taxane and Nasopharyngeal-Neoplasms

To assess the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine-based induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).. Both observational studies (OBS) and randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included in the meta-analysis. Systematic online searches were conducted in Web of Sciences, PubMed, Embase, meeting proceedings and ClinicalTrials.gov from the inception to May 25, 2020. The primary endpoint of interest was overall survival.. five OBSs and 2 RCTs including 1680 patients were incorporated in the analysis. The evidence from the RCTs showed that adding gemcitabine-based induction chemotherapy to CCRT significantly improved progression free survival (hazard ratio (HR): 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40-0.88; P = .010; chi square P = .25; I2 = 24%) and overall survival (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.28-0.80; P = 0.005; chi square P = .49, I2 = 0%) and was related to a higher risk of hematological toxicities. Furthermore, based on the data of OBSs, overall survival (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.31-0.88; P = .02; chi square P = .37, I2 = 6%) was significantly improved in patients treated with gemcitabine-based induction chemotherapy compared to those treated with taxane-based induction chemotherapy. However, the progression free survival (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45-1.01; P = .06; chi square P = .74; I2 = 0%) showed no significant difference.. For LA-NPC patients, adding gemcitabine-based induction chemotherapy to CCRT significantly improved overall survival and progression free survival with a higher risk of hematological toxicities when compared to CCRT alone. Also, gemcitabine-based regimen could be used as an alternative induction chemotherapy regimen to taxane-based regimen in the treatment of LA-NPC.

Topics: Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Case-Control Studies; Chemoradiotherapy; China; Combined Modality Therapy; Deoxycytidine; Gemcitabine; Humans; Induction Chemotherapy; Middle Aged; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Observational Studies as Topic; Progression-Free Survival; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Survival Analysis; Taxoids; Treatment Outcome

Available data in the literature comparing different induction chemotherapy (IC) regimens on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are scarce. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the outcomes of locoregionally advanced NPC patients who were treated with taxane, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) or cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (PF) as IC followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).. In total, 1879 patients with locoregionally advanced NPC treated with IC and CCRT from a prospectively maintained database were included in the present observational study. We compared overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and locoregional relapse-free survival, using the propensity score method.. In total, 1256 patients received TPF or PF as IC backbone. The TPF group showed significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.660; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.442-0.986; P = 0.042), DSS (HR, 0.624; 95% CI 0.411-0.947; P = 0.027) and DMFS (HR, 0.589; 95% CI 0.406-0.855; P = 0.005) compared with the PF group in multivariable analyses. Propensity score matching identified 294 patients in each cohort and confirmed that TPF was associated with significantly improved 5-year OS (88.1% vs. 80.7%; P = 0.042), DSS (88.5% vs. 80.7%; P = 0.021) and DMFS (87.9% vs. 78.6%; P = 0.012) rates compared with the PF group. There were no significant differences in locoregional relapse-free survival before or after matching.. In our study, IC with the TPF regimen combined with CCRT showed improved long-term survival for the patients with locoregionally advanced NPC compared with the PF regimen. However, a prospective randomized clinical trial to validate these findings is necessary.

Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chemoradiotherapy; Cisplatin; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Induction Chemotherapy; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nausea; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neutropenia; Propensity Score; Retrospective Studies; Taxoids; Vomiting