tetracycline and Central-Nervous-System-Diseases

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Ampicillin; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbenicillin; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Clindamycin; Dermatitis; Drug Hypersensitivity; Gentamicins; Humans; Kanamycin; Kidney Diseases; Lincomycin; Neomycin; Penicillins; Polymyxins; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Vancomycin

The data on tetracycline penetration from the blood into the serebrospinal fluid of patients with different diseases of the central nervous system are presented. Clinico-laboratory comparisons showed that the antibiotic penetration did not depend on the character and severity of the main disease of the brain (tumor, trauma, abscess). No dependence on the surgical intervention was either found. The index of tetracycline penetration from the blood into the liquor did not depend on the drug administration route, i.e. intramuscularly or orally. The presence of the post-operative meningitis increased permeability of the brain membranes for tetracycline.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Biopharmaceutics; Blood-Brain Barrier; Central Nervous System Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Ceftriaxone; Central Nervous System Diseases; Humans; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Whipple Disease

To determine whether early dissemination of Borrelia burgdorferi to the central nervous system occurs in stage I of Lyme borreliosis, neurological and cerebrospinal fluid examination was performed in 48 consecutive patients in whom the only sign of infection was a solitary erythema migrans lesion. Long-term follow-up after treatment with tetracycline was carried out by telephone interview. At presentation, neurological findings were normal in all 48 patients. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were obtained from 29 (60%) patients. Mild pleocytosis and mild impairment of the blood-brain barrier were present in four and one of these patients, respectively. No significant amount of tumor necrosis factor or interleukin 6 was found in the cerebrospinal fluid samples. Culture results of 13 cerebrospinal fluid samples were negative. Borrelia burgdorferi DNA was only detected by the polymerase chain reaction in one of two aliquots of the cerebrospinal fluid sample of one patient. None of 46 patients who were interviewed 12 to 51 (median 25) months after antibiotic treatment developed manifestations consistent with disseminated or chronic Lyme borreliosis. Thus, no compelling evidence was found for the presence of asymptomatic central nervous system involvement in patients with clinically localized Lyme borreliosis.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Borrelia burgdorferi Group; Central Nervous System Diseases; Erythema Chronicum Migrans; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Interleukin-6; Lyme Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prospective Studies; Serologic Tests; Tetracycline; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Reports of clinical relapse occurring after apparently successful antibiotic treatment of Whipple's disease prompted this review of long-term follow-up of treated patients. Follow-up of at least 1 yr after completion of treatment or 2 yr after diagnosis was obtained on 88 patients with documented Whipple's disease by a review of the medical literature, correspondence with the authors as needed, and questionnaires mailed to academic gastroenterology programs in the United States. Relapse was defined on the basis of morphology (preferably) or clinically, or both. Thirty-one patients relapsed, 6 of whom relapsed twice. Fifty-seven patients did not relapse. The mean time to relapse was 4.2 yr. The mean follow-up period of patients who did not relapse was 8.2 yr. The type and number of relapses were as follows: clinical, 16; central nervous system, 13; arthralgia, 5; gastrointestinal, 1; and cardiac, 2. The clinical, arthralgia, and gastrointestinal relapses were evenly distributed between early relapses (occurring less than 2 yr after diagnosis) and late relapses (occurring greater than 2 yr after diagnosis). All cardiac and central nervous system relapses were late. Twenty-one of 49 patients treated with tetracycline alone relapsed. Two relapses were reported in 15 patients treated with penicillin and streptomycin followed by tetracycline. Three relapses developed in 8 patients treated with penicillin alone. Five of the 16 patients treated with other regimens relapsed. Nine of the 13 patients with central nervous system relapse had been initially treated with tetracycline, 2 were treated with penicillin, and 2 were treated with combinations of antibiotics. Results of treatment of central nervous system relapse were poor in 10 of the 11 patients for whom details were available. Results of treatment of non-central-nervous-system relapse were excellent in 19 of 20 patients. It is concluded that tetracycline alone, or penicillin alone, is not adequate initial therapy for Whipple's disease and that central nervous system relapse is resistant to antibiotic therapy. The authors recommend parenteral penicillin and streptomycin followed by 1 yr of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy or oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole alone for 1 yr as initial therapy for Whipple's disease. Relapse should be defined by demonstration of recurrence of bacilli whenever possible.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Central Nervous System Diseases; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Recurrence; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Whipple Disease

The treatment of 15 patients with neoplastic pleurisy and 25 with spontaneous pneumothorax occurring for the second time is described. All were given endopleural tetracycline therapy for symphyseal purposes. In the neoplastic pleurisy cases, the treatment reduced the number of thoracenteses required. In only 1 case did spontaneous pneumothorax recur a short time after treatment.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Central Nervous System Diseases; Female; Humans; Injections; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Pleura; Pleurisy; Pneumothorax; Rectal Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms; Tetracycline

Topics: Central Nervous System Diseases; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; History, 20th Century; Humans; Neomycin; Penicillin G; Penicillin Resistance; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; USSR

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Antitubercular Agents; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow Examination; Central Nervous System Diseases; Child; Dextrans; Hematoma; Hematoma, Subdural; Humans; Isoniazid; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Mercaptopurine; Norepinephrine; Oleandomycin; Paraplegia; Prednisone; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood; Central Nervous System Diseases; Central Nervous System Infections; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Humans; Research; Tetracycline