tetracycline and Chronic-Disease

Unprecedented community containment measures were taken following the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy. The aim of the study was to explore the self-reported future compliance of citizens with such measures and its relationship with potentially impactful psychological variables.. An online survey was completed by 931 people (18-76 years) distributed across the Italian territory. In addition to demographics, five dimensions were measured: self-reported compliance with containment measures over time (today, at 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, and 180 days from now) at three hypothetical risk levels (10, 50, 90% of likelihood of contracting the COVID-19), perceived risk, generalized anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and relevance of several psychological needs whose satisfaction is currently precluded.. The duration of containment measures plays a crucial role in tackling the spread of the disease as people will be less compliant over time. Psychological needs of citizens impacting on the compliance should be taken into account when planning an easing of the lockdown, along with interventions for protecting vulnerable groups from mental distress.. La apendicitis aguda (AA) es la urgencia quirúrgica abdominal más frecuente. No encontramos estudios específicos que evalúen el impacto de la pandemia causada por el coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) sobre la AA y su tratamiento quirúrgico. Analizamos la influencia de esta nueva patología sobre la AA.. Estudio observacional retrospectivo en pacientes intervenidos por AA desde enero hasta abril de 2020. Fueron clasificados según el momento de la apendicectomía, antes de la declaración del estado de alarma (Pre-COVID19) y después de la declaración del estado de alarma (Post-COVID19) en España. Se evaluaron variables demográficas, duración de la sintomatología, tipo de apendicitis, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria y complicaciones postoperatorias.. La pandemia por SARS-Cov-2 influye en el momento de diagnóstico de la apendicitis, así como en su grado de evolución y estancia hospitalaria. La peritonitis fue lo más frecuentemente observado. Una sospecha y orientación clínica más temprana, es necesaria para evitar un manejo inadecuado de este trastorno quirúrgico común.. The primary outcome is improvement in PaO. Findings will provide timely information on the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of t-PA to treat moderate/severe COVID-19-induced ARDS, which can be rapidly adapted to a phase III trial (NCT04357730; FDA IND 149634).. None.. The gut barrier is crucial in cirrhosis in preventing infection-causing bacteria that normally live in the gut from accessing the liver and other organs via the bloodstream. Herein, we characterised gut inflammation by measuring different markers in stool samples from patients at different stages of cirrhosis and comparing this to healthy people. These markers, when compared with equivalent markers usually measured in blood, were found to be very different in pattern and absolute levels, suggesting that there is significant gut inflammation in cirrhosis related to different immune system pathways to that seen outside of the gut. This provides new insights into gut-specific immune disturbances that predispose to complications of cirrhosis, and emphasises that a better understanding of the gut-liver axis is necessary to develop better targeted therapies.. La surveillance de l’intervalle QT a suscité beaucoup d’intérêt durant la pandémie de la COVID-19 en raison de l’utilisation de médicaments prolongeant l’intervalle QT et les préoccupations quant à la transmission virale par les électrocardiogrammes (ECG) en série. Nous avons posé l’hypothèse que la surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT par télémétrie était associée à une meilleure détection des épisodes de prolongation de l’intervalle QT.. Nous avons introduit la télémétrie cardiaque en continu (TCC) à l’aide d’un algorithme de surveillance automatisée de l’intervalle QT dans nos unités de COVID-19. Les mesures automatisées quotidiennes de l’intervalle QT corrigé (auto-QTc) en fonction de la fréquence cardiaque maximale ont été enregistrées. Nous avons comparé la proportion des épisodes de prolongation marquée de l’intervalle QTc (QTc long), définie par un intervalle QTc ≥ 500 ms, chez les patients montrant une suspicion de COVID-19 ou ayant la COVID-19 qui avaient été admis avant et après la mise en place de la TCC (groupe témoin. La surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT est supérieure à la norme de soins dans la détection des épisodes de QTc long et exige peu d’ECG. La réponse clinique aux épisodes de QTc long est sous-optimale.. Exposure to a model wildfire air pollution source modifies cardiovascular responses to HC challenge, suggesting air pollution sensitizes the body to systemic triggers.. Though the majority of HIV-infected adults who were on HAART had shown viral suppression, the rate of suppression was sub-optimal according to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target to help end the AIDS pandemic by 2020. Nonetheless, the rate of immunological recovery in the study cohort was low. Hence, early initiation of HAART should be strengthened to achieve good virological suppression and immunological recovery.. Dust in Egyptian laying hen houses contains high concentrations of microorganisms and endotoxins, which might impair the health of birds and farmers when inhaled. Furthermore, laying hens in Egypt seem to be a reservoir for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Thus, farmers are at risk of exposure to ESBL-producing bacteria, and colonized hens might transmit these bacteria into the food chain.. The lack of significant differences in the absolute changes and relative ratios of injury and repair biomarkers by contrast-associated AKI status suggests that the majority of mild contrast-associated AKI cases may be driven by hemodynamic changes at the kidney.. Most comparisons for different outcomes are based on very few studies, mostly low-powered, with an overall low CoE. Thus, the available evidence is considered insufficient to either support or refute CH effectiveness or to recommend one ICM over another. Therefore, further well-designed, larger RCTs are required.. PROSPERO database Identifier: CRD42016041953.. Untouched root canal at cross-section perimeter, the Hero 642 system showed 41.44% ± 5.62% and Reciproc R40 58.67% ± 12.39% without contact with instruments. Regarding the untouched area, Hero 642 system showed 22.78% ± 6.42% and Reciproc R40 34.35% ± 8.52%. Neither instrument achieved complete cross-sectional root canal debridement. Hero 642 system rotary taper 0.02 instruments achieved significant greater wall contact perimeter and area compared to reciprocate the Reciproc R40 taper 0.06 instrument.. Hero 642 achieved higher wall contact perimeter and area but, regardless of instrument size and taper, vital pulp during. The functional properties of the main mechanisms involved in the control of muscle Ca. This study showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of the iron-responsive product DHA in arthritis can be monitored by an iron-like radioactive tracer (. Attenuated vascular reactivity during pregnancy suggests that the systemic vasodilatory state partially depletes nitric oxide bioavailability. Preliminary data support the potential for MRI to identify vascular dysfunction in vivo that underlies PE. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:447-455.. La evaluación de riesgo es importante para predecir los resultados postoperatorios en pacientes con cáncer gastroesofágico. Este estudio de cohortes tuvo como objetivo evaluar los cambios en la composición corporal durante la quimioterapia neoadyuvante e investigar su asociación con complicaciones postoperatorias. MÉTODOS: Los pacientes consecutivos con cáncer gastroesofágico sometidos a quimioterapia neoadyuvante y cirugía con intención curativa entre 2016 y 2019, identificados a partir de una base de datos específica, se incluyeron en el estudio. Se utilizaron las imágenes de tomografía computarizada, antes y después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante, para evaluar el índice de masa muscular esquelética, la sarcopenia y el índice de grasa visceral y subcutánea.. In this in vitro premature infant lung model, HF oscillation of BCPAP was associated with improved CO. Our results showed that HPC significantly promotes neurogenesis after MCAO and ameliorates neuronal injury.. Inflammatory markers are highly related to signs of systemic hypoperfusion in CS. Moreover, high PCT and IL-6 levels are associated with poor prognosis.. These findings indicate that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has a protective potential against stroke through modulation of redox and electrolyte imbalances, and attenuation of neurotransmitter dysregulation and other neurochemical dysfunctions. Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit could be a promising source for the discovery of bioactives for stroke therapy.

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; A Kinase Anchor Proteins; Acetates; Achilles Tendon; Acute Kidney Injury; Acute Pain; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Adenine Nucleotides; Adhesins, Escherichia coli; Adipocytes; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipogenesis; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Algorithms; Alkaloids; Alkynes; Allosteric Regulation; Amines; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aminopyridines; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Anaerobic Threshold; Angiography; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animal Distribution; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antifungal Agents; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Aotidae; Apelin; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Argentina; Arginine; Artemisinins; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroscopy; Aspergillus; Aspergillus niger; Asteraceae; Asthma; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Auditory Cortex; Autoantibodies; Autophagy; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Basketball; Beclin-1; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzimidazoles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzofurans; Benzoxazines; Bereavement; beta Catenin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams; Betacoronavirus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biofilms; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Evolution; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biopolymers; Biopsy; Bismuth; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Boron; Botrytis; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brazil; Breast Neoplasms; Breath Tests; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Burkholderia; C-Reactive Protein; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cameroon; Camptothecin; Candida; Candida albicans; Capillaries; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Carps; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Catalysis; Cats; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Centrosome; Ceratopogonidae; Chickens; Child; China; Cholera Toxin; Choline; Cholinesterases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Chronic Disease; Cinnamates; Cities; Citrates; Climate Change; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Coal; Coal Mining; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Colchicine; Colony Count, Microbial; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Common Cold; Complement Factor H; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Contrast Media; Coordination Complexes; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Cosmetics; COVID-19; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Culicidae; Culture Media; Curcuma; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Cymbopogon; Cystine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Databases, Genetic; Death; Dendritic Cells; Density Functional Theory; Depsides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diamond; Diarylheptanoids; Dibenzofurans; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; Diclofenac; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dioxins; Diphenylamine; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Susceptibility; Disulfides; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Doublecortin Protein; Drosophila melanogaster; Droughts; Drug Carriers; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Dust; Dynactin Complex; Dysferlin; Echo-Planar Imaging; Echocardiography; Edaravone; Egypt; Elasticity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Emodin; Emtricitabine; Endometriosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Endotoxins; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epidemiologic Factors; Epigenesis, Genetic; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Vaccines; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Esophagogastric Junction; Esterases; Esterification; Ethanol; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Eucalyptus; Evidence-Based Practice; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Family; Fatty Acids; Feedback; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Filtration; Fish Diseases; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Follow-Up Studies; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Forests; Fossils; Free Radical Scavengers; Freund's Adjuvant; Fruit; Fungi; Gallium; Gender Identity; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genitalia; Genotype; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Glottis; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucuronides; Glutathione Transferase; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Grassland; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Head Kidney; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Heart Septum; HEK293 Cells; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Hemodynamics; Hep G2 Cells; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Hepatocytes; Hesperidin; High-Frequency Ventilation; High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; Hippocampus; Hirudins; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; HIV Infections; Homeostasis; Hominidae; Housing, Animal; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Brominated; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Immunoconjugates; Immunogenic Cell Death; Indoles; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Infrared Rays; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Injections, Intravenous; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-6; Intermediate Filaments; Intermittent Claudication; Intestine, Small; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Iron; Isomerism; Isotope Labeling; Isoxazoles; Itraconazole; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Ketoprofen; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Lactobacillus; Lactulose; Lakes; Lamivudine; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Laryngoscopy; Leucine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Lipid A; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Losartan; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lupinus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Machine Learning; Macular Degeneration; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Magnetic Phenomena; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetics; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mannans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mass Spectrometry; Melatonin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Meniscectomy; Menisci, Tibial; Mephenytoin; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Metal Nanoparticles; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Mice, Obese; Mice, Transgenic; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microcirculation; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Video; Microtubules; Microvascular Density; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Models, Animal; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Models, Theoretical; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Morus; Mouth Floor; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Multiple Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; NAD; NADP; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Naphthols; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Neisseria meningitidis; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroblastoma; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; New York; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NF-kappa B; Nicotine; Nitriles; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Fixation; North America; Observer Variation; Occupational Exposure; Ochrobactrum; Oils, Volatile; Olea; Oligosaccharides; Omeprazole; Open Field Test; Optimism; Oregon; Oryzias; Osmolar Concentration; Osteoarthritis; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Oxadiazoles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Ozone; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pakistan; Pandemics; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Patient-Centered Care; Pelargonium; Peptides; Perception; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Peroxides; Pets; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacogenetics; Phenobarbital; Phenols; Phenotype; Phosphates; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphines; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Photoacoustic Techniques; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phylogeny; Phytoestrogens; Pilot Projects; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plant Immunity; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Plasmodium berghei; Plasmodium falciparum; Platelet Activation; Platelet Function Tests; Pneumonia, Viral; Poaceae; Pogostemon; Poloxamer; Poly I; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Polycyclic Compounds; Polyethylene Glycols; Polylysine; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Population Dynamics; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Postoperative Complications; Postprandial Period; Potassium Cyanide; Predictive Value of Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prepulse Inhibition; Prevalence; Procalcitonin; Prodrugs; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Proline; Proof of Concept Study; Prospective Studies; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Protein Folding; Protein Multimerization; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Structure, Secondary; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Protozoan Proteins; Psychometrics; Pulse Wave Analysis; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quality of Life; Quantum Dots; Quinoxalines; Quorum Sensing; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rain; Random Allocation; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, PAR-1; Receptors, CXCR4; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Interleukin-17; Receptors, Notch; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reducing Agents; Reflex, Startle; Regional Blood Flow; Regression Analysis; Reperfusion Injury; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Rhinitis, Allergic; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Rituximab; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; ROC Curve; Rosmarinic Acid; Running; Ruthenium; Rutin; Sarcolemma; Sarcoma; Sarcopenia; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; SARS-CoV-2; Scavenger Receptors, Class A; Schools; Seasons; Seeds; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Shock, Cardiogenic; Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases; Signal Transduction; Silver; Singlet Oxygen; Sinusitis; Skin; Skin Absorption; Small Molecule Libraries; Smoke; Socioeconomic Factors; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Solid Phase Extraction; Solubility; Solvents; Spain; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Speech; Speech Perception; Spindle Poles; Spleen; Sporothrix; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Stereoisomerism; Stomach Neoplasms; Stress, Physiological; Stroke Volume; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Sulfonamides; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature; Tenofovir; Terpenes; Tetracycline; Tetrapleura; Textiles; Thermodynamics; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thrombin; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Toluidines; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth; Tramadol; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription, Genetic; Transfection; Transgender Persons; Translations; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Ubiquinone; Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; United Kingdom; United States; Up-Regulation; Vascular Stiffness; Veins; Ventricular Remodeling; Viral Load; Virulence Factors; Virus Replication; Vitis; Voice; Voice Quality; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water-Electrolyte Balance; Weather; Wildfires; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Wound Healing; X-Ray Diffraction; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Young Adult; Zoogloea

Patients with POAG have lower corneal endothelial cell density than healthy controls of the same age. This may be attributed to mechanical damage from elevated IOP and toxicity of glaucoma medications.. Mycophenolic acid was detected in all cats. The dose 10 mg/kg given q12h for 1 week was tolerated (n = 3). The efficacy of MMF as an immunosuppressant and long-term safety in cats of this dosage regimen is unknown.. T

Topics: Acetylcholine; Acinetobacter baumannii; Actinobacteria; Action Potentials; Adalimumab; Adaptation, Physiological; Adipates; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adsorption; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Aldosterone; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Amoxicillin; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Antacids; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Apgar Score; Area Under Curve; ARNTL Transcription Factors; Arterial Pressure; Arthritis, Juvenile; Athletes; Attention; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biofilms; Biofuels; Biological Therapy; Biomass; Biomimetic Materials; Bioreactors; Birth Weight; Bismuth; Blood Flow Velocity; Bone and Bones; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Capsaicin; Carbon; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiomegaly, Exercise-Induced; Cartilage; Cartilage, Articular; Case-Control Studies; Catalysis; Cats; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Death; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Charcoal; Chemokine CCL2; Child; Child, Preschool; Chondrogenesis; Chronic Disease; Circadian Clocks; Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Clarithromycin; Coccidioides; Coccidioidomycosis; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Coinfection; Color; Coloring Agents; Computer Simulation; Computers, Molecular; Consensus; Corticosterone; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Density Functional Theory; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Dialysis Solutions; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Dopamine Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxorubicin; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electrocardiography; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; Electrolytes; Endocardium; Endocrine Disruptors; Endocytosis; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Escherichia coli Proteins; Esters; Evolution, Molecular; Executive Function; Feasibility Studies; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fluorescence; Fluorescent Dyes; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Frailty; Free Radical Scavengers; Gabapentin; Geriatric Assessment; Glucaric Acid; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; HEK293 Cells; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hep G2 Cells; Hepatocytes; Humans; Hungary; Hydrogen Sulfide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunologic Factors; Immunomodulation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Independent Living; Indocyanine Green; Infant; Infant Formula; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Inflorescence; Insulin Resistance; Insulins; International Agencies; Iron; Isotonic Solutions; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Lactones; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Liver Neoplasms; Macular Edema; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetosomes; Male; Medical Audit; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Metabolic Syndrome; Metformin; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Nude; Middle Aged; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Motor Activity; Multiple Sclerosis; Mycophenolic Acid; Netherlands; Neuropsychological Tests; Nuclear Energy; Organs at Risk; Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Oxidation-Reduction; Palladium; Pericardium; Perinatal Death; Peritoneal Dialysis; Phantoms, Imaging; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phospholipids; Phosphorylation; Physical Conditioning, Human; Physical Endurance; Pilot Projects; Polyketides; Polymers; Positron-Emission Tomography; Postoperative Period; Potassium; Powders; Pramipexole; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregabalin; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Protein Structure, Secondary; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Puberty; Pulmonary Circulation; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Quantum Dots; Radiometry; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, CCR2; Receptors, Transferrin; Regeneration; Registries; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Restless Legs Syndrome; Retina; Retinoid X Receptor alpha; Retrospective Studies; Rhenium; Risk Factors; RNA, Messenger; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Sodium; Sodium Fluoride; Solvents; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Stereoisomerism; Stroke; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tachycardia, Ventricular; Tetracycline; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase; Tetrahydronaphthalenes; Thermodynamics; Thiophenes; Time Factors; Tinidazole; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Topiramate; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral; Transferrin; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation; Upper Extremity; Uremia; Uveitis; Vascular Remodeling; Ventricular Fibrillation; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Function, Right; Ventricular Remodeling; Verapamil; Veterans; Visual Acuity; Vitrectomy; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Zea mays; Zirconium

Despite its prevalence, rosacea has not received the same attention of researchers as other dermatologic disorders. Nevertheless, new pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for the condition continue to be developed. The future of rosacea treatment will probably involve a combination of drugs and devices. Certain core therapies (i.e., topical metronidazole, topical azelaic acid, oral tetracyclines, and topical sulfur/sodium sulfacetamide) are validated by the greatest amount of high-order clinical evidence and will undoubtedly remain first-line therapeutic choices. However, more research is necessary to validate the efficacy and safety of newer pharmacologic agents and light-based therapy. Because rosacea is a chronic condition, pharmacologic maintenance therapy is necessary to maintain remission.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biomedical Research; Chronic Disease; Dermatologic Agents; Dicarboxylic Acids; Forecasting; Humans; Metronidazole; Rosacea; Tetracycline

Chronic periodontitis affects many adults in the United States, some severely enough to threaten tooth loss. Of particular clinical importance is whether scaling and root planing (SRP) accompanied by a local adjunctive therapeutic agent improves outcomes over time compared to SRP alone. The adjunctive therapeutic agents investigated include: tetracycline, minocycline, metronidazole, a group of other antibiotics, chlorhexidine, and a group of antimicrobials. Primary outcomes considered are reductions in probing depth (PD) and gains in clinical attachment level (CAL).. RTI-UNC Evidence-Based Practice Center staff searched MEDLINE (1966 through December 2002) and EMBASE (through February 2002) to identify clinical trials published in English that 1) involved adults with chronic periodontitis but no serious comorbidities; 2) tested one or more chemical antimicrobial agents as an adjunct to SRP alone or with a placebo; 3) had a concurrent control group that received the same SRP as the treatment group; 4) reported outcomes for specified, fixed time periods; and 5) if multiple antimicrobials were tested, reported outcomes for each agent separately. We performed qualitative analyses and meta-analyses of PD and CAL effect sizes when the necessary data were available from at least three studies at 6-month follow-up.. Among the locally administered adjunctive antimicrobials, the most positive results occurred for tetracycline, minocycline, metronidazole, and chlorhexidine. Adjunctive local therapy generally reduced PD levels. Differences between treatment and SRP-only groups in the baseline-to-follow-up period typically favored treatment groups but usually only modestly (e.g., from about 0.1 mm to nearly 0.5 mm) even when the differences were statistically significant. Effects for CAL gains were smaller and statistical significance less common. The marginal improvements in PD and CAL were a fraction of the improvement from SRP alone.. Whether such improvements, even if statistically significant, are clinically meaningful remains a question. A substantial agenda of future research to address this and other issues (e.g., costs, patient-oriented outcomes) is suggested.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dental Scaling; Humans; Metronidazole; Minocycline; Periodontitis; Tetracycline

Meta-analysis was used to assess the clinical efficacy of local delivery of tetracycline alone or as an adjunct to conventional mechanical therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis.. Studies were identified in MEDLINE and others sources. Meta-analyses were performed on the basis of probing depth (PD) at baseline, type of antimicrobial used, and experimental and control regimens (i.e., tetracycline plus scaling and root planing [SRP] versus SRP, tetracycline versus SRP, and tetracycline versus placebo, or no treatment). The effect of local tetracycline was evaluated for follow-up times of 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 36 weeks. Sensitivity analysis was performed according to antimicrobial delivery mode (irrigation, fibers, strips). A random effects model was used.. The literature search identified 29 studies that met our inclusion criteria and were entered Into the meta-analysis. A significant mean reduction in PD for the combined tetracycline and SRP was observed regardless of initial probing depth and independently to the duration of follow-up. Tetracycline alone did not perform better than SRP, whereas they performed significantly better than placebo. Differences in improvement of attachment level (AL) were substantially similar to those encountered for PD.. Our results documented that local. delivery of tetracycline improves the clinical outcomes of traditional treatment and should be considered particularly as an adjunct to SRP. Considerations regarding the adverse effects of widespread use of tetracycline should be taken into account when choosing a therapeutic strategy of chronic periodontitis.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Scaling; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Placebos; Root Planing; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Periodontitis is a bacterial infection. It appears in a generalised form but more often appears in local areas in a patient's mouth or is reduced to localised areas by mechanical treatment. Periodontitis lends itself well to treatment by means of a controlled local delivery system using an antimicrobial agent. Several products have been introduced or are in the process of clearing regulatory agencies. It is the goal of all local delivery systems to deliver high concentrations of an antimicrobial directly to the site of the periodontal infection. Concentrations of medication can be achieved considerably higher than could be obtained with systemic administration, while the systemic uptake of the medication is minimal. Five local delivery systems (tetracycline fibre, doxycycline polymer, chlorhexidine chip, minocycline ointment and metronidazole gel) are now available. Techniques for their use and the supporting scientific evidence are presented and indications for the use of the various systems are also discussed. These local delivery systems offer the clinician additional therapeutic procedures to aid in the treatment of the chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Implants; Gels; Humans; Metronidazole; Minocycline; Ointments; Periodontitis; Polymers; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Klebsiella; Klebsiella Infections; Male; Middle Aged; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis; Tetracycline

The recognition of the microbial origin and the specificity of periodontal infections has resulted in the development of several adjunctive therapies (antibiotics and/or antiseptics) to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic adult periodontitis. This article aims to review the "additional" effect of a subgingival irrigation with chlorhexidine, or a local or systemic application of tetracycline or metronidazole, performed in combination with a single course of scaling and root planing in patients with chronic adult periodontitis. All treatment modalities are compared with scaling and root planing, based on their impact on: the probing depth (PD); total number of colony forming units per ml (CFU/ml); the proportions and/or the detection-frequency of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia; and/or on the percentages of cocci, spirochetes, motile, and other micro-organisms on dark field microscopy examination. All treatment modalities, including scaling and root planing without additional chemical therapy, resulted in significant reductions in the probing depth and the proportions of periodontopathogens, at least during the first 8 weeks post-therapy. However in comparison to a single course of scaling and root planing, the supplementary effect of adjunctive therapies seems to be limited. In general, only the irrigation with chlorhexidine 2%, the local application of minocycline, and the systemic use of metronidazole (in case of large proportions of spirochetes) or doxycycline (in case of large proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans) seem to result in a prolonged supplementary effect when compared to scaling and root planing. Therefore, the use of antibiotics on a routine basis, especially in a systemic way, in the treatment of chronic adult periodontitis, can no longer be advocated, considering the increasing danger for the development of microbial resistance.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adult; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antitrichomonal Agents; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Scaling; Gels; Humans; Metronidazole; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; Root Planing; Spirochaetales; Tetracycline; Therapeutic Irrigation

Two cases of yellow nail syndrome (a triad of yellow dystrophic nails, chronic lymphedema and pleural effusion) are described which demonstrate long-term control of recurrent pleural effusions by tetracycline pleurodesis. Neither patient developed problems as a result of the procedure enabling us to conclude that tetracycline pleurodesis is effective in managing reaccumulating pleural fluid in yellow nail syndrome and may avoid loss of lung function due to pleural peel.

Topics: Aged; Chronic Disease; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lymphedema; Male; Middle Aged; Nail Diseases; Pleural Effusion; Pleurodesis; Syndrome; Tetracycline

Prostatitis remains a challenging condition. The clinical features are often nonspecific while the aetiology and pathogenesis can be diverse and includes inflammatory, obstructive, and/or chemical causes and may also be related to calculi. Four categories are recognized: acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, non-bacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia. The diagnosis of prostatitis was advanced substantially by the introduction of sequential sampling of urine aliquots following prostatic massage. Bacterial prostatitis is largely associated with the Enterobacteriaceae although Pseudomonas spp., enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus may also be isolated. In chronic bacterial prostatitis a variety of streptococci and anaerobic bacteria may be isolated. Treatment is difficult largely owing to the limited range of agents able to achieve therapeutic concentrations within prostatic fluid, which has a pH lower than that of plasma. Trimethroprim, co-trimoxazole and the tetracyclines have been widely used. The quinolones have recently been shown to diffuse readily into the prostate; ofloxacin and temafloxacin have produced the highest concentrations in prostatic fluid. Antibiotic treatment requires prolonged high dosage and careful monitoring to ensure that bacterial eradication has occurred. Other forms of management have included the judicious use of anti-inflammatory agents and analgesics. In some patients zinc sulphate has proved to be of symptomatic benefit.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Bacterial Infections; Chronic Disease; Colony Count, Microbial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Male; Prostatitis; Pseudomonas Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

The use of systemic tetracycline in the treatment of periodontal disease has been controversial. To investigate this controversy, we performed a quality assessment and attempted to perform a meta-analysis of 13 published studies. We evaluated the quality of the study protocol and data analysis and presentation for each study. We were unable to combine data from the majority of studies due to heterogeneity of the outcomes evaluated and limitations in data reported in the individual studies. Therefore, only 2 studies were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. On a scale of 0-1, the mean score for this group of studies was 0.27 (+/- 0.19) for study protocol and 0.31 (+/- 0.11) for data analysis and presentation. Mean reduction in probing depth for the group treated with tetracycline plus scaling was 2.45 mm; for the group which received only scaling, 2.02 mm; for the group that received only tetracycline, 1.98 mm; and for the control group, 0.65 mm. We conclude that analysis of data from the published literature does not demonstrate that the use of systemic tetracycline is more beneficial than conventional treatment in the management of adult periodontal disease. More information is needed in order to perform an extensive meta-analysis of this subject.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Clinical Protocols; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Dental Scaling; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Research Design; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Acute bacterial prostatitis caused by common urinary tract pathogens is an infrequent disease, and diagnostic difficulties are rarely encountered. On the other hand, chronic prostatitis is a common disease requiring rather elaborate diagnostic procedures. We applied the localization protocol of the four-specimen technique and combined quantitative determinations of microorganisms and quantitative cytologic analysis plus, in chlamydial infections, serologic investigations. Our studies provide good evidence that Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis must be considered etiologic agents in many cases of chronic bacterial prostatitis. These unconventional microorganisms are assumed to infect the prostate by way of intracanalicular ascension from the urethra.

Topics: Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Prostatitis; Tetracycline; Ureaplasma; Urethra; Urine

Periodontal diseases are common oral diseases that afflict all humans to some degree. The major aetiological agent is dental plaque--the complex microflora which forms on teeth in the absence of effective oral hygiene. The interaction of the microbial flora and the periodontal tissues produces an inflammatory response and tissue breakdown. Recent information has categorized periodontal diseases on the basis of increased knowledge about the particular microorganisms associated with the different clinical conditions. In addition, the important role of host defences, in particular the phagocytic cellular elements, has allowed for a better understanding of the pathological processes. This knowledge is contributing towards the development of rational and effective therapy for all forms of periodontal diseases. Because of the widespread occurrence of periodontal diseases and their potential relationships to systemic conditions, it is important that medical practitioners should be able to recognize, and be conversant with methods of treatment of, these diseases.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Child; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative; Humans; Metronidazole; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Periodontium; Stomatitis, Herpetic; Tetracycline

Topics: Brucella; Brucellosis; Chronic Disease; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Rifampin; Serologic Tests; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Historically chronic bacterial prostatitis in the male human has been relatively resistant to antimicrobial chemotherapy. The pharmacokinetic theory of drug diffusion into the prostate is reviewed. A brief description of the various canine models utilized to quantitate antimicrobial drug diffusion is presented. Specific data concerning the diffusion of various antimicrobial agents are abstracted followed by a brief discussion of mechanistic explanations for the success or failure of drug therapy.

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Bacterial Infections; Cephalosporins; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Kinetics; Male; Penicillins; Prostatitis; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Age Factors; Air Pollution; Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Cephalothin; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emphysema; Environmental Exposure; Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves; Mycoplasma; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Respiratory Tract Infections; Rhinovirus; Smoking; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Urban Population

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antacids; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Anticoagulants; Anticonvulsants; Bone and Bones; Bone Diseases; Cadmium; Cathartics; Chronic Disease; Dactinomycin; Diuretics; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Fluorides; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Iron; Lead; Methotrexate; Plicamycin; Radium; Tetracycline; Vitamin A; Vitamin D

Topics: Acute Disease; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorpheniramine; Chronic Disease; Ear, Middle; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Gentamicins; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Infant; Methicillin; Otitis Media; Recurrence; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Tympanic Membrane

Topics: Acute Disease; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Corynebacterium; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Escherichia coli Infections; Gentamicins; Haplorhini; Kidney; Ligation; Mice; Nalidixic Acid; Nitrofurantoin; Penicillin G; Proteus Infections; Pseudomonas Infections; Pyelonephritis; Rabbits; Rats; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Ureter

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacitracin; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Ear Diseases; Humans; Labyrinth Diseases; Laryngitis; Neomycin; Novobiocin; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media; Penicillins; Pneumococcal Infections; Polymyxins; Respiratory Tract Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Tonsillitis; Tracheal Diseases

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Expectorants; Haemophilus; Humans; Sputum; Tetracycline

Unprecedented community containment measures were taken following the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy. The aim of the study was to explore the self-reported future compliance of citizens with such measures and its relationship with potentially impactful psychological variables.. An online survey was completed by 931 people (18-76 years) distributed across the Italian territory. In addition to demographics, five dimensions were measured: self-reported compliance with containment measures over time (today, at 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, and 180 days from now) at three hypothetical risk levels (10, 50, 90% of likelihood of contracting the COVID-19), perceived risk, generalized anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and relevance of several psychological needs whose satisfaction is currently precluded.. The duration of containment measures plays a crucial role in tackling the spread of the disease as people will be less compliant over time. Psychological needs of citizens impacting on the compliance should be taken into account when planning an easing of the lockdown, along with interventions for protecting vulnerable groups from mental distress.. La apendicitis aguda (AA) es la urgencia quirúrgica abdominal más frecuente. No encontramos estudios específicos que evalúen el impacto de la pandemia causada por el coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) sobre la AA y su tratamiento quirúrgico. Analizamos la influencia de esta nueva patología sobre la AA.. Estudio observacional retrospectivo en pacientes intervenidos por AA desde enero hasta abril de 2020. Fueron clasificados según el momento de la apendicectomía, antes de la declaración del estado de alarma (Pre-COVID19) y después de la declaración del estado de alarma (Post-COVID19) en España. Se evaluaron variables demográficas, duración de la sintomatología, tipo de apendicitis, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria y complicaciones postoperatorias.. La pandemia por SARS-Cov-2 influye en el momento de diagnóstico de la apendicitis, así como en su grado de evolución y estancia hospitalaria. La peritonitis fue lo más frecuentemente observado. Una sospecha y orientación clínica más temprana, es necesaria para evitar un manejo inadecuado de este trastorno quirúrgico común.. The primary outcome is improvement in PaO. Findings will provide timely information on the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of t-PA to treat moderate/severe COVID-19-induced ARDS, which can be rapidly adapted to a phase III trial (NCT04357730; FDA IND 149634).. None.. The gut barrier is crucial in cirrhosis in preventing infection-causing bacteria that normally live in the gut from accessing the liver and other organs via the bloodstream. Herein, we characterised gut inflammation by measuring different markers in stool samples from patients at different stages of cirrhosis and comparing this to healthy people. These markers, when compared with equivalent markers usually measured in blood, were found to be very different in pattern and absolute levels, suggesting that there is significant gut inflammation in cirrhosis related to different immune system pathways to that seen outside of the gut. This provides new insights into gut-specific immune disturbances that predispose to complications of cirrhosis, and emphasises that a better understanding of the gut-liver axis is necessary to develop better targeted therapies.. La surveillance de l’intervalle QT a suscité beaucoup d’intérêt durant la pandémie de la COVID-19 en raison de l’utilisation de médicaments prolongeant l’intervalle QT et les préoccupations quant à la transmission virale par les électrocardiogrammes (ECG) en série. Nous avons posé l’hypothèse que la surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT par télémétrie était associée à une meilleure détection des épisodes de prolongation de l’intervalle QT.. Nous avons introduit la télémétrie cardiaque en continu (TCC) à l’aide d’un algorithme de surveillance automatisée de l’intervalle QT dans nos unités de COVID-19. Les mesures automatisées quotidiennes de l’intervalle QT corrigé (auto-QTc) en fonction de la fréquence cardiaque maximale ont été enregistrées. Nous avons comparé la proportion des épisodes de prolongation marquée de l’intervalle QTc (QTc long), définie par un intervalle QTc ≥ 500 ms, chez les patients montrant une suspicion de COVID-19 ou ayant la COVID-19 qui avaient été admis avant et après la mise en place de la TCC (groupe témoin. La surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT est supérieure à la norme de soins dans la détection des épisodes de QTc long et exige peu d’ECG. La réponse clinique aux épisodes de QTc long est sous-optimale.. Exposure to a model wildfire air pollution source modifies cardiovascular responses to HC challenge, suggesting air pollution sensitizes the body to systemic triggers.. Though the majority of HIV-infected adults who were on HAART had shown viral suppression, the rate of suppression was sub-optimal according to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target to help end the AIDS pandemic by 2020. Nonetheless, the rate of immunological recovery in the study cohort was low. Hence, early initiation of HAART should be strengthened to achieve good virological suppression and immunological recovery.. Dust in Egyptian laying hen houses contains high concentrations of microorganisms and endotoxins, which might impair the health of birds and farmers when inhaled. Furthermore, laying hens in Egypt seem to be a reservoir for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Thus, farmers are at risk of exposure to ESBL-producing bacteria, and colonized hens might transmit these bacteria into the food chain.. The lack of significant differences in the absolute changes and relative ratios of injury and repair biomarkers by contrast-associated AKI status suggests that the majority of mild contrast-associated AKI cases may be driven by hemodynamic changes at the kidney.. Most comparisons for different outcomes are based on very few studies, mostly low-powered, with an overall low CoE. Thus, the available evidence is considered insufficient to either support or refute CH effectiveness or to recommend one ICM over another. Therefore, further well-designed, larger RCTs are required.. PROSPERO database Identifier: CRD42016041953.. Untouched root canal at cross-section perimeter, the Hero 642 system showed 41.44% ± 5.62% and Reciproc R40 58.67% ± 12.39% without contact with instruments. Regarding the untouched area, Hero 642 system showed 22.78% ± 6.42% and Reciproc R40 34.35% ± 8.52%. Neither instrument achieved complete cross-sectional root canal debridement. Hero 642 system rotary taper 0.02 instruments achieved significant greater wall contact perimeter and area compared to reciprocate the Reciproc R40 taper 0.06 instrument.. Hero 642 achieved higher wall contact perimeter and area but, regardless of instrument size and taper, vital pulp during. The functional properties of the main mechanisms involved in the control of muscle Ca. This study showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of the iron-responsive product DHA in arthritis can be monitored by an iron-like radioactive tracer (. Attenuated vascular reactivity during pregnancy suggests that the systemic vasodilatory state partially depletes nitric oxide bioavailability. Preliminary data support the potential for MRI to identify vascular dysfunction in vivo that underlies PE. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:447-455.. La evaluación de riesgo es importante para predecir los resultados postoperatorios en pacientes con cáncer gastroesofágico. Este estudio de cohortes tuvo como objetivo evaluar los cambios en la composición corporal durante la quimioterapia neoadyuvante e investigar su asociación con complicaciones postoperatorias. MÉTODOS: Los pacientes consecutivos con cáncer gastroesofágico sometidos a quimioterapia neoadyuvante y cirugía con intención curativa entre 2016 y 2019, identificados a partir de una base de datos específica, se incluyeron en el estudio. Se utilizaron las imágenes de tomografía computarizada, antes y después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante, para evaluar el índice de masa muscular esquelética, la sarcopenia y el índice de grasa visceral y subcutánea.. In this in vitro premature infant lung model, HF oscillation of BCPAP was associated with improved CO. Our results showed that HPC significantly promotes neurogenesis after MCAO and ameliorates neuronal injury.. Inflammatory markers are highly related to signs of systemic hypoperfusion in CS. Moreover, high PCT and IL-6 levels are associated with poor prognosis.. These findings indicate that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has a protective potential against stroke through modulation of redox and electrolyte imbalances, and attenuation of neurotransmitter dysregulation and other neurochemical dysfunctions. Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit could be a promising source for the discovery of bioactives for stroke therapy.

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; A Kinase Anchor Proteins; Acetates; Achilles Tendon; Acute Kidney Injury; Acute Pain; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Adenine Nucleotides; Adhesins, Escherichia coli; Adipocytes; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipogenesis; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Algorithms; Alkaloids; Alkynes; Allosteric Regulation; Amines; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aminopyridines; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Anaerobic Threshold; Angiography; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animal Distribution; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antifungal Agents; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Aotidae; Apelin; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Argentina; Arginine; Artemisinins; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroscopy; Aspergillus; Aspergillus niger; Asteraceae; Asthma; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Auditory Cortex; Autoantibodies; Autophagy; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Basketball; Beclin-1; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzimidazoles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzofurans; Benzoxazines; Bereavement; beta Catenin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams; Betacoronavirus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biofilms; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Evolution; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biopolymers; Biopsy; Bismuth; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Boron; Botrytis; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brazil; Breast Neoplasms; Breath Tests; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Burkholderia; C-Reactive Protein; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cameroon; Camptothecin; Candida; Candida albicans; Capillaries; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Carps; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Catalysis; Cats; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Centrosome; Ceratopogonidae; Chickens; Child; China; Cholera Toxin; Choline; Cholinesterases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Chronic Disease; Cinnamates; Cities; Citrates; Climate Change; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Coal; Coal Mining; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Colchicine; Colony Count, Microbial; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Common Cold; Complement Factor H; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Contrast Media; Coordination Complexes; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Cosmetics; COVID-19; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Culicidae; Culture Media; Curcuma; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Cymbopogon; Cystine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Databases, Genetic; Death; Dendritic Cells; Density Functional Theory; Depsides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diamond; Diarylheptanoids; Dibenzofurans; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; Diclofenac; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dioxins; Diphenylamine; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Susceptibility; Disulfides; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Doublecortin Protein; Drosophila melanogaster; Droughts; Drug Carriers; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Dust; Dynactin Complex; Dysferlin; Echo-Planar Imaging; Echocardiography; Edaravone; Egypt; Elasticity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Emodin; Emtricitabine; Endometriosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Endotoxins; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epidemiologic Factors; Epigenesis, Genetic; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Vaccines; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Esophagogastric Junction; Esterases; Esterification; Ethanol; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Eucalyptus; Evidence-Based Practice; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Family; Fatty Acids; Feedback; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Filtration; Fish Diseases; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Follow-Up Studies; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Forests; Fossils; Free Radical Scavengers; Freund's Adjuvant; Fruit; Fungi; Gallium; Gender Identity; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; 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Currently, several local antimicrobial delivery systems are available to periodontists. The aim of this 6-month follow-up parallel study was to evaluate the efficacy of three commercially available local delivery systems as adjuncts to scaling and root planing in the treatment of sites with persistent periodontal lesions.. Seventy-nine patients with 4 pockets > or = 5 mm and bleeding on probing and/or suppuration were randomized into 4 treatment groups which included: scaling and root planing alone (S) (20 patients), or in conjunction with the application of 25% tetracycline fibers (S+Tet) (19 patients), or 2% minocycline gel (S+Min) (21 patients), or 25% metronidazole gel (S+Met) (19 patients). Clinical measurements were taken at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after antimicrobial application. Treatments were applied using the distributors' recommended protocols.. All 4 therapies resulted in significant improvements from baseline in probing depth, attachment level, bleeding on probing, and the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) scores. The improvements in clinical parameters were greater in all 3 adjunctive treatment groups than scaling and root planing alone. The mean probing depth reductions at 6 months were: scaling + tetracycline = 1.38 mm; scaling + metronidazole = 0.93 mm; scaling + minocycline = 1.10 mm; and scaling alone = 0.71 mm. The probing depth reduction at all time points was significantly greater in the scaling plus tetracycline fiber group than the scaling and root planing alone group (P<0.01). There was also a significant improvement for scaling plus tetracycline fiber application over scaling and metronidazole at both 6 weeks and 3 months, although this did not remain significant at the 6-month visit. While the frequency of sites with suppuration was markedly reduced following all antimicrobial treatments, the most effective reductions were seen in the scaling plus tetracycline fiber group, followed by the minocycline group.. Although all 3 locally applied antimicrobial systems seem to offer some benefit over scaling and root planing alone, a treatment regimen of scaling and root planing plus tetracycline fiber placement gave the greatest reduction in probing depth over the 6 months after treatment.

Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Dental Scaling; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gels; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Two hundred seventy-seven patients with chronic Lyme disease were treated with tetracycline for 1 to 11 months (mean, 4 months); the outcomes for these patients were generally good. Overall, 20% of the patients were cured; 70% of the patients' conditions improved, and treatment failed for 10% of the patients. Improvement frequently did not take place for several weeks; after 2 months of treatment, 33% of the patients' conditions were significantly improved (degree of improvement, 75%-100%), and after 3 months of treatment, 61% of the patients' conditions were significantly improved. Treatment outcomes for seronegative patients (20% of all patients) were similar to those for seropositive patients. Western immunoblotting showed reactions to one or more Borrelia burgdorferi-specific proteins for 65% of the patients for whom enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were negative. Whereas age, sex, and prior erythema migrans were not correlated with better or worse treatment outcomes, a history of longer duration of symptoms or antibiotic treatment was associated with longer treatment times to achieve improvement and cure. These results support the use of longer courses of treatment in the management of patients with chronic Lyme disease. Controlled trials need to be conducted to validate these observations.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Lyme Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Nine patients with refractory periodontitis were selected for this study. Each patient had undergone surgery once or twice in the previous five years and had been on three-month recall for clinical examination and scaling. During the maintenance phase of therapy and despite regular scaling, each patient had additional pocket formation that was either localized or generalized. Pocket depths in each patient were recorded and scaling was carried out. Three months later the patients were examined, and again no improvement was observed in the pocket depths. This time all patients were scaled again, and 250 mg tetracycline every six hours for 20 days as well as 250 mg metronidazole every eight hours for seven days were systemically administered. After an additional three months, patients were again examined and pocket depths measured. The latter examination disclosed that the clinical condition of the gingiva, as shown by bleeding and exudate, had improved. The pocket depths had also been reduced. The scaling-alone mean pocket depths were 4.93 mm, whereas the scaling-plus-antibiotic measurements were reduced to 2.78 mm. The difference was significant (p = 0.01).

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Dental Scaling; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; Tetracycline

The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of two antibiotics, spiramycin and tetracycline, with a placebo when used adjunctively with scaling and root planing in the treatment of advanced adult chronic periodontitis. This was a double-blind, parallel, randomized trial with one factor (drug) at three levels. Ninety-six patients (mean age 46 +/- 1) were randomly assigned into one of three groups. All groups were scaled and root planed with each respective group receiving either spiramycin, tetracycline, or a placebo for 2 weeks. Two sites with probing depth of at least 7 mm were evaluated and the following clinical parameters were measured at baseline, 2, 8, 12, and 24 weeks: plaque index, bleeding on probing, crevicular fluid, probing depth, and change in the attachment level. The changes in the subgingival bacteria were monitored also using a differential staining technique. Seventy-nine patients completed the study. At the end of 24 weeks, although all three groups had shown clinical improvement when compared to the baseline data, there were no significant intergroup differences in any of the clinical parameters measured. While the proportion of spirochetes were significantly decreased (P less than 0.05) at 2- and 8-week intervals in both tetracycline and spiramycin groups (26% to 0.04% and 28% to 0.04%, respectively), compared to the placebo group (30% to 7%), only in the spiramycin group was the proportion of spirochetes significantly lower than the placebo group at the 24-week interval (3% and 11%, respectively). At week 24, the proportion of spirochetes in the tetracycline group had rebounded to 7%, which was not significantly different from the placebo group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dental Plaque Index; Dental Prophylaxis; Dental Scaling; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Placebos; Spiramycin; Spirochaetales; Tetracycline

Tetracycline-containing cross-linked collagen film (TC film), or tetracycline-free placebo film, were locally applied 4 times, at 1-week intervals, to 33 teeth with periodontal pockets larger than 4 mm, in 11 patients with periodontal disease. The clinical and microbiological effects are summarized, as follows. In the group treated with the TC film, (1) the clinical indices were significantly decreased at the 4th and 7th weeks in comparison with those at the beginning of treatment. In particular, this group showed a significant decrease in the incidence of bleeding as compared with the placebo group at the 4th week. (2) Total counts of bacteria in the periodontal pockets showed an obvious tendency to decrease with time. The proportion of black-pigmented bacteroides was significantly decreased at the 4th and 7th weeks when compared with the pretreatment value. The extent of decrease in the proportion of spirochetes at both the 4th and 7th weeks was significant compared with the placebo group and the pretreatment value.

Topics: Bacteroides; Chronic Disease; Collagen; Drug Carriers; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Spirochaetales; Tetracycline

Local antimicrobial therapy has been considered for use in the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. This study evaluated chlorhexidine, metronidazole, and tetracycline delivered into periodontal pockets in an acrylic resin vehicle and compared the results with root planed and untreated sites over a three-month follow-up period. One site per patient where pocketing greater than or equal to 6 mm associated with a single rooted tooth was randomly allocated to one of the five possible regimens. Baseline and follow-up measurements included probing depth, loss of attachment, bleeding on probing, crevicular fluid flow, and dark-field microscopy of a subgingival plaque sample. Intratreatment evaluations revealed no significant changes in any parameter for untreated sites. Significant improvements in many parameters occurred with all four therapies although the magnitude and duration were greater in metronidazole and root planing groups. The more important intertreatment comparisons indicated that most treatments produced significant benefits compared with the control group; however, again these were greater with metronidazole and root planing. Furthermore, significantly greater effects were noted for metronidazole and root planing compared with tetracycline and more particularly chlorhexidine. It is concluded that some locally delivered antimicrobials alone may be useful in the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. However, at this time local antimicrobial therapy should be considered as adjunctive to conventional debridement techniques.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Dental Scaling; Drug Implants; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Methylmethacrylates; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Pocket; Tetracycline; Tooth Root

This study was designed to compare both clinical and microbiological changes during the treatment of advanced periodontal disease with mechanical debridement, with or without the adjunctive use of either spiramycin or tetracycline. The study, which included 96 patients with advanced periodontitis, was performed as a controlled double-blind parallel randomized trial. All patients received thorough scaling and root planing as well as adjunctive placebo or spiramycin or tetracycline. Probing depth measurements, attachment level changes, plaque level, gingival crevicular fluid, bleeding on probing and microbiological evaluation were carried out at baseline, 2-, 8-, 12- and 24-week visits. Seventy-nine patients (24 placebo, 27 tetracycline and 28 spiramycin) completed the study. At 24 weeks there were no intergroup differences in the improvement of any of the clinical parameters. Spiramycin was the only antibiotic which produced a significantly greater decrease in the proportion of spirochaetes than the placebo group at the 24-week visit. It was concluded that mechanical debridement alone was sufficient in decreasing the subgingival bacteria to a level which would result in the return to periodontal health. The study was not long enough to determine whether or not the difference in spirochaete level was an indication that the spiramycin group would have maintained the benefits of treatment for a longer time.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Leucomycins; Male; Periodontitis; Random Allocation; Tetracycline

We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 40 patients to evaluate the need for antibiotics in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. All patients were sufficiently ill to require hospitalization although none needed ventilatory support; the presence of pneumonia was excluded. Treatment consisted of bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and either tetracycline, 500 mg, or placebo by mouth every 6 hours for 1 week. Arterial blood gases, spirometric tests, bacteriologic evaluation of sputum, and patient and physician evaluation of the severity of illness were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. All patients improved both symptomatically and by objective measures of lung function. At the end of the study period there were no differences between those patients receiving tetracycline and those receiving placebo. We conclude that antibiotic therapy is not needed in moderately ill patients with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Drug Evaluation; Female; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Random Allocation; Tetracycline; Vital Capacity

This study is a reappraisal for the value of intermittent tetracycline therapy in the reduction of the rate of pulmonary function alteration in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Two groups of patients with chronic bronchitis were randomly divided and followed up for three years. No significant differences in pulmonary function were observed between these two groups.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Random Allocation; Spirometry; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Rosacea; Tetracycline; Time Factors

The results from the comparative clinical studies on the effectiveness of tetraolean and tetracycline are summed up about 1672 patients with acute and exacerbated infections of the respiratory organs (1036 patient, treated by ten teams, working on the theme given in advance "Comparative clinical studies between tetraolean and tetracyclin in acute pneumonia", 164 patients with postgrippe viral-bacterial pneumonia, treated during the grippe epidemy 1972/1973 and 445 patient treated at the Therapeutic Clinic, Sofia during 1967-1972). The total results reveal that, according to the adopted objective indices, the therapeutic effect of tetraolean is with a statistically significant superiority over tetracyclin. The beneficial results obtained in the treatment of 14 patients with endocarditis lenta are also reported. The mechanisms of that superior effect, defined as "clinical synergism" are discussed.

Topics: Acute Disease; Bulgaria; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial; Humans; Influenza, Human; Lung Diseases; Oleandomycin; Pneumonia; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Benzoates; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Oxyquinoline; Quinolines; Tetracycline

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Follow-Up Studies; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sputum; Streptococcus; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diarrhea; Escherichia coli; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Minocycline; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Suppuration; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Topics: Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Escherichia coli; Female; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Placebos; Sputum; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfamethoxazole; Suppuration; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Cephaloridine; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Erythromycin; Humans; Penicillin G; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Child; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cloxacillin; Humans; Osteomyelitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Uganda

Topics: Amines; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bronchi; Bronchitis; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; DNA; Fibrinogen; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocyte Count; Mucus; Penicillins; Recurrence; Respiratory Tract Infections; Saliva; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Infective Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; Pyrimidines; Sputum; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteriological Techniques; Bronchitis; Child; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Synergism; Female; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; Male; Placebos; Pregnancy; Pyrimidines; Sputum; Sulfamethoxazole; Suppuration; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Delayed-Action Preparations; Humans; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candida; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Exudates and Transudates; Haemophilus Infections; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Micrococcus; Neisseria; Otitis Media; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Placebos; Retrospective Studies; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Tympanic Membrane

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aminosalicylic Acids; Antitubercular Agents; Capreomycin; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cycloserine; Drug Combinations; Ethambutol; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Pyrazinamide; Radiography; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Methacycline; Spirometry; Sputum; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Chloroquine; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cortisone; Female; Humans; Male; Menstruation Disturbances; Middle Aged; Mouthwashes; Ointments; Placebos; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Lactose; Placebos; Streptomycin; Sulfamethazine; Tetracycline; Urethritis

Seventy-nine patients with chronic bronchitis were randomly allotted to four treatment regimens-placebo throughout the winter months for five years; tetracycline for the first two winters and placebo for the next three; placebo for the first two winters and tetracycline for the next three; and tetracycline for five winters. In addition all groups recevied a five-day course of tetracycline for any acute exacerbation. There was a significant reduction in the number of exacerbations among the more susceptible patients-that is, those who suffered more than one exacerbation each winter. Though the average decline in F.E.V.(1) over the five-year period was less in the treated groups this was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the groups in respect of lung volumes, diffusing capacity, and blood gases.

Topics: Adult; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diarrhea; Diffusion; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Respiratory Function Tests; Seasons; Smoking; Spirometry; Sputum; Tetracycline; Weather

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Synergism; Erythromycin; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Novobiocin; Radiography; Spirometry; Sputum; Streptococcus; Tetracycline

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; Pyrimidines; Sputum; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Bromelains; Bronchitis; Capillary Permeability; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chronic Disease; Humans; Sputum; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Female; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Methacycline; Middle Aged; Sputum; Streptococcus; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Aged; Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Placebos; Sputum; Streptomycin; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Function Tests; Suppuration; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Conjunctivitis; Environmental Health; Female; Humans; Indians, North American; Male; Placebos; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline; Trachoma

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Influenza, Human; Placebos; Seasons; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfaphenazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Indians, North American; Nevada; Placebos; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline; Trachoma

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Expectorants; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxytetracycline; Sputum; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Burkholderia cenocepacia is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that is a cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Research efforts over the past few decades contributed to our understanding of these infections by identifying virulence factors. However, little is known about how this pathogen adapts to the harsh environment found inside the CF airways, which is characterized by a unique mucus containing high concentrations of inflammatory markers. The current study developed a novel model to further investigate this phenomenon.. Monolayers of human A549 lung carcinoma cells (HLCCs) were exposed to a mixture of artificial CF sputum medium (ASMDM) in tissue culture growth medium, and subsequently infected with B. cenocepacia K56-2 for 24 h. The data showed that this model supported B. cenocepacia growth. In addition, consistent with similar studies using current models such as CF airway tissue samples, HLCC viability was reduced by more than 70 % when grown in 60 % ASMDM and infected with B. cenocepacia compared to mock-infected controls and medium alone. Furthermore, the amount of B. cenocepacia cells associated with the HLCC monolayer was more than 10 times greater in 60 % ASMDM when compared to medium controls.. These findings suggest that HLCC monolayers in 60 % ASMDM serve as a valid alternative to study B. cenocepacia infections in patients with CF, and possibly other chronic diseases of the airways. Furthermore, the results obtained in this study suggest an important role for CF sputum in B. cenocepacia pathogenesis.

Topics: A549 Cells; Burkholderia cenocepacia; Burkholderia Infections; Chronic Disease; Culture Media, Conditioned; Cystic Fibrosis; Humans; Kartagener Syndrome; Lung Neoplasms; Microbial Viability; Sputum; Tetracycline; Virulence Factors

Paraffin has been used as a liquid prosthesis for medical purposes, and is still the base material in some ointments. However, it sometimes causes foreign-body reaction resulting in paraffinoma. We present a case of paraffinoma in a 64-year-old woman, which occurred in the eyelid after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis. During surgery, a small perforation developed in the left lamina papyracea, and therefore tetracycline ointment gauze was inserted. Two days after discharge, her left eyelid became swollen. The result of an open biopsy was paraffinoma. Total resection of the tumor was performed, and at the time of writing there has been no recurrence for 1 year after surgery.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Endoscopy; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Foreign-Body Reaction; Humans; Middle Aged; Ointment Bases; Paranasal Sinuses; Petrolatum; Sinusitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Erythema Nodosum; Female; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Minocycline; Recurrence; Tetracycline

Trachoma, a major cause of blindness in some of the world's poorest countries, results from repeated or chronic eye infections with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Blindness; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Corneal Opacity; Developing Countries; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Global Health; Humans; Infant; Ophthalmic Solutions; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetracycline; Trachoma; World Health Organization

Topics: Aged; Biopsy, Needle; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Niacinamide; Pemphigoid, Bullous; Prednisolone; Prurigo; Pulmonary Eosinophilia; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Tetracycline; Treatment Failure

Over six months, 129 consecutive brucellosis cases were diagnosed in females attending the outpatients' clinics the females in Al-Azhar and Ain Shams Universities Hospitals. Their ages ranged between 12-65 years old. 113 (87.6%) gave history of raw milk consumption, 13 (10%) gave history of home slaughtering of sheep, 2 (1.5%) gave history of animal contact, and one patient gave history of abortion, that partner had brucellosis. A total of 61.2% of patients gave serum agglutination test of 1: 640, who suffered acute or subacute infection. Titers of 1:320 (38.8%) were found in the majority of chronic cases. Causes of endemic parasitosis were excluded. Symptoms were fever (79.5%), headache (72.4%), generalized arthralgia (65.3%), sweating (65.3%), chills (63.8%), backache (34.6%), abdominal pain (27.5%), loss of appetite (25.5%), lassitude (17.2%), myalgia (14.2%), monoarthralgia (7.9%). Spinal involvement was in 15% patients, who had chronic brucellosis. 32/35 were successfully treated with a combination of streptomycin and tetracycline, 17/21 with streptomycin and septrin, 38/43 with tetracycline and septrin, and 26/26 (100%) with rifampicin and tetracycline or septrin, which treated all resistant patients.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brucellosis; Child; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Egypt; Female; Fever; Humans; Middle Aged; Rifampin; Risk Factors; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Diarrhea is the gastrointestinal disease most frequently encountered in captive rhesus macaques. The precise pathogenic mechanisms underlying chronic diarrhea in nonhuman primates are not well understood, but a persistent inflammatory component has been implicated strongly. This study evaluated the inflammatory changes in the colon of macaques with diarrhea and assessed the efficacy of a 10-d course of tylosin in a cohort of 21 animals with chronic diarrhea. Stool quality was evaluated daily, and fecal consistency was scored. Colonoscopies were performed; biopsy samples were characterized histologically and assayed for expression of TNFalpha mRNA. Blood samples collected pre-, mid-, and post-treatment were assayed for C-reactive protein (CRP). The results indicated that 63% of the animals receiving tylosin showed improvement in stool quality, compared with 10% in the sham-treated group. Histologically, 82% of animals in the tylosin-treated group had a reduction in the severity of colonic lesions post-treatment, compared with 40% of animals in the sham group. The amount of TNFalpha mRNA before treatment did not differ from that afterward in either tylosin- or sham-treated animals. CRP levels serially decreased in tylosin-treated monkeys; the average post-treatment CRP value for tylosin-treated animals was 11.96 +/- 3.86 microg/ml compared with 26.48 +/- 4.86 microg/ml for sham-treated controls. In conclusion, tylosin significantly improved the fecal consistency score, significantly decreased colonic inflammation, and significantly decreased serum CRP levels post-treatment in rhesus macaques with chronic diarrhea.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; C-Reactive Protein; Chronic Disease; Colonoscopy; Cytokines; Diarrhea; Disease Models, Animal; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Feces; Gene Expression Regulation; Macaca mulatta; Metronidazole; Prednisone; Primate Diseases; RNA, Messenger; Tetracycline; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tylosin

Topics: Chronic Disease; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Middle Aged; Ocular Motility Disorders; Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blepharitis; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Tooth Discoloration

Helicobacter pylori is a major pathogen etiologically associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and primary gastric lymphoma. This study was conducted to investigate a possible association between Helicobacter pylori infection and blepharitis. Two hundred fifty consecutive patients with symptomatic blepharitis and 250 control subjects without blepharitis symptoms were evaluated. After exclusions, the blepharitis group consisted of 186 patients with blepharitis and a control group of 215 patients.. Blepharitis was diagnosed on the basis of findings in ophthalmic and dermatologic examinations. All patients underwent a 13C-urea breath test (UBT) to detect H. pylori infection, and impression cytology was performed before and after eradication therapy. The follow-up period was 4 months +/- 28 days.. The blepharitis group showed an H. pylori infection prevalence of approximately 76.3% (UBT-positive group with blepharitis: n = 142 patients), compared with 42.3% of the control group (UBT-positive group with blepharitis [although asymptomatic]: n = 66 patients; UBT-positive group without blepharitis: n = 25 patients). Furthermore, we observed blepharitis in 30.6% (n = 66 patients) of UBT-positive control subjects and 13.4% (n = 29 patients) of UBT-negative control subjects. Impression cytology revealed that blepharitis was more severe in UBT-positive patients than in negative ones, and a clinical improvement in blepharitis was noted in approximately 50% of patients after H. pylori eradication.. Even though possible sources of error in defining the association of two highly prevalent conditions must be considered, the data seem to validate an association between H. pylori infection and blepharitis, but may not be indicative of a causal association. Eradication of H. pylori improved ocular cytology results. It is possible that chronic blepharitis is an extradigestive manifestation of H. pylori infection.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blepharitis; Breath Tests; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Omeprazole; Prevalence; Tetracycline; Tinidazole

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of host-derived enzymes involved in the turnover of extracellular matrix molecules. We have previously reported enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases in Chlamydia muridarum urogenital tract infection of female mice. Kinetics and patterns of MMP expression as well as enhanced expression in susceptible strains of mice in the prior study implied a role for MMP in pathogenesis. To explore this further, we infected a susceptible strain of mice (C3H/HeN) with C. muridarum and treated two groups of mice with either one of two chemical inhibitors of MMP (MMPi; captopril and a chemically modified tetracycline) and reserved infected sham-treated mice as controls. Neither of the treatments affected shedding of viable chlamydiae from the lower urogenital tract, but the administration of either MMPi protected mice from the formation of hydrosalpinx-a surrogate marker of oviduct occlusion and infertility. Interestingly, the mechanism of protection for mice treated with chemically modified tetracycline 3, appeared to be related to prevention of ascending upper genital tract infection. These results imply that MMP are involved in pathogenesis of chlamydial infection in this model by mediating ascension of the infection into the upper genital tract.

Topics: Animals; Captopril; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia muridarum; Chronic Disease; Female; Female Urogenital Diseases; Hydroxamic Acids; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Oligopeptides; Tetracycline

In this retrospective investigation, we documented the bacterial colonization of 79 patients with chronic wounds, who had been treated between January 2002 and May 2003 in an outpatient wound healing clinic of a university dermatology program. We isolated 106 facultative pathogenic bacterial strains of which 56 were Staphylococcus aureus, 19 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 11 Escherichia coli, 4 Proteus mirabilis, 4 Enterobacter cloacae, 2 Serratia marcescens, 2 Streptococcus group G und 8 further species. 68 of these bacterial strains were gram-positive and 46 gram-negative. Moreover we identified one patient with Candida parapsilosis. Therefore, 70.8% of all patients showed Staphylococcus aureus in their chronic wounds. Determination of the specific resistances showed 17 patients to be colonized with oxacillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) strain; this corresponds to 21.5% of all patients. Consequently, 30.4% of all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were ORSA strains. All of the ORSA isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. Sensitivity to tetracycline was documented in 15, to amikacin in 13, to clindamycin in 7, to gentamicin and erythromycin in 6 of the ORSA-positive patients. In the case of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 10 were sensitive and 3 were intermediate in sensitivity. Beside the obligate resistance to oxacillin, penicillin G, ampicillin, cefuroxime and imipenem, none of the ORSA was sensitive to ofloxacin. The results of our investigations demonstrate the actual spectrum of bacterial colonization in chronic wounds of patients in an university dermatologic wound clinic and underline the growing problem of ORSA.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacteriological Techniques; Chronic Disease; Clindamycin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Erythromycin; Female; Foot Ulcer; Gentamicins; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Oxacillin; Penicillin Resistance; Pressure Ulcer; Radiodermatitis; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Skin Ulcer; Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Vancomycin; Vancomycin Resistance; Varicose Ulcer; Wound Infection

Topics: Adult; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Scaling; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Metronidazole; Minocycline; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Research Design; Root Planing; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Debridement; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Mandible; Mandibular Diseases; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Osteomyelitis; Staining and Labeling; Tetracycline; Ultraviolet Rays

The authors have found that several months of preoperative tetracycline administration will label living bone so that it fluoresces under a blacklight during surgery. This allows intraoperative differentiation of viable bone from necrotic sequestra, which require removal in the treatment of chronic bone infection.

Topics: Chronic Disease; Debridement; Fluorescence; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Osteomyelitis; Osteonecrosis; Preoperative Care; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tetracycline

Noninflammatory structural alterations, variously referred to as airway remodeling, are well documented in the asthmatic airway. However, the pathogenesis of these alterations, the importance of airway remodeling in generating the asthma phenotype, and the natural history of airway remodeling responses have not been adequately defined. Because exaggerated cytokine production is a characteristic feature of the asthmatic airway, we used constitutive and inducible overexpression transgenic systems to investigate the contributions that interleukin 11 (IL-11) and IL-13 might make to airway remodeling responses. These studies demonstrated that both cytokines produce responses in the murine airway with features similar to those in human asthmatic tissues. IL-11 caused airway fibrosis with the enhanced accumulation of interstitial collagens, myocytes, and myofibroblasts. IL-13 caused mucous metaplasia, enhanced mucin gene expression, enhanced tissue hyaluronic acid accumulation, and subepithelial fibrosis. Importantly, IL-11 was detected most readily in tissues from asthmatic subjects with severe airway remodeling that was similar to that seen in the IL-11 transgenic mice. In addition, IL-11 was shown to inhibit asthma-like inflammation while stimulating airway fibrosis. This suggests that IL-11 elaboration is, in part, an attempt at airway healing. Last, a novel triple transgenic system is described that allows transgene expression to be regulated in a true "on/off" manner. This system may be useful in defining the reversibility of transgene-induced airway remodeling responses.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Asthma; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-11; Interleukin-13; Lung; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Phenotype; RNA, Messenger; Tetracycline; Transcription, Genetic

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Borrelia burgdorferi; Ceftriaxone; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Humans; Lyme Disease; Tetracycline

The study on the sensitiveness of slow-growing anaerobes bacteria to antibiotics is delicate when you consider the technical motives that make it difficult to transpose the standard methods frequently used in microbiological laboratories. The three main methods used to determine susceptibility to antibiotics are: disk-diffusion test, antibiotics containing microdilution plates and ATB ANA (bioMérieux). The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of each of these methods on severe anaerobes bacteria isolated in sub-gingival flora of patients suffering from developing periodontitis (rapidly progressive periodontitis, refractory periodontitis, active stage of adult chronic periodontitis). The observed bacteria are: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, Peptostreptococcus micros. Antibiotics used are: ampicilline, amoxicilline, tetracycline, erythromycine, metronidazole. The comparison of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (M.I.C) of each of these methods has permitted to show a strict correlation in the results observed with these three methods, if only the growth of the severe anaerobes bacteria on agar medium does not exceed 72 hours.

Topics: Adult; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Campylobacter; Chronic Disease; Diffusion; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Erythromycin; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gingiva; Humans; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillins; Peptostreptococcus; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Time Factors

The aim of this study was to evaluate the primary and combined resistance of Helicobacter pylori against four antimicrobial agents by a screening agar method (SAM) and a modified disk diffusion method (MDDM) alone and in combination. Pre-treatment H. pylori isolates from 192 consecutive H. pylori-positive patients at three hospitals in Sofia were investigated. MDDM was performed with disks containing metronidazole (5 microg), clarithromycin (15 microg) or erythromycin (15 microg), ciprofloxacin (5 microg) and tetracycline (30 microg). Resistance was determined by an inhibitory zone of <16 mm for metronidazole and < or =30 mm for other agents tested. The cut-off concentrations used to define resistance by SAM were: metronidazole >8 mg/L, clarithromycin >2 mg/L, tetracycline >4 mg/L and ciprofloxacin >1 mg/L. Primary resistance rates in H. pylori were: metronidazole 28.6%, clarithromycin 9.7%, metronidazole + clarithromycin 2.8%, ciprofloxacin 3.9%, metronidazole + ciprofloxacin 2.3%, tetracycline 1.9% and metronidazole + tetracycline 1.2%. Among metronidazole-resistant isolates, combined resistance to clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was present in 11.4% (5 of 44 strains), 8.3% (3 of 36) and 4.9% (2 of 41), respectively. Two strains exhibited triple resistance to macrolides, metronidazole and either ciprofloxacin or tetracycline. Three tetracycline-resistant strains were detected in 1999; however, resistance rates to other agents were relatively stable during the 6 years. Primary H. pylori resistance to metronidazole is moderate and resistance to clarithromycin and to ciprofloxacin is considerable in comparison with results in most other countries. The alarming appearance of strains harbouring combined resistance or multiresistance provides the motivation for continued surveillance of H. pylori at global, national and regional levels.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bulgaria; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Clarithromycin; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Gastritis; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer; Stomach; Tetracycline

Antibiotic therapy with colbiocin of chronic purulent mesotympanitis achieved a response rate of 92%, recurrence-free interval reached 6 months in 84% of the treated patients. This allows to recommend colbiocin as a drug of choice in hospital and outpatient treatment of chronic purulent mesotympanitis.

Topics: Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Colistin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Otitis Media, Suppurative; Tetracycline

Mucosal changes have been well described in chronic sinusitis, yet little is known about the underlying bone, despite clinical and experimental evidence suggesting that bone may be involved in chronic sinusitis. Techniques of undecalcified bone analysis were used for detailed histologic examination of ethmoid bone in chronic sinusitis compared with controls. Bone synthesis, resorption, and inflammatory cell presence were specifically assessed. Additionally, histomorphometry techniques were used to determine ethmoid bone physiology in individuals undergoing surgery for chronic sinusitis. Overall, individuals undergoing surgery for chronic sinusitis were found to have evidence of marked acceleration in bone physiology with histologic changes including new bone formation, fibrosis, and presence of inflammatory cells. These findings are compared with osteomyelitis in long bone and the jaw. The suggestion that underlying bone may serve as a catalyst for chronic sinusitis is supported and implications for therapy are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Bone Remodeling; Bone Resorption; Chronic Disease; Coloring Agents; Demeclocycline; Edema; Endoscopy; Ethmoid Bone; Ethmoid Sinusitis; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Male; Mandibular Diseases; Mucous Membrane; Osteitis; Osteogenesis; Osteomyelitis; Prospective Studies; Rhinitis; Single-Blind Method; Tetracycline; Turbinates

The basic mechanisms underlying reactive arthritis and specifically the joint injury that follows intra-articular Chlamydia trachomatis infection have not been defined. The present study addresses this question through the development of an experimental model. Stable cell lines were generated from synoviocytes harvested from the knee joints of Lewis rats. The synoviocytes were cocultivated with C. trachomatis to allow invasion by the microbe and were then transferred by intra-articular injection into the knee joints of Lewis rats. The ensuing arthritis could be subdivided into an early phase (

Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Reactive; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Blotting, Western; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Injections, Intra-Articular; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Spleen; Synovial Membrane; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastroscopy; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antipruritics; Balanitis; Behavior, Animal; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlorpheniramine; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Self Mutilation; Tetracycline

Several liver diseases that are characterized by chronic steatosis lead to steatohepatitis lesions in some susceptible subjects. We tested the hypothesis that acute or chronic steatosis may lead to lipid peroxidation.. Diverse steatogenic treatments were administered to mice, and lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactants in the liver and the exhalation of ethane in breath.. Administration of ethanol (5 g/kg), tetracycline, chlortetracycline, demeclocycline (0.25 mmol/kg each), amineptine (1 mmol/kg), amiodarone (1 mmol/kg), pirprofen (2 mmol/kg), or valproate (2 mmol/kg) led to microvesicular steatosis of the liver and lipid peroxidation. After tetracycline administration, hepatic triglycerides reached a maximum at 24 h and then declined; ethane exhalation followed a similar time course. Microvesicular steatosis and lipid peroxidation were also observed after 4 days of treatment with either ethionine (0.02 mmol/kg daily) or dexamethasone (0.25 mmol/kg daily) or after 7 days of tetracycline (0.25 mmol/kg daily) administration. Administration of ethanol in the drinking water for 5.5 months led to macrovacuolar and microvesicular steatosis, lipid peroxidation, and a few necrotic hepatocytes.. We conclude that acute or chronic fat deposition due to a variety of compounds was associated with lipid peroxidation in mice. We suggest that the presence of oxidizable fat in the liver leads to peroxidation, and that chronic lipid peroxidation might represent the common (but not exclusive) mechanism for the possible development of steatohepatitis lesions in conditions characterized by chronic steatosis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Progression; Ethane; Ethanol; Fatty Liver; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Male; Mice; Tetracycline; Triglycerides

The eradication of Helicobacter pylori is becoming the therapy of choice for peptic ulcers, if the infection is present. Published data from primary care settings are, however, limited.. An open-ended, prospective study was undertaken that included 31 patients with active peptic ulcer demonstrated by endoscopy and H pylori infection confirmed by urease and histologic tests. After a 14-day period of treatment with omeprazole, bismuth, tetracycline, and metronidazole, healing and H pylori status were evaluated by repeat endoscopy done at least 28 days after the last treatment dose. Eradication is defined as absence of H pylori in at least four (two from the fundus and two from the antrum) samples taken from the gastric mucosa and a negative urease test. Drug side effects and patient compliance were monitored in all cases.. Twenty-eight patients completed the protocol. Healing was obtained in all cases, and eradication was accomplished in 25 (89%). Side effects were common (69%) but mild. Compliance was good. After a mean follow-up of 300 days (range, 180 to 400), one ulcer recurrence was observed in an H pylori-positive patient and none in H pylori-negative patients.. The treatment of H pylori infection is an effective way of healing peptic ulcers, and can be applied in primary care settings. Further studies with more patients and with shorter and easier therapies should be undertaken to confirm our findings.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscopy; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Family Practice; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Omeprazole; Organometallic Compounds; Peptic Ulcer; Prospective Studies; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Bacterial flora has resisted the conventional treatment in a segment of patients with adult periodontitis, creating an interest in adjunctive chemotherapeutic treatment modalities. Tetracycline hydrochloride periodontal fiber, a locally delivered antibiotic therapy, is indicated as an adjunct to scaling and root planing. This form of treatment has demonstrated a reduction in bleeding on probing and periodontal pocket depths. Clinicians have found the fiber placement technique challenging, and a considerable percentage of fibers become dislodged during the course of the 10-day treatment period. This article clarifies the treatment protocol and presents an alternative placement technique for tetracycline fiber. It simplifies the procedure for the clinician and aids in fiber retention. The learning objective of this article is to familiarize the reader with the technique and the materials utilized for site-specific tetracycline hydrochloride fiber therapy. A clinical case is used to illustrate the procedure.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Polyvinyls; Tetracycline

The use of antibiotic combinations to prevent acute and progressive chronic hepatitis and proliferative typhlitis associated with Helicobacter hepaticus infection in male scid/NCr mice was evaluated. The drug combinations used were amoxicillin-metronidazole-bismuth, tetracycline-metronidazole-bismuth, amoxicillin-neomycin, neomycin alone, and amoxicillin alone. Treatments were administered per os for 14 days beginning at 4 weeks of age. All mice remained clinically normal throughout the study. Specimens from mice were evaluated histologically at 21, 60, 90, and 120 days after initiation of the antibiotic treatments. Results of histologic examination and use of special stains indicated that the antibiotic regimens containing amoxicillin prevented progressive chronic hepatitis and typhlitis. Helical bacteria were not observed histologically in the liver or cecum of amoxicillin-treated mice. Helical bacteria were observed in the liver and cecum of untreated mice and in the cecum of mice treated with antibiotic regimens not containing amoxicillin. Untreated mice and those treated with amoxicillin were evaluated by culture for presence of H. hepaticus at 60 and 90 days and by polymerase chain reaction at 90 days after initiation of the antibiotic treatment. All untreated mice were test-positive by fecal/cecal culture, and three of five were positive by polymerase chain reaction. All mice treated with amoxicillin were negative for H. hepaticus by results of culture and polymerase chain reaction. The oral administration of amoxicillin to young scid mice via the drinking water prevents hepatitis and typhlitis caused by H. hepaticus.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Cecal Diseases; Cecum; Chronic Disease; Helicobacter; Helicobacter Infections; Hepatitis, Animal; Inflammation; Liver; Male; Metronidazole; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neomycin; Rodent Diseases; Tetracycline

Tetracycline in combination with scaling and root planing is frequently used to treat refractory periodontal disease. This study examined tetracycline resistance in bacteria recovered from periodontal pockets of patients with refractory periodontitis. Bacterial isolates resistant to 10 micrograms/ml of tetracycline were isolated from plaque samples of 17 patients, of whom 6 had received tetracycline within 8 weeks prior to sampling. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of tetracycline and minocycline were determined by agar dilution. In the 6 patients who had received tetracycline, a mean of 22.9% (+/- 38.2) of the total cultivable subgingival flora were resistant to tetracycline, compared with a mean of 7.2% (+/- 8.5) in the untreated group. Although various organisms were isolated, in most patients, the tetracycline-resistant organisms were dominated by Streptococcus spp. Overgrowth of Candida was found in one patient, and of Enterobacteriaceae in another patient, while small numbers of yeast or Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from the plaque samples of 9 others. 3 out of 4 patients who did not respond to tetracycline treatment had a variety of tetracycline-resistant anaerobic Gram-negative rods present. No correlation was found between increased proportions of tetracycline resistance in the whole bacterial sample and the presence of resistant periodontal pathogens.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Plaque; Enterobacteriaceae; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Streptococcus; Tetracycline; Tetracycline Resistance

Helicobacter pylori causes chronic (type B) gastritis. The 'intestinal' form of gastric cancer arises against a background of chronic gastritis, and prospective epidemiological studies have shown that H pylori is a major risk factor for this. An increase in mucosal cell proliferation increases the likelihood of a neoplastic clone of epithelial cells emerging where there is chronic epithelial cell injury associated with H pylori gastritis. In vitro bromodeoxyuridine labelling of endoscopic antral biopsy specimens was used to measure mucosal cell proliferation in H pylori associated gastritis before and after therapy for H pylori triple infection. Cell proliferation was increased in H pylori associated gastritis patients compared with normal controls and patients with H pylori negative chronic gastritis (p = 0.0001; Tukey's Studentised range). There was no difference in antral epithelial cell proliferation between duodenal ulcer and non-ulcer subjects infected with H pylori (p = 0.62; Student's t test). Antral mucosal cell proliferation fell four weeks after completing triple therapy, irrespective of whether or not H pylori had been eradicated (p = 0.0001). At retesting six to 18 months later (mean = 12 months), however, those in whom H pylori had not been successfully eradicated showed increased mucosal proliferation compared with both H pylori negative subjects at a similar follow up interval and all cases (whether H pylori positive or negative) four weeks after completion of triple therapy (p = 0.024). These findings suggest that H pylori infection causes increased gastric cell proliferation and in this way may play a part in gastric carcinogenesis.

Topics: Adult; Cell Division; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Metronidazole; Organometallic Compounds; Tetracycline

Chronic recurrent parotitis (CRP) is recurrent parotid inflammation with non-obstructive sialectasis. Therapies which produce acinar atrophy or remove the acini are effective in treating CRP. Parotidectomy, tympanic neurectomy, duct ligation, and radiation therapy have either a low success rate or a high risk of morbidity. Intraductal antibiotic instillation has been proposed as a possible method of treatment. We hypothesized that the cytotoxic effects of tetracycline could produce acinar atrophy. A double-blind experiment of intraductal tetracycline instillation was performed in ten rabbits. Acinar atrophy and acute inflammation were found in 40% of the tetracycline treated glands; controls had a complete absence of these histologic changes. These results support the use of tetracycline instillation to produce acinar atrophy and therefore, intraductal tetracycline may be an effective, low-risk therapy for CRP. The clinical features of CRP will be reviewed and therapeutic implications discussed.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Parotitis; Photomicrography; Rabbits; Recurrence; Salivary Glands; Sialography; Tetracycline

A 43-year-old man with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is presented. He had undergone two laparotomies in an attempt to eliminate the cause of repeated episodes suggestive of obstruction. Gastrointestinal manometry showed severe abnormalities compatible with the diagnosis of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Laboratory tests indicated the presence of intestinal malabsorption and villous atrophy. A gluten-free diet accompanied by 10 days of treatment with tetracycline and 2 short periods of treatment with cisapride led to gradual, but apparently complete, resolution of the pseudo-obstructive syndrome. Repeated manometric studies showed progressive normalization of both the fasting and postprandial upper gastrointestinal motor pattern.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Cisapride; Fasting; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction; Male; Manometry; Piperidines; Tetracycline

Chlamydia pneumoniae is emerging as a significant cause of respiratory disease, including pneumonia and bronchitis, in humans. In this recently completed study of infection due to C. pneumoniae in patients presenting with pneumonia to SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn, we identified two individuals for whom cultures were positive on multiple occasions over a 1-year period. To determine the frequency of persistent respiratory infection with C. pneumoniae, follow-up specimens were obtained from nine individuals with culture-documented C. pneumoniae infection. Five of these individuals had persistent infection: four had a flulike illness characterized by pharyngitis, and one had bronchitis with prominent bronchospasm. All five individuals appeared to have acute C. pneumoniae infection as determined by results of serologic tests (titers of IgM antibody for all individuals were greater than or equal to 1:16). For three patients, cultures remained positive for 11 months despite therapy with 10- to 21-day courses of tetracycline or doxycycline. These observations suggest that persistent infection with C. pneumoniae may follow acute infection and may persist for many months. Infection with C. pneumoniae may be very difficult to eradicate with use of currently available antibiotics even if there is a clinical response to therapy.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydophila pneumoniae; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Tetracycline

This study investigated the effects of root planing and/or the placement of acrylic strips containing chlorhexidine, metronidazole or tetracycline on the composition and antimicrobial susceptibility of the subgingival flora in chronic periodontitis. 101 periodontal pockets from 73 patients were entered into 6 treatment groups which were, chlorhexidine, metronidazole or tetracycline strips, root planing, root planing followed by metronidazole strips and a control, no treatment group. Total anaerobic counts and anaerobe/aerobe ratios were estimated from samples taken before treatment and 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment. In addition, a more detailed analysis of the effects of the treatments on the subgingival flora was carried out on 12 pockets in 12 patients. Tetracycline strips, metronidazole strips and root planing and metronidazole strips were more effective than chlorhexidine strips in causing reductions in total anaerobic count and anaerobe/aerobe ratio. However, the changes in microbial parameters rebounded to approach baseline levels 4 weeks after treatment. Chlorhexidine caused no detectable changes in the composition of the subgingival microflora, while metronidazole had a variable effect. Tetracycline appeared to effect major shifts in the composition of the microflora of treated pockets but caused a marked selection of tetracycline-resistant organisms.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Adult; Bacteria; Bacteria, Aerobic; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Colony Count, Microbial; Combined Modality Therapy; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Implants; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Humans; Metronidazole; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Root Planing; Tetracycline

Tetracycline administered in low doses can be effective in the long-term management of patients with meibomian keratoconjunctivitis (MKC). However, the mechanism of action does not appear to be a reduction of bacteria. Seventy-five percent of the ocular staphylococci in such patients are resistant to tetracycline. An alternative mechanism of action could be the inhibition of production of extracellular enzymes by the ocular flora. Inhibition of lipase production could result in lowered levels of toxic hydrolysis products (free fatty acids), which may exacerbate the disease process. The authors tested this hypothesis by examining the differential effect of tetracycline on growth and lipase production in a tetracycline-resistant and tetracycline-sensitive strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus isolated from patients with MKC and Staphylococcal blepharitis. Tetracycline caused significant decreases in the production of lipase in the sensitive and resistant strains of S. epidermidis without concominant decreases in growth. In contrast, S. aureus strains showed parallel decreases in both lipase production and inhibition of growth. The authors propose that the sensitivity of lipase production to tetracycline, in tetracycline-resistant S. epidermidis, may partially explain the clinical improvement observed in MKC patients.

Topics: Blepharitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Keratoconjunctivitis; Lipase; Meibomian Glands; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Tetracycline; Tetracycline Resistance

Evidence to date has demonstrated the potential value of acrylic strips to deliver antimicrobial compounds into periodontal pockets. The present study was designed to evaluate further the therapeutic effect of antimicrobial acrylic strips in the management of chronic periodontitis. A total of 101 pockets in 69 patients were randomly treated with (1) chlorhexidine strips, (2) metronidazole strips, (3) tetracycline strips, (4) root planing, and (5) combined root planing and metronidazole strips. Immediately before and after treatment clinical measurements of disease were recorded over a three-month period. For all treatment groups significant improvements in clinical parameters were seen compared to control untreated sites but the most effective treatment was combined root planing and metronidazole and the least effective chlorhexidine. Although not significant, combined root planing and metronidazole also appeared to produce some adjunctive effects on clinical parameters compared to root planing alone. Antimicrobial acrylic strips appear useful treatments for chronic periodontitis, but should be used primarily as an adjunct to conventional root planing.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Adult; Bacterial Infections; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Periodontal Pocket; Root Planing; Tetracycline

In 58 patients with chronic conjunctivitis of greater than two weeks' duration, examination included obtaining an ocular and general medical history and performing a complete ophthalmic examination of the external eye. Conjunctival smears were obtained for Gram and Giemsa staining, direct immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody staining for Chlamydia trachomatis and herpes simplex virus, and chlamydial culture. Cultures for bacteria and viruses were obtained in 33 patients. The cause of the chronic conjunctivitis based on clinical and laboratory criteria was established in 40 of 58 (69%) patients: chlamydia, 11 (19%); virus, eight (14%); irritant, six (10%); allergen, four (7%); contact lens, four (7%); bacteria, four (7%); acne rosacea, two (3%); and floppy eyelid syndrome, one (2%). In 18 of 58 (31%) patients, no specific cause was detected. We recommend a systematic approach in the investigation of chronic conjunctivitis. Direct immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody staining is an effective and rapid technique for detecting chronic chlamydial conjunctivitis.

Topics: Adult; Allergens; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Chronic Disease; Conjunctivitis; Contact Lenses; Cromolyn Sodium; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Fluorometholone; Humans; Keratitis, Dendritic; Male; Prospective Studies; Simplexvirus; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Tetracycline

Refractory chronic periodontitis of 16 patients was treated by root planing and adjunctive tetracycline hydrochloride therapy. The antibiotic was taken orally one hour before root planing and continued for six days at a dosage of 250 mg six hourly. The clinical data for each patient were recorded as the number of probing depths in each of the 1-3 mm, 4-6 mm and 7-10 mm ranges. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) procedure for repeated measurements was used to analyse the data. The results demonstrated that the number of sites with probing depths of 4-6 mm and 7-10 mm associated with incisors, canines, premolars and molars decreased with a corresponding increase in the number of sites in the 1-3 mm range. Incisor and canine teeth showed a better response to treatment than premolars, which responded better than molars. The cases were followed for varying periods of time from six months to two years following antibiotic therapy. The probing depth reduction achieved following root planing and tetracycline hydrochloride therapy was maintained during this review period.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Chronic Disease; Female; Gingival Recession; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Subgingival Curettage; Tetracycline; Tooth Root

A 47 year old woman presented with a six month history of vasculitic rash, splenomegaly, and cardiac murmurs. Investigations showed the presence of mixed cryoglobulinaemia and raised titres to Coxiella burnetii consistent with chronic Q fever infection. The patient was treated with tetracycline (1 g four times a day).

Topics: Chronic Disease; Cryoglobulinemia; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Q Fever; Tetracycline

We report on clinical and laboratory findings of 28 patients with tick-bite Borrelia burgdorferi-infection. In 5 cases chronic tertiary metaluetic manifestations were recognized. All were treated either with high-dose penicillin intravenously or tetracycline. Results of treatment and recommendations are given.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Animals; Bites and Stings; Borrelia Infections; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nervous System Diseases; Penicillin G; Tetracycline; Ticks

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Chronic Disease; Coxiella; Humans; Q Fever; Tetracycline; Zoonoses

Chronic bronchitis is characterized by chronic, productive cough present on most days for at least three months of the year. Differential diagnosis must exclude an endobronchial obstructive lesion, asthma, nocturnal aspiration, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and immotile cilia syndrome. The most characteristic finding in patients with chronic bronchitis is hypertrophy of the mucous glands and goblet cells.

Topics: Alcoholism; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Animals; Bronchitis; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Humans; Ipratropium; Klebsiella Infections; Metaproterenol; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Chronic prostatitis is a common disorder sometimes caused by bacterial infection of the prostate. Documentation of such infection requires quantitative culture of carefully collected sequential urine and prostatic fluid specimens (bacterial localization cultures). However, culture of the midstream urine and prostatic fluid alone usually is sufficient to rule out this diagnostic possibility. A practical strategy for the bacteriologic investigation of chronic prostatitis that combines each of these maneuvers--midstream urine and prostatic fluid culture first, then subsequent bacterial localization cultures if pathogenic bacteria are isolated from the initial cultures--is outlined.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Bacterial Infections; Bacteriological Techniques; Bacteriuria; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatitis; Specimen Handling; Tetracycline

Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 animals received tetracycline solution (0.1% during week 1 and 0.01% thereafter) as drinking water, as in previous studies. Group 2 animals received double-distilled demineralized water. Animals in both groups were inoculated orally with an equal number of viable, mucosally pathogenic Candida albicans organisms. After 20 weeks, inspection of the tongues showed gross lesions in 16 of the 20 animals in group 1 and 17 of the 20 in group 2. These lesions were confirmed histologically. No significant difference in the number of lesions was noted between the two groups. However, the lesions in group 1 animals were significantly larger than those in group 2 animals. These results suggest that, given this mucosally pathogenic strain of C. albicans, the establishment of a chronic infection of the rat tongue is apparently not influenced by tetracycline-treated drinking water as administered in this study. This suggests that antibiotic exposure is not an essential factor in the pathogenesis of this lesion. A larger lesion area, however, does appear to be related to the use of tetracycline solution as drinking water.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Candidiasis, Oral; Chronic Disease; Disease Susceptibility; Female; Mouth Mucosa; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetracycline; Tongue

Topics: Chronic Disease; Coxiella; Humans; Q Fever; Tetracycline

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Tetracycline

An 83-year-old male presented with chronic diarrhea and protein malnutrition associated with Plesiomonas shigelloides overgrowth in the small intestine. This overgrowth was related to achlorhydria and small-bowel diverticula. Tests for heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxin were negative on the P. shigelloides isolated from both the small bowel aspirate (3 x 10(8) bacteria per ml) and the patient's stool. The patient responded satisfactorily to tetracycline, to which this unusual isolate was susceptible in vitro. The ability to correctly identify and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of P. shigelloides in the setting of small-bowel overgrowth will help determine appropriate therapy.

Topics: Achlorhydria; Aged; Chronic Disease; Diarrhea; Diverticulum; Feces; Humans; Intestine, Small; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Protein Deficiency; Tetracycline; Vibrionaceae

Plasma copper and zinc in 20 ewes, healthy or infected with chronic postpartum metritis or mastitis, have been determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Plasma protein profile was measured by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate plates, and albumin and ceruloplasmin were determined colorimetrically. For the ten initial days, plasma copper and ceruloplasmin increased in plasma zinc decreased in spite of a daily drenching of 200 mg Zn/ewe (as sulfate). Fibrinogen and IgG2 increased and albumin decreased slightly indicating an infectious process. After a five day period of intramuscular injection with chloramphenicol, tetracycline and prednisolone, plasma zinc increased but copper remained unchanged. It may be concluded that hypozincemia should not be attributed to a zinc deficiency without any information on biochemical parameters specific for inflammation of infection. An inflammatory hypozincemia is not affected by a zinc treatment even at a high level.

Topics: Animals; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Copper; Diet; Endometritis; Female; Mastitis; Prednisolone; Pregnancy; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Tetracycline; Zinc

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Carrier State; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Culture Media; Dysentery, Bacillary; Feces; Humans; Shigella; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Eight patients with chronic Q fever endocarditis were treated with tetracycline for up to 40 months. In addition, five of these patients received co-trimoxazole. Six patients had prosthetic valves. Two patients who had Q fever endocarditis on their native valves required valve replacement because of haemodynamic difficulties: in only one did the Q fever endocarditis contribute to the haemodynamic difficulty. One patient died. It is suggested that medical treatment is continued until clinically and haematologically there is no evidence of endocarditis and the Q fever phase 1 antibody titre is less than 200. No recurrence of Q fever endocarditis has been detected in three of our patients who have now stopped treatment.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Bacterial; Chronic Disease; Coxiella; Drug Combinations; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Q Fever; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

We studied 187 men with symptoms and signs of chronic prostatitis or prostatosis and 108 healthy controls. Ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated from 103 (55.1 per cent) of the patients and from 24 (22.2 per cent) of the controls. When quantitative culture of Ureaplasma urealyticum is considered a typical histogram of prostatitis was evident in 36 patients (19.3 per cent) using the Stamey localization technique. In 20 of the 36 patients the etiology was uncertain for various reasons. Evidence was provided that Ureaplasma urealyticum could be considered as the etiologic agent of the disease in at least 16 (8.6 per cent) of the 187 patients with chronic prostatitis studied.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoplasmatales Infections; Prostatitis; Semen; Tetracycline; Ureaplasma; Urethritis

The effects of numerous drugs and drug metabolites on the liver cleansing system are reviewed. Topics covered include metabolite-related drug toxicity, drug hypersensitivity, chronic liver disease, and hepatic tumors and oral contraceptives (OCs). Currently available evidence implicating OCs in the pathogenesis of hepatic tumors is large but inconclusive. However, both benign and malignant hepatic tumors have been encountered in women taking OCs, inviting further speculation that in some patients malignant transformation may occur. In a study covering 1937-1976, only 400 cases of hepatic cell adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia were reported in patients, not taking OCs, but more than 200 cases have been reported in women taking OCs in the past 3 years. This may, however, present a biased view in favor of reporting contraceptive-associated tumors. An 8-year prospective study in Great Britain has so far not revealed tumors either in women receiving these agents or in any of their control groups. Studies with animals have been inconclusive so far; norethynodrel with mestranol (Enovid) failed to increase the incidence of hepatic tumors in susceptible mice, though a number of C17 alpha alkyl derivatives of testosterone will increase the expected frequency of hepatic tumors in susceptible mice. The reported regression of benign hepatic tumors on withdrawal of therapy and recurrences of tumors after primary resection in patients who continued to use such agents support the etiological role of OCs. However, more accurate statistics, which can only be obtained by large regional or national registries of hepatic tumors, are essential before this problem can be adequately evaluated.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Chronic Disease; Contraceptives, Oral; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Halothane; Humans; Isoniazid; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Methotrexate; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Iontophoresis; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Procaine; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Dental Prophylaxis; Dental Scaling; Female; Gingiva; Humans; Male; Oral Hygiene; Periodontitis; Tetracycline

Described is a case of chronic staphylococcal stomatitis, apparently precipitated by toothbrushing, which persisted for almost 6 months. The implicated organism, Staphylococcus aureus, was resistant to penicillin and tetracycline but sensitive to erythromycin. Recovery finally occurred after antibiotic therapy combined with surgical excision of some small persistent ulcers. Ther sera from a paired set of blood specimens failed to show a significant agglutinating titer, but the samples of saliva collected at the same times gave evidence of specific secretory Iga and showed relatively high agglutinating titer.

Topics: Adult; Agglutination Tests; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Stomatitis; Tetracycline; Toothbrushing

After 3 control days, the tetracycline concentration in the sputum of 34 patients was measured daily on 7 days during treatment with the antibiotic. 14 patients took tetracycline (Hostacyclin) in normal doses (2X500 mg or 2X1000 mg) by mouth. 20 patients received rolitetracycline (Reverin) 2X275 mg i.v. daily. With considerable individual fluctuations, sputum concentrations were attained in all series ranging from 1.5 to 2.0 microgram/ml after intravenous administration and from 1.1 to 1.6 microgram/ml after oral dosage. The higher dosage administered orally had no greater influence on the sputum concentration. In each case, sputum levels were attained which lie above the necessary minimum concentrations (0.5 microgram/ml).

Topics: Administration, Oral; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Rolitetracycline; Sputum; Tetracycline

Sixteen cases of chronic Q fever are described. In eight there was a history of exposure to infection from farms or farm products. All had valvular heart disease, involving the mitral valve in nine and the aortic valve in seven. Infection occurred on a prosthetic valve in two patients. Arterial embolism was common. Venous thrombosis occured in three patients, and pulmonary embolism occurred in three other patients. Complement fixing antibodies to phase 1 antigen were found in a titre of 1:200 or greater in all except two patients. In one of these post-mortem examination revealed rickettsial bodies in mitral valve vegetations, and in the other Coxiella burneti was isolated from heart valve tissue. The majority presented with infective endocarditis but two presented primarily with liver disease. All patients had evidence of liver involvement and in one this led to death from cirrhosis. Abnormal tests of liver function, particularly hyperglobulinaemia, raised alkaline phsophatase and abnormal bromsulphthalein retention were found in all patients. Hepatic histology was abnormal in all eight patients in whom it was studied. The commonest features were mononuclear cell infiltration of the portal tracts and prominence of the sinusoidal Kupffer cells. Patchy focal necrosis of parenchymal cells, granulomata, fatty change, and eosinophilia of the sinusoidal walls were also noted in several patients and cirrhosis developed in one. Six patients had a purpuric rash, and in 12 there was thrombocytopenia. It is suggested that the presence of hepatomegaly and liver involvement and thrombocytopenia may help to differentiate Q fever endocarditis from bacterial endocarditis. Raised serum IgM and IgA levels occured frequently, but with only a moderate dominance of IgM. Sheep cell agglutination and latex fixation tests for rheumatoid factor were occasionally positive. Several features of the disease suggest the possibility that immune-complex mechanisms may play a role in chronic Q fever. Treatment was with prolonged courses of tetracycline usually combined with lincomycin. Seven patients underwent valve replacement surgery for haemodynamic reasons. Five patients died; two from heart failure, one from cirrhosis, one seven days after valve replacement and one from intraperitoneal haemorrhage following percutaneous liver biopsy. Three patients have survived for more than five years, and another six for more than three and a half years after diagnosis. Of these nine patients, th

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Endocarditis; Female; Heart Valve Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Hypergammaglobulinemia; Lincomycin; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Q Fever; Tetracycline; Thrombocytopenia

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brucellosis; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Drug Combinations; Gentamicins; Humans; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Tetracycline

A positive microbiological evidence could be obtained 54 times from the smear of the exterior genitals of 80 women suffering from complaints that were caused by urethritis, criteria of the examinations being sterile catheter specimen, negative cystoscopical findings, and missing indications to anatomical changes in the urethral region. Cytological examinations of these cases with regard to the vaginal epithelium had the following results:Group I:6 times; group II: 37 times; group IIW:8 times; group IIId: once; group IVa:twice. The cytological tests were carried out according to the method of papanicolaou as modified by Soost. Furthermore, we could state the following degrees of purity: Degree I: 8 times; degree II:16 times; degree III: 30 times. The cytological examinations of the urethral epithelium demonstrated, in 52 cases, an increased appearance of "nude" completely exposed epithelial cell nuclei--a fact corresponding to a degenerative autolysis (according to Wied). In the 26 women with missing atypical germ flora within the region of the exterior genitals, exclusively groups I (according to Papanicolaou and Soost) and degrees of purity I were stated. These persons also demonstrated remarkably grave psychical disturbances, especially in the intimate regions. In the cases of positive microbiological evidence, the following measures have proved satisfactory: Vaginal hygienization combined with a directly aimed antibacterial therapy, and the prescription of preparations containing lactic acid. A transitory discontinuation of contraceptives is being discussed. Our examination results are emphasizing the necessity of an analysis of the germ flora in cases of complaints arising from urethritis. Also psychical disturbances must be taken into consideration in cases of missing urological and gynaecological criteria of evidence.

Topics: Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Cervix Uteri; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Mycoplasma Infections; Nystatin; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Tetracycline; Trichomonas Vaginitis; Urethra; Urethritis; Vagina; Vaginal Diseases

Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lymecycline; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

After the administration of minocycline, doxycyline and tetracycline in recommended therapeutic doses to 11, 10 and 12 patients respectively, sputum levels of these antibiotics were determined. Only 20% of patients given doxcycline had a satisfactory sputum level and in the remainder levels were either low or absent. For patients receiving tetracycline and minocycline, 67% and 64% respectively had satisfactory sputum levels. Patients selected for this study had a history of chronic bronchitis and were producing copious amounts of purulent sputum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of these three antibiotics were similar for 25 freshly isolated strains of Haemophilus influenzae, with minocycline being the most inhibitory and doxcycline the least inhibitory.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Minocycline; Sputum; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Good therapeutic results free of unwanted side-effects were observed in the management of acute and chronic non-tubercular bronchopneumopathies with an association of tetracyclin hydrochloride, proteolytic enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin), vanillic acid diethylamide and pyridophyllin.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Lung Abscess; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Trypsin

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Female; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Smoking; Tetracycline; United Kingdom

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Clindamycin; Drug Evaluation; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin Resistance; Streptococcus; Sulfamethazine; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

19 Following the inoculation of tissue culture cells with material obtained from 3 human eyes suffering from sympathetic ophthalmia (2 sympathizing = sy-l, 1 sympathized = sy-2), no growth of bacteria was observed. On the other hand, changes occurred such as are typical for a massive infection with mycoplasmas. The morphology of these microbes corresponds, down to the details, with micro-organisms which the author has frequently demonstrated and illustrated since 1948 in human, chicken and monkey eyes suffering from sympathetic ophthalmia. 2. With the cultures of mycoplasmas obtained from the eyes of human patients suffering from sympathetic ophthalmia, it was possible to produce the same symptoms in chickens as were described by the author in 1950 in sympathizing and sympathized human eyes, namely: torpid uveitis and papillitis, which dragged on for months, and affected not only the inoculated right eye, but also, after 3 weeks and more, the untouched left eye. 3. Identical phenomena involving both eyes have been observed in chickens, the right eyes of which were inoculated with a strain of mycoplasma hominis orale 1 cultivated from other material in the Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie der Universität Mainz (Prof. Bredt) and given to the author. A chronic intraocular inflammation, which persisted for several months--up to 6 months and more--developed not only in the inoculated right eye of the animals, but also, after an interval of several weeks, in the untouched left eye. 4. Viewed critically and with due care, these findings suggest that mycoplasmas might well play a role in triggering off sympathetic ophthalmia. 5. The results reported on here indicate that intraocular inoculation with mycoplasmas is of importance both in microbiology and in general medicine.

Topics: Animals; Bacteriological Techniques; Chickens; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Culture Techniques; Eye Injuries; Humans; Kanamycin; Lincomycin; Male; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Ophthalmia, Sympathetic; Tetracycline; Uveitis; Uveitis, Anterior

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Bronchial Diseases; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Acute Disease; Aminophylline; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Coagulation; Body Temperature; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Furosemide; Heparin; Humans; Nikethamide; Nystatin; Oleandomycin; Penicillins; Peptide Hydrolases; Physical Therapy Modalities; Plasma Substitutes; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Streptomycin; Strophanthins; Sulfadimethoxine; Sulfanilamides; Tetracycline; Vitamins

Topics: Brucellosis; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Recurrence; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Bacteriological details are given of a patient with chronic purulent bronchitis, who was being followed up during a survey of relapse in chronic bronchitis. A strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype 10, was isolated from the sputum over a period of six months, followed by a type 47A strain and later a type 28 strain. The patient was receiving prophylactic treatment with tetracycline throughout. The type 10 strain was sensitive to tetracycline in vitro by both the disc diffusion and doubling dilution sensitivity tests and mice infected with this strain were protected by tetracycline. In contrast, both the type 47A and type 28 strains were sensitive by the disc diffusion technique, but showed a low degree of tetracycline resistance by the doubling dilution method; mice infected with both these strains were not protected by tetracycline.

Topics: Animals; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Humans; Male; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Sputum; Streptococcus; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gonorrhea; Humans; Immunotherapy; Male; Middle Aged; Oleandomycin; Pyrogens; Tetracycline; Trichomonas Infections

The functional state of the testis due to the effect of antibacterial therapy was studied in 50 patients suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases of the urinary-genital system and treated with neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, furadonin and furagin. It was shown that the above nitrofurans and neomycin had a negative effect on the testis function lowering the number of the spermatozoa in 1 ml and the whole ejaculate and their mobility. Contrary to it tetracycline therapy had no significant effect on the spermatozoa number, while the use of streptomycin was accompanied by a certain tendency to an increase in their number. The data were to some extent in certain accordance with the results of the experimental studies.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Depression, Chemical; Humans; Hydantoins; Male; Middle Aged; Neomycin; Nitrofurans; Nitrofurantoin; Prostatitis; Sperm Motility; Spermatogenesis; Spermatozoa; Streptomycin; Testis; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Urethritis

The relative concentration of 99mTc(Sn)-tetracycline in infarcted myocardium was determined as a function of time after coronary artery occlusion in mongrel dogs. The concentration ratio (infarct-to-normal myocardium) was highest within the first 2 days after occlusion (6.7 +/- 0.5 at 1 day and 8.0 +/- 1.6 at 2 days). By 1 week after occlusion the ratio had fallen to 1.9 +/- 0.2. In the region of infarction, the concentration of 99mTc(Sn)-tetracycline was homogeneously distributed across the inner three-quraters of the myocardial wall; the outer quarter of the wall had substantially lower concentrations during the first 5 days after infarction. The present study confirms the observation suggested in initial investigations in man that scintigraphy performed with 99mTc(Sn)-tetracycline will distinguish between acute and chronic myocardial infarctions.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Myocardial Infarction; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Tin

Serum and sputum levels of minocycline, doxycycline and tetracycline were determined in patients with chronic bronchitis who were producing copious amounts of purulent sputum. Antibiotic estimations were carried out by the plate agar diffusion method using the Oxford staphylococcus. A close correlation was obtained between the sputum and the average serum levels for patients receiving tetracycline. Values obtained for minocycline showed a poor correlation between serum and sputum. A correlation between serum and sputum levels of doxycycline could not be established due to the low levels present in sputum. Our results indicate that while adequate serum levels of tetracycline reflect the attainment of theapeutic concentrations in bronchial secretions; the same predictions cannot be made for minocycline or doxycycline.

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Humans; Minocycline; Sputum; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

The effect of intramuscular chimotripsin on the levels of methicillin and tetracycline administered respectively intramuscularly and orally was studied in patients with chronic pneumonia and in experimental rats. It was found that the dose of chimotripsin providing higher methicillin blood levels was many times lower than the enzyme doses providing analogous indices for the blood serum and organs of the rats. When the patients were treated with tetracycline and chimotripsin, increased blood levels of the antibiotic were observed. Administration of chimotripsin to the rats had no effect on tetracycline pharmacokinetics in the animals.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biological Availability; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Interactions; Humans; Kinetics; Methicillin; Pneumonia; Rats; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Chronic Disease; Colonic Diseases; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dysentery, Amebic; Humans; Metronidazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Clindamycin; Humans; Lincomycin; Penicillins; Sinusitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Blood Cell Count; Blood Sedimentation; Chronic Disease; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Ehrlichia; gamma-Globulins; Recurrence; Rickettsiaceae Infections; Sepsis; Tetracycline

Topics: Aerosols; Asthma; Bronchitis; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Long-Term Care; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Oleandomycin; Pyelonephritis; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Topics: Adult; Aminosalicylic Acids; Blister; Carcinoma; Chronic Disease; Cough; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Isoniazid; Lung; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radiography; Smoking; Spirometry; Sputum; Streptomycin; Syncope; Tetracycline; Tomography

Topics: Chronic Disease; Cyanosis; Humans; Inflammation; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic; Penicillins; Pneumoconiosis; Smoking; Syndrome; Tetracycline; Tomography, X-Ray; Vasopressins

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Sedimentation; Cholangitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Cephalexin; Child; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Nitrofurantoin; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Immunotherapy; Middle Aged; Oleandomycin; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Prodigiosin; Tetracycline; Trichomonas Infections; Urethritis; Uterine Cervicitis

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibody Formation; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythromycin; Genetics, Microbial; Humans; Isoxazoles; Methicillin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oleandomycin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Recurrence; Sepsis; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kidney; Liver; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Sputum; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Bronchitis; Carbenicillin; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Drug Synergism; Escherichia coli Infections; Gentamicins; Humans; Penicillin G; Pseudomonas Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Sulfonamides; Syndrome; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Nalidixic Acid; Penicillin Resistance; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Virulence

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Colitis; Dysentery; Enteritis; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Escherichia coli Infections; Feces; Humans; Infant; Lactobacillaceae; Mice; Salmonella Infections; Seasons; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Antiprotozoal Agents; Biopsy; Chloroquine; Chronic Disease; Coccidiosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Diet Therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Duodenum; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Intestine, Small; Isospora; Jejunum; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Metronidazole; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Nitrofurantoin; Primaquine; Pyrimethamine; Quinacrine; Sulfadiazine; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Tetracycline; Urea

Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Bacterial Infections; Brain; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Chronic Disease; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Male; Meninges; Meningitis; Penicillins; Prednisone; Propionibacterium; Sepsis; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Airway Resistance; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Long-Term Care; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Complement Fixation Tests; Female; Gingivitis; Gonorrhea; Homosexuality; Humans; Male; Neisseria; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Neisseria meningitidis; Paraphilic Disorders; Penicillin G Procaine; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Spectinomycin; Tetracycline; Tonsillitis

Topics: Child; Chronic Disease; Health Resorts; Humans; Penicillin G Benzathine; Physical Therapy Modalities; Pneumonia; Russia; Tetracycline

Topics: Abscess; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Chronic Disease; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Granuloma; Humans; Knee; Male; Methylamines; Serratia marcescens; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Aluminum Hydroxide; Chronic Disease; Gastritis; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Lipase; Pancreatitis; Pepsin A; Peptic Ulcer; Silver Nitrate; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Enterobacter; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Male; Methacycline; Middle Aged; Proteus vulgaris; Sputum; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Brain Diseases; Catheterization; Chronic Disease; Diet Therapy; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Circulation; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Function Tests; Neomycin; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Portal Vein; Radiography; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Cephaloridine; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Humans; Penicillin G; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Blood Urea Nitrogen; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Tetracycline

Ampicillin and tetracycline, in doses of 2 g a day, were compared in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Seventy-nine patients were followed for 3 to 29 months and were treated for 118 exacerbations. Clinical improvement occurred after 10 days of treatment with either drug in over 80% of the cases. Haemophilus influenzae and Diplococcus pneumoniae were eradicated from the sputum more than 60% of the time, but in general there was a poor correlation between bacteriological clearing and clinical response. The effect of chemoprophylaxis with ampicillin and tetracycline in doses of 1 g a day on the frequency of acute exacerbations of bronchitis was compared with that of a placebo. Seven hundred eighty prophylactic regimens, consisting of one capsule every 12 hr for 5 days beginning with the first sign of a cold, were prescribed for 76 patients. Irrespective of the regimen, an acute exacerbation of bronchitis was encountered at approximately 13% of the follow-up visits to the clinic.

Topics: Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Female; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Melioidosis; Pseudomonas Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Acridines; Animals; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Kidney; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Sepsis; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Virulence

Topics: Acetylcholine; Airway Obstruction; Airway Resistance; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bronchitis; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Coal Mining; Drug Combinations; Dyspnea; Humans; Metaproterenol; Pneumoconiosis; Prednisolone; Pulmonary Artery; Tetracycline

Topics: Air Pollution; Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Haemophilus Infections; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Physical Therapy Modalities; Polycythemia; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Respiratory Function Tests; Smoking; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Chronic Disease; Creatinine; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Female; Fever; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Dialysis; Pneumonia; Prednisone; Tetracycline; Urea; Uremia

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Escherichia coli; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Carbenicillin; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Gentamicins; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Nitrofurantoin; Pyelonephritis; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Humans; Pulmonary Emphysema; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sputum; Tetracycline

Topics: Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Rheumatic Fever; Rolitetracycline; Tetracycline

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Expectorants; Humans; Male; Oleandomycin; Piperazines; Tetracycline; Theophylline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Conduction; Chronic Disease; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Oleandomycin; Procaine; Prostatitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Chronic Disease; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Emphysema; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Cholangitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oleandomycin; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Bromelains; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Parametritis; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peritonitis; Salpingitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Pneumococcal Infections; Serotyping; Sputum; Streptococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chondroitin; Chronic Disease; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Injections; Male; Muramidase; Oleandomycin; Radiography; Sinusitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Culture Media; Enterococcus faecalis; Erythromycin; Female; Femoral Fractures; Femur Head; Humans; Hypertonic Solutions; Kanamycin; L Forms; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Osteomyelitis; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Proteus; Radiography; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline; Vancomycin

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Brucellosis; Chronic Disease; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Immunotherapy; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Oleandomycin; Phagocytosis; Physical Therapy Modalities; Pigments, Biological; Prodigiosin; Pyrroles; Serratia marcescens; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetracycline; Vitamins

Topics: Abdomen; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Appendicitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Escherichia coli; Exudates and Transudates; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Neomycin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Pneumonia; Postoperative Complications; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Surgical Wound Infection; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Penicillin Resistance; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acute Disease; Child; Cholesteatoma; Cholesterol; Chronic Disease; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Ear, Middle; Granuloma; Haemophilus Infections; Hearing Disorders; Humans; Mastoiditis; Mucous Membrane; Ossification, Heterotopic; Otitis Media; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Depression, Chemical; Erythromycin; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Oleandomycin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Sulfanilamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Melioidosis; Military Medicine; Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic; Pseudomonas; Tetracycline; Vietnam

Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Pneumonia; Radiography, Thoracic; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bromelains; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Guaifenesin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phosphates; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sodium; Tetracycline; Theophylline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Circulation; Bronchitis; Carbon Dioxide; Chronic Disease; Doxycycline; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Respiration; Respiratory Function Tests; Rolitetracycline; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Cephaloridine; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Cloxacillin; Erythromycin; Humans; Lactose; Methicillin; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Pneumonia, Viral; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Aged; Ampicillin; Chronic Disease; Drug Synergism; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male; Nystatin; Pneumonia; Sputum; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Humans; L Forms; Male; Necrosis; Pharyngitis; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Triamcinolone Acetonide

Topics: Acute Disease; Asthma; Bacteria; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Complement Fixation Tests; Female; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Viruses

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacteriuria; Chronic Disease; Drug Synergism; Enterobacteriaceae; Female; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Nitrofurantoin; Pyrimidines; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Infections; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography; Tetracycline; Tonsillitis

Paired blood specimens submitted to the Virus Laboratory, between January and September 1970, from 200 patients with a lower respiratory tract infection were examined for antibodies to the psittacosis-human pneumonitis group antigen. A high static titre of antibodies was found in four patients and a rising titre in three. The illness varied in the seven patients, tending to be severe, chronic and recurrent. All patients recovered following a course of antibiotic therapy which was repeated in four; treatment tended to be inadequate since the diagnosis of psittacosis was made retrospectively. The likely source of the infection in four of the patients was budgerigars, in one it was pigeons, in one it was a canary as well as a pigeon, and in one the source was not identified. Two additional patients had a fairly high static titre of antibodies to the psittacosis-human pneumonitis antigen but were excluded from this report since they showed a diagnostic increase in antibodies to a respiratory virus during the course of their illness; both patients had an avian contact and are being followed up.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies; Chronic Disease; Complement Fixation Tests; Disease Reservoirs; Female; Humans; Male; Manitoba; Middle Aged; Psittacosis; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Colistin; Depression, Chemical; Drug Synergism; Erythromycin; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kanamycin; Klebsiella Infections; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrofurantoin; Oleandomycin; Oxacillin; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Proteus Infections; Pyelonephritis; Staphylococcal Infections; Stimulation, Chemical; Streptococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Cephalothin; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Parotid Gland; Parotitis; Pneumococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Anemia, Aplastic; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Drug Hypersensitivity; Fanconi Syndrome; Female; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lung Diseases; Penicillin Resistance; Pregnancy; Seizures; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tetracycline; Tooth Discoloration

Topics: Adult; Celiac Disease; Chronic Disease; Diet Therapy; Duodenum; Escherichia coli; Fats; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Ileum; Intestinal Absorption; Jejunum; Male; Middle Aged; Neomycin; Nutrition Disorders; Protein Deficiency; Stomach; Tetracycline; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Child; Chronic Disease; Depression, Chemical; Erythromycin; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Iontophoresis; Methacycline; Methicillin; Middle Aged; Neomycin; Oleandomycin; Oxacillin; Palatine Tonsil; Penicillin Resistance; Rifampin; Saliva; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Tonsillitis

Topics: Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Catheterization; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Digoxin; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; Heparin; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulmonary Embolism; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Thrombosis

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Chronic Disease; Depression, Chemical; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Breathing Exercises; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Physical Exertion; Pulmonary Emphysema; Tetracycline

Topics: Aged; Bronchitis; Bronchodilator Agents; Chronic Disease; Drainage; Ephedrine; Humans; Isoproterenol; Middle Aged; Phenylephrine; Prednisone; Pulmonary Emphysema; Respiratory Function Tests; Smoking; Steam; Tetracycline; Theophylline; Time Factors

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Chronic Disease; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sepsis; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxadiazoles; Tetracycline

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Tetracycline

Topics: Antitussive Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Tetracycline

Topics: Aged; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sputum; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Injections; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Rabbits; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Coloring Agents; Female; Genes; Humans; Leukocytes; Salmonella Infections; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Endometritis; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Inflammation; Oophoritis; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Pyrazoles; Salpingitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Brucellosis; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Radiography; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Typhoid Fever

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Infective Agents; Chronic Disease; Hearing Disorders; Humans; Otitis Media; Penicillins; Pneumococcal Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Drug Synergism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Peptide Hydrolases; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antitubercular Agents; Benzyl Compounds; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Cyclohexylamines; Drug Synergism; Expectorants; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Emphysema; Rabbits; Rats; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Silicotuberculosis; Tetracycline; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Ampicillin; Bacterial Vaccines; Bronchitis; Bronchography; Bronchoscopy; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Male; Tetracycline

Topics: Aged; Chronic Disease; Dermatitis, Exfoliative; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phlebitis; Psittacosis; Skin Manifestations; Tetracycline; Urticaria

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumococcal Infections; Prospective Studies; Serotyping; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Osteomyelitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus; Bacteria; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Chronic Disease; Colistin; Corynebacterium; Depression, Chemical; Erythromycin; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Escherichia coli; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nasal Mucosa; Otitis Media; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Proteus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Suppuration; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Kidney; Proteus Infections; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Tritium

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Tetracycline

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchitis; Child; Chronic Disease; Humans; Tetracycline

Topics: Air Pollution; Breathing Exercises; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Humans; Nicotiana; Phytotherapy; Plants, Toxic; Tetracycline

Topics: Age Factors; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Male; Nitrofurantoin; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Thiocarbamates; Urinary Tract Infections; Urography

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchial Diseases; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Function Tests; Tetracycline; Trypsin

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxadiazoles; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Asia, Southeastern; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Melioidosis; Military Medicine; Pseudomonas; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Urticaria

Topics: Cholecystitis; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Tablets; Tetracycline

Topics: Angiography; Chronic Disease; Humans; Methods; Osteomyelitis; Tetracycline; Therapeutic Irrigation

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Female; Fluorometry; Humans; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Myelography; Osteomyelitis; Suppuration; Tetracycline; Therapeutic Irrigation

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Bronchitis; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Female; Hospitals, Special; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Theophylline

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bile; Biliary Tract Diseases; Child; Chloramphenicol; Cholecystitis; Cholelithiasis; Chronic Disease; Common Bile Duct; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Klebsiella; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline

Topics: Adolescent; Ampicillin; Cephalosporins; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Diuretics; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Nalidixic Acid; Nitrofurantoin; Postoperative Complications; Pyelonephritis; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections; Urography

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Chlortetracycline; Cholecystitis; Chronic Disease; Cystitis; Demeclocycline; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pyelitis; Tablets; Tetracycline; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Vibrio Infections

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Bacteria; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Chronic Disease; Cystitis; Demeclocycline; Epididymitis; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillin G; Pyelonephritis; Streptomycin; Tablets; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchiolitis, Viral; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Cross Infection; Humans; Laryngitis; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Pharyngitis; Pneumonia; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline; Tracheitis

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Candidiasis, Oral; Cheilitis; Chronic Disease; Denture, Complete; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oral Health; Stomatitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Chronic Disease; Eczema; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Maleates; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetracycline; Urticaria

Topics: Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Cobalt Isotopes; Diarrhea; Dietary Proteins; Fats; Feces; Folic Acid; Humans; Ileum; India; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Malabsorption Syndromes; Sprue, Tropical; Tetracycline; Tropical Climate; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Diarrhea, Infantile; Enteritis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Meningitis; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis; Sepsis; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Tooth Diseases; Tooth, Deciduous; Vomiting; Whooping Cough

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Methods; Palatine Tonsil; Respiratory Therapy; Tetracycline; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Humans; London; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Smoking; Spirometry; Sputum; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Nitrofurantoin; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Black or African American; Cellulitis; Chronic Disease; Hexachlorophene; Humans; Male; Scalp Dermatoses; Staphylococcus; Tetracycline

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Blood; Blood Proteins; Cervix Uteri; Chronic Disease; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Female; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Menstruation; Mononuclear Phagocyte System; Oleandomycin; Oophoritis; Phagocytosis; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Salpingitis; Serratia marcescens; Tetracycline; Urethra

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Drug and Narcotic Control; Drug Antagonism; Drug Incompatibility; Erythromycin; Infections; Kanamycin; Long-Term Care; Neomycin; Novobiocin; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Chronic Disease; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Infections; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Peritonitis; Pleural Diseases; Pneumonia; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Suppuration; Surgical Wound Infection; Tetracycline; Thiamine

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Tetracycline; Uremia

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Cholangitis; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Infant; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Demeclocycline; Humans; Methacycline; Oxytetracycline; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Bronchitis; Candida; Candidiasis, Oral; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Saliva; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Blood Proteins; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Dysentery, Bacillary; Humans; Tetracycline

Topics: Bile; Cholecystitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Synergism; Glucosamine; Humans; Tetracycline

Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchial Diseases; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline

Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Dysentery, Bacillary; Feces; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Tetracycline

Topics: Amebiasis; Chloroquine; Chronic Disease; Humans; Iodoquinol; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cholecystitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy; Humans; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Colistin; Humans; Nalidixic Acid; Nitrofurantoin; Pyelonephritis; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Chronic Disease; Humans; Influenza, Human; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Otitis Media; Otolaryngology; Penicillins; Sinusitis; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Toxicology

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Antigens; Antigens, Bacterial; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Demeclocycline; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enterobacter aerogenes; Erythromycin; Humans; Isoproterenol; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Sputum; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Oleandomycin; Penicillins; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Disease; Humans; Maxillary Sinus; Maxillary Sinusitis; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Sinusitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Cortisone; Disease; Female; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Pelvis; Tetracycline