tetracycline and Rodent-Diseases

Topics: Animals; Arginine; Carbamazepine; Chlorpropamide; Clofibrate; Cyclic AMP; Diabetes Insipidus; Hypothalamus; Kidney Diseases; Lithium; Methoxyflurane; Peptide Biosynthesis; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline; Vasopressins; Vermont

Bordetella pseudohinzii is a microbial agent of potential importance in mice and has confounded pulmonary research at our institution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cross-foster rederivation and antibiotic administration in the drinking water as methods to eradicate B. pseudohinzii. To evaluate the efficacy of cross-foster rederivation, 29 litters representing 16 strains of mice were cross-fostered from cages positive for B. pseudohinzii to B. pseudohinzii-negative Crl:CD1-Elite surrogate dams. To evaluate antibiotic administration, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (TMS; 0.66 and 0.13 mg/mL, respectively) and tetracycline (4.5 mg/mL) were administered in the drinking water. We assessed 3 antibiotic treatment groups with 12 B. pseudohinzii-positive cages per group (6 cages of CD1 and 6 cages of C57BL/6 mice): TMS for 4 wk, TMS for 6 wk, and tetracycline for 6 wk. Of the 29 litters that underwent cross-foster rederivation, 24 were negative for B. pseudohinzii. Five of the 12 cages treated with TMS for 4 wk and 1 of the 12 cages treated with TMS for 6 wk were negative for B. pseudohinzii at 2 wk after treatment. Three of the 12 cages treated with tetracycline were negative for B. pseudohinzii at 2 wk after treatment. Pearson χ2 analysis revealed significant association between the method of eradication (cross-foster rederivation compared with antibiotic administration) and B. pseudohinzii infection, and an odds-ratio estimate from a logistic regression demonstrated that cross-foster rederivation was more successful. Whereas antibiotic administration in the drinking water failed to eradicate B. pseudohinzii, cross-foster rederivation was successful and has been used to establish a B. pseudohinzii-negative barrier.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Drinking Water; Female; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzoates; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Insecticides; Mite Infestations; Murinae; Rodent Diseases; Sarcoptes scabiei; Scabies; Tetracycline; Water Supply

In order to identify the alternative effective chemotherapeutic agents for murine babesiosis, some selected drugs were examined for their efficacy against protozoan infection in the mouse-Babesia rodhaini (B. rodhaini) model. Clindamycin was not completely effective for elimination of parasites in a dose of 50 mg or 100 mg/kg BW/day b.i.d. but effective to prolong the life span of hosts, while it completely cured B. rodhaini infections in a dose of 200 mg. On the other hand, a double therapy consisting of 2 treatments with 100 mg clindamycin and 100 mg clindamycin and with 100 mg clindamycin and 100 mg tetracycline; respectively, and a single therapy with 100 mg tetracycline or 200 mg clindamycin, had a possibility to clear away B. rodhaini organisms from hosts. However, almost all the treatment groups, had a relapse of the infection within 10 days post treatment or re-treatment. Cured mice by treatment with clindamycin and clindamycin, or clindamycin and tetracycline showed complete resistance against challenge with B. rodhaini, while mice cured by administration of clindamycin at 200 mg or tetracycline at 100 mg showed incomplete resistance to challenge infection. The present data suggest that the two former chemotherapies can induce effective protective immunity (premunization), but the latter two chemotherapies induce incomplete premunization.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Babesia; Babesiosis; Clindamycin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Male; Mice; Recurrence; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Helicobacter hepaticus colonizes the cecum and colon of several strains of mice from a variety of commercial suppliers, persistently infects mice, causes chronic hepatitis, is linked to hepatic tumors in A/JCr mice, and has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease of athymic and scid mice. For this reason, eradication of the organism from infected mouse colonies is desirable. We recently reported that amoxicillin or tetracycline-based triple therapy (amoxicillin or tetracycline in combination with metronidazole and bismuth) given by oral gavage 3 times daily for 2 weeks eradicated H. hepaticus in 8- to 10-week-old A/JCr mice. To establish a more convenient therapy regimen for eradicating H. hepaticus, we evaluated water and dietary administration of various antibiotic combinations in A/JCr and DBA/2 mice naturally infected with H. hepaticus. The A/JCr male mice received amoxicillin-based triple therapy in drinking water or by oral gavage, or received tetracycline-based triple therapy in the drinking water. The DBA/2J female mice received amoxicillin-based triple therapy in a specially formulated dietary wafer or by oral gavage, or received enrofloxacin in drinking water. All treatments were given for a 2-week period. Control animals received no treatment. One month after treatment, H. hepaticus was recovered from the liver, cecum, or colon of A/JCr control mice and mice receiving amoxicillin- or tetracycline-based triple therapy in drinking water but not in mice receiving amoxicillin-based triple therapy by oral gavage. Helicobacter hepaticus was not recovered from DBA/2J mice receiving amoxicillin-based triple therapy in dietary wafer or by oral gavage but was recovered from control mice and 7 of 10 mice receiving enrofloxacin in drinking water. Results indicate that amoxicillin-based triple therapy administered in the diet or by oral gavage is effective in eradicating H. hepaticus. Antibiotics administered in the water, however, were not effective in eradicating the organism.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Base Sequence; Bismuth; Diet; Drinking; Female; Helicobacter; Helicobacter Infections; Male; Metronidazole; Mice; Mice, Inbred A; Mice, Inbred DBA; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Pasteurella pneumotropica, a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, can be isolated from the oropharynx, intestinal tract, and reproductive tract of clinically normal mice and has been associated with various clinical syndromes, including conjunctivitis, infections of the reproductive tract, otitis, and subcutaneous abscess formation. Enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone bactericidal antimicrobial, has been shown to be effective in eliminating P. multocida from rabbits. We sought to determine whether enrofloxacin would eliminate P. pneumotropica from mice known to be asymptomatically infected with the agent. Pasteurella pneumotropica-positive (culture and immunofluorescence assay) male (n = 55) and female (n = 55) C57BL/6N mice were randomly assigned to one of seven treatment groups or to a control group. These groups were designed to evaluate the efficacy of enrofloxacin administered orally via the drinking water or parenterally at three dosages (8.5, 25.5, and 85.0 mg/kg of body weight per day) over a 14-day treatment period. A tetracycline-treated group (60 mg/kg per day) and an untreated control group were included for comparisons. Repeated oropharyngeal swab and fecal specimens were obtained for culture through posttreatment day 30, and specimens from numerous enteric and reproductive organs collected during necropsy were used to evaluate group differences. Enrofloxacin eliminated evidence of P. pneumotropica from all sites when administered at 25.5 or 85 mg/kg but not at 8.5 mg/kg by either route for at least 30 days after treatment. Tetracycline-treated and control groups remained consistently culture-positive throughout the study. We concluded that the oral route may be a more practical method for treating large numbers of mice. Enrofloxacin may be a practical and inexpensive alternative to cesarian rederivation or embryo transfer for the elimination of P. pneumotropica in mice.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Enrofloxacin; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Quinolones; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

The use of antibiotic combinations to prevent acute and progressive chronic hepatitis and proliferative typhlitis associated with Helicobacter hepaticus infection in male scid/NCr mice was evaluated. The drug combinations used were amoxicillin-metronidazole-bismuth, tetracycline-metronidazole-bismuth, amoxicillin-neomycin, neomycin alone, and amoxicillin alone. Treatments were administered per os for 14 days beginning at 4 weeks of age. All mice remained clinically normal throughout the study. Specimens from mice were evaluated histologically at 21, 60, 90, and 120 days after initiation of the antibiotic treatments. Results of histologic examination and use of special stains indicated that the antibiotic regimens containing amoxicillin prevented progressive chronic hepatitis and typhlitis. Helical bacteria were not observed histologically in the liver or cecum of amoxicillin-treated mice. Helical bacteria were observed in the liver and cecum of untreated mice and in the cecum of mice treated with antibiotic regimens not containing amoxicillin. Untreated mice and those treated with amoxicillin were evaluated by culture for presence of H. hepaticus at 60 and 90 days and by polymerase chain reaction at 90 days after initiation of the antibiotic treatment. All untreated mice were test-positive by fecal/cecal culture, and three of five were positive by polymerase chain reaction. All mice treated with amoxicillin were negative for H. hepaticus by results of culture and polymerase chain reaction. The oral administration of amoxicillin to young scid mice via the drinking water prevents hepatitis and typhlitis caused by H. hepaticus.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Cecal Diseases; Cecum; Chronic Disease; Helicobacter; Helicobacter Infections; Hepatitis, Animal; Inflammation; Liver; Male; Metronidazole; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neomycin; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Disease Outbreaks; Enteritis; Feces; Female; Formaldehyde; Fumigation; Housing, Animal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Rodent Diseases; Salmonella; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Tetracycline

The effects of three antibiotics on hamsters inoculated with a ground suspension of proliferative ilea were evaluated. All antibiotics were administered in the drinking water. Tetracycline hydrochloride (400 mg/liter drinking water) was most effective in reducing the number of hamsters which developed proliferative ileitis. Dimetridazole (500 mg/liter drinking water) was less effective than tetracycline. Neomycin (125 mg/liter drinking water or 10 mg/hamster) had no effect when compared to untreated inoculated control hamsters.

Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Dimetridazole; Female; Ileitis; Male; Mesocricetus; Neomycin; Nitroimidazoles; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia was diagnosed in 6-month-old A/J mice kept under standard laboratory conditions. Bacterial cultures revealed the presence of Citrobacter freundii (4280). Clinical signs included rough coats, feces adhering to the anus, slight dehydration and rectal prolapses. A nonclotting sanquinous intestinal fluid and gross colonic thickening were frequently seen at necropsy. Morbidity was approximately 50%; mortality approximately 25%. Tetracycline appeared to be effective in controlling the disease.

Topics: Animals; Colonic Diseases; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Chloroquine; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Malaria; Mice; Minocycline; Plasmodium berghei; Rodent Diseases; Spectrum Analysis; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Bacillus; Liver Diseases; Mice; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bacteria; Corynebacterium; Cricetinae; Diarrhea; Enterobacter; Escherichia coli; Female; Graft vs Host Disease; Intestines; Lactobacillus; Leukopenia; Lymphocytes; Male; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rodent Diseases; Rodentia; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Sulfaguanidine; Sulfathiazoles; Tetracycline; Thymectomy

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Cortisone; Encephalitis; Erythromycin; Kanamycin; Liver Diseases; Mice; Penicillins; Pharmacology; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Research; Rodent Diseases; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline