teroxirone and Dermatitis--Allergic-Contact

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by polyester resin is considered to be rare.. To describe 11 new patients diagnosed with occupational contact allergy to components of polyester resin systems in 1994-2009.. Data on occupations, patch test results, symptoms and exposure to polyester products were retrieved from patient files, covering 1994 to February 2015.. Five patients reacted to unsaturated polyester resin putties. In 3 of these cases, putties were considered to be the main cause of the dermatitis. Four patients had cobalt allergy resulting from cobalt salts that were used as accelerators in polyester resins. Three patients were sensitized to triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC), a cross-linker in polyester powder paints.. Two product types are of particular importance in contact allergy to polyester resin: powder paints cured by heat with TGIC as the cross-linker, and car putties. Car putties are used not only in repair car painting, but also in some industrial trades to smoothen surfaces before painting. As commercial patch test substances of polyester resin putties are lacking, patients' own products need to be tested. Cobalt salts are used in several types of polyester resin product as accelerators, and these must be considered as a possible cause of cobalt sensitization.

Topics: Automobiles; Cobalt; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Facial Dermatoses; Finland; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Paint; Polyesters; Retrospective Studies; Triazines

Triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) is mainly used in polyester-based powder paints, but also in laminates, insulating varnishes, coatings and adhesives. Several cases of contact allergy to TGIC have been reported during the last 10 years. Contact allergy to TGIC has developed in a factory producing the chemical, in a factory producing powder paints containing TGIC, and in industries using powder coating. In this paper, we report a man who developed a work-related dermatitis when working on the painting of metal frames. He was exposed to polyester powder pigments containing TGIC. When patch tested, he was negative to TGIC (prepared in 1988) 3x and positive to polyester powder pigment. Only when a new test preparation of fresh TGIC powder was tested, was a positive reaction obtained. Chemical analyses showed that there was no TGIC in the test preparation from 1988, and that in the TGIC powder from 1988, there was only 30% of the expected amount of TGIC. The investigations, clinical and chemical, strongly indicate degradation of TGIC in the test preparation and powder. Both substances and the test preparations made from them may change over time. Therefore, if a false-negative reaction due to a test preparation is strongly suspected, we recommend a re-test of the patient with a new test preparation of fresh material. As a general rule, patch testing should be performed with fresh substances and test preparations made from them, unless their stability and durability are known.

Topics: Adult; Allergens; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; False Negative Reactions; Humans; Male; Occupational Exposure; Patch Tests; Pigments, Biological; Predictive Value of Tests; Triazines

Topics: Acrylates; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Epoxy Resins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Patch Tests; Triazines

The case is presented of a man with allergic contact dermatitis and occupational asthma due to triglycidylisocyanurate (TGIC), which is used as a hardener in thermosetting powder paint. The contact dermatitis was confirmed by patch testing (TGIC 0.5% and 5% in petrolatum), and the occupational asthma was confirmed by bronchial provocation testing: two challenges to an aerosol of lactose containing TGIC (0.05% and 0.1%, w/w, each for 0.5+1+2+4 min) led to a maximal decrease in FEV1 of 22% and 31% after 6 and 4 h, respectively. Skin prick tests with unconjugated TGIC were possibly positive. This case confirms that exposure to TGIC in powder paints may cause not only contact dermatitis, but also occupational asthma.

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Male; Occupational Diseases; Occupational Exposure; Patch Tests; Triazines

A case of a 31-year-old color paint factory worker who developed contact dermatitis of the face and forearms on exposure to triglycidyl isocyanurate is reported. Patch testing showed a positive allergic reaction to only 5% triglycidyl isocyanurate in methyl ethyl ketone. A face mask that had not been regularly cleaned probably promoted the patient's sensitization by its occlusive effect.

Topics: Adult; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Facial Dermatoses; Forearm; Humans; Intradermal Tests; Male; Paint; Patch Tests; Triazines

A 48-year-old female silk-screen printer had worked in the manufacture of circuit boards for 12 years before she got the first symptoms of dermatitis on her wrists and lower arms. On the 1st patch test session, epoxy resin and the remainder of the standard series were negative, while a plastics and glues series gave an allergic reaction to 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM). The 2nd test session revealed allergic reactions to several acrylics, several epoxy compounds and 3 ink components. According to the material safety data sheets, 1 ink hardener contained DDM, but the causative agent in 1 ink and 1 ink hardener remained uncertain. The manufacturers of the 2 inks kindly provided us with their components for further patch tests. 2 of these components gave allergic reactions: triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA). Our case report shows that the manufacture of circuit boards involves exposure to highly sensitizing chemicals. DDM, TGIC and 2-HEMA should be remembered as silk-screen printers' potential contact sensitizers in the manufacture of circuit boards.

Topics: Aniline Compounds; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Electronics; Female; Humans; Ink; Methacrylates; Middle Aged; Triazines

Topics: Adult; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Facial Dermatoses; Humans; Male; Paint; Triazines