tedizolid-phosphate and Neutropenia

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Linezolid; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neutropenia; Organophosphates; Oxazoles; Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Tedizolid phosphate (TR-701) is a novel oxazolidinone prodrug (converted to the active form tedizolid [TR-700]) with potent Staphylococcus aureus activity. The current studies characterized and compared the in vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of TR-701/TR-700 and linezolid against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in the neutropenic murine pneumonia model. The pharmacokinetic properties of both drugs were linear over a dose range of 0.625 to 40 mg/kg of body weight. Protein binding was 30% for linezolid and 85% for TR-700. Mice were infected with one of 11 isolates of S. aureus, including MSSA and community- and hospital-acquired MRSA strains. Each drug was administered by oral-gastric gavage every 12 h (q12h). The dosing regimens ranged from 1.25 to 80 mg/kg/12 h for linezolid and 0.625 to 160 mg/kg/12 h for TR-701. At the start of therapy, mice had 6.24 ± 0.40 log(10) CFU/lungs, which increased to 7.92 ± 1.02 log(10) CFU/lungs in untreated animals over a 24-h period. A sigmoid maximum-effect (E(max)) model was used to determine the antimicrobial exposure associated with net stasis (static dose [SD]) and 1-log-unit reduction in organism relative to the burden at the start of therapy. The static dose pharmacodynamic targets for linezolid and TR-700 were nearly identical, at a free drug (non-protein-bound) area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h in the steady state divided by the MIC (AUC/MIC ratio) of 19 and 20, respectively. The 1-log-unit kill endpoints were also similar, at 46.1 for linezolid and 34.6 for TR-700. The exposure targets were also comparable for both MSSA and MRSA isolates. These dosing goals support further clinical trial examination of TR-701 in MSSA and MRSA pneumonia.

Topics: Acetamides; Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Area Under Curve; Blood Proteins; Colony Count, Microbial; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Linezolid; Lung; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neutropenia; Organophosphates; Oxazoles; Oxazolidinones; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Prodrugs; Protein Binding; Staphylococcus aureus