tetracycline and Heart-Diseases

Topics: Alcoholic Beverages; Consumer Product Safety; Drug Labeling; Drug Utilization; Food Labeling; Health Behavior; Heart Diseases; Humans; Mental Processes; Models, Psychological; Nicotiana; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Plants, Toxic; Saccharin; Tetracycline; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; United States Food and Drug Administration

Whipple's disease is a systemic bacterial infection that once was uniformly fatal and now is treatable with several different antibiotics in most cases. The exact nature of the Whipple's bacillus is unknown, since the organism cannot consistently be cultured. There is also controversy concerning the role of immunologic dysfunction in patients with Whipple's disease. In addition to the small intestine, Whipple's disease can involve the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the lymph nodes, joints, nervous system, heart, eyes, hematopoietic system, lungs, liver, and other organs. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare but fascinating disease will be reviewed in this article.

Topics: Bacterial Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Combinations; Eye Diseases; Heart Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Joint Diseases; Lung Diseases; Lymphatic Diseases; Muscular Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Penicillins; Skin Diseases; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Whipple Disease

Inappropriate antibiotics prescription in dental healthcare delivery that may result in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, is a worldwide concern. The objective of the study was to determine the antibiotics knowledge and prescription patterns among dentists in Nigeria.. A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed to dentists attending continuing education courses organized by two organizations in Southern and Northern parts of Nigeria. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 17.0.. A total of 146 questionnaires were returned, properly filled, out of 160 questionnaires, giving an overall response rate 91.3%. The clinical factors predominantly influenced the choice of therapeutic antibiotics among the respondents. In this study, the most commonly prescribed antibiotics among the respondents was a combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole. Of the respondents, 136 (93.2%) of them considered antibiotic resistance as a major problem in Nigeria and 102 (69.9%) have experienced antibiotics resistance in dental practice. The major reported conditions for prophylactic antibiotics among the respondents were diabetic mellitus, HIV/AIDS, history of rheumatic fever, other heart anomalies presenting with heart murmur and presence of prosthetic hip. The knowledge of adverse effects of antibiotics was greatest for tooth discoloration which is related to tetracycline.. Data from this study revealed the most commonly prescribed antibiotics as a combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole. There existed gaps in prophylactic antibiotic prescription, consideration in the choice of therapeutic antibiotics and knowledge of adverse effects of antibiotics among the studied dentists.

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Amoxicillin; Anaphylaxis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Attitude of Health Personnel; Dental Care; Dentists; Diabetes Mellitus; Drug Combinations; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Education, Dental; Female; Heart Diseases; Hip Prosthesis; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Nigeria; Practice Patterns, Dentists'; Rheumatic Fever; Tetracycline; Tooth Discoloration

Cardiovascular toxicity is a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry and predictive screening models to identify and eliminate pharmaceuticals with the potential to cause cardiovascular toxicity in humans are urgently needed. In this study, taking advantage of the transparency of larval zebrafish, Danio rerio, we assessed cardiovascular toxicity of seven known human cardiotoxic drugs (aspirin, clomipramine hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, nimodipine, quinidine, terfenadine and verapamil hydrochloride) and two non-cardiovascular toxicity drugs (gentamicin sulphate and tetracycline hydrochloride) in zebrafish using six specific phenotypic endpoints: heart rate, heart rhythm, pericardial edema, circulation, hemorrhage and thrombosis. All the tested drugs were delivered into zebrafish by direct soaking and yolk sac microinjection, respectively, and cardiovascular toxicity was quantitatively or qualitatively assessed at 4 and 24 h post drug treatment. The results showed that aspirin accelerated the zebrafish heart rate (tachycardia), whereas clomipramine hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, nimodipine, quinidine, terfenadine and verapamil hydrochloride induced bradycardia. Quinidine and terfenadine also caused atrioventricular (AV) block. Nimodipine treatment resulted in atrial arrest with much slower but regular ventricular heart beating. All the tested human cardiotoxic drugs also induced pericardial edema and circulatory disturbance in zebrafish. There was no sign of cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish treated with non-cardiotoxic drugs gentamicin sulphate and tetracycline hydrochloride. The overall prediction success rate for cardiotoxic drugs and non-cardiotoxic drugs in zebrafish were 100% (9/9) as compared with human results, suggesting that zebrafish is an excellent animal model for rapid in vivo cardiovascular toxicity screening. The procedures we developed in this report for assessing cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish were suitable for drugs delivered by either soaking or microinjection.

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Aspirin; Cardiotoxins; Clomipramine; Cyclophosphamide; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Gentamicins; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Larva; Microinjections; Nimodipine; Pericardium; Quinidine; Terfenadine; Tetracycline; Toxicity Tests; Verapamil; Yolk Sac; Zebrafish

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), ventricular systolic dysfunction and chamber dilatation are accompanied by architectural remodeling, wall thinning and cardiac myocyte slippage. Recent work has demonstrated an association between collagen degradation and an increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Accordingly, we have sought to correlate (a) collagen degradation with MMP elevations and, (b) assay the neutralizing potential of a known inhibitor of MMP, tetracycline on MMPs in DCM.. Assessment of LV volume and shape by 2-D echocardiography was performed. Light microscopic assessment of histopathology in picrosirius red stained biopsy samples of 11 DCM patients and six post-transplant patients was performed. Zymographic estimation of MMP activity and influence of tetracycline on MMP activity was assessed.. Small amount of interstitial collagen was noted in the control group, whereas in the DCM hearts, chamber dilatation was associated with areas of scanty myocyte necrosis, islands of excess collagen, and focal areas of absent or scanty collagen with intact myocytes. In cardiomyopathic tissue, collagenase activity was markedly elevated at 63% compared with 8% in post-transplant tissue. Tetracycline at a concentration of 285+/-10 microM (IC50) inhibited collagenase activity by 50% in cardiomyopathic tissue.. Areas of focal interstitial collagen accumulation were accompanied by collagen fiber lysis and increased collagenase activity in dilated cardiomyopathy. This enhanced collagenolytic activity found in endomyocardial biopsy tissue was inhibited by tetracycline. The non-antibiotic property of tetracycline may be of potential value in the prevention of ventricular dilatation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Collagen; Collagenases; Echocardiography; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; Fibrosis; Heart Diseases; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Necrosis; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Aged; Esophageal Fistula; Female; Fistula; Heart Atria; Heart Diseases; Humans; Tetracycline

In 1985 dentists in the Lothian Region of Scotland were questioned about their use of prophylactic antibiotics for patients at risk of developing infective endocarditis. Replies were compared with those obtained from a similar survey in 1981. The results showed a marked change in practice with widespread adoption of the single-dose oral amoxycillin regimen; this was the regimen of choice for 63% of general dental practitioners. For patients allergic to penicillin 76% of practitioners used erythromycin and there was a decline in the use of tetracycline and clindamycin. The adoption of amoxycillin reflects the ease of compliance with a simple single-dose regimen. This change has produced a striking improvement in the timing of prophylactic antibiotic therapy.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clindamycin; Dentistry; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Hypersensitivity; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Erythromycin; Heart Diseases; Humans; Penicillins; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tetracycline

Reports of clinical relapse occurring after apparently successful antibiotic treatment of Whipple's disease prompted this review of long-term follow-up of treated patients. Follow-up of at least 1 yr after completion of treatment or 2 yr after diagnosis was obtained on 88 patients with documented Whipple's disease by a review of the medical literature, correspondence with the authors as needed, and questionnaires mailed to academic gastroenterology programs in the United States. Relapse was defined on the basis of morphology (preferably) or clinically, or both. Thirty-one patients relapsed, 6 of whom relapsed twice. Fifty-seven patients did not relapse. The mean time to relapse was 4.2 yr. The mean follow-up period of patients who did not relapse was 8.2 yr. The type and number of relapses were as follows: clinical, 16; central nervous system, 13; arthralgia, 5; gastrointestinal, 1; and cardiac, 2. The clinical, arthralgia, and gastrointestinal relapses were evenly distributed between early relapses (occurring less than 2 yr after diagnosis) and late relapses (occurring greater than 2 yr after diagnosis). All cardiac and central nervous system relapses were late. Twenty-one of 49 patients treated with tetracycline alone relapsed. Two relapses were reported in 15 patients treated with penicillin and streptomycin followed by tetracycline. Three relapses developed in 8 patients treated with penicillin alone. Five of the 16 patients treated with other regimens relapsed. Nine of the 13 patients with central nervous system relapse had been initially treated with tetracycline, 2 were treated with penicillin, and 2 were treated with combinations of antibiotics. Results of treatment of central nervous system relapse were poor in 10 of the 11 patients for whom details were available. Results of treatment of non-central-nervous-system relapse were excellent in 19 of 20 patients. It is concluded that tetracycline alone, or penicillin alone, is not adequate initial therapy for Whipple's disease and that central nervous system relapse is resistant to antibiotic therapy. The authors recommend parenteral penicillin and streptomycin followed by 1 yr of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy or oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole alone for 1 yr as initial therapy for Whipple's disease. Relapse should be defined by demonstration of recurrence of bacilli whenever possible.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Central Nervous System Diseases; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Recurrence; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Whipple Disease

Lyme disease is a newly recognized disease with diverse but characteristic inflammatory manifestations that involve the skin, joints, heart, and CNS. The illness develops following the bite of the Ixodes tick and is caused by a Treponema-like spirochete. This article reviews the causal, epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory features of this illness. Since a large number of patients described with this treatable disease have been children and the disease may be confused with other more serious illnesses, Lyme disease is worthy of the pediatrician's awareness.

Topics: Arthritis, Infectious; Bites and Stings; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythromycin; Heart Diseases; Humans; Penicillins; Skin Diseases; Tetracycline; Ticks

In vitro efficacy of combinations of broad and narrow spectrum semi-synthetic penicillins, broad spectrum semi-synthetic penicillins with macrolides or aminoglycosides and tetracyclines with other biosynthetic antibiotics was studied with respect to the causative agents of surgical infections. Correlation between the sensitivity of the isolates and the antibiotics levels in the organism of the surgical patients was shown. The role of the etiological factor in the development of the post-operative complications in the patients after surgical operations on the heart was elucidated. The most rational schemes of the antibiotic use in therapy of the patients with purulent complications after operations on the open heart were developed and the maximum doses of different semi-synthetic penicillins for the treatment of patients with purulent processes after operations under conditions of artificial blood circulation were determined.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Drug Interactions; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Heart Diseases; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Humans; Oleandomycin; Postoperative Complications; Preoperative Care; Pseudomonas Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Amylases; Electrocardiography; Ethanol; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Meperidine; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Prospective Studies; Tetracycline; Vision Disorders

Topics: Animals; Coronary Vessels; Female; Fluorescence; Heart Diseases; Hydrocortisone; Ligation; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Necrosis; Oils; Rats; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child, Preschool; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Lung Diseases; Male; Tetracycline; Yeasts

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bronchial Diseases; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Lung Diseases; Lymecycline; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Antibodies; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Arteritis; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Chlortetracycline; Coronary Disease; Geriatrics; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Diseases; Humans; Infant; Raynaud Disease; Rickettsia Infections; Rolitetracycline; Tetracycline; Thrombophlebitis; Thrombosis