tetracycline and Actinomycetales-Infections

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Bacteremia; Brevibacterium; Ceftriaxone; Disease Susceptibility; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergencies; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Facial Dermatoses; Gentamicins; Humans; Levofloxacin; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic; Male; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Vancomycin; Wound Infection

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Bacterial Infections; Bacteroides Infections; Chloramphenicol; Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical; Drainage; Fusobacterium; Humans; Lincomycin; Liver Abscess; Penicillins; Radionuclide Imaging; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline

Tetracycline resistance is common among isolates of the animal commensal and opportunistic pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes. The tetracycline resistance determinant cloned from two bovine isolates of A. pyogenes was highly similar at the DNA level (92% identity) to the tet(W) gene, encoding a ribosomal protection tetracycline resistance protein, from the rumen bacterium Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. The tet(W) gene was found in all 20 tetracycline-resistant isolates tested, indicating that it is a widely distributed determinant of tetracycline resistance in this organism. In 25% of tetracycline-resistant isolates, the tet(W) gene was associated with a mob gene, encoding a functional mobilization protein, and an origin of transfer, suggesting that the determinant may be transferable to other bacteria. In fact, low-frequency transfer of tet(W) was detected from mob+ A. pyogenes isolates to a tetracycline-sensitive A. pyogenes recipient. The mobile nature of this determinant and the presence of A. pyogenes in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle and pigs suggest that A. pyogenes may have inherited this determinant within the gastrointestinal tracts of these animals.

Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Birds; Cattle; Conjugation, Genetic; Digestive System; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Plasmids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Swine; Tetracycline; Tetracycline Resistance

We report a case of lung infection, clinically resembling tuberculosis, caused by Rhodococcus rubropertinctus. The patient had no apparent immunosuppression which is unusual for disease caused by the 'rhodochrous' complex. The infection responded successfully to oral anti-tuberculous therapy, which included rifampicin, and to oral tetracycline.

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Administration, Oral; Australia; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Rhodococcus; Rifampin; Tetracycline; Vietnam

Two cases are described of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in whom cross-reacting antibodies developed to a glycopeptide antigen of Micropolyspora faeni. The antibodies were predominantly IgG, although some IgM was detected. Precipitin responses to M. faeni were detected for 4 months after the initial illness in one case, and 1 month in the second case. The cross-reacting antibodies were closely related to the antibodies responsible for the complement fixation reaction to M. pneumoniae. It is suggested that a common polysaccharide antigen may exist on the surface membranes of M. pneumoniae and M. faeni. Initial studies of the frequency of the development of cross-reacting antibodies in M. pneumoniae infection suggest it is uncommon. Atypical cases of farmer's lung should be investigated to exclude M. pneumoniae infection.

Topics: Absorption; Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Adult; Agglutinins; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antibodies, Fungal; Antigens, Fungal; Cold Temperature; Complement Fixation Tests; Cross Reactions; Cryoglobulins; Female; Glycopeptides; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Immunoelectrophoresis; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Lung; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Radiography; Respiratory Function Tests; Skin Tests; Tetracycline

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Anaerobiosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Bacteroides Infections; Cephalosporins; Chloramphenicol; Clindamycin; Clostridium Infections; Erythromycin; Fusobacterium; Humans; Lincomycin; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oxygen; Penicillins; Rifampin; Streptococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Treponemal Infections; Vancomycin; Veillonella