sultamicillin and Acute-Disease

To discuss the clinical aspects and management of internal jugular vein thrombosis associated with acute otitis media.. Case reports and review of the literature.. University hospital, tertiary referral center.. The authors describe two cases of internal jugular vein thrombosis, without sigmoid sinus thrombosis, secondary to acute otomastoiditis.. Jugular vein thrombosis was diagnosed in both cases by observation of filling defects of the involved jugular bulb on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and confirmed by conventional magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance venography.. Both patients recovered after recanalization of the vessel concomitant to anticoagulation and antibiotic treatment associated with a simple mastoidectomy.. Internal jugular vein thrombosis may be a complication of acute otitis media, without involvement of the sigmoid sinus and with a starting point in the jugular bulb. Anticoagulation associated with antibiotic therapy can be considered a safe and effective treatment. Surgery should only be performed to eliminate the source of infection from the middle ear and mastoid.

Topics: Acute Disease; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticoagulants; Child; Child, Preschool; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; Humans; Jugular Veins; Male; Mastoiditis; Otitis Media; Phlebography; Sulbactam; Thrombosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Acute tonsillitis is one of the most common reasons for application to otorhinolaryngology clinics. In the treatment of acute tonsillitis, supportive therapies are mostly used. As antibiotic therapy, penicillin or erythromycin can be used. The aim of this study is to decrease the clinical recovery time of acute tonsillitis by providing parenteral treatment and daily cleaning of tonsillar lesions.. Patients with an age range of 15-60 years were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group used an i.v. combination of ampicillin + sulbactam and the tonsillar membranes of patients were cleaned daily. The second group used only the i.v. combination of ampicillin + sulbactam.. Patients who received antibiotherapy and debridement had a clinical improvement of 90% on the 2nd treatment day and 95% on the 5th treatment day. The patients receiving only antibiotics had a clinical improvement of 65% on the 5th treatment day and 75% on the 7th treatment day. The recovery time of both groups was significantly different (p < 0.05).. The solution and technique used in this clinical study showed that patients with acute tonsillitis could recover in a very short time without any complications.

Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Debridement; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sulbactam; Time Factors; Tonsillitis; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria are increasingly prevalent in hospitals and the community. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AE-COPD) often result in administration of antibiotics although more than half of exacerbations are associated with detection of respiratory viruses and potentially pathogenic bacteria can only be detected in 20-30% of cases. There is a paucity of placebo-controlled clinical trials and up to today no single study has been powered sufficiently to prove the efficacy of antibiotic treatment in AE-COPD. Most studies so far did not include current standards of care comprising administration of systemic corticosteroids.. A total of 980 patients with moderate acute exacerbations will be included in 22 German centers (hospitals and private practices). Patients will receive a standardized treatment for exacerbation including systemic corticosteroids, inhaled bronchodilators and supplementary oxygen if needed and will be randomized to additional treatment with placebo or antibiotic (oral sultamicillin) for five days.The primary endpoint is clinical failure defined by need for additional antibiotic treatment until day 30. Secondary endpoints will assure that management of AE-COPD without antibiotics does not result either in increased occurrence of relapse, new exacerbations, prolonged recovery, or unwanted long-term consequences.. ABACOPD will be the first sufficiently powered double-blind placebo-controlled study in the field to systematically assess the question whether antibiotics, known to increase antibiotic resistance, are really needed in a well-defined patient cohort receiving state-of-the art treatment in all other aspects.. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01892488.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ampicillin; Bronchodilator Agents; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypoxia; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Prednisolone; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Research Design; Sulbactam; Treatment Outcome

To study the effectiveness of low dose sultamicillin in the treatment of acute sinusitis.. A total of 108 patients, between 16-56 years of age (mean 32.8), suffering from acute sinusitis took part in the trial. Patients received orally 2 x 375 mg sultamicillin, and compared with patients receiving 3 x 500 mg amoxicillin. The first control was made between the 5th and 7th days. A patient was considered clinically cured when all pretreatment signs and symptoms of infection were eliminated. Clinical improvement was defined as the partial disappearance of pretreatment signs and symptoms. In either result, study drugs were reconstituted for additional 5 days. Failure was defined as no change or worsening of signs and symptoms; and study drug was changed. The second control was made between 10-12th days, and the third was four weeks later.. The clinical success (improvement + cure) rate was (17+11)/42 (66.6%) and (28+21)/66 (74.2%) for amoxicillin and sultamicillin respectively, at first control. All improved patients were cured at the second control. No significant side-effects were noted in either amoxicillin or sultamicillin treated patients. All side effects were gastrointestinal, 11.9% and 3.0% in the same order.. Low dose sultamicillin was comparable to amoxicillin; sultamicillin has fewer side effects than amoxicillin (p>0.05).

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Single-Blind Method; Sinusitis; Sulbactam

To determine if an antibiotic reduces the incidence of complications associated with influenza-like illness during an influenza epidemic.. During the outbreak of influenza in Kobe in 1998, 85 patients suffering from an influenza-like illness were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients received placebo or sultamicillin orally for 4 days. The incidence of complications of influenza-like illness were compared and statistically assessed.. There was no difference in the duration of fever or the incidence of acute otitis media. However, the incidence of pneumonia was significantly lower in the sultamicillin group than the placebo group (2.4 vs 16.3%, P < 0.05).. Sultamicillin reduced the incidence of pneumonia associated with influenza-like illness during the influenza epidemic. This result suggests that antibiotics can reduce the rate of pneumonia associated with influenza.

Topics: Acute Disease; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Child, Preschool; Diarrhea; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fever; Humans; Incidence; Influenza A virus; Influenza, Human; Japan; Male; Otitis Media; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Population Surveillance; Sulbactam; Urban Health

To evaluate efficacy of ampicilline/sulbactame and fluconasole in the regimen of empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with acute leukemia.. The trial covered 14 hematological departments of Russia and 1 of Ukraine. Acute myeloid leukemia patients were included. 92 cases of fever in 56 patients with analysis of efficacy in 66 cases were considered. At the first stage of empirical antibiotic therapy, cefoperason (4 g/day) and gentamycin (240 mg/day) were administered. If no response was reached, ampicilline/sulbactam (7.5 g/day) was added. This was the second stage. If no response occurred for 5 days the three drugs were joined by fluconasol (400 mg followed by 200 mg).. Fever of unclear genesis was cured in 82% (28 of 34), clinical infection--in 80% (20 of 25), microbiologically confirmed infection--in 4 of 7 cases. A complete response to the empirical antibiotic therapy was registered in 52 of 66 cases (79%). 7(10.5%) patients died of infectious complications. 7(10.5%) received other antibiotics.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefoperazone; Cephalosporins; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fever of Unknown Origin; Fluconazole; Gentamicins; Humans; Leukemia; Russia; Sulbactam; Time Factors; Ukraine

Sultamicillin is a mutual prodrug of ampicillin and sulbactam that is chemically linked by a diester bond. This investigational agent has beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity by virtue of sulbactam, a novel beta-lactamase inhibitor. A double blind randomized study was conducted to evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerance of sultamicillin for treatment of acute otitis media compared with amoxicillin-clavulanate. A total of 144 subjects were included (96 randomly assigned to the sultamicillin and 48 to the amoxicillin-clavulanate groups). No safety concerns for sultamicillin were identified during the study. The clinical efficacy in effusion clearance between the two groups was found not to be statistically different at 10 days (P = 0.23) and 30 days (P = 0.72). Similar rates of side effects, primarily gastrointestinal, were reported in both study groups. Sultamicillin may be an alternative for the treatment of acute otitis media when persistence and recurrence of disease become an issue.

Topics: Acute Disease; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; Child; Child, Preschool; Clavulanic Acid; Clavulanic Acids; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Otitis Media; Sulbactam

In an open study, children (age range 6 months-12 years) with otitis media due to a bacterial infection were treated orally with 50 mg/kg sultamicillin (n = 30) in two equal doses each day for a mean of 10 days, or 40 mg/kg cefaclor (n = 30) in three equal doses each day for a mean of 11 days. Earache was rapidly improved by either treatment; none of the 27 evaluable sultamicillin-treated or the 29 evaluable cefaclor-treated patients had earache after 8-10 days. Other signs and symptoms (reddened eardrums, perforated eardrums, middle ear fluid, hearing loss) gradually improved during treatment. All the pathogens isolated from patients in the sultamicillin treatment group were eradicated, as were all but one of the pathogens isolated from patients in the cefaclor treatment group. In the sultamicillin treatment group 65.4% of patients were cured and 34.6% were improved, and in the cefaclor group 65.5% were cured and 31.0% improved, but there was one treatment failure. Study drug-related adverse events were experienced by 33.3% of sultamicillin- and 40.0% of cefaclor-treated patients, all but one (urticaria in a cefaclor-treated patient) were gastro-intestinal. The dose administered was reduced by approximately 50% in patients experiencing adverse effects. This did not lead to any reduction in efficacy and no patient was withdrawn due to adverse events.

Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Cefaclor; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Otitis Media; Sulbactam

Ampicillin-sulbactam (750 mg) given orally twice daily for 10 days was evaluated for the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in an ambulatory setting in Nairobi, Kenya. The first 26 women received ampicillin-sulbactam in an open-label fashion, and the remaining 75 women were randomly selected to receive either ampicillin-sulbactam (n = 38) or cefoxitin (2 g) intramuscularly and probenecid (1 g) orally, followed by doxycycline (100 mg) orally twice daily for 10 days (n = 37). Women were enrolled in a sexually transmitted disease clinic and were followed for clinical and microbiologic responses at 1 to 2 weeks and 4 to 6 weeks posttreatment. Women had a later follow-up visit to note interim pregnancy or underwent hysterosalpingography for fertility outcome assessment. The short-term clinical response rates were 70% for ampicillin-sulbactam and 72% for cefoxitin-doxycycline (P = 0.47). Among Chlamydia trachomatis-infected women treated with ampicillin-sulbactam, three had microbiologic relapse. The post-PID tubal obstruction rates were similar in the two groups: 18% for ampicillin-sulbactam and 33% for cefoxitin-doxycycline (P = 0.31). Neither regimen was highly effective as a therapy for acute PID. These data strongly argue that primary prevention must be the goal for a reduction of PID morbidity and show that improved therapy for the treatment of PID in the ambulatory setting is needed.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Ampicillin; Cefoxitin; Doxycycline; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Fertility; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hysterosalpingography; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Sulbactam

This study aimed to assess the long-term (>12 months) efficacy of nonoperative treatment (antibiotic administration) in the management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis (AA).. We surveyed uncomplicated AA patients who elected to undergo nonoperative treatment between 2010 and 2012. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the critical predictors of recurrence. Age, gender, presence of appendicolith, and white blood cell count on admission were analyzed as possible predictors of recurrence.. The median follow-up period of the study was 23 months. Twelve of 118 patients (10.2%) were diagnosed with recurrent appendicitis. Seven were retreated with the same antibiotic protocol and did not show further recurrence. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed statistical significance only for the presence of appendicolith [P=0.001, Exp (B)=0.058, B=-2.845]. Recurrence rate was lower in the presence of appendicolith.. Nonoperative treatment of uncomplicated AA is an effective option. Recurrence is rare and it can be addressed efficiently with the administration of a second course of antibiotics. The presence of appendicolith should not discourage physicians from prescribing nonoperative treatment for patients with uncomplicated AA.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Appendicitis; Ceftriaxone; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lithiasis; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Risk Factors; Sulbactam; Time Factors; Young Adult

A perfusion fluid used in the preservation of a grafted liver represents a medium suitable for microorganism growth. This study investigated the prevalence of perfusion fluid contamination, acute cellular rejection (ACR) episodes, and patient survival rate.. This is a retrospective study, based on an electronic database allocating cases of orthotopic liver transplantation. The exclusion criteria were as follows: having been submitted to multiple organ transplantation, liver retransplantation only, and those whose samples had not been collected or sent on the back table procedure or were unobtainable (usually the samples were sent when there was donor infection suspicion/positivity). Our posttransplantation infection prophylactic protocol consisted of ampicillin/sulbactam for 72 hours. The variables in the study were as follows: fluid contamination, presence of acute cellular rejection (ACR, Banff classification), and recipient survival at the first year. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square with Fisher exact test considering significant P<.05.. We observed perfusion fluid contamination in 15/121 (12.39%). The agents were as follows: Klebsiella pneumoniae in 6 (4.96%), Staphylococcus epidermidis in 5 (4.13%), and Acinetobacter baumanii in 3 (2.48%) and negative cultures in 106 (87.60%). Only 1 patient had matching for donor infection and positivity hemoculture after the transplantation (K pneumoniae) and he was the only patient associated with fluid infection and death. The recipients who had their fluid preservation with positive cultures had more ACR and the survival rate was similar among those with or without infection.. Optimization of microbiological procedures can be performed including fungal and bacterial cultures.

Topics: Acute Disease; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Bacterial Infections; Brazil; Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Combinations; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Humans; Liver Transplantation; Microbiological Techniques; Organ Preservation Solutions; Perfusion; Retrospective Studies; Sulbactam; Survival Analysis; Survival Rate; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Appendicitis is considered by many surgeons to be a surgical emergency for which necessary to avoid perforation of the appendix. Although it has also been treated nonoperatively using antibiotic therapy, experience in such treatment in children with acute appendicitis (AA) is extremely limited. In addition, previous studies on nonoperative treatment (NT) showed it to be a cause of morbidity and mortality. The authors hold that not all appendicitis cases respond to NT because only some of the cases recover. In the present study, 16 of 95 cases with AA were selected for NT according to physical and ultrasound examinations. The clinical and ultrasonographic findings of the cases are presented.. The medical records of all children with appendicitis treated between August 2003 and March 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had history of abdominal pain for less than 24 hours with localized abdominal tenderness and hemodynamic stability underwent NT. Children were treated with parenteral antibiotics (ampicillin with sulbactam, 100 mg x kg(-1) x 24 h(-1), divided into 3 doses daily, and ornidasole, 20 mg x kg(-1) x 24 h(-1), divided into 2 doses daily), intravenous fluid, and nothing by mouth for at least 48 hours.. A total of 136 patients with appendicitis were treated. Of the cases, 95 (70%) were AA, and 41 (30%) had perforated appendicitis. Sixteen (16.8%) cases of AA were selected for NT (12 boys and 4 girls; age range, 5-13 years; mean age, 9 years). The mean anteroposterior diameter of the appendix at the presentation was 7.11 +/- 1.01 mm (range, 6-9.5 mm). Ultrasound examination was repeated after 48 hours of treatment. The mean diameter of the appendix was 4.64 +/- 0.82 mm (range, 3.6-6.8 mm). The difference was statistically significant (t = 9.63, P < .0001). Nonoperative treatment was successful in 15 (93.7%) of the 16 patients.. Hyperplasia of the appendiceal lymphoid follicle frequently causes luminal obstruction. Antibiotic therapy probably causes regression of lymphoid hyperplasia because of suppression of bacterial infection and prevents ischemia and bacterial invasion in the early stage of appendicitis. We found that some of the patients who had a history of abdominal pain for less than 24 hours with localized abdominal tenderness and hemodynamic stability could be treated nonoperatively.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Ampicillin; Anti-Infective Agents; Appendicitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Ornidazole; Retrospective Studies; Sulbactam; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography

A 5-year-old girl with no underlying immune deficiency or hematologic disease was treated with a combination of ceftriaxone and ampicilline-sulbactam for pneumonia. On the ninth day of the therapy, she developed oliguria, paleness, malaise, immune hemolytic anemia (IHA) and acute renal failure (ARF). Laboratory studies showed the presence of antibodies against ceftriaxone. Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) was diagnosed by renal biopsy. The patient's renal insufficiency was successfully treated with peritoneal dialysis without any complications. The patient recovered without any treatment using steroids or other immunosuppressive agents.

Topics: Acute Disease; Acute Kidney Injury; Ampicillin; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Child, Preschool; Coombs Test; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Nephritis, Interstitial; Peritoneal Dialysis; Pneumonia; Sulbactam; Treatment Outcome

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine that affects the various developmental steps of hematopoietic cells and enhances the phagocytic activity of these cells. The effect of GM-CSF on acute osteomyelitis, developed in rats, was investigated. For this purpose, osteomyelitis was firstly developed through the direct inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus into rat tibial metaphysis. Twenty-four rats in which diagnosis of osteomyelitis was histopathologically established were divided into two groups. Antibiotic only was given to the first group, and antibiotic as well as GM-CSF to the second group. Rats were followed up for 3 months with plain radiographs and scintigraphic methods using 67Ga-citrate. Material obtained from the rats that had been killed at the end of the 3rd month were histopathologically investigated. One rat in the first group died. In another rat, chronic osteomyelitis developed and fracture was observed. In 12 rats of the second group, physical examination, plain radiographs, and histopathologic findings were normal. In scintigraphic studies with 67Ga-citrate, when the pre- and posttreatment value of the same groups were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney U-test, the mean values at 48 h after treatment were found to be significant (P < 0.05), indicating a decrease in the 2nd group (experimental group). In conclusion, the antibiotics were effective in the elimination of infection only together with neutrophils. In this manner, infections may be eliminated by strengthening the host's defense mechanism as well as by administering antibiotics. We believe that an adequate number of long-term studies will shed light on this issue. Besides we consider that this factor will be more important in the study of chronic osteomyelitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Ampicillin; Animals; Biopsy, Needle; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Injections, Intramuscular; Osteomyelitis; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensitivity and Specificity; Staphylococcus aureus; Sulbactam; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Acute Disease; Ampicillin; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Otitis Media; Sulbactam; Treatment Outcome

Oral tablets containing 375 mg sultamicillin were used to treat 30 adult patients of either sex suffering from lower respiratory tract infections. The dose used was one tablet every 12 h for 22 cases and one tablet every 8 h for eight cases. The duration of therapy varied between 5 and 14 days (mean 8.6 days). The therapeutic response was rated as cure in 23 (76.6%) patients, with complete disappearance of pretreatment signs and symptoms, and as improvement in seven (23.3%) patients, with amelioration of the pretreatment manifestations. All 52 microorganisms isolated before treatment were eradicated. No adverse effects were reported in 25 (83.3%) patients, whereas the remaining five (16.7%) patients reported mild loose stools with normal bowel motion. There were no abnormal changes in blood count and liver and renal functions following sultamicillin treatment.

Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adult; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Pneumonia; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sulbactam; Tablets

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Cesarean Section; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endometritis; Female; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pregnancy; Puerperal Infection; Sulbactam; Surgical Wound Infection

A total 16 patients with moderate and serious surgical and urogenital infections were treated intravenously with the Unasyn IM/IV inj., combination of ampicillin and sulbactam, which is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. In this combination, sulbactam saves the ampicillin against the effects of beta-lactamases and extends the susceptibility to ampicillin of previously ampicillin-resistant strains. Clinical cure was observed in 69% of the patients, improvement in 19%, and failure in 12%. Microbiological elimination was proved in 50% of the patients, persistence in 6%, a in the rest of the patients (44%) were microbiological response unevaluable. The evaluation of subjective and objective tolerance of Unasyn IM/IV inj. was excellent. It follows from this study that the combination of ampicillin with sulbactam can be considered an effective and safe treatment of nosocomial infections, especially in the departments with an increasing rate of ampicillin-resistant strains due to production of the beta-lactamases.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Cross Infection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sulbactam; Surgical Wound Infection

Sultamicillin (SBTPC) is a mutual prodrug in which ampicillin (ABPC) and a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam (SBT) are ester-bound in an equimolar ratio. SBTPC is hydrolyzed during absorption after oral administration to provide ABPC and SBT for systemic circulation. In the present study, the antimicrobial activities of SBTPC against 50 isolates each of 6 species (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, Branhamella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes) of bacteria freshly obtained from upper respiratory tract infections were examined in relation to their bacterial beta-lactamase producing abilities. beta-Lactamase producing strains were identified using the acidometry disc method with benzylpenicillin (PCG) of cefazolin (CEZ) as a substrate, and their frequencies of appearance were calculated as follows: S. aureus 86%; K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae 100%; B. catarrhalis 68%; H. influenzae 24%. Fourteen per cent of S. aureus strains examined were beta-lactamase positive using both PCG and CEZ acidometry discs. SBTPC, however, demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activities even against these beta-lactamase producing strains. Good activities were observed especially against those bacterial strains producing penicillinase (PCase). Average MIC80 values of SBTPC were 3.13 micrograms/ml for S. aureus and K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, 0.39 micrograms/ml for B. catarrhalis and H. influenzae, 0.05 micrograms/ml for S. pneumoniae and 0.025 micrograms/ml for S. pyogenes. As SBTPC was shown to possess excellent antimicrobial activities against PCase producing strains, the enhancement in activities of SBTPC compared to ABPC alone can be attributed to the inhibition of beta-lactamase by SBT which, as noted above, is a component of SBTPC in an equimolar ratio to ABPC.

Topics: Acute Disease; Ampicillin; Bacteria; beta-Lactamases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Penicillin Resistance; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sulbactam