tetracycline and Infant--Premature--Diseases

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Drug Hypersensitivity; Erythromycin; Gentamicins; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infections; Intestinal Absorption; Kanamycin; Neomycin; Odontogenesis; Oleandomycin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Aged; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Meningitis, Listeria; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Sepsis; Tetracycline

Antibiotic resistance determination of Ureaplasma spp. (Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum) usually requires predetermination of bacterial titer, followed by antibiotic interrogation using a set bacterial input. This 96-well method allows simultaneous quantification of bacteria in the presence and absence of antibiotics. A method for determining precise MICs and a method for screening against multiple antibiotics using breakpoint thresholds are detailed. Of the 61 Ureaplasma-positive clinical isolates screened, one (1.6%) was resistant to erythromycin (MIC, >64 mg/liter) and clarithromycin (MIC, 4 mg/liter), one to ciprofloxacin (1.6%), and one to tetracycline/doxycycline (1.6%). Five isolates were also consistently found to have an elevated MIC of 8 mg/liter for erythromycin, but this may not represent true antibiotic resistance, as no mutations were found in the 23S rRNA operons or ribosome-associated L4 and L22 proteins for these strains. However, two amino acids (R66Q67) were deleted from the L4 protein of the erythromycin-/clarithromycin-resistant strain. The tetM genetic element was detected in the tetracycline-resistant clinical isolate as well as in the positive control Vancouver strain serotype 9. The tetM gene was also found in a fully tetracycline-susceptible Ureaplasma clinical isolate, and no mutations were found in the coding region that would explain its failure to mediate tetracycline resistance. An amino acid substitution (D82N) was found in the ParC subunit of the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolate, adjacent to the S83L mutation reported by other investigators in many ciprofloxacin-resistant Ureaplasma isolates. It is now possible to detect antibiotic resistance in Ureaplasma within 48 h of positive culture without prior knowledge of bacterial load, identifying them for further molecular analysis.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Ciprofloxacin; Clarithromycin; Culture Media; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Species Specificity; Tetracycline; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections

Topics: Chlamydia; Conjunctivitis, Inclusion; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Tetracycline; Trachoma

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalothin; Child; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Listeriosis; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Rolitetracycline; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Medication Errors; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Chloramphenicol; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Methicillin; Mice; Oxacillin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillin V; Penicillins; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; Flavobacterium; Fusidic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Meningitis; Novobiocin; Penicillins; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Temperature; Tetracycline; Vancomycin

Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Chlortetracycline; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Oxytetracycline; Pregnancy; Tetracycline; Tooth Discoloration; Tooth, Deciduous; Twins; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Ampicillin; Bacitracin; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Cross Infection; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Methicillin; Novobiocin; Penicillin G; Sepsis; Tetracycline; Troleandomycin; Vancomycin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacitracin; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Drug Therapy; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Kanamycin; Neomycin; Novobiocin; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Chloramphenicol; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Nitrofurans; Otitis Media; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Fluorescence; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Tetracycline; Tooth Discoloration

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Congenital Abnormalities; Cortisone; Esophageal Fistula; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Jaundice; Jaundice, Neonatal; Penicillins; Prednisone; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sclerema Neonatorum; Sepsis; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Staining and Labeling; Tetracycline; Tooth, Deciduous; Toxicology

Topics: Chloramphenicol; Epidemiology; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Listeria; Listeriosis; Meningitis; Meningitis, Listeria; Penicillins; Sepsis; South Carolina; Sulfadiazine; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriological Techniques; Chloramphenicol; Cross Infection; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Kanamycin; Nitrofurantoin; Ohio; Polymyxins; Sepsis; Streptomycin; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Burns; Chloramphenicol; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial; Gastroenterology; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Kanamycin; Meningoencephalitis; Ophthalmia Neonatorum; Penicillins; Preventive Medicine; Rheumatic Diseases; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infections; Tetracycline