tetracycline and Corneal-Ulcer

To evaluate the antifungal activity of a fixed antibiotic combination (AC) containing tetracycline (TET), chloramphenicol (CAF), and colistimethate sodium (CS).. In vitro: Candida ATCC and clinical strains were used. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of AC and of each antibiotic were determined. Fluconazole (FLC) was tested for comparison. Time-killing curves of selected strains were performed. Ex vivo keratitis: corneas were injected intrastromally with the selected strains. After the injection, corneas were divided into groups of treatments: AC, FLC, or saline. Then, the tissues were analyzed for colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g). Propidium iodide (PI) and MitoTracker (MTR) staining were used to investigate the mode of action.. Values of MIC required to inhibit the growth of 90% of organisms for the antibiotics alone were higher than FLC. However, their activity was enhanced when used in combination against Candida yeasts. Time-killing curves showed that at 24 hours, AC reduced the load of both strains of approximately 1 Log10 CFU/g compared with the initial inoculum (P < 0.0001). This effect was also significant versus FLC. In ex vivo, AC was effective in decreasing the loads of both strains by 4 Log10 CFU/g with respect to the control. Moreover, it showed higher activity than FLC against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (1 Log10 CFU/g, P < 0.01 versus control). PI staining demonstrated that CS changed the membrane's permeability, whereas MTR staining demonstrated that TET or CAF altered mitochondrial function. The cells treated with AC and stained showed both effects.. In this study, AC showed antifungal efficacy versus Candida spp.; this activity can be due to the synergistic effects of antibiotics in it.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Colony Count, Microbial; Corneal Ulcer; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Drug Synergism; Eye Infections, Fungal; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Ophthalmic Solutions; Rabbits; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

To present a case of delayed-onset unilateral keratitis caused by Actinomyces israelii after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).. A 28-year-old woman was referred to our clinic because of foreign-body sensation and mild blurred vision in her left eye. She had bilateral simultaneous LASIK approximately 5 months ago. On slit-lamp examination, there was an area of infiltration in the corneal interface. The LASIK flap was elevated, and the involved area was scraped and irrigated with antibiotic solutions.. Culture and smear showed A. israelii as a causative agent, and the keratitis was successfully treated by antibiotics chosen according to antibiotic sensitivity test.. Actinomyces israelii must be considered in differential diagnosis of delayed-onset microbial keratitis after LASIK. Flap elevation, scraping, and irrigating the involved area can be helpful to obtain specimens for culture and smear and to control infection.

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefazolin; Corneal Topography; Corneal Ulcer; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Fluorometholone; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Postoperative Complications; Surgical Flaps; Tetracycline

The purpose of this paper is to report a case of corneal staining after treatment with topical tetracycline.. A patient with crystalline keratopathy caused by Streptococcus viridans after corneal transplantation was treated topically with tetracycline eye drops, based on results of bacterial sensitivity testing. After 3 weeks of intensive treatment, the donor cornea was stained with a brownish hue, which was ascribed to the tetracycline drops.. One patient with crystalline keratopathy developed corneal staining after intensive treatment with topical tetracycline eye drops. After a year of follow-up, the staining of the cornea had not changed significantly.. Hourly topical tetracycline eye drops may induce corneal pigmentation. To our knowledge, this is the first published case report of corneal staining caused by tetracycline eye drops.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cornea; Corneal Diseases; Corneal Transplantation; Corneal Ulcer; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Ophthalmic Solutions; Pigmentation Disorders; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Viridans Streptococci

Tetracycline has anticollagenase activity in human and animal tissues. Recent evidence shows collagenase to be instrumental in the progression of infectious and noninfectious corneal ulceration. We investigated the effect of systemic tetracycline on the incidence of corneal perforation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ulcerative keratitis in rabbits. Twenty rabbits were assigned randomly to two groups in a masked fashion. All corneas were inoculated with 10(6) P. aeruginosa organisms. Ten rabbits (20 eyes) received intramuscular tetracycline 50mg/kg/day in a saline vehicle (treatment group), and ten rabbits (20 eyes) received saline alone (control group) for ten days. The incidence of corneal perforation in the treatment group (45%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (80%, P less than .02). This appeared to be independent of any antimicrobial effect from tetracycline. Administration of tetracycline may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of P. aeruginosa corneal ulcers.

Topics: Animals; Colony Count, Microbial; Corneal Ulcer; Double-Blind Method; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Recent evidence has demonstrated a marked anticollagenolytic effect for the tetracycline antibiotics. We have examined the efficacy of systemic tetracycline hydrochloride in a rabbit model of corneal ulceration. A standard alkali burn (1N sodium hydroxide for 40 s) was delivered to 62 eyes (31 rabbits). Animals were then divided into three groups: group 1 (controls) (ten rabbits [20 eyes]) received no treatment; group 2 (ten rabbits [20 eyes]) received 10 mg/kg/d of tetracycline hydrochloride, given intramuscularly; and group 3 (11 rabbits [22 eyes]) received 50 mg/kg/d. Ulceration occurred in 85% (17/20) of control eyes. The higher dosage of tetracycline was more effective in preventing ulceration than the lower dosage (9.1% vs 55%). Eyes with higher levels of tetracycline in ocular tissues were less likely to ulcerate.

Topics: Alkalies; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Cornea; Corneal Ulcer; Female; Male; Rabbits; Tetracycline

Corneal melting refers to a condition in patients whose corneas undergo progressive necrosis of stromal tissue despite being culture negative. Recent evidence has shown that systemic tetracyclines demonstrate anti-collagenolytic activity that may have clinical effectiveness in disease treatment. The evidence led us to try this modality as adjunct therapy in the treatment of an 80-year-old white man with a noninfected corneal ulcer. One gram of tetracycline in four divided doses led to a dramatic resolution of the corneal ulcer. This positive result supports the new concept that tetracycline therapy inhibits tissue collagenolytic enzyme activity by a mechanism unrelated to its antibacterial efficacy and may prove useful in the treatment of nonspecific corneal ulceration.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Cornea; Corneal Ulcer; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Keratitis, Dendritic; Male; Recurrence; Tetracycline

Topics: Corneal Ulcer; Humans; Tetracycline

In a 15-year-old boy a culture-proved keratitis after a corneal perforation healed without antifungal agents after corneal suturing and application of tissue glue. Eight months later a posterior corneal abscess developed. Diagnostic and therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty was performed when the lesion failed to respond to pimaricin. Cultures were positive for Acremonium potronii, the same fungus isolated from the original corneal laceration eight months previously. To our acknowledge, this is the first case report of a central corneal ulcer or abscess due to this specific organism.

Topics: Adolescent; Atropine; Bacitracin; Corneal Injuries; Corneal Ulcer; Cyanoacrylates; Eye Injuries; Gentamicins; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Keratitis; Male; Mycoses; Natamycin; Neomycin; Polymyxins; Prednisolone; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Wound Healing

Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Blindness; Complement Fixation Tests; Conjunctiva; Corneal Opacity; Corneal Ulcer; Erythromycin; Hemagglutination Tests; Humans; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Trachoma

Topics: Amphotericin B; Corneal Ulcer; Female; Humans; Male; Mycoses; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiviral Agents; Child; Corneal Ulcer; Eye Injuries; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Keratitis; Male; Nocardia; Nocardia Infections; Rabbits; Species Specificity; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Cellulitis; Child; Cornea; Corneal Ulcer; Eye; Eye Diseases; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Hordeolum; Humans; Infections; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Rabbits; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline