tetracycline and Cat-Diseases

Diagnostic and therapeutic drugs may enhance urolithiasis in one or a combination of ways, including: (1) alteration of urine pH in such fashion as to create an environment that increases the solubility of some lithogenic substances, (2) alteration of glomerular filtration rate, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion of drugs of endogenous substances so as to enhance promoters or impair inhibitors of urolithiasis, and (3) precipitation (e.g., drugs or their metabolites) to form a portion or all of a urolith.

Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anticonvulsants; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fluoroquinolones; Primidone; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Urinary Calculi; Xanthine Oxidase

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Chlamydia; Chlamydia Infections; Humans; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Swine; Swine Diseases; Tetracycline

This study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococci isolated from dogs and cats with urinary tract infections in northwestern Croatia. During this study, the laboratory received 787 urine samples, 651 from dogs and 136 from cats. A total of 260 urine samples (211 from dogs and 49 from cats) were bacteriologically positive. Of these, 29 isolates belonged to Enterococcus spp.; 22 from dogs and seven from cats. Enterococci isolates were identified by PCR method, 12 of which were Enterococcus faecium and 17 were Enterococcus faecalis species. In dogs, 16 E. faecalis and six E. faecium strains were identified, whereas in cats, six E. faecium and only one E. faecalis strain were identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method for nine antimicrobials: penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin, nitrofurantoin, rifampicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin. The isolates were tested for high-level resistance to streptomycin and gentamicin. The highest resistance of Enterococcus spp. was observed to rifampicin (86%) and enrofloxacin (83%), followed by tetracycline and ciprofloxacin (69%). Resistance to vancomycin was 28%, and the lowest resistance was to chloramphenicol (17%). Multidrug resistance was found in 76% of enterococci isolates. High-level streptomycin resistance was detected in 17% and high-level gentamicin resistance in 10% of the isolated enterococci. When comparing species susceptibility, E. faecium isolates were significantly more resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, and ciprofloxacin (p < 0.05). Eleven E. faecium isolates (92%) and 12 E. faecalis isolates (76%) were multidrug resistant.

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chloramphenicol; Ciprofloxacin; Croatia; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Enrofloxacin; Enterococcus; Enterococcus faecium; Gentamicins; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nitrofurantoin; Penicillins; Prevalence; Rifampin; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Vancomycin

This study assessed whether Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from companion animals differed from those of human origin. Beta-hemolytic S. agalactiae was collected from a veterinary laboratory center and a university hospital. Strains were identified using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and amplification of the species-specific dltS gene. We conducted virulence gene profiling, capsular genotyping, determination of clonal complex (CC), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotyping or genotyping. The 20 non-invasive isolates obtained from animals and 15 non-invasive isolates from adult humans were comparatively analyzed in this study. We found significant differences in the virulence gene profiles of bca-rib-lmb-cylE (40.0% vs. 93.3%) and the possession of bac (30.0% vs. 0%) between animal-origin and human-origin non-invasive strains. We observed a significant difference in the distribution of CC1 between the two non-invasive populations. There were significant differences in the prevalence of tetracycline resistance genotypes (60.0% vs. 20.0%) and absence of AMR genotypes (30.0% vs. 80.0%), and AMR rates of tetracycline (35.0% vs. 0%) and fluoroquinolone (20.0% vs. 66.7%) between the two non-invasive populations. These observations suggest that there were different features, in terms of virulence gene profile, CC, and AMR genotype/phenotype in the non-invasive isolates of animal origin compared to those of human origin.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Genotype; Hospitals, University; Humans; Japan; Laboratory Animal Science; Male; Pets; Phenotype; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus agalactiae; Tetracycline; Virulence

This paper describes for the first time the isolation of Streptococcus lutetiensis in a cat with intestinal lymphoma. The Streptococcus bovis group has undergone significant taxonomic changes over the past two decades and, in 2002, Poyart et al. described two distinct novel species within the genus Streptococcus: Streptococcus lutetiensis and Streptococcus pasteurianus. The bovis group streptococci include commensal species and subspecies or opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. The cat was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Bologna for chronic diarrhoea associated with fresh blood. A diagnosis of intestinal lymphoma was advanced. S. lutetiensis was accidentally isolated from the faeces of the cat and identified through MALDI-TOF and 16s rRNA sequencing. The Kirby-Bauer test revealed that the isolate was resistant to enrofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, marbofloxacin and tetracycline. The detection of S. lutetiensis in cat faeces might suggest that it could be a normal inhabitant of cat intestinal tract or that it could be involved in the manifestation of intestinal diseases. Since bacteria belonging to the S. bovis group are considered emerging pathogens, additional research is required to evaluate the role of S. lutetiensis in cats and its role in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: In this study the isolation of Streptococcus lutetiensis from a cat with intestinal lymphoma was described for the first time. An antimicrobial susceptibility test performed by means of the disc diffusion method revealed that the isolate was resistant to enrofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, marbofloxacin and tetracycline. Nowadays the ecological or pathogenetic role of S. lutetiensis in the gut of animals remains unclear but, even if its role as commensal bacterium was confirmed, the presence of multi-resistant S. lutetiensis in cat gut could favour the transmission of antimicrobial resistance to other bacteria.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Clindamycin; Diarrhea; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Erythromycin; Feces; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Intestinal Neoplasms; Intestines; Lymphoma; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Tetracycline

The Republic of Zambia consists of only one veterinary teaching school at the University of Zambia (UNZA) where students and veterinarians are exposed to many bacterial pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP). The aim of this study was the characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of eleven SA and 48 SP isolates from the veterinary hospitals' in- and outpatients and the environment. No isolate was resistant to cefoxitin by disk diffusion test and the corresponding resistance gene mecA was not found. In contrast, the resistance rates of SA to penicillin (63.6%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (36.4%) and SP to penicillin (52.1%) and tetracycline (25.0%) were the highest. A variety of sequence types (STs) without a predominant type including numerous novel types were determined, especially for SP (39.6%). The spa typing provided a clonal assignment for all SAs (100%) and 24 SPs (50%) with three and two novel types, respectively. This study has provided an overview of SA and SP in the veterinary teaching hospital at UNZA. However, for a better understanding of these species regarding pathogenesis and transmission, further studies on the prevalence and characterization of SA and SP from veterinary staff, pet owners, and farm animals in Zambia is needed.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Sequence; Cat Diseases; Cats; DNA, Bacterial; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Hospitals, Animal; Hospitals, Teaching; Molecular Sequence Data; Penicillins; Pets; Prevalence; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus aureus; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Zambia

This study investigated 339 cases of feline mycobacterial infection, with histopathology findings from 225 cases, and treatment and outcome information from 184 cases. Tissue samples from cats with cutaneous lesions or suspicious masses at exploratory laparotomy were submitted to the Veterinary Laboratories Agency for mycobacterial culture over a 4-year period to December 2008. The study reviewed the files for information about histopathology, treatment and outcome, and blindly reviewed histopathological changes (including staining for acid-fast bacteria [AFB]) in a sub-set of 45 cases. When a cat is suspected of having a mycobacterial infection, accurate identification of the species involved helps to determine possible treatment options and prognosis. The study confirmed that histopathology and the presence of AFB are useful tools in the recognition of mycobacterial infection. Unfortunately, they did little to help determine the species of mycobacteria involved. The study identified a group of cats that were negative for AFB at the primary laboratory, but from which mycobacteria could be cultured; commonly Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium microti. The study also identified a group of cats which where culture negative, despite typical signs of mycobacterial infection and positive AFB staining. Many cases responded favourably to treatment (56% of the cases where information was available), and many cats gained complete remission (42%). However, relapses were common (64%) and often followed by pulmonary and/or systemic spread that may have resulted from treatment with short courses of single drugs. This study shows that the diagnosis and treatment of feline mycobacteriosis is complex and challenging.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Laboratories; Macrolides; Male; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tetracycline; United Kingdom

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antipruritics; Balanitis; Behavior, Animal; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlorpheniramine; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Self Mutilation; Tetracycline

To elucidate kinetics of Bartonella henselae bacteremia and IgG response, evaluate antibiotic therapy, and investigate challenge exposure in cats.. Specific-pathogen-free cats.. Cats were inoculated with B henselae or B quintana and monitored. Convalescent cats were challenge exposed with B henselae. Amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline HCl were evaluated for effect on B henselae bacteremia.. Cats developed B henselae bacteremia within 1 week; bacteremia persisted for longer than 2 months before subsiding spontaneously. IgG antibody titer developed shortly after onset of bacteremia; antibody co-existed with bacteremia for several weeks and remained detectable after bacteremia subsided. Cats inoculated with B quintana remained abacteremic. On challenge exposure to B henselae, cats previously infected with B henselae remained abacteremic; cats previously inoculated with B quintana supported B henselae infection. Tetracycline HCl and erythromycin depressed B henselae bacteremia; however, duration of bacteremia remained similar to that in untreated cats. Obvious signs of illness were not observed.. Long-duration, high-titer B henselae infections were highly reproducible in cats. Convalescent cats were immune to reinfection. B quintana-inoculated cats did not have evidence of infection and were susceptible to B henselae challenge exposure. Antibiotic therapy was incompletely efficacious in terminating cat bacteremia.. A cat with an inapparent B henselae infection must provisionally be regarded as a possible reservoir for infection for a minimum of 2 to 3 months. Convalescent cats are resistant to reinfection. Usual antibiotic therapy was not completely efficacious. Measurement of IgG antibody can be used to detect past or current infection.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Angiomatosis, Bacillary; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Bacteremia; Bartonella henselae; Cat Diseases; Cats; Enrofloxacin; Erythromycin; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Immunoglobulin G; Quinolones; Tetracycline; Time Factors

A cat with acute onset of febrile systemic illness was determined to be infected with Cytauxzoon felis. The diagnosis was made on the basis of cytologic morphology of erythroparasites seen in blood smears and results of microfluorometric immunoassay for serum antibody directed against C felis-parasitized RBC. Treatment consisted of parenteral administration of fluids and antibiotics. The cat recovered within 2 weeks. Circulating erythroparasites were not detected on blood smears from samples collected during follow-up examinations. However, high serum antibody titer persisted for at least 15 weeks after infection. The cat continued to be free of clinical disease 2.5 years after the initial diagnosis. Whether C felis infection persists in this cat has yet to be determined. This case indicates that some domestic cats can recover from naturally acquired cytauxzoonosis.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Disease-Free Survival; Enrofloxacin; Female; Fluid Therapy; Fluoroquinolones; Follow-Up Studies; Piroplasmida; Protozoan Infections; Protozoan Infections, Animal; Quinolones; Tetracycline

Administration of tetracycline was believed to be associated with an adverse drug reaction in a cat. Clinical signs consisted of anorexia, ptyalism, and signs of depression. The most noticeable biochemical abnormality was a markedly high serum alanine transaminase activity. Treatment consisted of vitamin E and selenium injections and feeding via a gastrostomy tube. Abnormalities noticed on histologic examination of hepatic tissue were centrilobular fibrosis, mild diffuse cholangiohepatitis, and mild hepatic lipidosis. The lipidosis was believed to have resulted from tetracycline administration, whereas the more chronic lesions (hepatic fibrosis and mild cholangiohepatitis) were believed to have resulted from preexisting, subclinical hepatic disease. Because serum alanine transaminase activity returned to reference ranges and the anorexia and ptyalism resolved with cessation of tetracycline administration, these abnormalities were believed to have represented an adverse drug reaction. Treatment of the cat with vitamin E and selenium was instituted on the basis of reported preventive and therapeutic effects in albino rats with tetracycline-induced hepatic lesions. Whether these compounds had any role in accelerating clinical recovery in this cat is uncertain.

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Liver; Liver Diseases; Selenium; Tetracycline; Vitamin E

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Cephalosporins; Chickens; Chloramphenicol; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Erythromycin; Gentamicins; Haplorhini; Kanamycin; Lactones; Lincomycin; Neomycin; Novobiocin; Penicillins; Poultry Diseases; Rabbits; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Kanamycin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pneumonia; Streptomycin; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cephalothin; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Cystitis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Escherichia coli; Female; Genetics, Microbial; Gentamicins; Kanamycin; Male; Nalidixic Acid; Neomycin; Nitrofurantoin; Penicillin Resistance; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Urine

Topics: Adult; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlamydia; Chlamydia Infections; Conjunctiva; Conjunctivitis; Humans; Keratoconjunctivitis; Male; Pneumonia; Tetracycline; Zoonoses

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Blood Transfusion; Cat Diseases; Cats; Disease Vectors; Hemoglobinometry; Rickettsia; Rickettsia Infections; Staining and Labeling; Tetracycline

Topics: Adult; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlamydia; Chlamydia Infections; Conjunctiva; Conjunctivitis; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Humans; Male; Pneumonia; Tetracycline; Zoonoses

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Tetracycline