; Diarrhea; Electrocardiography; Enterocolitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocarditis; Nausea; Pacemaker, Artificial; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sweating; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Vibrio cholerae; Vomiting

Under combat conditions infectious disease can become a major threat to military forces. During Operation Desert Shield, there were numerous outbreaks of diarrhea among the U.S. forces. To evaluate the causes of and risk factors for diarrheal disease, we collected clinical and epidemiologic data from U.S. troops stationed in northeastern Saudi Arabia.. Between September and December 1990, stool cultures for enteric pathogens were obtained from 432 military personnel who presented with diarrhea, cramps, vomiting, or hematochezia. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 2022 soldiers in U.S. military units located in various regions of Saudi Arabia.. A bacterial enteric pathogen was identified in 49.5 percent of the troops with gastroenteritis. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei were the most common bacterial pathogens. Of 125 E. coli infections, 39 percent were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 63 percent to tetracycline, and 48 percent to ampicillin. Of 113 shigella infections, 85 percent were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 68 percent to tetracycline, and 21 percent to ampicillin. All bacterial isolates were sensitive to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. After an average of two months in Saudi Arabia, 57 percent of the surveyed troops had at least one episode of diarrhea, and 20 percent reported that they were temporarily unable to carry out their duties because of diarrheal symptoms. Vomiting was infrequently reported as a primary symptom, but of 11 military personnel in whom vomiting was a major symptom, 9 (82 percent) had serologic evidence of infection with the Norwalk virus.. Gastroenteritis caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli and shigella resistant to a number of drugs was a major problem that frequently interfered with the duties of U.S. troops during Operation Desert Shield.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Diarrhea; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Dysentery, Bacillary; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Feces; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Military Personnel; Norwalk virus; Saudi Arabia; Shigella sonnei; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; United States; Vomiting; Warfare

Antibiotic therapy has been shown to be of no value in the treatment of the URI--either in shortening the course of the acute illness or in preventing the development of secondary bacterial infections. Patient expense, as well as the threat of adverse reactions, should prohibit the present practice by some of routinely prescribing tetracycline, erythromycin, and ampicillin. Indiscriminate antibiotic therapy cannot substitute for proper diagnostic evaluation of the patient who may have either a bacterial or, far more likely, a viral illness.

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Guaiacol; Humans; Mycoplasma Infections; Otitis Media; Penicillin V; Penicillins; Pharyngitis; Prospective Studies; Respiratory Tract Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Vomiting

Topics: Adolescent; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Cyclacillin; Drug Hypersensitivity; Exanthema; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pediatrics; Penicillins; Private Practice; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline; Vomiting

Seven cases are reported in which drugs of the tetracycline group produced a fall in the glomerular filtration rate. In six patients there was a primary underlying renal disease and renal impairment. All seven patients were made seriously ill by the antibiotic. Two patients required immediate haemodialysis; one died and the other continued on dialysis until transplanted. Another patient initially responded to intravenous fluids and protein restriction but his renal function deteriorated and four months later he began maintenance haemodialysis. Three patients required peritoneal dialysis. The seventh patient responded satisfactorily to conservative management. The medical and medicolegal complications arising from the use of tetracycline in patients with renal disease are discussed. Yet another plea is made that drugs of the tetracycline group other than doxycycline should not be given to patients with chronic renal failure.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Body Weight; Creatinine; Diarrhea; Dietary Proteins; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Oxytetracycline; Peritoneal Dialysis; Renal Dialysis; Tetracycline; Urea; Vomiting

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Chlortetracycline; Demeclocycline; Diarrhea; Drug Combinations; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Metoclopramide; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nausea; Promazine; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Urethritis; Vomiting

Topics: Acidosis; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bangladesh; Bicarbonates; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholera; Dehydration; Diarrhea; Female; Glucose; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Refugees; Sodium Chloride; Solutions; Tetracycline; Vomiting; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Culture Media; Doxycycline; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Penicillins; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Vomiting

Topics: Amino Acids; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Barium Sulfate; Body Weight; Celiac Disease; Chloramphenicol; Colon; Dietary Fats; Esophagoscopy; Fats; Feces; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Lipids; Malabsorption Syndromes; Manometry; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Radiography; Tetracycline; Transplantation, Autologous; Vomiting

Topics: Age Factors; Autopsy; Bronchopneumonia; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorpromazine; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kwashiorkor; Male; Measles; Penicillins; Pertussis Vaccine; Phenobarbital; Prognosis; Seizures; Tetracycline; Tuberculosis; Uganda; Vomiting; Whooping Cough

Topics: Anorexia Nervosa; Brain Diseases; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Headache; Humans; Male; Papilledema; Pseudotumor Cerebri; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Vomiting

Topics: Adult; Albumins; Alkalosis; Amino Acids; Anorexia Nervosa; Arteries; Bicarbonates; Blood Proteins; Edema; Feces; Folic Acid; Haptoglobins; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypokalemia; Iron; Kidney; Lipid Metabolism; Lipoproteins; Male; Muscles; Muscular Atrophy; Nitrogen; Nutrition Disorders; Potassium; Protein Binding; Psychotherapy; Serum Albumin; Serum Globulins; Spleen; Tetracycline; Thinness; Time Factors; Urine; Veins; Vomiting

Topics: Adolescent; Blood Transfusion; Cephaloridine; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Female; Fever; Fibrinogen; Heparin; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Pharyngitis; Tetracycline; Trephining; Vomiting

Topics: Administration, Oral; Diarrhea; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Nausea; New York City; Tetracycline; United States; Urethritis; Vomiting

Topics: Actinomycosis; Adolescent; Adult; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Fungi; Headache; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Phlebitis; Sclerosis; Skin Manifestations; Tetracycline; Vomiting

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Diarrhea, Infantile; Enteritis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Meningitis; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis; Sepsis; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Tooth Diseases; Tooth, Deciduous; Vomiting; Whooping Cough

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Bacteriological Techniques; Cephalothin; Child; Chloramphenicol; Cloxacillin; Diarrhea; Eosinophilia; Erythromycin; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Methicillin; Nausea; Penicillin G; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillin V; Physician-Patient Relations; Pruritus; Respiratory Tract Infections; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Urticaria; Vomiting

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Child; England; Erythromycin; Fever; General Practice; Headache; Hemoptysis; Humans; Staphylococcal Infections; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Vomiting

Boric acid poisoning in 11 infants, occurring in the newborn nursery as a result of the accidental and inadvertent use of 2.5% boric acid in the preparation of the formulae, is reported. Five of the infants died. All except two exhibited the classical symptomatology of acute boric acid poisoning, namely, diarrhea, vomiting, erythema, exfoliation, desquamation of the skin, and marked central nervous system irritation. Early manifestations of poisoning were nonspecific, and one patient died before skin manifestations were noted. Peritoneal dialysis, instituted in nine cases, was found to be the most effective method of treatment. It is recommended that boric acid, which is of doubtful therapeutic value, should be completely removed from hospitals, dispensaries and pharmacopoeias.

Topics: Acidosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Borates; Boric Acids; Color Perception Tests; Dehydration; Diarrhea; Diarrhea, Infantile; Erythema; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; Gastric Lavage; Hypernatremia; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Peritoneal Dialysis; Phenobarbital; Seizures; Tetracycline; Toxicology; Vomiting

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Bronchial Diseases; Candidiasis; Diarrhea; Lung Diseases; Nausea; Nystatin; Tetracycline; Toxicology; Vomiting