Page last updated: 2024-11-04

sumatriptan and Ache

sumatriptan has been researched along with Ache in 55 studies

Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Results from The Spectrum Study suggested that early treatment of migraine attacks with sumatriptan 50-mg tablets while the pain is mild might enhance pain-free response and reduce headache recurrence."	10.19	Effect of early intervention with sumatriptan on migraine pain: retrospective analyses of data from three clinical trials. ( Cady, RK; Crisp, A; Jones, M; Lipton, RB; McNeal, S; Metz, A; O'Quinn, S; Putnam, DG; Sheftell, F, 2000)
"Sumatriptan, a drug widely used to alleviate migraine headaches, has several somatosensory adverse effects, including tactile allodynia."	9.17	A pharmaco-fMRI study on pain networks induced by electrical stimulation after sumatriptan injection. ( Chenwang, J; Dan, L; Ming, Z; Netra, R; Shaohui, M; Yuan, W, 2013)
" The present study examined the effectiveness of a 5-HT1A/1B/1D receptor agonist, sumatriptan, on pain relief in patients with trigeminal neuralgia."	9.12	Sumatriptan alleviates pain in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. ( Hoka, S; Kanai, A; Osawa, S; Suzuki, A, 2006)
"In the intention to treat group, two hour pain free rates were 16%, 40%, and 50% in the placebo group, sumatriptan 50 mg group, and the sumatriptan 100 mg group respectively (p < 0."	9.12	Pain free efficacy of sumatriptan in the early treatment of migraine. ( Ahmad, FE; Becker, WJ; Christie, SN; Jelinski, SE; Pryse-Phillips, W; Simpson, SD, 2006)
"Two studies were conducted comparing the time to onset of relief from moderate or severe migraine pain with the fast-disintegrating/rapid-release formulation of sumatriptan tablets 50 and 100 mg and placebo."	9.11	Two replicate randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of the time to onset of pain relief in the acute treatment of migraine with a fast-disintegrating/rapid-release formulation of sumatriptan tablets. ( Agosti, R; Barrett, PS; Brandes, JL; Dahlöf, CG; Jones, MW; Sheftell, FD, 2005)
"To investigate the hypothesis that early treatment of a migraine attack with sumatriptan, while pain is still mild, results in higher pain free rates in comparison to delayed treatment, when pain is at least moderate, we performed a prospective, controlled and open label study."	9.11	Early treatment of a migraine attack while pain is still mild increases the efficacy of sumatriptan. ( Banik, N; Moeckesch, B; Schellenberg, R; Scholpp, J, 2004)
"To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sumatriptan, 50-mg and 100-mg tablets, compared with placebo for treatment of migraine at the first sign of pain."	9.10	Pain-free results with sumatriptan taken at the first sign of migraine pain: 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. ( Kwong, J; Mannix, LK; McNeal, S; O'Quinn, S; Putnam, DG; Richardson, MS; Winner, P, 2003)
" Nitroglycerin (NTG) administration commonly causes a headache with some features similar to those of a migraine."	9.09	The pharmacodynamics of sumatriptan in nitroglycerin-induced headache. ( Forrest, A; Fullerton, T; Gengo, FM; Komorowski-Swiatek, D, 1999)
"A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and tolerability of sumatriptan in patients with atypical facial pain."	9.08	A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, study to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous sumatriptan in the treatment of atypical facial pain. ( al Balawi, S; Feinmann, C; Tariq, M, 1996)
"The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of subcutaneous sumatriptan in the acute treatment of cluster headache were investigated in a multicenter study over a period of up to 1 year."	9.08	Acute therapy for cluster headache with sumatriptan: findings of a one-year long-term study. ( Deuschl, G; Göbel, H; Heinze, A; Lindner, V; Ribbat, M, 1998)
"To demonstrate that sumatriptan may induce activation or aggravation of pain at sites of inflammation caused by trauma or disease."	7.72	Activation of pain by sumatriptan. ( Clark, DW; Coulter, DM; Passier, JL; van Puijenbroek, EP, 2003)
"Results from The Spectrum Study suggested that early treatment of migraine attacks with sumatriptan 50-mg tablets while the pain is mild might enhance pain-free response and reduce headache recurrence."	6.19	Effect of early intervention with sumatriptan on migraine pain: retrospective analyses of data from three clinical trials. ( Cady, RK; Crisp, A; Jones, M; Lipton, RB; McNeal, S; Metz, A; O'Quinn, S; Putnam, DG; Sheftell, F, 2000)
"Our data suggest that sumatriptan reduces central sensitization (secondary hyperalgesia) without modulating peripheral sensitization (primary hyperalgesia) in a human pain model of capsaicin-induced sensitization."	5.51	Sumatriptan prevents central sensitization specifically in the trigeminal dermatome in humans. ( Basedau, H; Jürgens, T; May, A; Ortlieb, L; Peng, KP, 2022)
"This review was designated to evaluate the efficacy of parenteral ketorolac in treating acute migraine headache."	5.22	Efficacy of ketorolac in the treatment of acute migraine attack: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Abu Bakar, MA; Baharuddin, KA; Norhayati, MN; Nurathirah, MN; Yazid, MB, 2022)
"Sumatriptan, a drug widely used to alleviate migraine headaches, has several somatosensory adverse effects, including tactile allodynia."	5.17	A pharmaco-fMRI study on pain networks induced by electrical stimulation after sumatriptan injection. ( Chenwang, J; Dan, L; Ming, Z; Netra, R; Shaohui, M; Yuan, W, 2013)
" The present study examined the effectiveness of a 5-HT1A/1B/1D receptor agonist, sumatriptan, on pain relief in patients with trigeminal neuralgia."	5.12	Sumatriptan alleviates pain in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. ( Hoka, S; Kanai, A; Osawa, S; Suzuki, A, 2006)
"In the intention to treat group, two hour pain free rates were 16%, 40%, and 50% in the placebo group, sumatriptan 50 mg group, and the sumatriptan 100 mg group respectively (p < 0."	5.12	Pain free efficacy of sumatriptan in the early treatment of migraine. ( Ahmad, FE; Becker, WJ; Christie, SN; Jelinski, SE; Pryse-Phillips, W; Simpson, SD, 2006)
"The aim of this study was to determine whether clinical indicators of cutaneous allodynia predict the success of migraine therapy with sumatriptan using a brief questionnaire."	5.12	Clarification of developing and established clinical allodynia and pain-free outcomes. ( Landy, SH; McDonald, SA; McGinnis, JE, 2007)
"To investigate the hypothesis that early treatment of a migraine attack with sumatriptan, while pain is still mild, results in higher pain free rates in comparison to delayed treatment, when pain is at least moderate, we performed a prospective, controlled and open label study."	5.11	Early treatment of a migraine attack while pain is still mild increases the efficacy of sumatriptan. ( Banik, N; Moeckesch, B; Schellenberg, R; Scholpp, J, 2004)
"Two studies were conducted comparing the time to onset of relief from moderate or severe migraine pain with the fast-disintegrating/rapid-release formulation of sumatriptan tablets 50 and 100 mg and placebo."	5.11	Two replicate randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of the time to onset of pain relief in the acute treatment of migraine with a fast-disintegrating/rapid-release formulation of sumatriptan tablets. ( Agosti, R; Barrett, PS; Brandes, JL; Dahlöf, CG; Jones, MW; Sheftell, FD, 2005)
"To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sumatriptan, 50-mg and 100-mg tablets, compared with placebo for treatment of migraine at the first sign of pain."	5.10	Pain-free results with sumatriptan taken at the first sign of migraine pain: 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. ( Kwong, J; Mannix, LK; McNeal, S; O'Quinn, S; Putnam, DG; Richardson, MS; Winner, P, 2003)
" Nitroglycerin (NTG) administration commonly causes a headache with some features similar to those of a migraine."	5.09	The pharmacodynamics of sumatriptan in nitroglycerin-induced headache. ( Forrest, A; Fullerton, T; Gengo, FM; Komorowski-Swiatek, D, 1999)
"A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and tolerability of sumatriptan in patients with atypical facial pain."	5.08	A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, study to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous sumatriptan in the treatment of atypical facial pain. ( al Balawi, S; Feinmann, C; Tariq, M, 1996)
"The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of subcutaneous sumatriptan in the acute treatment of cluster headache were investigated in a multicenter study over a period of up to 1 year."	5.08	Acute therapy for cluster headache with sumatriptan: findings of a one-year long-term study. ( Deuschl, G; Göbel, H; Heinze, A; Lindner, V; Ribbat, M, 1998)
"Sumatriptan and the ergot alkaloids are useful tools for deciphering drug mechanisms in migraine and related headaches."	4.78	Neurogenic versus vascular mechanisms of sumatriptan and ergot alkaloids in migraine. ( Moskowitz, MA, 1992)
"The selective 5-HT₁ receptor agonist sumatriptan is an effective therapeutic for migraine pain yet the antimigraine mechanisms of action remain controversial."	3.78	Sumatriptan inhibition of N-type calcium channel mediated signaling in dural CGRP terminal fibres. ( Ahn, AH; Baillie, LD; Mulligan, SJ, 2012)
"Subjects with persistent interictal pain were more likely to have chronic cluster, allodynia, and suboptimal response to sumatriptan, suggesting that interictal pain in cluster headache may predict a more severe disease process."	3.76	Interictal pain in cluster headache. ( Marmura, MJ; Pello, SJ; Young, WB, 2010)
" This analysis examined productivity loss as a result of migraine after treatment with sumatriptan tablets and patients' usual non-triptan therapy when pain was mild (early intervention) versus when pain was moderate/severe."	3.73	The effect of early intervention with sumatriptan tablets on migraine-associated productivity loss. ( Adelman, JU; Kwong, WJ; Taylor, FR, 2005)
"To demonstrate that sumatriptan may induce activation or aggravation of pain at sites of inflammation caused by trauma or disease."	3.72	Activation of pain by sumatriptan. ( Clark, DW; Coulter, DM; Passier, JL; van Puijenbroek, EP, 2003)
"Early treatment of migraine with sumatriptan 50 mg and 100 mg, while pain is mild, has been reported to enhance pain-free response 2 hours and 4 hours postdose and sustained pain-free response 2 to 24 hours postdose compared with treatment when pain has become moderate to severe."	3.71	Economic implications of early treatment of migraine with sumatriptan tablets. ( Cady, RK; Kwong, WJ; Lipton, RB; O'Quinn, S; Sheftell, F, 2001)
" The purpose of our study was to evaluate the impact of sumatriptan on the quality of life of patients with migraine headaches."	3.69	Quality of life assessment among migraine patients treated with sumatriptan. ( Genzen, JR; Skobieranda, FG; Solomon, GD, 1995)
"2hPF rates were higher for attacks treated when pain was mild vs moderate or severe: ubrogepant 50 mg (47."	3.11	Efficacy of Ubrogepant in the Acute Treatment of Migraine With Mild Pain vs Moderate or Severe Pain. ( Adams, AM; Burstein, R; Dodick, DW; Finnegan, M; Goadsby, PJ; Kuang, AW; Lai, J; Lipton, RB; Trugman, JM; Yu, SY, 2022)
"4% (16/119) who received placebo experienced at least 1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), the most common of which were injection site swelling (7."	2.87	Efficacy and safety of DFN-11 (sumatriptan injection, 3 mg) in adults with episodic migraine: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Brand-Schieber, E; Landy, S; Munjal, S; Rapoport, AM, 2018)
"In the treatment of migraine attacks with 6 mg subcutaneous sumatriptan the number needed to treat (NNT) is 2."	2.82	[Sumatriptan 3 mg subcutaneous : Clinical relevance of acute treatment of migraine despite dose reduction]. ( Förderreuther, S; Gaul, C, 2022)
"Headache response or headache relief (i."	2.78	Efficacy endpoints in migraine clinical trials: the importance of assessing freedom from pain. ( Farr, SJ; Marmura, MJ; Nahas, SJ; Newman, LC; Silberstein, SD, 2013)
"Sumatriptan was beneficial for 13 out of 14 newly diagnosed CFS migraine subjects."	2.76	Migraine headaches in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): comparison of two prospective cross-sectional studies. ( Baraniuk, JN; Merck, SJ; Ravindran, MK; Timbol, C; Zheng, Y, 2011)
"Oral sumatriptan is an effective acute treatment for migraine in adults, but its efficacy in children is still undetermined."	2.68	Sumatriptan for migraine attacks in children: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Do children with migraine respond to oral sumatriptan differently from adults? ( Hämäläinen, ML; Hoppu, K; Santavuori, P, 1997)
"Although headache is among the most common pain complaints seen by physicians, the measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in headache patients is in its earliest stages."	2.40	Evolution of the measurement of quality of life in migraine. ( Solomon, GD, 1997)
" Cluster headache is not optimally treated and few clinical trials are available to model therapy, especially dosing and administration."	1.72	Cluster Headache: Opportunities for Pharmacists to Improve Care. ( Clark, AS; Smith, TR; Wenzel, R, 2022)
"Pretreatment with propranolol or nor-BNI prior to restraint stress prevented both transient cutaneous allodynia and priming, demonstrated by a lack of umbellulone-induced cutaneous allodynia."	1.62	A novel, injury-free rodent model of vulnerability for assessment of acute and preventive therapies reveals temporal contributions of CGRP-receptor activation in migraine-like pain. ( Chessell, IP; Dodick, DW; Kopruszinski, CM; Navratilova, E; Porreca, F; Swiokla, J, 2021)
"Characterization of headache and pain related behaviours included assessment of cutaneous tactile pain sensitivity, using von Frey monofilaments, and ongoing pain using the conditioned place preference or aversion (CPP/CPA) paradigms."	1.48	Development of CGRP-dependent pain and headache related behaviours in a rat model of concussion: Implications for mechanisms of post-traumatic headache. ( Bree, D; Levy, D, 2018)
"Most pharmacological trials deal with migraine as if it were a clinically homogeneous disease, and when detailing its characteristics, they usually report only the presence, or absence, of aura and attack frequency but provide no information on pain location, a non-trivial clinical detail."	1.42	Pharmacological trials in migraine: it's time to reappraise where the headache is and what the pain is like. ( Barbanti, P; Egeo, G, 2015)
"Migraine is a common neurological disorder often treated with triptans."	1.36	Triptan-induced enhancement of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in trigeminal ganglion dural afferents underlies increased responsiveness to potential migraine triggers. ( Andrews, JS; Chichorro, J; De Felice, M; Dodick, D; Dussor, G; Lai, J; Maddaford, S; Meng, ID; Ossipov, MH; Porreca, F; Rakhit, S; Wang, R, 2010)
"There was no difference in the treatments used or pain relief achieved between migraine, migrainous, and tension-type headaches."	1.35	Pain treatment and relief among patients with primary headache subtypes in the ED. ( Miner, J; Trainor, A, 2008)
"This may lead to misdiagnosis as migraine and delayed appropriate diagnosis and treatment."	1.33	The risks of sumatriptan administration in patients with unrecognized subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). ( Keller, H; Pfadenhauer, K; Schönsteiner, T, 2006)
"For many migraine patients, triptan therapy provides complete pain relief in some attacks but not in others."	1.32	Defeating migraine pain with triptans: a race against the development of cutaneous allodynia. ( Burstein, R; Collins, B; Jakubowski, M, 2004)
"The other two had migraine without aura."	1.30	Recurrent neck pain as a variant of migraine: description of four cases. ( Accornero, N; De Marinis, M, 1997)
"Zolmitriptan is a newly developed 5HT1B/1D receptor agonist with both peripheral and central sites of action in the trigeminovascular system due to greater lipophilicity relative to the more hydrophilic antimigraine compound sumatriptan."	1.30	Comparison of more and less lipophilic serotonin (5HT1B/1D) agonists in a model of trigeminovascular nociception in cat. ( Goadsby, PJ; Hoskin, KL, 1998)

Research

Studies (55)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	12 (21.82)	18.2507
2000's	22 (40.00)	29.6817
2010's	14 (25.45)	24.3611
2020's	7 (12.73)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Gaul, C	1
Förderreuther, S	1
Nurathirah, MN	1
Yazid, MB	1
Norhayati, MN	1
Baharuddin, KA	1
Abu Bakar, MA	1
Lipton, RB	3
Dodick, DW	2
Goadsby, PJ	3
Burstein, R	3
Adams, AM	1
Lai, J	2
Yu, SY	1
Finnegan, M	1
Kuang, AW	1
Trugman, JM	1
Peng, KP	1
Jürgens, T	1
Basedau, H	1
Ortlieb, L	1
May, A	1
Tfelt-Hansen, P	1
Diener, HC	1
Kopruszinski, CM	1
Navratilova, E	1
Swiokla, J	1
Chessell, IP	1
Porreca, F	2
Wenzel, R	1
Smith, TR	1
Clark, AS	1
Rea, BJ	1
Wattiez, AS	1
Waite, JS	1
Castonguay, WC	1
Schmidt, CM	1
Fairbanks, AM	1
Robertson, BR	1
Brown, CJ	1
Mason, BN	1
Moldovan-Loomis, MC	1
Garcia-Martinez, LF	1
Poolman, P	1
Ledolter, J	1
Kardon, RH	1
Sowers, LP	1
Russo, AF	1
Landy, S	1
Munjal, S	1
Brand-Schieber, E	1
Rapoport, AM	1
Silberstein, SD	1
Newman, LC	1
Marmura, MJ	2
Nahas, SJ	1
Farr, SJ	1
Yang, LP	1
Barbanti, P	1
Egeo, G	1
Bree, D	1
Levy, D	1
Nikai, T	1
Basbaum, AI	1
Ahn, AH	2
Trainor, A	1
Miner, J	1
De Felice, M	1
Ossipov, MH	1
Wang, R	1
Dussor, G	1
Meng, ID	1
Chichorro, J	1
Andrews, JS	1
Rakhit, S	1
Maddaford, S	1
Dodick, D	1
Watanabe, Y	1
Tanaka, H	1
Dan, I	1
Sakurai, K	1
Kimoto, K	1
Takashima, R	1
Hirata, K	1
Pello, SJ	1
Young, WB	1
Agrawal, V	1
Gupta, V	1
Ramteke, S	1
Trivedi, P	1
Ravindran, MK	1
Zheng, Y	1
Timbol, C	1
Merck, SJ	1
Baraniuk, JN	1
Mitsikostas, DD	2
Knight, YE	1
Lasalandra, M	1
Kavantzas, N	1
Baillie, LD	1
Mulligan, SJ	1
Yuan, W	1
Dan, L	1
Netra, R	1
Shaohui, M	1
Chenwang, J	1
Ming, Z	1
Sanchez del Rio, M	1
Waeber, C	1
Kayser, V	1
Aubel, B	1
Hamon, M	1
Bourgoin, S	1
Benedetti, F	1
Pollo, A	1
Lopiano, L	1
Lanotte, M	1
Vighetti, S	1
Rainero, I	1
Coulter, DM	1
Passier, JL	1
Clark, DW	1
van Puijenbroek, EP	1
Winner, P	1
Mannix, LK	1
Putnam, DG	2
McNeal, S	2
Kwong, J	1
O'Quinn, S	3
Richardson, MS	1
Jakubowski, M	2
Collins, B	1
Iizuka, T	1
Sakai, F	1
Scholpp, J	1
Schellenberg, R	1
Moeckesch, B	1
Banik, N	1
Sheftell, FD	1
Dahlöf, CG	1
Brandes, JL	1
Agosti, R	1
Jones, MW	1
Barrett, PS	1
Kwong, WJ	2
Taylor, FR	1
Adelman, JU	1
Pfadenhauer, K	1
Schönsteiner, T	1
Keller, H	1
Jelinski, SE	1
Becker, WJ	1
Christie, SN	1
Ahmad, FE	1
Pryse-Phillips, W	1
Simpson, SD	1
Kanai, A	1
Suzuki, A	1
Osawa, S	1
Hoka, S	1
Landy, SH	1
McGinnis, JE	1
McDonald, SA	1
Anisimov, VV	1
Maas, HJ	1
Danhof, M	1
Della Pasqua, O	1
Krämer, HH	1
Lundblad, L	1
Birklein, F	1
Linde, M	1
Karlsson, T	1
Elam, M	1
Olausson, H	1
Solomon, GD	2
Skobieranda, FG	1
Genzen, JR	1
al Balawi, S	1
Tariq, M	1
Feinmann, C	1
Roberts-Thomson, I	1
Argyrides, J	1
Pannall, P	1
Frewin, D	1
Hämäläinen, ML	1
Hoppu, K	1
Santavuori, P	1
De Marinis, M	1
Accornero, N	1
Hoskin, KL	1
Göbel, H	1
Lindner, V	1
Heinze, A	1
Ribbat, M	1
Deuschl, G	1
Fullerton, T	1
Komorowski-Swiatek, D	1
Forrest, A	1
Gengo, FM	1
Jain, NK	2
Kulkarni, SK	2
Cady, RK	2
Sheftell, F	2
Jones, M	1
Crisp, A	1
Metz, A	1
Miyazaki, T	1
Moskowitz, MA	1

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Extension Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Tolerability of Oral Ubrogepant in the Acute Treatment of Migraine With or Without Aura[NCT02873221]	Phase 3	1,254 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-13	Completed
[NCT02569853]	Phase 3	268 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-21	Completed
A Randomized, Single-Center, Double-Blind, Parallel, Sham-Controlled Study of Gammacore Sapphire (Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulator) for the Acute and Preventive Treatment of Post-Traumatic Headache (GAP-PTH)[NCT04071743]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-01	Withdrawn (stopped due to Primary Investigator left UT Southwestern and was not replaced.)
Identify Unique Set of Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid, Which Are Believed to be Found in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Participants, But Not in Healthy Controls.[NCT00810329]		160 participants (Actual)	Observational	2007-07-31	Completed
Placebo Effect in Children With Attention Deficit Disorder and/or Hyperactivity Disorder[NCT04766580]		44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-02-17	Recruiting
A Phase 2a Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of NXN-188 for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Attacks With Aura[NCT00877838]	Phase 2	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-05-31	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Percentage of Participants With at Least 1 Treatment Emergent Adverse Event

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation participant administered a pharmaceutical product and that does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not related to the medicinal (investigational) product. TEAEs are AEs with an onset that occurs after receiving study drug. (NCT02873221)
Timeframe: 56 Weeks

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Usual Care	65
Ubrogepant 50 mg	66.3
Ubrogepant 100 mg	72.6

Number of Participants Experiencing Suicidal Ideation or Suicidal Behavior Based on Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) Using 5-Point Scales

"On the C-SSRS, the 5 types of suicidal ideation are:~Type 1: Wish to be dead Type 2: Non-specific active suicidal thoughts Type 3: Active suicidal ideation with any methods (not plan) without intent to act Type 4: Active suicidal ideation with some intent to act, without specific plan Type 5: Active suicidal ideation with specific plan and intent" (NCT02873221)
Timeframe: 56 Weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Suicidal Ideation	Suicidal Behavior
Ubrogepant 100 mg	2	0
Ubrogepant 50 mg	3	0
Usual Care	5	0

Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Electrocardiograms (ECGs) Findings

ECG findings considered potentially clinically significant (PCS) meeting either the lower-limit or higher-limit PCS criteria. (NCT02873221)
Timeframe: 56 Weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	PR interval (msec) PR >= 250	QRS interval (msec) QRS >= 150	QTc Bazett (msec) QTcB > 500	QTc Bazett (msec) Increase > 60 (msec)	QTc Fridericia (msec) QTcF > 500	QTc Fridericia (msec) Increase > 60 (msec)
Ubrogepant 100 mg	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ubrogepant 50 mg	0	1	0	1	0	0
Usual Care	0	1	0	0	0	1

Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Laboratory Values

Hematology, Chemistry and Urinalysis results considered potentially clinically significant (PCS) meeting either the lower-limit or higher-limit PCS criteria. (NCT02873221)
Timeframe: 56 Weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Basophils Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) >2×ULN	Eosinophils Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) >2×ULN	Hematocrit (RATIO) <0.9×LLN	Hematocrit (RATIO) >1.1×ULN	Hemoglobin (g/L) <0.9×LLN	Hemoglobin (g/L) >1.1×ULN	Lymphocytes Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) <0.7×LLN	Lymphocytes Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) >1.3×ULN	Monocytes Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) <0.5×LLN	Monocytes Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) >2×ULN	Neutrophils Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) <0.7×LLN	Neutrophils Absolute Cell Count (10**9/L) >1.3×ULN	Platelet Count (Thrombocytes) (10**9/L) <0.5×LLN	Platelet Count (Thrombocytes) (10**9/L) >1.5×ULN	Red Blood Cell Count (10**12/L) <0.9×LLN	Red Blood Cell Count (10**12/L) >1.1×ULN	White Blood Cell Count (10**9/L) <0.9×LLN	White Blood Cell Count (10**9/L) >1.5×ULN	Alanine Aminotransferase (SGPT) (U/L) >3×ULN	Albumin (g/L) <0.8×LLN	Albumin (g/L) >1.2×ULN	Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L) >3×ULN	Aspartate Aminotransferase (SGOT) (U/L) >3×ULN	Bicarbonate (HCO3) (mmol/L) <0.9×LLN	Bicarbonate (HCO3) (mmol/L) >1.1×ULN	Bilirubin, Total (umol/L) >1.5×ULN	Blood Urea Nitrogen (mmol/L) >1.5×ULN	Calcium (mmol/L) <0.9×LLN	Calcium (mmol/L) >1.1×ULN	Chloride (mmol/L) <0.9×LLN	Chloride (mmol/L) >1.1×UL	Cholesterol, Total (mmol/L) >1.6×ULN	Creatine Kinase (U/L) >2×ULN	Creatinine (umol/L) >1.5×ULN	Glucose, Non-fasting (mmol/L) <0.8×LLN	Glucose, Non-fasting (mmol/L) >2×ULN	Lactate Dehydrogenase (U/L) >3×ULN	Phosphorus (mmol/L) <0.9×LLN	Phosphorus (mmol/L) >1.1×ULN	Potassium (mmol/L) <0.9×LLN	Potassium (mmol/L) >1.1×ULN	Protein, Total (g/L) <0.9×LLN	Protein, Total (g/L) >1.1×ULN	Sodium (mmol/L) <0.9×LLN	Sodium (mmol/L) >1.1×ULN	Triglycerides (mmol/L) >2×ULN	Uric Acid (Urate) (umol/L) >1.2×ULN	Glucose Positive	pH (pH) <0.9×LLN	pH (pH) >1.1×ULN	Protein (g/L) Positive	Specific Gravity >1.1×ULN
Ubrogepant 100 mg	0	1	6	1	6	1	5	8	0	0	6	17	0	1	3	2	17	4	8	0	0	0	9	37	0	2	1	3	0	1	0	2	57	1	0	1	0	42	21	3	33	4	0	0	2	17	22	23	0	0	0	0
Ubrogepant 50 mg	0	0	2	0	3	0	5	6	0	0	5	14	0	2	5	2	9	2	4	1	0	0	2	22	0	4	3	1	0	0	0	1	43	1	0	1	0	38	15	1	32	2	0	0	0	20	27	17	0	0	0	0
Usual Care	0	1	3	2	7	2	11	8	0	0	6	22	0	2	1	2	17	5	4	0	0	0	2	25	0	3	6	2	0	0	0	4	56	1	0	1	0	45	21	0	28	3	0	0	0	30	26	21	0	0	0	0

Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Vital Sign Measurements

Vital sign measurements considered potentially clinically significant (PCS) meeting either the lower-limit or higher-limit PCS criteria. (NCT02873221)
Timeframe: 56 Weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	SBP (mmHg) (Sitting) <= 90 and Decrease of >= 20	SBP (mmHg) (Sitting) >= 180 and Increase of >= 20	SBP (mmHg) (Standing) <= 90 and Decrease of >= 20	SBP (mmHg) (Standing) >= 180 and Increase of >= 20	Standing - Sitting SBP (mmHg) <= -20	DBP (mmHg) (Sitting) <= 50 and Decrease of >= 15	DBP (mmHg) (Sitting) >= 105 and Increase of >= 15	DBP (mmHg) (Standing) <= 50 and Decrease of >= 15	DBP (mmHg) (Standing) >= 105 and Increase of >= 15	Standing - Sitting DBP (mmHg) <= -15	PR (beats/min) (Sitting) <= 50, Decrease of >= 15	PR (beats/min) (Sitting) >= 120, Increase of >= 15	PR (beats/min) (Standing) <= 50, Decrease of >= 15	PR (beats/min)(Standing) >= 120, Increase of >= 15	Standing - Sitting Pulse Rate (beats/min) >= 25	Weight (kg) Decrease of >= 7%	Weight (kg) Increase of >= 7%
Ubrogepant 100 mg	12	1	11	1	49	4	6	4	11	36	7	1	3	13	35	53	61
Ubrogepant 50 mg	20	0	11	0	40	5	3	4	14	42	5	2	3	9	37	48	69
Usual Care	11	0	12	0	58	6	6	5	12	38	4	1	2	14	42	58	73

The Percentage of Subjects in the Double-blind Period Who Are Pain Free at 1 Hour After Dosing as Reported by the Subject in the eDiary

(NCT02569853)
Timeframe: 1 hour

Intervention	Percentage of responders (Number)
DFN-11	34.6
Placebo	19.8

The Percentage of Subjects in the Double-blind Period Who Are Pain Free at 2 Hours After Dosing as Reported by the Subject in the eDiary

(NCT02569853)
Timeframe: 2 hours

Intervention	Percentage of responders (Number)
DFN-11 - Double-Blind	51.0
Placebo - Double-Blind	30.8

Reviews

9 reviews available for sumatriptan and Ache

Article	Year
[Sumatriptan 3 mg subcutaneous : Clinical relevance of acute treatment of migraine despite dose reduction]. Der Nervenarzt, 2022, Volume: 93, Issue:6 Topics: Drug Tapering; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Quality of Life; Sumatriptan; Tryptamines	2022
Efficacy of ketorolac in the treatment of acute migraine attack: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2022, Volume: 29, Issue:9 Topics: Caffeine; Dexamethasone; Diclofenac; Humans; Ketorolac; Metoclopramide; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Ph	2022
Onset of action in placebo-controlled migraine attacks trials: A literature review and recommendation. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2021, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic	2021
Sumatriptan/naproxen sodium: a review of its use in adult patients with migraine. Drugs, 2013, Volume: 73, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drug Combinations; Drug The	2013
[Recent progress in therapy for migraine headache]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 2004, Feb-10, Volume: 93, Issue:2 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Botulinum Toxins; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Central Nervous System; Clinical	2004
Evolution of the measurement of quality of life in migraine. Neurology, 1997, Volume: 48, Issue:3 Suppl 3 Topics: Attitude to Health; Emotions; Headache; Health Status; Humans; Mental Health; Migraine Disorders; Pa	1997
Effect of early intervention with sumatriptan on migraine pain: retrospective analyses of data from three clinical trials. Clinical therapeutics, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Placebos; R	2000
[The present situation and the prospect of pain control in this country and other countries]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2001, Volume: 59, Issue:9 Topics: Americas; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesiology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticonvulsan	2001
Neurogenic versus vascular mechanisms of sumatriptan and ergot alkaloids in migraine. Trends in pharmacological sciences, 1992, Volume: 13, Issue:8 Topics: Ergot Alkaloids; Humans; Indoles; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Serotonin	1992

Trials

19 trials available for sumatriptan and Ache

Article	Year
Efficacy of Ubrogepant in the Acute Treatment of Migraine With Mild Pain vs Moderate or Severe Pain. Neurology, 2022, 10-25, Volume: 99, Issue:17 Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Pyridines; Sumatriptan; Treatment Outc	2022
Sumatriptan prevents central sensitization specifically in the trigeminal dermatome in humans. European journal of pain (London, England), 2022, Volume: 26, Issue:10 Topics: Capsaicin; Central Nervous System Sensitization; Headache; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Migraine Disorders;	2022
Efficacy and safety of DFN-11 (sumatriptan injection, 3 mg) in adults with episodic migraine: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The journal of headache and pain, 2018, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Di	2018
Efficacy endpoints in migraine clinical trials: the importance of assessing freedom from pain. Current medical research and opinion, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:7 Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Patient Satisfaction; Research	2013
Migraine headaches in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): comparison of two prospective cross-sectional studies. BMC neurology, 2011, Mar-05, Volume: 11 Topics: Adult; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans	2011
A pharmaco-fMRI study on pain networks induced by electrical stimulation after sumatriptan injection. Experimental brain research, 2013, Volume: 226, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Brain; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; Injecti	2013
Conscious expectation and unconscious conditioning in analgesic, motor, and hormonal placebo/nocebo responses. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2003, May-15, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Analgesia; Attitude to Health; Cognition; Conditioning, Operant; Consciousness; Female; Human	2003
Pain-free results with sumatriptan taken at the first sign of migraine pain: 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2003, Volume: 78, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; M	2003
Early treatment of a migraine attack while pain is still mild increases the efficacy of sumatriptan. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2004, Volume: 24, Issue:11 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chi-Square Distribution; Confidence Intervals; Drug Administration Schedule	2004
Two replicate randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of the time to onset of pain relief in the acute treatment of migraine with a fast-disintegrating/rapid-release formulation of sumatriptan tablets. Clinical therapeutics, 2005, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Area Under Curve; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind M	2005
Pain free efficacy of sumatriptan in the early treatment of migraine. The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 2006, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Serotonin R	2006
Sumatriptan alleviates pain in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. The Clinical journal of pain, 2006, Volume: 22, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Pain Measuremen	2006
Clarification of developing and established clinical allodynia and pain-free outcomes. Headache, 2007, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mid	2007
Activation of the cortical pain network by soft tactile stimulation after injection of sumatriptan. Pain, 2007, Dec-15, Volume: 133, Issue:1-3 Topics: Adult; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Imag	2007
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, study to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous sumatriptan in the treatment of atypical facial pain. The International journal of neuroscience, 1996, Volume: 86, Issue:3-4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Middle	1996
Sumatriptan for migraine attacks in children: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Do children with migraine respond to oral sumatriptan differently from adults? Neurology, 1997, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Child; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Ma	1997
Acute therapy for cluster headache with sumatriptan: findings of a one-year long-term study. Neurology, 1998, Volume: 51, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Cluster Headache; Female; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Prospect	1998
The pharmacodynamics of sumatriptan in nitroglycerin-induced headache. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 1999, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve; Brain; Cerebral Arteries; Electrocardiography; Headac	1999
Effect of early intervention with sumatriptan on migraine pain: retrospective analyses of data from three clinical trials. Clinical therapeutics, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Placebos; R	2000

Other Studies

28 other studies available for sumatriptan and Ache

Article	Year
A novel, injury-free rodent model of vulnerability for assessment of acute and preventive therapies reveals temporal contributions of CGRP-receptor activation in migraine-like pain. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2021, Volume: 41, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice;	2021
Cluster Headache: Opportunities for Pharmacists to Improve Care. Journal of pharmacy practice, 2022, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Cluster Headache; Humans; Oxygen; Pain; Pharmacists; Sumatriptan	2022
Peripherally administered calcitonin gene-related peptide induces spontaneous pain in mice: implications for migraine. Pain, 2018, Volume: 159, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Disea	2018
Pharmacological trials in migraine: it's time to reappraise where the headache is and what the pain is like. Headache, 2015, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors; Botulinum Toxins; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Serotonin 5-HT	2015
Development of CGRP-dependent pain and headache related behaviours in a rat model of concussion: Implications for mechanisms of post-traumatic headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2018, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Behavior, Animal; Brain Concussion; Disease Models, Ani	2018
Profound reduction of somatic and visceral pain in mice by intrathecal administration of the anti-migraine drug, sumatriptan. Pain, 2008, Oct-31, Volume: 139, Issue:3 Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Carrageenan; Drug Evaluation, P	2008
Pain treatment and relief among patients with primary headache subtypes in the ED. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2008, Volume: 26, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Droperidol; Emergency Service, Hospital; Headache; Humans; Middle Aged; Pai	2008
Triptan-induced enhancement of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in trigeminal ganglion dural afferents underlies increased responsiveness to potential migraine triggers. Brain : a journal of neurology, 2010, Volume: 133, Issue:Pt 8 Topics: Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Dura Mater; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Migraine Disorders; N	2010
Monitoring cortical hemodynamic changes after sumatriptan injection during migraine attack by near-infrared spectroscopy. Neuroscience research, 2011, Volume: 69, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Hemodynamics; Hum	2011
Interictal pain in cluster headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2010, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Cluster Headache; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Sumatriptan; Surveys and Que	2010
Preparation and evaluation of tubular micelles of pluronic lecithin organogel for transdermal delivery of sumatriptan. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2010, Volume: 11, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Drug Compounding; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Stability; Gels; H	2010
Triptans attenuate capsaicin-induced CREB phosphorylation within the trigeminal nucleus caudalis: a mechanism to prevent central sensitization? The journal of headache and pain, 2011, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Capsaicin; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Hyperalgesia; Immunohistochemistry;	2011
Sumatriptan inhibition of N-type calcium channel mediated signaling in dural CGRP terminal fibres. Neuropharmacology, 2012, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Chann	2012
5-Hydroxytryptamine(1B/1D) and 5-hydroxytryptamine1F receptors inhibit capsaicin-induced c-fos immunoreactivity within mouse trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2002, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Area Postrema; Brain Stem; Capsaicin; Carbazoles; Chloralose; Cistern	2002
The antimigraine 5-HT 1B/1D receptor agonists, sumatriptan, zolmitriptan and dihydroergotamine, attenuate pain-related behaviour in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. British journal of pharmacology, 2002, Volume: 137, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Dihydroergotamine; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Migraine Disorders; Oxazolidinones; Pain;	2002
Activation of pain by sumatriptan. Headache, 2003, Volume: 43, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Prospective	2003
Analgesic triptan action in an animal model of intracranial pain: a race against the development of central sensitization. Annals of neurology, 2004, Volume: 55, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Male; Migraine Disorders; Neurons	2004
Defeating migraine pain with triptans: a race against the development of cutaneous allodynia. Annals of neurology, 2004, Volume: 55, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Humans; Injections; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; Oxazol	2004
The effect of early intervention with sumatriptan tablets on migraine-associated productivity loss. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 2005, Volume: 47, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Retrospective Studi	2005
The risks of sumatriptan administration in patients with unrecognized subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2006, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Humans; Male; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Serotonin Receptor Agonist	2006
Analysis of responses in migraine modelling using hidden Markov models. Statistics in medicine, 2007, Sep-30, Volume: 26, Issue:22 Topics: Biometry; Clinical Trials as Topic; Confidence Intervals; Humans; Markov Chains; Migraine Disorders;	2007
Quality of life assessment among migraine patients treated with sumatriptan. Headache, 1995, Volume: 35, Issue:8 Topics: Health Status; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Pain Measurement; Quality of Life; Serotonin Recept	1995
Sumatriptan and episodic pain syndromes other than migraine. Pain, 1996, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Palliative Care; Periodicity; Sumatriptan; Syndrome	1996
Recurrent neck pain as a variant of migraine: description of four cases. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1997, Volume: 62, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Carotid Arteries; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Migraine Disorders; Neck; Pain;	1997
Comparison of more and less lipophilic serotonin (5HT1B/1D) agonists in a model of trigeminovascular nociception in cat. Experimental neurology, 1998, Volume: 150, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cranial Sinuses; Electric Stimulation; Gene Expression R	1998
Antinociceptive effect of sumatriptan in mice. Indian journal of experimental biology, 1998, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Female; Male; Mice; Pain; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Sumatriptan	1998
L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, modulates cholinergic antinociception. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology, 1999, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Buspirone; Cholinergic Agents; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Inhibitors;	1999
Economic implications of early treatment of migraine with sumatriptan tablets. Clinical therapeutics, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Cost Control; Drug Costs; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Retrospective Studies; Sumatriptan; Vasoconstric	2001

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