tetracycline and Giardiasis

Topics: Amebiasis; Animals; Antibodies; Babesiosis; Chloroquine; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Giardiasis; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Malaria; Mefloquine; Pneumocystis; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Primaquine; Protozoan Infections; Pyrimethamine; Quinine; Quinolines; Serologic Tests; Sulfadoxine; Tetracycline; Toxoplasmosis; Trypanosomiasis

Topics: Amebicides; Antimalarials; Antiprotozoal Agents; Balantidiasis; Chloroquine; Coccidiosis; Dientamoebiasis; Drug Combinations; Dysentery, Amebic; Emetine; Furans; Furazolidone; Giardiasis; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Iodoquinol; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Metronidazole; Paromomycin; Quinacrine; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Tinidazole; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

After an epidemic of giardiasis, some patients experienced persisting abdominal symptoms despite becoming Giardia-negative in stool samples after metronidazole treatment. The study aimed to determine if these patients were suffering from treatment refractory, chronic, cryptic giardiasis. The design was a prospective randomized open clinical trial with 1 arm receiving anti-Giardia treatment in the form of albendazole and metronidazole (A/M) for 7 d (n=12) and the other arm receiving tetracycline and folic acid (T/F) for 28 d (n=13). Symptom scores and global improvement were outcome measures. Symptom scores were analysed regarding time and treatment using mixed linear modelling. In both groups total symptom scores improved at the end of treatment; the improvement was significant for the T/F group. Bloating decreased significantly in both groups at the end of treatment. One month after treatment, 3 patients in the T/F group (23.1%) and 1 patient (8.3%) in the A/M group reported global symptom improvement. Symptoms recurred in all of these, and after 1 y total symptom scores were unchanged from baseline in either group. Treatment of post-giardiasis persistent abdominal symptoms with T/F or A/M resulted in only temporary symptom relief, possibly due to the anti-inflammatory effect of both treatments. Cryptic chronic giardiasis was not the explanation for the persistent symptoms.

Topics: Adult; Albendazole; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Feces; Female; Folic Acid; Giardia; Giardiasis; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Aged; Giardiasis; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Tetracycline; Whipple Disease

Giardia muris has been maintained for years in the mouse by administering by gavage 10,000 trophozoites taken from the small intestine of infected mice. Despite the growth of numerous protozoa in the intestine, absorption of tetracycline hydrochloride in infected mice was not changed to a statistically significant extent, as blood drug levels increased only slightly: behavior was similarly unaffected. Reasons for the apparent lack of virulence of this strain are discussed.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Giardia; Giardiasis; Intestinal Absorption; Mice; Tetracycline; Virulence

Malabsorption was present in 29 of 40 symptomatic patients with giardiasis. Twenty-three had impaired D-xylose absorption; in 20 vitamin B12 absorption was low, and 15 patients had steatorrhoea. More severe malabsorption was associated with more marked histological abnormalities. Metronidazole, 2-0 g as a single daily dose on three successive days, produced a parasitological cure rate of 91%. In contrast, the standard course of mepacrine, 100 mg thrice daily for 10 days, eradicated the parasite in only 63% of patients. Improvements in absorption and jejunal morphology followed anti-giardial treatment. Tetracycline in eight patients failed to eradicate the parasite, intestinal absorption was unaltered, and histological appearances of the jejunal mucosa often deteriorated.

Topics: Adult; Female; Giardiasis; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Jejunum; Male; Metronidazole; Quinacrine; Tetracycline; Travel; United Kingdom; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Amebiasis; Diagnosis, Differential; Emetine; Entamoebiasis; Giardiasis; Humans; Iodoquinol; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Metronidazole; Quinacrine; Strongyloidiasis; Tetracycline; Thiabendazole

Topics: Agammaglobulinemia; Anthelmintics; Blood Cell Count; Female; Giardiasis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Malabsorption Syndromes; Middle Aged; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Agammaglobulinemia; Diarrhea; Giardiasis; Humans; Hyperplasia; Infusions, Parenteral; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphatic System; Male; Plasma; Quinacrine; Radiography; Tetracycline