tetracycline and Hypersensitivity

The progressive increase in antibiotic resistance in recent decades calls for urgent development of new antibiotics and antibiotic stewardship programs to help select appropriate treatments with the goal of minimising further emergence of resistance and to optimise clinical outcomes. Three new tetracycline-class antibiotics, eravacycline, omadacycline, and tigecycline, have been approved within the past 15 years, and represent a new era in the use of tetracyclines. These drugs overcome the two main mechanisms of acquired tetracycline-class resistance and exhibit a broad spectrum of

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coinfection; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Tigecycline

Parenteral penicillin is the first-line regimen for treating syphilis. However, allergic reactions and poor drug tolerance still present challenging problems with respect to use of this antibiotic. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ceftriaxone, erythromycin, minocycline, tetracycline, and doxycycline for syphilis treatment, compared with penicillin, to determine which antibiotic could be a better substitute for penicillin. This study included 17 articles, comprising 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 14 observational studies and involving 4,485 syphilis patients. Estimated risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were used to compare the serological response rates. At the 6- and 12-month follow-ups, the serological response rates were compared by direct meta-analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA). Based on direct meta-analysis, the serological response rates at the 3- and 24-month follow-ups were compared. Our NMA showed a higher serological response rate for ceftriaxone than for penicillin at the 6-month follow-up (RR of 1.12, 95% CI of 1.02 to 1.23). Ceftriaxone was equally effective as penicillin for syphilis in terms of serological response rates, and it was a better substitute for penicillin than ceftriaxone, erythromycin, minocycline, tetracycline, or doxycycline. However, more large-scale, high-quality, double-blind trials are still needed to determine whether ceftriaxone can safely replace penicillin for the treatment of syphilis when necessary.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Doxycycline; Erythromycin; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Minocycline; Network Meta-Analysis; Observational Studies as Topic; Penicillins; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Syphilis; Tetracycline

Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Pernicious; Anti-Infective Agents; Cystic Fibrosis; Diabetes Complications; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Folic Acid Deficiency; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency; Hemoglobinopathies; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Isoniazid; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Penicillins; Pharmacogenetics; Pregnancy; Tetracycline

Current interest in tetracycline staining of teeth and other enamel defects led to this review. In the handicapped child structural defects that were seen in the dental enamel may provide a most accurate etiological clue. The method of determining the time of insult is described. Comments are made on seven states in which enamel dysplasia may be frequently observed. A simple means of identifying tetracycline pigment incorporated in dental enamel is outlined. Bilirubin staining of teeth is also shown and warnings are given about the indelible nature of these pigments.

Topics: Avitaminosis; Bilirubin; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Communicable Diseases; Dental Calculus; Dental Enamel; Female; Genetics, Medical; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Kernicterus; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Molar; Pigmentation; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Rubella; Tetracycline; Tooth, Deciduous

Helicobacter pylori eradication in penicillin-allergic patients is challenging. The effective regimen is lacking in areas with high antibiotic resistance and tetracycline unavailable. Minocycline, cefuroxime, and full-dose metronidazole are promising drugs.. To compare the eradication rate, safety, and compliance among three new bismuth quadruple therapies for first-line H. pylori eradication in penicillin-allergic patients.. This randomized trial was conducted on 450 naive patients with H. pylori infection and penicillin allergy. The 14-day minocycline-metronidazole-containing (minocycline 100 mg twice daily and metronidazole 400 mg four times/day), minocycline-cefuroxime-containing (minocycline 100 mg twice daily and cefuroxime 500 mg twice daily), and cefuroxime-metronidazole-containing (cefuroxime 500 mg twice daily and metronidazole 400 mg four times/day) bismuth quadruple therapies were randomly assigned to the participants. Safety and compliance were assessed within 3 days after eradication. Urea breath test was performed 4-8 weeks after eradication to evaluate outcome.. The differences of eradication rates in either intention-to-treat (84.0%, 82.7%, and 23 82.0%, p = .896) or per-protocol (91.7%, 90.9%, and 88.2%, p = .599) analysis among minocycline-metronidazole, minocycline-cefuroxime, and cefuroxime-metronidazole-containing bismuth quadruple therapies were statistically insignificant. The incidence of adverse events (35.1%, 22.6%, and 28.9%) and compliance (90.5%, 91.8%, and 91.9%) were similar. Taste distortion, nausea, and anorexia were more common in metronidazole-containing regimens, and dizziness was more common in minocycline-containing regimens. The allergy was rare (~3%).. The efficacies of three bismuth quadruple therapies containing minocycline, cefuroxime, and full-dose metronidazole (pairwise) for first-line H. pylori eradication in penicillin-allergic patients were similarly satisfactory with relatively good safety and compliance. The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registration (ChiCTR1900023702).

Topics: Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Cefuroxime; Drug Therapy, Combination; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Medication Adherence; Metronidazole; Minocycline; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

In trachoma control programmes, azithromycin is distributed to treat the strains of chlamydia that cause ocular disease. We aimed to compare the effect of annual versus twice-yearly distribution of azithromycin on infection with these strains.. We did a cluster-randomised trial in 24 subdistricts in northern Ethiopia, which we randomly assigned to receive annual or twice-yearly treatment for all residents of all ages. Random assignment was done with the RANDOM and SORT functions of Microsoft Excel. All individuals were offered their assigned treatment of a single, directly observed, oral dose of azithromycin. A 6 week course of topical 1% tetracycline ointment, applied twice daily to both eyes but not directly observed, was offered as an alternative to azithromycin in patients younger than 12 months, and in patients with self-reported pregnancy, with allergy, or who refused azithromycin. Our primary, prespecified outcome was the prevalence of ocular chlamydial infection in a random sample of children aged 0-9 years at baseline and every 6 months for a total of 42 months within sentinel villages. Our analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00322972.. Antibiotic coverage of children aged 1-9 years was greater than 80% (range 80·9 to 93·0) at all study visits. In the groups treated annually, the prevalence of infection in children aged 0-9 years was reduced from a mean 41·9% (95% CI 31·5 to 52·2) at baseline to 1·9% (0·3 to 3·5) at 42 months. In the groups treated twice yearly, the prevalence of infection was reduced from a mean 38·3% (29·0 to 47·6) at baseline to 3·2 % (0·0 to 6·5) at 42 months. The prevalence of ocular chlamydial infection in children aged 0-9 years in groups treated annually was not different from that of the groups treated twice yearly at 18, 30, and 42 months (pooled regression p>0·99, 95 % CI -0·06 to 0·06). The mean elimination time in the twice-yearly treatment group was 7·5 months earlier (2·3 to 17·3) than that of the annual group (p=0·10, Cox proportional hazards model).. After 42 months of treatment, the prevalence of ocular infection with chlamydia was similar in the groups treated annually and twice yearly. However, elimination of infection might have been more rapid in the groups of villages that received treatment twice yearly.. National Institutes of Health (NEI U10 EY016214).

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Child; Child, Preschool; Directly Observed Therapy; Endemic Diseases; Ethiopia; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intention to Treat Analysis; Ointments; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Tetracycline; Trachoma

Topics: Administration, Oral; Age Factors; Ampicillin; Gonorrhea; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Urethritis

The treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a challenge for those who cannot use amoxicillin.. To evaluate the eradication rate and adverse effects of vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy as first-line and rescue treatment regimens used in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies.. Patients enrolled were those who were H. pylori-positive with selected conditions: (1) allergic to penicillin, either naïve to treatment or had failed before; or (2) failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies. All enrolled patients accepted 14-day vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy (VT dual therapy) as follows: vonoprazan (20 mg b.i.d.) and tetracycline (500 mg t.i.d. [body weight < 70 kg] or 500 mg q.i.d. [body weight ≥ 70 kg]). H. pylori status was evaluated by. A total of 62 patients were enrolled; 18 of them received VT dual therapy as first-line treatment, 44 patients received VT dual therapy as rescue treatment. Overall, 58 of 62 patients achieved successful eradication (93.5%), while all involved (100%,18/18) succeeded in the first-line treatment group and 40 cases (90.9%, 40/44) succeeded in the rescue treatment group. Sixty-one (61/62, 98.4%) patients completed the whole course of treatment. Adverse events occurred in 6 patients (6/62, 9.7%), while one patient quit because of skin rash. All adverse effects were mild and relieved spontaneously after H. pylori treatment. Five patients achieved successful H. pylori culture, and all strains isolated were sensitive to tetracycline.. For the treatment of H. pylori infection in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies, a 14-day vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy was effective and safe as first-line and rescue treatment in our study. Further study is warranted to verify its efficacy, especially for those who cannot use amoxicillin.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clarithromycin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Feasibility Studies; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Penicillins; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Livedo vasculopathy (LV) is a chronic cutaneous disorder characterised by recurrent, painful ulceration ending in stellate scars. We have conducted a retrospective study of clinical features and treatment response of LV in 24 Chinese patients. LV occurred more frequently in women (male:female ratio  1:3). The peak age at onset of disease ranged from 14 to 20 years, younger than previously published data. 87.5% of the patients (21/24) showed significant summer exacerbation with ulcer formation. Out of 24 patients tested, 14 (58.3%) had positive antiphospholipid antibodies. Ten out of 14 patients (71.4%) were tested to be hypersensitive to multivalent insect antigens. Combinative anti-inflammatory therapy with steroids, tetracycline and Tripterygium glycosides plus antiplatelet/profibrinolytic drugs promoted quick healing of ulcer and reduce recurrence. The younger age of disease presentation and significant summer exacerbation are 2 novel clinical features observed in this study. These findings suggest that apart from procoagulation other risk factors may contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of LV. Although antiplatelet/profibrinolytic drugs are deemed as a first line therapy for LV, anti-inflammatory medications such as steroids, tetracycline and Tripterygium glycosides, from our experiences, are indispensable, especially for acute, ulcerative stage of disease.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Asian People; Biopsy; China; Female; Fibrinolytic Agents; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Insect Bites and Stings; Leg Ulcer; Livedo Reticularis; Male; Phytotherapy; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Prednisone; Retrospective Studies; Seasons; Sex Distribution; Skin; Tetracycline; Tripterygium; Young Adult

Dairy cattle that have been treated with antibiotics produce milk containing antibiotic residues, which may lead to severe allergic reactions in sensitive consumers, culture failure and subsequent loss of product. The purpose of the present study was to determine the levels of tetracycline, streptomycin and chloramphenicol in ultra-heat-treatment milk samples by semi-quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. A total of 60 milk samples were analysed. For streptomycin and tetracycline, the concentrations found were below the maximum residue limits permitted by the European Union. There was a high incidence rate of chloramphenicol and tetracycline, with 28 milk samples (46.8%) and 40 milk samples (66.8%) being contaminated, respectively. Chloramphenicol levels in the samples appear a serious public health problem at the moment.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cattle; Chloramphenicol; Diet; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; European Union; Food Contamination; Food Handling; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Milk; Public Health; Reference Values; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

The minimum inhibitory concentrations for erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, tetracycline and minocycline have been determined for 92 clinical and three culture collection isolates of Actinomyces. From a consideration of MIC values and expected serum levels from oral therapy, minocycline was the drug of choice for the treatment of actinomycosis in patients allergic to penicillin. The serum levels of six patients allergic to penicillin, treated with oral minocycline 1 g/day were monitored and found to exceed the MIC for the Actinomyces species responsible for the condition. In all six Actinomycosis cases resolution was achieved in 8-16 weeks of oral minocycline therapy with no recrudescence for 1 year.

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adult; Clindamycin; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Lincomycin; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Time Factors

Topics: Aerosols; Asthma; Bronchitis; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Long-Term Care; Tetracycline

Topics: Allergens; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Hemagglutination Tests; Hypersensitivity; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Skin Tests; Tetracycline

Topics: Agglutinins; Animals; Antibodies; Ciliary Body; Complement Fixation Tests; Crystallins; Eosinophils; Epithelial Cells; Freund's Adjuvant; Granuloma; Histiocytes; Hypersensitivity; Injections, Subcutaneous; Iris; Lens, Crystalline; Lymphocytes; Male; Phagocytosis; Plasma Cells; Precipitins; Rats; Tetracycline; Uveitis; Uveitis, Anterior

Topics: Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infections; Penicillins; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adhesiveness; Blood Sedimentation; Brucella Vaccine; Brucellosis; Cell Nucleus; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Female; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Microscopy, Electron; Monocytes; Phagocytosis; Remission, Spontaneous; Salmonella; Salmonella typhimurium; Skin Tests; Tetracycline

Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Reactive; Female; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Inclusion Bodies; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoses; Oxytetracycline; Tetracycline; Trichomonas vaginalis; Urethritis; Uveitis

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Brucellosis; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypersensitivity; Occupational Diseases; Skin Tests; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Veterinary Medicine

Topics: Aniline Compounds; Collagen Diseases; Cosmetics; Coumarins; Demecolcine; Dermatitis, Contact; Female; Furans; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Phenothiazines; Photosensitivity Disorders; Salicylamides; Skin Diseases; Skin Tests; Soaps; Sulfanilamides; Sunlight; Tetracycline; Urticaria

Topics: Ampicillin; Analgesics; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticonvulsants; Borates; Chloramphenicol; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Nalidixic Acid; Nitrofurantoin; Piperazines; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Tranquilizing Agents

Topics: Adult; Arteritis; Dental Caries; Dexamethasone; Fluorescent Dyes; Gingivitis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Phlebitis; Photography; Radiography; Remission, Spontaneous; Retinal Vessels; Rhinitis; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Diseases; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Triamcinolone Acetonide

Topics: Administration, Oral; Age Factors; Ampicillin; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Injections, Intramuscular; Penicillins; Tetracycline

Topics: Accidents; Brucella abortus; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Immunization; Skin Tests; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Vaccines; Veterinary Medicine

Topics: Age Factors; Ampicillin; Asthma; Child; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Penicillins; Pneumonia; Radiography; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Sex Factors; Sinusitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Asthma; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Candidiasis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Nystatin; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Eczema; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Maleates; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetracycline; Urticaria

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Diarrhea, Infantile; Enteritis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Meningitis; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis; Sepsis; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Tooth Diseases; Tooth, Deciduous; Vomiting; Whooping Cough

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Cortisone; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Microscopy; Middle Aged; Skin Tests; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Tetracycline

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Asthma; Conjunctivitis; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Atopic; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Influenza Vaccines; Nasal Polyps; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Smallpox Vaccine; Tetracycline; Toxicology; Urticaria; Vertigo

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diagnosis; Drug Hypersensitivity; Hypersensitivity; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Toxicology

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Diagnosis; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Nystatin; Penicillins; Statistics as Topic; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Toxicology

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Eye Injuries; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Immunization Schedule; Ophthalmology; Penicillins; Serum Sickness; Tetanus; Tetanus Antitoxin; Tetanus Toxoid; Tetracycline

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hypersensitivity; Lagomorpha; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rabbits; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Injections, Intramuscular; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline