tetracycline and Actinomycosis--Cervicofacial

Actinomycosis is a chronic, specific inflammation which is characterized by suppuration, abscess formation, tissue fibrosis and granuloma formation. Actinomycosis has three main forms (cervicofacial, which is the most frequent, approximately 60%, pulmonary and abdominal), but other regions of the body can be involved, too (e.g. neck, ovaries, bones), that is why its differential diagnosis becomes more and more relevant. Regarding its treatment, the majority of authors recommends the combination of surgical and antibiotic treatment. The authors of this article present a typical case of cervicofacial actinomycosis, in which the authors used the combination of surgical and antibiotic treatment. As a result of the treatment the healing process was completed successfully and without complications.

Topics: Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Clindamycin; Cutaneous Fistula; Diagnosis, Differential; Granuloma; Humans; Male; Penicillin G; Penicillin V; Tetracycline; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Chloramphenicol; Erythromycin; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Neomycin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

The minimum inhibitory concentrations for erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, tetracycline and minocycline have been determined for 92 clinical and three culture collection isolates of Actinomyces. From a consideration of MIC values and expected serum levels from oral therapy, minocycline was the drug of choice for the treatment of actinomycosis in patients allergic to penicillin. The serum levels of six patients allergic to penicillin, treated with oral minocycline 1 g/day were monitored and found to exceed the MIC for the Actinomyces species responsible for the condition. In all six Actinomycosis cases resolution was achieved in 8-16 weeks of oral minocycline therapy with no recrudescence for 1 year.

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adult; Clindamycin; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Lincomycin; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Penicillins; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Time Factors

Actinomycotic infections are unusual, but the actual incidence is likely to be significantly higher than records indicate. The disease may complicate trauma of many types to the respiratory and digestive tracts, including operative procedures. This possibility should encourage more frequent use of anaerobic cultures in inflammatory diseases, particularly posttraumatic, and should prompt consideration of actinomycosis in the differential diagnosis of infections, especially in the cervicofacial area. We report four cases that demonstrate the variable course of this infection. Treatment is highly successful with appropriate use of antibiotics and surgery. A plea is made to use the least expensive, effective antibiotic in view of the prolonged course of therapy that is necessary to eradicate this infection.

Topics: Abscess; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Aged; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cephalosporins; Female; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Parotid Gland; Penicillin G; Tetracycline; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Clindamycin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Tetracycline

Topics: Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adult; Ampicillin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline

Topics: Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Animals; Antibodies; Desensitization, Immunologic; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intradermal; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Mast Cells; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Penicillin G; Penicillins; Rats; Skin Tests; Sulfadiazine; Tetracycline

Topics: Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adult; Chloramphenicol; Demecolcine; Diagnosis, Differential; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lincomycin; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Male; Middle Aged; Oral Manifestations; Penicillins; Radiography; Sulfadiazine; Tetracycline

Topics: Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adult; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Lincomycin; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Male; Mandibular Diseases; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Tooth Extraction

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Mycetoma; Peritoneal Diseases; Tetracycline

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Mandibular Diseases; Nocardia Infections; Tetracycline; Tooth Extraction

Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Demeclocycline; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Erythromycin; Humans; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Suspensions; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines

Topics: Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Ameloblastoma; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Humans; Nitrofurantoin; Penicillin G; Penicillin V; Penicillins; Periapical Abscess; Postoperative Complications; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tetracycline; Tooth Extraction; Urethritis

Topics: Actinomycosis; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Penicillins; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Tetracaine; Tetracycline