tetracycline and Muscular-Diseases

Whipple's disease is a systemic bacterial infection that once was uniformly fatal and now is treatable with several different antibiotics in most cases. The exact nature of the Whipple's bacillus is unknown, since the organism cannot consistently be cultured. There is also controversy concerning the role of immunologic dysfunction in patients with Whipple's disease. In addition to the small intestine, Whipple's disease can involve the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the lymph nodes, joints, nervous system, heart, eyes, hematopoietic system, lungs, liver, and other organs. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare but fascinating disease will be reviewed in this article.

Topics: Bacterial Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Combinations; Eye Diseases; Heart Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Joint Diseases; Lung Diseases; Lymphatic Diseases; Muscular Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Penicillins; Skin Diseases; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Whipple Disease

Control of gene expression for gene therapy application requires the design of a sophisticated system embodying multiple properties. The ideal system should present the following features: (1) low or undetectable gene expression in the absence of inducer; (2) strong expression upon induction; and (3) fast kinetics of induction in the presence of inducers and rapid reversal of induction after its withdrawal. To evaluate these parameters, the features of the latest generation tetracycline-sensitive reverse-transactivator (rtTA2(s)-M2) alone or in combination with Tet-repressor (tTS-Kid) were explored in the context of helper-dependent adenovirus vector. Various genetic elements were assembled in a series of vectors and the ability to control secreted alkaline phosphatase expression evaluated in vitro in HeLa cells and in vivo by intramuscular injection in both C57/B6 and Balb/C nude mice. The results allow us to draw some general conclusions about the combination of transcription regulators and their relative orientation to the transgene to achieve maximal induction, while minimizing leakiness of expression.

Topics: Adenoviridae; Animals; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; HeLa Cells; Helper Viruses; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Nude; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Tetracycline

A noninvasive, real-time detection technology was validated for qualitative and quantitative antimicrobial treatment applications. The lux gene cluster of Photorhabdus luminescens was introduced into an Escherichia coli clinical isolate, EC14, on a multicopy plasmid. This bioluminescent reporter bacterium was used to study antimicrobial effects in vitro and in vivo, using the neutropenic-mouse thigh model of infection. Bioluminescence was monitored and measured in vitro and in vivo with an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera system, and these results were compared to viable-cell determinations made using conventional plate counting methods. Statistical analysis demonstrated that in the presence or absence of antimicrobial agents (ceftazidime, tetracycline, or ciprofloxacin), a strong correlation existed between bioluminescence levels and viable cell counts in vitro and in vivo. Evaluation of antimicrobial agents in vivo could be reliably performed with either method, as each was a sound indicator of therapeutic success. Dose-dependent responses could also be detected in the neutropenic-mouse thigh model by using either bioluminescence or viable-cell counts as a marker. In addition, the ICCD technology was examined for the benefits of repeatedly monitoring the same animal during treatment studies. The ability to repeatedly measure the same animals reduced variability within the treatment experiments and allowed equal or greater confidence in determining treatment efficacy. This technology could reduce the number of animals used during such studies and has applications for the evaluation of test compounds during drug discovery.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Ceftazidime; Cell Count; Cephalosporins; Ciprofloxacin; Diagnostic Imaging; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Muscular Diseases; Neutropenia; Tetracycline

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Female; Humans; Muscular Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Absorption; Animals; Kinetics; Muscles; Muscular Diseases; Necrosis; Rats; Sarcoma, Experimental; Technetium; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Gallium; Glioblastoma; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Methane; Mice; Muscular Diseases; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitrosourea Compounds; Osteosarcoma; Rabbits; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Technetium; Tetracycline; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Antibodies; Blood Sedimentation; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Conjunctivitis; Erythrocytes; Fever; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Leptospira; Leptospira interrogans; Leptospirosis; Leukocyte Count; Male; Meningitis; Military Medicine; Muscular Diseases; Serotyping; Tetracycline; United States; Vietnam

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Chloral Hydrate; Chlorpromazine; Cortisone; Electromyography; Female; Fibromyalgia; Gait; Humans; Male; Meprobamate; Muscular Diseases; Neostigmine; Reflex, Abnormal; Syndrome; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal; Tetanus Antitoxin; Tetracycline; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Abscess; Actinobacillus; Adult; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Australia; Complement Fixation Tests; Connective Tissue; Disease Reservoirs; Dogs; Female; Glycosuria; Humans; Liver Abscess; Lung Abscess; Male; Melioidosis; Middle Aged; Muscular Diseases; Rats; Splenic Diseases; Tetracycline; Water Microbiology