tanshinone-ii-a-sodium-sulfonate and Cognitive-Dysfunction

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a most common neurodegenerative disease. Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate (STS) has been reported to ameliorate AD pathology. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, AD transgenic mouse model (APP/PS1) was used to explore the potential mechanism of STS against AD. Morris water maze and Y-maze tests showed that administration of STS improved learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 mice. STS reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, while improved the activity of superoxide dismutase in both hippocampus and cortex in APP/PS1 mice. STS inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase, while improved the activity of choline acetyltransferase in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, STS elevated the protein expressions of neurotrophic factors and synapse-related proteins in both the hippocampus and cortex in APP/PS1 mice. At last, STS improved the protein expressions of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). These results indicated that the potential mechanism of STS on AD might be related to Aβ transportation function via GLUT1/LRP1 pathway. HIGHLIGHTS: STS improves cognitive impairment of APP/PS1 mice. STS ameliorates the oxidative stress damage and improves the cholinergic system. STS protects against neuronal dysfunction and enhances the synaptic plasticity. STS mediates the Aβ transportation of BMECs.

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose Transporter Type 1; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Phenanthrenes

Sodium Tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) is a derivative of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA). Tan IIA has been reported to possess neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether STS possesses effect on AD remains unclear. This study aims to estimate whether STS could protect against scopolamine- (SCOP-) induced learning and memory deficit in Kunming mice. Morris water maze results showed that oral administration of STS (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) and Donepezil shortened escape latency, increased crossing times of the original position of the platform, and increased the time spent in the target quadrant. STS decreased the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and increased the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the hippocampus and cortex of SCOP-treated mice. Oxidative stress results showed that STS increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hippocampus and cortex. In addition, western blot was carried out to detect the expression of apoptosis related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3). STS upregulated the protein expression of Bcl-2 and downregulated the proteins expression of Bax and Caspase-3. These results indicated that STS might become a promising therapeutic candidate for attenuating AD-like pathological dysfunction.

Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Hippocampus; Humans; Learning Disabilities; Maze Learning; Mice; Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System; Oxidative Stress; Phenanthrenes; Scopolamine