tetracycline and Meningitis--Pneumococcal

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Child; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillins; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibody Formation; Child; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; Haemophilus; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Iran; Kanamycin; Klippel-Feil Syndrome; Meningitis; Meningitis, Bacterial; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Norepinephrine; Polymyxins; Respiratory Tract Infections; Streptomycin; Sulfadiazine; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline; Toxicology

Topics: Child, Preschool; Clindamycin; Drug Combinations; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant; Male; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Middle Aged; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

This study examined the resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol of 318 pneumococcal strains isolated in Spanish hospitals from blood or cerebrospinal fluid of patients during 1979 to 1981. The serotypes of these strains were determined to discover whether a correlation between serotype and patterns of antibiotic resistance could be found. Seven and nine patterns of resistance were found in strains isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid, respectively; tetracycline was the most frequent pattern, followed by tetracycline associated with chloramphenicol. A random distribution of serotypes which was similar to the general distribution of serotypes was found for resistance to tetracycline and chloramphenicol, but penicillin-resistant strains were confined to seven serotypes. Thirty-six strains of penicillin-resistant pneumococci isolated from sources other than blood or cerebrospinal fluid were also serotyped. They represented the same serotypes, suggesting that serotype distribution among penicillin-resistant strains could be a manifestation of local epidemiological factors.

Topics: Chloramphenicol; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Erythromycin; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillin Resistance; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal; Spain; Species Specificity; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Middle Aged; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Pneumococcal Infections; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Respiratory Tract Infections; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

A technique for inducing pneumococcal meningitis in mice and a description of the histopathologic changes that accompany this experimentally produced disease are provided in the present report. This infection of mice was investigated to determine whether it could serve as a suitable model for detecting agents that have potential therapeutic utility in bacterial meningitis in man. 21 antibiotics, belonging to six major classes were evaluated for efficacy in the experimental infection. The three most active agents proved to be amoxicillin, cephaloridine, and chlortetracycline. Up to this time, amoxicillin has not been commercially available as an injectable dosage form. However, in view of the compound's outstanding efficacy in the present experiments, it would be desirable to investigate its effectiveness in the naturally occurring disease in man.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Demeclocycline; Disease Models, Animal; Erythromycin; Lincomycin; Male; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Mice; Penicillins; Rolitetracycline; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tetracycline; Virulence

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Brain Abscess; Child; Chloramphenicol; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Listeria; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Meningitis, Viral; Middle Aged; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Phlebitis; Prognosis; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline; Tuberculosis, Meningeal; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glucose; Humans; Infant; Male; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Meningitis, Viral; Neutrophils; Penicillins; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillin G; Penicillins; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Oleandomycin; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Blood; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillin G; Tetracycline

Topics: Child; Chloramphenicol; England; Haemophilus; Humans; Infant; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillins; Prednisolone; Statistics as Topic; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; Escherichia coli Infections; Haemophilus; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillins; Proteus Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Child; Chloramphenicol; Drug Therapy; Haemophilus; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Listeria; Meningitis; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Meningitis, Listeria; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Netherlands; Penicillins; Statistics as Topic; Tetracycline; Universities

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy; Erythromycin; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillins; Prednisolone; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Troleandomycin

Topics: Adolescent; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Child; Drug Therapy; Humans; Infant; Meningitis; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Oleandomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Drug Therapy; Geriatrics; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Bacterial; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Prednisone; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Child; Chloramphenicol; Geriatrics; Meningitis; Meningitis, Meningococcal; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillins; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Diagnosis; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Penicillin G; Penicillins; Prognosis; Rolitetracycline; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain; Humans; Meningitis; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Pneumococcal Infections; Tetracycline