tetracycline and Syphilis--Congenital

Clinical manifestations of primary, secondary, congenital, and late syphilis are described. Darkfield examination is the most important laboratory method for diagnosis of primary syphilis. The VDRL and FTA-ABS are the most common serologic tests used for diagnosis and follow-up. Penicillin remains the treatment of choice in nonallergenic patients.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Erythromycin; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Homosexuality; Humans; Male; Penicillin G; Sexual Behavior; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chancroid; Female; Gonorrhea; Granuloma Inguinale; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lymphogranuloma Venereum; Male; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline

Penicillin remains the treatment of choice for syphilis, with sustained low blood levels curing virtually all patients having early syphilis and halting disease progression in most patients with symptomatic syphilis. Tetracycline, erythromycin or cephalothin yields similar cure rates for patients with early syphilis who are allergic to penicillin. The efficacy of non-penicillin regimens for the treatment of late syphilis is uncertain. Results of Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) or other reagin tests should become negative or remain at very low titer following adequate therapy, although results of Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) and fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbed (FTA-ABS) tests often remain positive.

Topics: Cephalexin; Cephaloridine; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Drug Hypersensitivity; Erythromycin; Female; Fever; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Neurosyphilis; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Cardiovascular; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline; Treponema pallidum; United States

Topics: Cephaloridine; Collagen Diseases; Complement Fixation Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythromycin; False Negative Reactions; False Positive Reactions; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Methods; Penicillins; Precipitin Tests; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline; Treponema Immobilization Test; Treponema pallidum

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Female; Glucocorticoids; Gonorrhea; Haemophilus Infections; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Metronidazole; Mycoplasma Infections; Ophthalmia Neonatorum; Penicillin G Procaine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Trichomonas Vaginitis; Vaginal Diseases

Topics: Cephalosporins; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Erythromycin; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillins; Probenecid; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Spectinomycin; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Urethritis

Congenital syphilis remains a significant cause of newborn mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental problems in some low- and middle-income countries. This study was done in Honiara, Solomon Islands to determine the incidence of babies born to mothers with a positive venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test and a positive Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA); to determine the VDRL status of newborns and features of congenital syphilis; and to estimate the proportion of stillbirths associated with syphilis.. All neonates born to VDRL-positive mothers, including stillbirths were included between April and July 2019. Neonates were examined, investigated and treated.. Among 1534 consecutive births, 1469 were live births and 65 (4.2%) were stillbirths. One hundred and forty-three neonates were born to VDRL-positive mothers: 130 (90.1%) were live infants and 13 (8.9%) stillbirths. Of the 130 VDRL-exposed live-born infants, 72 (55%) had reactive VDRL and a positive TPHA and 7 (9.7%) had clinical signs of congenital syphilis. Five of the infants with clinical signs of syphilis infection had a 4-fold higher VDRL titre than their mother. Four infants of VDRL-positive mothers died during admission, all of whom had clinical signs of syphilis. Ninety percent of affected infants were born to mothers who were not treated or only partially treated during pregnancy.. In this study, 1:210 live-born babies had clinical and serological evidence of congenital syphilis, and evidence of Treponema infection was found disproportionately in stillbirths. In a setting where Treponema infections are common, an empirical approach to prevention may be needed.

Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Male; Melanesia; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Stillbirth; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome; Treponema pallidum; Yaws

IgG antibodies from mothers adequately treated for syphilis can cross the placenta and appear in the sera of healthy newborns without infection. In such infants, a false diagnosis of congenital syphilis is often made. We have designed a retrospective survey to determine the time of seroreversion of the serological tests for syphilis (STS) in uninfected newborns born to mothers who were adequately treated for syphilis.. Fifty two seropositive, untreated newborns born to 51 mothers treated for syphilis were studied. The newborns were followed at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age until seroreversion was detected. The VDRL test was followed until 12 months in 12 of the 22 newborns who were positive at birth, the TPHA in 21 of the 46 newborns, and the FTA-ABS test in 22 of the 48 newborns.. In the first serological tests done within 1 month after birth, the VDRL was positive in 22 newborns (42%), the TPHA in 46 (88%), and FTA-ABS in 48 (92%). The VDRL seroreverted within 6 months after birth in 84%, and within 1 year in 100%. The TPHA test seroreverted in 95% within 1 year after birth. The FTA-ABS test seroreverted in 100% within 1 year after birth.. In most seropositive, untreated newborns born to treated mothers the VDRL became negative within 6 months after birth and the TPHA and FTA-ABS within 1 year. This result is consistent with current Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines. However, although the CDC guidelines are adequate in general, we think that some revision is desirable concerning the IgM test and combination of the test results in order to rule out congenital syphilis in seropositive, nonsymptomatic newborns born to the treated mothers.

Topics: Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infant, Newborn; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Retrospective Studies; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Treponema pallidum

Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Penicillin G; Penicillin G Benzathine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, is widespread but most common in large cities. The various stages include primary, secondary, latent, tertiary (late), and congenital syphilis and neurosyphilis. Definitive diagnosis is made by finding spirochetes on a darkfield examination of material from a chancre or moist mucosal lesion. Serologic tests for syphilis in common use in the United States include the VDRL and the FTA-ABS. Penicillin is the drug of choice for all stages of syphilis, with tetracycline or erythromycin indicated in certain patients. Accurate and prompt reporting of syphilis cases is an important factor in disease control.

Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Neurosyphilis; Penicillin G; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline; Treponema pallidum

Topics: Administration, Oral; Drug Administration Schedule; Erythromycin; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intramuscular; Neurosyphilis; Penicillin G; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline

Topics: Erythromycin; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline

Topics: Drug Hypersensitivity; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline

Topics: Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Penicillin G; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Recurrence; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline

Topics: Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Male; Neurosyphilis; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Syphilis; Syphilis, Cardiovascular; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline

Topics: Cephaloridine; Erythromycin; False Positive Reactions; Female; Flocculation; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Premarital Examinations; Prenatal Care; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Treponema Immobilization Test; Treponema pallidum

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Vaccines; Bacteriological Techniques; Culture Media; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Haplorhini; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; National Institutes of Health (U.S.); Penicillins; Pregnancy; Rabbits; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Treponema; Treponema Immobilization Test; Treponema pallidum; United States

Topics: Australia; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Penicillins; Sex Factors; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline; Urethritis

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Androgens; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Erythroblastosis, Fetal; Female; Goiter; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline; Thalidomide; Tooth Discoloration; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines; Virus Diseases

Topics: Aluminum; Child; Chlortetracycline; Ethylenediamines; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Massachusetts; Neurosyphilis; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin G; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillin Resistance; Pharmacology; Procaine; Syphilis; Syphilis Serodiagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital; Syphilis, Latent; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biomedical Research; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Syphilis; Syphilis, Congenital; Tetracycline