tetracycline and Eczema

New drugs are available for managing several common skin disorders. For psoriasis, topical corticosteroids remain the first-line therapy, but topical vitamin D3 analogs, such as calcipotriene, now have a role. They are as effective as medium-potency topical steroids but without steroid side effects, though they can induce hypercalcemia if the dose exceeds 100 g/week. For more severe cases, methotrexate has been widely used, but other drugs now also are prescribed. They include calcineurin inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, and more recently, biologic agents, such as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. For children and pregnant women, in whom the previously discussed drugs are not appropriate, narrowband UV-B light often is the first-line treatment. For eczema, patients requiring steroid-sparing topical drugs can be treated with calcineurin inhibitors (ie, pimecrolimus or tacrolimus); between the 2, tacrolimus is the first choice for adults and children older than 2 years. When systemic management is needed, oral calcineurin inhibitors (eg, cyclosporine) are appropriate, though oral steroids often are needed for severe cases. The need for systemic management can sometimes be delayed with use of diluted bleach baths. For acne vulgaris, standard treatments with topical benzoyl peroxide and topical or systemic antibiotics are used widely, as are oral contraceptives, but oral isotretinoin is the most effective treatment.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Child; Dermatologic Agents; Eczema; Female; Histamine Antagonists; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Infant; Middle Aged; Psoriasis; Retinoids; Skin Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Cosmetics; Dermatitis, Contact; Eczema; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Fluocortolone; Humans; Internal Medicine; Male; Ointments; Stress, Psychological; Tetracycline

(1) Photosensitivity reactions are cutaneous disorders due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation of natural or artificial origin. They occur or are more prevalent on unprotected skin. The main clinical manifestations are burns, eczema-like rash, urticaria, pigmentation, or onycholysis; (2) Many drugs increase cutaneous sensitivity to UV, sometimes for therapeutic purposes, but it is generally an unwanted effect.

Topics: Aminolevulinic Acid; Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cardiovascular Agents; Dermatitis, Photoallergic; Dermatitis, Phototoxic; Dihematoporphyrin Ether; Diuretics; Doxycycline; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Eczema; Furocoumarins; Hematoporphyrin Photoradiation; Humans; Methotrexate; Onycholysis; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitivity Disorders; Photosensitizing Agents; Porphyrins; Psychotropic Drugs; Quinolines; Skin; Skin Aging; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Pigmentation; Sulfonamides; Sunscreening Agents; Tetracycline; Ultraviolet Rays; Urticaria; Verteporfin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eczema; Gastroenteritis; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Organometallic Compounds; Recurrence; Salicylates; Tetracycline

Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to mupirocin (MIC > 4000 mg l-1) were recovered from children and staff at a school for children with eczema and/or asthma or cystic fibrosis after mupirocin had been used to treat eczematous lesions. At least three distinct strains of S. aureus were involved and resistance was shown to be due in most isolates to a transmissible plasmid. The need for monitoring the extended use of this valuable antibiotic is emphasized.

Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Bacteriophage Typing; Carrier State; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Eczema; Female; Humans; Male; Mupirocin; Plasmids; Schools; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Topical; Dermatitis; Eczema; Steroids; Tetracycline

Patients whose skins are colonized with Staphylococcus aureus resistant to penicillin and/or tetracycline may carry variants that are sensitive to these antibiotics. The skin of most individuals yields the fully resistant type as the predominant flora and the nose harbours the sensitive version. This probably represents plasmid loss in vivo. The plasmid-positive cells were not more resistant to desiccation or more deeply pigmented than plasmid-negative cells. The explanation for such distributions is unknown.

Topics: Anthralin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Desiccation; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Eczema; Ethidium; Female; Genetic Variation; Humans; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Penicillin Resistance; Perineum; Pigments, Biological; Plasmids; Psoriasis; Skin; Staphylococcus aureus; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Prescriptions; Eczema; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Neomycin; Ointment Bases; Psoriasis; Salicylates; Skin Diseases; Sulfur; Tetracycline

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Blister; Contraceptives, Oral; Cosmetics; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Eruptions; Eczema; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Fusobacterium; Humans; Male; Pruritus; Rosacea; Tetracycline; Vitamin B Deficiency

A strain of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the skin of a subject with eczema showed a loss in resistance to neomycin and tetracycline after treatment with neomycin was stopped. Seven out of 22 strains of neomycin-resistant Staph. aureus showed a loss in resistance to neomycin and streptomycin after storage in nutrient broth for 14 days at room temperature, and it seems probable that resistance in these unstable strains was controlled by extrachromosomal elements or plasmids. Strains of phage types 84/85 and 29/77 and related types were frequently isolated in general hospital wards and showed no loss in resistance on similar storage in nutrient broth. Five of the neomycin-unstable strains were isolated from patients with eczematous lesions. Multiple-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive strains of Staph. aureus of similar phage type were isolated from patients in a ward for patients with skin disease, and the possibility of transfer of resistance in vivo is discussed.

Topics: Drug Resistance, Microbial; Eczema; Extrachromosomal Inheritance; Genetics, Microbial; Humans; Neomycin; Preservation, Biological; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Varicose Ulcer

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Child, Preschool; Eczema; Female; Furunculosis; Humans; Male; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Skin Ulcer; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Carbuncle; Chlortetracycline; Eczema; Erysipelas; Folliculitis; Furunculosis; Griseofulvin; Humans; Impetigo; Lupus Vulgaris; Paronychia; Penicillins; Scalp Dermatoses; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Eczema; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Maleates; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetracycline; Urticaria

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angioedema; Child; Dermatitis, Atopic; Diet; Eczema; Emotions; Female; Humans; Immune Sera; Infant; Male; Penicillins; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Psychotherapy; Skin Tests; Steroids; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Urticaria; Vaccines

Topics: Dermatitis, Contact; Eczema; Erythromycin; Hexachlorophene; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ointments; Tetracycline

Topics: Asthma; Blood Protein Disorders; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Eczema; Female; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Methacycline; Otitis Media; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline; Tonsillectomy

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Black or African American; Child; Child, Preschool; Darier Disease; Ecology; Eczema; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Jamaica; Male; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Eczema; Erythromycin; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Prednisolone; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chickenpox; Convalescence; Drug Therapy; Eczema; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption; Pathology; Syndrome; Tetracycline

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diet; Diet Therapy; Drug Therapy; Eczema; Hexachlorophene; Humans; Immunization; Ointments; Psychotherapy; Staphylococcal Toxoid; Steroids; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline