tannins and Hepatitis-B

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carrier State; Glucosides; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Humans; Hydrolyzable Tannins; Male; Middle Aged; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Tannins

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health problem that threatens the health of human. Tannic acid (TA), a natural polyphenol in foods, fruits, and plants, exhibits a variety of bioactive functions. In our research, we decide to explore the pharmacological mechanism of TA against HBV replication. Our results showed that TA effectively reduced the content of HBV DNA and viral antigens (HBsAg and HBeAg) in HepG2.2.15 cells. Meanwhile, TA significantly decreased the mRNA expression of HBV RNA, which include total HBV RNA, HBV pregenomic RNA, and HBV precore mRNA. Besides, TA evidently downregulated the activity of HBV promoters in HepG2.2.15 cells. Furthermore, we found that TA upregulated the expression of IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-α, and IFN-α-mediated antiviral effectors in HepG2.2.15 cells. On the contrary, TA downregulated the expression of IL-10 and hepatic nuclear factor 4 (HNF4α). In addition, TA activated the NF-κB and MAPK pathways that contributed to the inhibition of HBV replication. Finally, TA treatment led to the occurrence of autophagy, which accelerated the elimination of HBV components in HepG2.2.15 cells. Taken together, our results elucidated the suppressive effect of TA on HBV replication and provided inspiration for its clinical application in HBV treatment.

Topics: Autophagy; DNA, Viral; Hep G2 Cells; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; NF-kappa B; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tannins; Virus Replication

Radioactive cores were prepared from concentrated Dane particles by DNA polymerase reaction followed by CsCl density gradient centrifugation. Two radioactive peaks were obtained: one peak with an average density of 1.36 g/cm-3 in CsCl contained cores that possessed full serologic reactivity; the other peak, with a density of 1.28 to 1.32 g/cm-3, contained cores associated with globulin. A double antibody immunoprecipitation test was developed, using the radioactive heavy cores as a source of antigen. The test was at least 300 times as sensitive as complement fixation for detecting antibody to core.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral; Carrier State; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Complement Fixation Tests; DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; Epitopes; Erythrocytes; Goats; Hemagglutination Tests; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Antibodies; Hepatitis B Antigens; Humans; Immune Sera; Pan troglodytes; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Radioimmunoassay; Tannins; Thymidine; Tritium

Hepatitis tb surface antigen (HBsAg) was isolated from human serum by two steps of affinity chromatography on antibody-coated gels. HBsAg-positive serum was passed through a column packed with guinea pig anti-HBsAg antibodies covalently bound to CNBr-activated beaded agarose gel. The majority of non-specifically bound proteins was removed by washing the gel with increased concentrations (0.5 M) of NaCl in Tris buffer. Elution of the specifically bound HBsAg was carried out with 3 M NaSCN. Residual normal human serum proteins present in the eluate were removed by passing the partially purified HBsAg through an immunoadsorbent coated with rabbit antibodies directed against human serum proteins. After this treatment normal human serum proteins could no longer be demonstrated by passive hemagglutination in the isolated HBsAg. Cross-reactions between HBsAg and normal human serum proteins could not be demonstrated. Both antibody-coated immunoadsorbents could be used over ten times without significant loss of their binding capacity.

Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Adsorption; Animals; Blood Proteins; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, Affinity; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Cyanogen Bromide; Erythrocytes; gamma-Globulins; Guinea Pigs; Hemagglutination Tests; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Antibodies; Hepatitis B Antigens; Immunodiffusion; Methods; Sepharose; Tannins

The structural polypeptides of HBsAg were shown to be immunogenic in guinea pigs. Purified 22-nm forms of the ad and any subtypes of HBsAg were solubilized under reducing conditions and electrophoresed in SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Individual polypeptides isolated from both HBsAg/ad and HBsAg/ay subtypes were used to hyperimmunize guinea pigs using Freund's complete adjuvant. All animals produced specific antibodies against native HBsAg as determined by complement fixation, passive hemagglutination, and double-antibody radioimmunoprecipitation assays. Each polypeptide contained within its structure the group-specific HBsAg determinant, a. Equilibrium competitive inhibition studies were conducted to determine the relative affinities of antisera produced against the major HBsAg polypeptides P-1, P-2, and P-6 (23,000, 29,000, and 72,000 daltons, respectively).

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antibody Specificity; Binding, Competitive; Carrier State; Cell Membrane; Complement Fixation Tests; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Erythrocytes; Guinea Pigs; Hemagglutination Tests; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Antibodies; Hepatitis B Antigens; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunochemistry; Immunoglobulin G; Iodine Radioisotopes; Isotope Labeling; Peptides; Radioimmunoassay; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Tannins

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Antitubercular Agents; Azathioprine; Blood Transfusion; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Female; Halothane; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Humans; Infant; Leukocytosis; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Penicillins; Prothrombin Time; Sulfonamides; Tannins

Topics: Animals; Chickens; Cold Temperature; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythrocytes; Haplorhini; Hemagglutination Tests; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Humans; Immune Sera; Methods; Papain; Rabbits; Sheep; Tannins