tetracycline and Enteritis

Topics: Acinetobacter Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Clostridium Infections; Corynebacterium; Drug Synergism; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Infections; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycoses; Neomycin; Penicillins; Respiratory Tract Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Vaginitis

Understanding the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella spp. isolated from patients with enteritis will aid in therapeutic decision-making. This study aimed to characterize C. jejuni and Salmonella spp. isolates from patients with enteritis. For C. jejuni, the resistance rates against ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were 17.2%, 23.8%, and 46.4%, respectively. All the C. jejuni isolates were susceptible to erythromycin, which is recommended as a first-choice antimicrobial if Campylobacter enteritis is strongly suspected. C. jejuni was classified into 64 sequence types (STs), and the five major STs were ST22, ST354, ST21, ST918, and ST50. The ciprofloxacin-resistance rate of ST22 was 85.7%. For Salmonella, the resistance rates against ampicillin, cefotaxime, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid were 14.7%, 2.0%, 57.8%, 10.8%, 16.7%, and 11.8%, respectively. All the Salmonella spp. isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Therefore, fluoroquinolones are the recommended antimicrobials against Salmonella enteritis. S. Thompson, S. Enteritidis, and S. Schwarzengrund were the three most prevalent serotypes. The two cefotaxime-resistant isolates were serotyped as S. Typhimurium and were found to harbor bla

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Campylobacter Infections; Campylobacter jejuni; Cefotaxime; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Enteritis; Japan; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Salmonella; Tetracycline

Campylobacter infections are typically self-limited, but in cases with severe enteritis, immuno-compromised system and bacteremia, an appropriate antimicrobial treatment is demanding. Our study aim was to determine the isolation rate of Campylobacter among patients with acute enteritis in the capital of North Macedonia and its antimicrobial susceptibility.. A total number of 3820 patients clinically diagnosed as acute enteritis, were included in the study. Stool samples were collected and Campylobacter was isolated and identified by classical microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility of all isolates to Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin-clavulonic acid, Erythromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline and Gentamicin was determined by disc-diffusion technique. Additionally, minimal inhibitory concentrations of all Campylobacter isolates against erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline were determined by Epsilon gradient tests.. Campylobacter species was isolated in 97 patients. Although the mean isolation rate of Campylobacter spp. during the whole study period was 2.53%, a statistically significant increase was detected in 2016 and 2017, in comparison with the data from previous four years of the study. The isolation rate of Campylobacter spp. didn't reveal statistically significant difference between males and females (p > 0.05). 46.4 % of patients with Campylobacter enteritis were children at the age under 15 years. Forty-three C. jejuni isolates were susceptible to all six antibiotics, but the remaining 44 isolates revealed resistance to at least one antibiotic. C. coli isolates were resistant to 3 antibiotics simultaneously. Two C. coli isolates only, were susceptible to all 6 antibiotics. 40.90% of C. jejuni and 50% of C. coli isolates were resistant to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines, simultaneously.. The increase of the isolation rate of Campylobacter from patients with acute enteritis indicates the need for permanent isolation and identification of Campylobacter from every clinically diagnosed patient, as acute enteritis. Erythromicin is the most effective antibiotic for treatment of Campylobacter enteritis in our patients. The high level of Campylobacter resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines requires more rational approach in the treatment of Campylobacter enteritis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Ciprofloxacin; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Feces; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Republic of North Macedonia; Tetracycline; Young Adult

The drug susceptibility patterns were investigated for verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) including O-157, Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni that were obtained in and after July 1996. The results are summarized as follows; 1. We found highly resistant strains of VTEC to tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (ABPC). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of some of the drugs against VTEC in an aerobic condition were significantly different from those in an anaerobic condition. For example, aerobic.anaerobic MIC ranges of the drugs tested were as follows: chroramphenicol (CP): 1.56-3.13 micrograms/ml.0.78-1.56 micrograms/ml, TC: 1.56-> 100 micrograms/ml.0.78-> 100 micrograms/ml, minocycline (MINO): 1.56-12.5 micrograms/ml.0.78-3.13 micrograms/ml, kanamycin (KM): 3.13-6.25 micrograms/ml.25-100 micrograms/ml, fosfomycin (FOM): 3.13-25 micrograms/ml.0.78-6.25 micrograms/ml, norfloxacin (NFLX): < or = 0.025-0.2 microgram/ml.< or = 0.025-0.2 microgram/ml, ABPC: 1.56-> 100 micrograms/ml.0.78-> 100 micrograms/ml and cefaclor (CCL): 1.56-25 micrograms/ml.56-12.5 micrograms/ml. MICs of CP and tetracyclines (TCs) in an anaerobic condition were lower by twofold and the MIC of FOM was lower by fourfold, but the variabilities of MIC-ranges of NFLX, ABPC and CCL were small. The MIC of KM was high. 2. We observed that some of Salmonella spp. were highly resistant to CP, TCs and MINO, and some were moderately resistant to NFLX. 3. The detection frequency of TC-resistant strains and NFLX-insensitive or resistant strains were high among C. jejuni subsp. jejuni. 4. Strains of V. parahaemolyticus and C. jejuni subsp. jejuni were mostly resistant to ABPC and CCL, MICs of which were in high ranges. 5. Fecal concentrations in MINO, KM, FOM and NFLX reported in literatures are high enough to have some antimicrobial activities, leed dose of ABPC and CCL are quite low.

Topics: Aerobiosis; Ampicillin; Anaerobiosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Campylobacter jejuni; Cefaclor; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enteritis; Escherichia coli O157; Fosfomycin; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minocycline; Norfloxacin; Penicillins; Salmonella; Tetracycline; Vibrio parahaemolyticus

We analyzed retrospectively the illnesses of 82 patients with Campylobacter jejuni enteritis to ascertain the efficacy of antimicrobials and drugs that inhibit gastrointestinal motility. Forty-four patients were treated with only supportive measures consisting of diet modification and fluids; 22 others received an antimotility agent for at least 48 h; the remaining 16 were given an antimicrobial at or near the time of therapeutic intervention. The three groups were similar in terms of severity of symptoms and signs. There was a greater need for secondary antimicrobial therapy because of static or worsening illness in the group treated with antimotility agents (8/22, 36%) than in the others (4/44,9%; 2/16, 13%: p less than 0.02). Furthermore, six patients treated initially and 10 treated secondarily with erythromycin or tetracycline had illnesses of shorter duration than did untreated controls paired by age, sex, length and severity of symptoms and signs, hematochezia, and antimotility therapy (p less than 0.05). Thus treatment of C. jejuni enteritis with erythromycin or a tetracycline shortened the illness, but antimotility agents impeded the resolution of the infection.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Campylobacter fetus; Campylobacter Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Disease Outbreaks; Enteritis; Feces; Female; Formaldehyde; Fumigation; Housing, Animal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Rodent Diseases; Salmonella; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Tetracycline

Escherichia coli O78: K80 strains isolated from an outbreak among premature and newborn infants with meningitis, sepsis and enteritis, from sporadic cases of enteritis and from healthy carriers were compared with one another and with different E. coli serogroups. The O78: K80 cultures uniformly failed to give the rabbit intestinal loop test and the guinea pig eye reaction and none of them contained L1 antigen. After intraperitoneal injection into mice, the organisms multiplied in the peritoneal cavity and caused bacteriaemia lasting at least 2 weeks. E. coli strains originating from septicaemia (O78: K80, O18a,c: K?, O83: K?) showed significantly lower LD50 values for mice (9 x 10(3)--7 x 10(5)) than did E. coli serogroups associated with infantile enteritis only (3 x 10(8)--7 x 10(8)). It is assumed that the isolates differ in pathogenicity not only from E. coli strains associated with "cholera-like" disease and with "dysenteriform" infection, but also from L1 antigen-containing cultures described in neonatal meningitis, and constitute a separate group characterized by an ability to cause meningitis, sepsis and enteritis within the same outbreak.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Antigens, Bacterial; Chloramphenicol; Enteritis; Enterotoxins; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Meningitis; Mice; Sepsis; Tetracycline

A disease characterized by segments of ischaemic small intestine has been recognized in norther Thailand over the past decade. The clinical features and appearance of the diseased intestime are described. Most of the patients were treated by surgical resection of the affected bowel. The overall mortality was 14 per cent. Recently, some patients have been successfully treated by non-surgical means. The aetiology of the disease is still unknown.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Diarrhea; Enteritis; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Ischemia; Male; Parasite Egg Count; Tetracycline; Thailand

An epizootic of reptilian amebiasis seems to have caused the death of 15 to 16 large and valuable captive snakes (boas, pythons, and anacondas) occupying one of 5 large display dioramas in the Steinhart Aquarium of the California Academy of Science, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. Subsequent review of previous snake deaths in the colony indicated that of 464 snakes that had died since early 1969, 89 snakes had intestinal or hepatic lesions, and 80 of these snakes had pathologic features which involved severe intestinal ulceration, hemorrhage, and massive enteritis, with or without hepatic necrosis and destruction, condition compatible with Entamoeba invadens infection. The present epizootic began in November, 1972, with the death by acute enteritis of a red-tailed boa constrictor (Boa constrictor amarali) and was followed by the loss of 15 other large boids and pythonids. The affected snakes became immobile, refused to feed, and began to die 10 weeks after the death of the red-tailed boa. Seven boa constrictors, 4 pythons, and 4 anacondas from the same diorama died during the ensuing 10 weeks. Entamoeba invadens trophozoites were identified in the stool of the remaining living snake, a 3-m boa constrictor, and in the liver and the intestinal tissue of 1 of the dead boas examined microscopically. The parasite was also found in the stool of a giant Burmese python (Python molurus bivittatus) that died in the adjacent diorama and in the tissues of a blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides), separately housed, that died of enteritis during this period. Amebic cysts were recovered from turtle and alligator fecal samples taken from a central "swamp," or reservoir, draining the dioramas, water that is returned to the snake display areas after passage through a biological sand-gravel filter and ultraviolet radiation exposure. Cultures from these stools were positive and proved lethal to an experimentally infected boa constrictor. Treatment of the surviving snake in the affected diorama with metronidazole at the dose rate of 275 mg/kg proved rapidly effective; toxicosis was not observed. Other snakes and lizards suspected of having the infection were similarly treated and returned to normal behavior and feeding patterns. Epidemiologic considerations review the probable mode of introduction and spread of this highly lethal snake pathogen and recommendations are made for avoiding infection, prophylactic treatment, and handling of similar epizootics when they do occur

Topics: Amebiasis; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Emetine; Entamoebiasis; Enteritis; Gastroenteritis; Inflammation; Intestines; Kidney; Liver; Metronidazole; Necrosis; Snakes; Tetracycline

Topics: Chloramphenicol; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Dysentery, Bacillary; Enteritis; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Shigella; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Colitis; Dysentery; Enteritis; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Escherichia coli Infections; Feces; Humans; Infant; Lactobacillaceae; Mice; Salmonella Infections; Seasons; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Chloramphenicol; Drug Combinations; Enteritis; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Lung Diseases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pneumonia; Pyrimidines; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Carrier State; Chloramphenicol; Cross Infection; Drug Synergism; Enteritis; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Extrachromosomal Inheritance; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care Units; Kanamycin; Klebsiella; Klebsiella Infections; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nurseries, Hospital; Penicillin Resistance; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Wound Infection

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Arthritis; Child; Child, Preschool; Diarrhea; Diet Therapy; Enteritis; Erythema; Erythema Nodosum; Feces; Female; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Myocarditis; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Prognosis; Sex Factors; Sulfonamides; Sweden; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriophage Typing; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Colitis; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Furazolidone; Neomycin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Respiratory Tract Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus Phages; Streptomycin; Surgical Wound Infection; Temperature; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchitis; Child; Enteritis; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Middle Aged; Nephritis; Otitis; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Phlebitis; Pyelitis; Pyrazoles; Sinusitis; Tetracycline; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephaloridine; Child; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Colistin; Enteritis; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Kanamycin; Nalidixic Acid; Neomycin; Oleandomycin; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin Resistance; Polymyxins; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Viomycin

Topics: Anemia; Child; Diarrhea; Enteritis; Humans; Hypothermia; Infections; Kwashiorkor; Nutrition Disorders; Penicillins; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sepsis; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Diarrhea, Infantile; Enteritis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Meningitis; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis; Sepsis; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Tooth Diseases; Tooth, Deciduous; Vomiting; Whooping Cough

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carrier State; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Cycloserine; Enteritis; Feces; Furazolidone; Humans; Infant; Neomycin; Niacinamide; Nitrofurantoin; Paromomycin; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Salmonella; Salmonella Infections; Streptomycin; Sulfaguanidine; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Neomycin; Oxytetracycline; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Child; Colon; Enteritis; Humans; Ileitis; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestinal Perforation; Intussusception; Male; Postoperative Complications; Tetracycline; Ulcer

Topics: Dysentery, Bacillary; Enteritis; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Oleandomycin; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enteritis; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Furazolidone; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Israel; Neomycin; Pathology; Polymyxins; Statistics as Topic; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Abscess; Air Microbiology; Antisepsis; Bacteriological Techniques; Bacteriophage Typing; Burns; Chloramphenicol; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Empyema; Enteritis; Epidemiology; Osteomyelitis; Penicillins; Pneumonia; Postoperative Complications; Pressure Ulcer; Pyelonephritis; Sepsis; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus Phages; Tetracycline; Toxicology; Wound Infection

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colonic Neoplasms; Diagnosis; Enteritis; Humans; Neomycin; Postoperative Complications; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Enteritis; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Injections, Intravenous; Nephrosis; Pyelitis; Tetracycline; Toxicology; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enteritis; Gastroenteritis; Neomycin; Pectins; Streptomycin; Sulfaguanidine; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Clioquinol; Colistin; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Neomycin; Nitrofurantoin; Oleandomycin; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin Resistance; Phenanthrolines; Proteus Infections; Quinones; Rolitetracycline; Streptomycin; Sulfisomidine; Tetracycline

Topics: Cardiac Glycosides; Chloramphenicol; Diarrhea; Drug Therapy; Enteritis; Erythromycin; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Tetracycline; Vibrio; Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enteritis; Humans; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enteritis; Feces; Humans; Salmonella Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus; Dysentery; Dysentery, Bacillary; Enteritis; Humans; Salmonella; Salmonella Food Poisoning; Salmonella Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enteritis; Family Practice; General Practice; Micrococcus; Tetracycline

Topics: Enteritis; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous; Femoral Neck Fractures; Femur Neck; Fractures, Bone; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colitis; Enteritis; Enterocolitis; Infections; Micrococcus; Staphylococcus aureus; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Colitis; Cortisone; Enteritis; Humans; Infant; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline