tetracycline and Hyperplasia

The purpose of this controlled case series was to assess the adjunctive efficacy of controlled topical tetracycline HCl application in the treatment of infection associated periimplant mucositis or mucosal hyperplasia. Eight patients with at least 2 endosseous implants showing clinical signs of periimplant mucosal hyperplasia or mucositis were enrolled. All implants received supra- and subgingival scaling, with half of the implants receiving adjunctive controlled local delivery of tetracycline HCl (test). Control implants did not receive any other therapy aside from scaling. Clinical parameters were assessed at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks. Scaling plus controlled local delivery of tetracycline HCl markedly reduced periimplant mucosal hyperplasia in 4 of 5 test implants and demonstrated a trend towards a reduction of bleeding on probing scores. Scaling alone had no effect on mucosal hyperplasia in the 2 control implants presenting with this condition nor bleeding on probing scores. In both groups, plaque index scores were slightly reduced at 4 weeks but returned to baseline values at 12 weeks, whereas pocket probing depths, clinical attachment levels, and probing bone levels remained unchanged during the course of the trial. The observed trends suggest that scaling plus controlled local delivery of tetracycline HCl may have beneficial effects. Randomized controlled trials employing a sample size high enough to reach sufficient statistical power are needed to definitively assess the efficacy of controlled local tetracycline HCl delivery on periimplant diseases.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Implants; Dental Plaque Index; Dental Scaling; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Tetracycline

Alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed proliferative changes in the forestomach, accompanied by chronic inflammation, and one lesion progress to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) without distant metastasis. The authors demonstrated that these lesions might be caused by Candida albicans infection. Antimicrobial therapy, particularly tetracycline treatment, has been blamed for a reduction in the number of competing bacterial organisms, which is frequently mentioned as a cause of candidiasis. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether or not tetracycline treatment can accelerate early-onset of C. albicans infection and the proliferative changes in this diabetic model. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were given chlorinated water (AL group) and tetracycline solution (0.1% during week 1 and 0.01% thereafter) as drinking water (AT group). They were sacrificed after 25 weeks of drinking the treated water. The infection rate with C. albicans in the AT group was significantly higher than in the AL group. The incidence and severity of the squamous cell hyperplasia were enhanced in the AT group compared to the AL group. The proliferative lesions were consistently accompanied by inflammation and C. albicans infection in both groups. SCC was detected in one case in the AT group. These findings demonstrate that tetracycline induces C. albicans infection and enhances forestomach proliferative lesions in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Proliferation; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Hyperplasia; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach; Tetracycline

EDA splice isoforms EDA-A1 and EDA-A2 belong to the TNF ligand family and regulate skin appendage formation by activating NF-kappa B- and JNK- promoted transcription. To analyze their action further, we conditionally expressed the isoforms as tetracycline ('Tet')-regulated transgenes in Tabby (EDA-negative) and wild-type mice. Expression of only the mEDA-A1 transgene had two types of effects during embryogenesis: (1) determinative effects on sweat glands and hair follicles. In Tabby mice, one type of hair follicle ('guard hair') was restored, whereas a second type, the dominant undercoat hair follicle ('zigzag') was not; furthermore, the transgene sharply suppressed zigzag hair formation in wild-type mice, with the overall numbers of back hair follicles remaining the same; and (2) trophic effects on sebaceous and Meibomian glands. Marked hyperplasia resulted from expansion of the sebocyte-producing zone in sebaceous glands, with particularly high expression of the transgene and the replication marker PCNA, and correspondingly high production of sebum. The phenotypic effects of mEDA-A1 on sebaceous glands, but not on hair follicles, were reversed when the gene was repressed in adult animals. The results thus reveal both initiating and trophic isoform-specific effects of the EDA gene, and suggest a possible balance of isoform interactions in skin appendage formation.

Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Ectodysplasins; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; Hair Follicle; Hyperplasia; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Mice, Transgenic; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Models, Biological; NF-kappa B; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Protein Isoforms; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; RNA, Messenger; Sebaceous Glands; Sebum; Tetracycline; Transcription, Genetic; Transgenes

Adaptive epigenetic changes and toxicity often accompany constitutive expression of a transgene or knockout of an endogenous gene in mice. These considerations potentially limit the usefulness of transgenic technology in studying the in vivo functions of a gene. Using conditional gene expression technology, it is possible to override such restrictions to achieve temporal and tissue-specific manipulation of gene expression in vivo. Based on the tetracycline regulatory system, we established a binary transgenic model in which the conditional expression of two transgenes, SV40 T antigen (TAg) and lacZ, can be tightly regulated in the liver by administration of tetracycline. The mouse albumin or mouse major urinary protein promoter was used to achieve liver-specific expression of the tetracycline-responsive transcriptional activator (tTA) in one set of transgenic mice. These mice were crossed with transgenic mice carrying either TAg or lacZ under the control of the tTA-regulated promoter. Analyses of mice transgenic for both tTA and TAg (or lacZ) revealed that the liver-specific expression of the transgenes could be suppressed to undetectable levels and regulated in a reversible fashion by tetracycline administration and withdrawal. Mice with tTA and TAg transgenes developed hepatocellular adenomas and hyperplasia that could be prevented by continuous tetracycline administration. Our report demonstrates the value of this binary transgenic model in studying the physiological functions of any potential genes of interest in a liver-specific manner.

Topics: Adenoma; Albumins; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; Crosses, Genetic; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genotype; Hyperplasia; Lac Operon; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Proteins; Spleen; Tetracycline; Transcriptional Activation; Transgenes

The role of viral oncoprotein expression in the maintenance of cellular transformation was examined as a function of time through controlled expression of simian virus 40 T antigen (TAg). Expression of TAg in the submandibular gland of transgenic mice from the time of birth induced cellular transformation and extensive ductal hyperplasia by 4 months of age. The hyperplasia was reversed when TAg expression was silenced for 3 weeks. When TAg expression was silenced after 7 months, however, the hyperplasia persisted even though TAg was absent. Although the polyploidy of ductal cells could be reversed at 4 months of age, cells at 7 months of age remained polyploid even in the absence of TAg. These results support a model of time-dependent multistep tumorigenesis, in which virally transformed cells eventually lose their dependence on the viral oncoprotein for maintenance of the transformed state.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cell Transformation, Viral; Gene Expression; Hyperplasia; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Polyploidy; Submandibular Gland; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Trans-Activators

A child with Alagille syndrome, characterized by intrahepatic bile duct paucity, developed severe liver cirrhosis and was referred for liver transplantation. In the pre-transplantation evaluation, scintigraphic scans were performed using 99mTc-galactosyl serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) as a hepatoreceptor binding agent and 99mTc-pyridoxyl-5-methyl-tryptophan (99mTc-PMT) as a hepatobiliary agent. These studies demonstrated severe hepatobiliary dysfunction with an area of increased focal uptake in the liver. Histological examination at surgery confirmed that this focal lesion was an area of compensatory hyperplasia in advanced biliary cirrhosis. We present the usefulness of these tracers for detecting the focal hyperplasia of the liver.

Topics: Alagille Syndrome; Child; Humans; Hyperplasia; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Organotechnetium Compounds; Pyrrolidines; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Humans; Hyperplasia; Liver; Male; Organotechnetium Compounds; Phytic Acid; Pyrrolidines; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate; Tetracycline; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Total hip replacement was carried out in 7 patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the hip joint. The patients were given tetracycline orally before operation to label the newly formed bone tissues. The excised femoral heads were processed into undecalcified sections, which were subjected to both fluorescence microscopic and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation. Band-shaped golden fluorescence was detected along the trabeculae, reflecting newly formed bone tissues by the cambium layer of the periosteum. In the intertrabecular space, reticular and spherical golden fluorescence was detected, implying newly formed bone tissues by the marrow stromal cells. Under SEM, both reticular and spherical new bone tissues were discovered in the inter-trabecular space as mentioned above. There were two forms of reticular new bone tissues, a diffuse form and a tape-shaped new bone tissues. The diffuse bone tissues grew and expanded and eventually studded the inter-trabecular space. The tape shaped tissues, which were first deposited on the trabecular arch surface, increased in amount and then woven into thin and dense tapes of the reticulum. These tapes contacted in an end-to-end fashion, and appeared to shuttle back and forth through the trabecular arches, forming new secondary arch structures. The spherical new bone tissues were deposited on the surface of the trabecular arch structures and gradually packed the intertrabecular space. These new bone tissues were contributed to hyperplasia in the osteoarthritic femoral head.

Topics: Femur Head; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Hyperplasia; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Tetracycline

A 60-yr-old man with longstanding duodenal ulcer was found to have hyperchlorhydria, moderate fasting hypergastrinemia, and markedly exaggerated meal-stimulated gastrin release. Antral tissue specimens showed the proliferation of gastrin cells and increased gastrin content, and he was found to have Helicobacter pylori infection in the antral mucosa. His illness was diagnosed as primary gastrin cell hyperplasia with H. pylori infection. Eradication of H. pylori normalized not only gastrin hypersecretion but also gastrin cell hyperplasia. These results indicate that H. pylori infection could be one of the causes of this syndrome.

Topics: Bismuth; Drug Therapy, Combination; Duodenal Ulcer; Enterochromaffin Cells; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Pyloric Antrum; Tetracycline

Chlamydia trachomatis is a well-known cause of acute and chronic salpingitis, accounting for approximately half of all cases of pelvic inflammatory disease. Typically, patients with acute chlamydial salpingitis present with acute lower abdominal pain, tenderness on bimanual pelvic examination, or vaginal discharge. We describe a case of acute chlamydial salpingitis with marked ascites and an adnexal mass that simulated a malignant neoplasm. Microscopically, a severe lymphofollicular salpingitis and a marked lymphofollicular hyperplasia of the omentum and retroperitoneal lymph nodes were found. Chlamydial inclusions in the fallopian tube epithelium were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry using a mouse monoclonal antibody to a genus-specific outer membrane lipoprotein. Chlamydial infection may cause marked ascites and a palpable adenexal mass and should be considered whenever marked chronic inflammation with a lymphofollicular hyperplasia involves the fallopian tube or other female genital tract sites.

Topics: Adnexa Uteri; Adolescent; Ascites; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Diagnosis, Differential; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Salpingitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Heavy Chain Disease; Humans; Hyperplasia; Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; Lymph Nodes; Male; Oleandomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Acidosis; Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Bone Diseases; Bone Regeneration; Bone Resorption; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Hyperplasia; Male; Nephrectomy; Osteoclasts; Osteomalacia; Parathyroid Glands; Rats; Tetracycline; Tibia; Time Factors; Uremia

Topics: Animals; Bile Ducts; Body Weight; Cecum; Cholangitis; Culture Media; Diet; Epididymis; Food Microbiology; Guinea Pigs; Hepatitis; Hyperplasia; Liver; Male; Mycotoxins; Necrosis; Penicillium; Plant Poisoning; Rats; Scrotum; Stomach Diseases; Tetracycline; Zea mays

Topics: Child; Female; Gingiva; Humans; Hyperplasia; Lip; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Agammaglobulinemia; Diarrhea; Giardiasis; Humans; Hyperplasia; Infusions, Parenteral; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphatic System; Male; Plasma; Quinacrine; Radiography; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Insulin; Islets of Langerhans; Kidney Tubules; Lipid Metabolism; Lipodystrophy; Lipotropic Agents; Liver; Male; Rats; Tetracycline

Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Body Weight; Dogs; Female; Haplorhini; Hyperplasia; Male; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Pigmentation; Rats; Tetracycline; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland