tannins and Colitis--Ulcerative

Topics: Barium; Colitis, Ulcerative; Enema; Humans; Liver Function Tests; Tannins

Tormentil extracts (TE) have antioxidative properties and are used as a complementary therapy for chronic inflammatory bowel disease. In individual patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) positive effects have been observed.. To assess the safety, pharmacology, and clinical effects of different doses of TE in patients with active UC.. Sixteen patients with active UC [clinical activity index (CAI) >/=5] received TE in escalating doses of 1200, 1800, 2400 and 3000 mg/d for 3 weeks each. Each treatment phase was followed by a 4-week washout phase. The outcome parameters were side effects, CAI, C-reactive protein, and tannin levels in patient sera.. Mild upper abdominal discomfort was experienced by 6 patients (38%), but did not require discontinuation of the medication. During therapy with 2400 mg TE per day, median CAI and C-reactive protein improved from 8 (6 to 10.75) and 8 (3 to 17.75) mg/L at baseline to 4.5 (1.75 to 6) and 3 (3 to 6) mg/L, respectively. During therapy, the CAI decreased in all patients, whereas it increased during the washout phase. Neither undegraded nor metabolized tannins could be detected by liquid-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in patient sera.. TE appeared safe up to 3000 mg/d. Tannins from TE are not systemically absorbed. The efficacy in patients with UC should be further evaluated.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; C-Reactive Protein; Chromatography, Liquid; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Middle Aged; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Potentilla; Rhizome; Severity of Illness Index; Tannins

Topics: Acute Disease; Barium Sulfate; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Contrast Media; Enema; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Radiography; Tannins

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent idiopathic disease characterized by damage to the colonic epithelial barrier and disruption of inflammatory homeostasis. At present, there is no curative therapy for UC, and the development of effective and low-cost therapies is strongly advocated.. Multiple lines of evidence support that tannic acid (TA) and berberine (BBR), two active ingredients derived from Chinese herb pair (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma), have promising therapeutic effects on colonic inflammation. This study aims to develop a targeted delivery system based on BBR/TA-based self-assemblies for the treatment of UC.. TA and BBR self-assemblies were optimized, and hyaluronic acid (HA) was coated to achieve targeted colon delivery via HA-cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) interactions. The system was systematically characterized and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model was further used to investigate the biodistribution behavior, effect and mechanism of the natural system.. TA and BBR could self-assemble into stable particles (TB) and HA-coated TB (HTB) further increased cellular uptake and accumulation in inflamed colon lesions. Treatment of HTB inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, restored expression of tight junction-associated proteins and recovered gut microbiome alteration, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects against DSS-induced acute colitis.. Our targeted strategy may provide a convenient and powerful platform for UC and reveal new modes of application of herbal combinations.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Benzopyrans; Berberine; China; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Mice; Salicylates; Tannins; Tight Junction Proteins; Tissue Distribution

To investigate and compare the preventive effects of apple polyphenols extract (APE) with phloretin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC), 60 male mice were treated with 125 or 500 mg/(kg bw d) APE or 100 mg/(kg bw d) phloretin, the single-ingredient of APE, for continuous 3 weeks by intragastric administration, meanwhile, mice were provided with 3% DSS dissolved in drinking water to induce UC during the third week. Both APE and phloretin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced UC by inhibiting body weight loss, preventing colon shortening and mucosa damage. Except the same mechanisms of the inhibited activation of NF-κB signaling, decreased hyodeoxycholic acid level and increased abundance of Verrucomicrobia at phylum and Bacteroides and Akkermansia at genus, APE increased β-muricholic acid level and decreased Bacterodetes abundance, while phloretin decreased Firmicutes abundance. Furthermore, APE treatment showed much lower disease activity index score, less body weight loss and lighter spleen than phloretin. Thus, our study supported the potentiality of APE as a promising dietary intervention for the prevention of experimental UC.

Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Chlorogenic Acid; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Dysbiosis; Flavonoids; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Tannins

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induced by dysregulation of the immune response in the intestinal mucosa. Although the underlying mechanisms of UC development are not fully understood, disruption of gut microbiota, "dysbiosis", is thought to lead to the development of IBD. Persimmon (Ebenaceae Diospyros kaki Thunb.)-derived tannin, which is a condensed polymeric tannin consisting of catechin groups, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. In this study, we assessed the effect of persimmon-derived tannin on a murine model of UC established by dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in female mice. Dietary supplementation of tannin significantly decreased disease activity and colon inflammation. A hydrolysate of tannin directly suppressed expression of inflammatory genes in macrophages in vitro. In faecal microbiota, the relative abundance of Bacteroides was increased significantly by tannin supplementation. Alpha-diversity indices in colitis-induced mice were significantly higher in the tannin diet group compared with the control diet group. Additionally, expansion of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus, which is associated with disease progression of IBD, was remarkably suppressed in the tannin diet group. These results suggest that persimmon-derived tannin ameliorates colon inflammation in UC through alteration of the microbiota composition and immune response, which may be a promising candidate for IBD therapy.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dietary Supplements; Diospyros; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Intestinal Mucosa; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Tannins

Curcumin (CUR) is a promising edible phytochemical compound with ideal ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment activity; however, it is characteristically instable in the digestive tract and has a short retention time in colon. Therefore, we designed and fabricated an oral food-grade nanocarrier composed of tannic acid (TA)-coated, Genipin (Gnp)-crosslinked human serum albumin (HSA) to encapsulate CUR (TA/CUR-NPs). The resulting CUR nanoparticles (NPs) were about 220 nm and -28.8 mV. With the assistance of TA layer and Gnp-crosslinking, the entire nano-scaled system effectively delayed CUR release in simulated gastric fluid, prolonged its colon adhesion and increased its uptake in Caco-2 cells. As expected, TA/CUR-NPs oral administration significantly alleviated colitis symptoms in DSS-treated mice when compared with controls by inhibiting the TLR4-linked NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, this study indicates that we have developed a convenient, eco-friendly, nano-scaled vehicle for oral delivery of CUR with anti-UC benefit.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Caco-2 Cells; Colitis, Ulcerative; Curcumin; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Iridoids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nanoparticles; Serum Albumin, Human; Tannins

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Carriers; Drug Compounding; Female; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Mice; Nanoparticles; Polyethylene Glycols; Polyphenols; Signal Transduction; Tannins; Tissue Distribution; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Xipayi Kui Jie'an (KJA), a type of traditional Uygur medicine (TUM), has shown promising therapeutic effects in Ulcerative colitis (UC). Owing to the complexity of TUM, the pharmacological mechanism of KJA remains vague. Therefore, the identification of complex molecular mechanisms is a major challenge and a new method is urgently needed to address this problem. In this study, we established a feasible pharmacological model based on systems pharmacology to identify potential compounds and targets. We also applied compound-target and target-diseases network analysis to evaluate the action mechanisms. According to the predicted results, 12 active compounds were selected and these compounds were also identified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The main components were tannins, this result is consistent with the prediction. The active compounds interacted with 22 targets. Two targets including PTGS2 and PPARG were demonstrated to be the main targets associated with UC. Systematic analysis of the constructed networks revealed that these targets were mainly involved in NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, KJA could also regulate the CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells. In conclusion, this systems pharmacology-based approach not only explained that KJA could alleviate the UC by regulating its candidate targets, but also gave new insights into the potential novel therapeutic strategies for UC.

Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colitis, Ulcerative; Enema; Immunologic Factors; Male; Mice; Plant Extracts; Quercus; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Systems Biology; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tannins

Aggressive pharmacotherapeutic and surgical measures are often contra-indicated in the treatment of colitis ulcerosa in pregnancy. Especially in the sensitive embryonal development phase, the use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, chemotherapeutics and ACTH is considered questionable. The subtotal colectomies and ileostomies often demanded in toxically dramatic colitides place a considerable burden on mother and foetus. A conservative therapeutic regimen, which has been successfully used in more than 80 patients with inflammatory intestinal diseases, was modified to suit the requirements of pregnancy. This is a combination therapy involving parenteral feeding, food which can be absorbed by the intestinal walls, and a suitably adapted pharmacotherapy. In one case of a severe toxic relapse of colitis ulcerosa during early pregnancy, remission was achieved in a patient while fully maintaining the pregnancy.

Topics: Adult; Blood Transfusion; Colitis, Ulcerative; Female; Humans; Iron; Parenteral Nutrition; Prednisolone; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Tannins

Topics: Barium Sulfate; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Feces; Humans; Radiography; Tannins

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Barium Sulfate; Child; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Colonic Diseases; Diatrizoate; Disposable Equipment; Enema; Humans; Methods; Middle Aged; Poliomyelitis; Posture; Radiography; Tannins