sulforaphane and Autism Spectrum Disorder
sulforaphane has been researched along with Autism Spectrum Disorder in 9 studies
sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.
sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.
Autism Spectrum Disorder: Wide continuum of associated cognitive and neurobehavioral disorders, including, but not limited to, three core-defining features: impairments in socialization, impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. (from DSM-V)
Research Excerpts
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
---|---|---|
"Sulforaphane (SF), an isothiocyanate in broccoli, has potential benefits relevant to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through its effects on several metabolic and immunologic pathways." | 9.41 | Randomized controlled trial of sulforaphane and metabolite discovery in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ( Connors, SL; Diggins, E; Fahey, JW; Foley, A; Frye, RE; James, SJ; Lee, LC; Liu, H; Melnyk, S; Panjwani, AA; Singh, IN; Singh, K; Zimmerman, AW, 2021) |
" Sulforaphane, a phytochemical derived from a number of cruciferous vegetables, most notably broccoli sprouts, has metabolic effects that in some ways resemble that of fever." | 7.83 | Sulforaphane Treatment of Young Men with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ( Singh, K; Zimmerman, AW, 2016) |
"Risperidone was started with a daily dose of 0." | 6.94 | Sulforaphane as an adjunctive treatment for irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Akhondzadeh, S; Amirimoghaddam-Yazdi, Z; Moghaddam, HS; Mohammadi, MR; Momtazmanesh, S, 2020) |
"These mechanisms lead to improvement in autism-like symptoms in BTBR mice." | 5.51 | Nrf2 activator, sulforaphane ameliorates autism-like symptoms through suppression of Th17 related signaling and rectification of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in periphery and brain of BTBR T+tf/J mice. ( Ahmad, SF; Al-Harbi, NO; Alqahtani, F; Alqinyah, M; Attia, SM; Bakheet, SA; Ibrahim, KE; Nadeem, A, 2019) |
" Sulforaphane, a phytochemical derived from a number of cruciferous vegetables, most notably broccoli sprouts, has metabolic effects that in some ways resemble that of fever." | 3.83 | Sulforaphane Treatment of Young Men with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ( Singh, K; Zimmerman, AW, 2016) |
"Risperidone was started with a daily dose of 0." | 2.94 | Sulforaphane as an adjunctive treatment for irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Akhondzadeh, S; Amirimoghaddam-Yazdi, Z; Moghaddam, HS; Mohammadi, MR; Momtazmanesh, S, 2020) |
"Early diagnosis and treatment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pose challenges." | 2.72 | Profiles of urine and blood metabolomics in autism spectrum disorders. ( Boonchooduang, N; Chattipakorn, N; Chattipakorn, SC; Likhitweerawong, N; Louthrenoo, O; Nookaew, I; Thonusin, C, 2021) |
"Sulforaphane (SFN) was employed as a bioactive compound and then encapsulated into Evs using three methods including passive (incubation), active (sonication), and active-passive (sonication-incubation)." | 1.72 | Sustained release of sulforaphane by bioactive extracellular vesicles for neuroprotective effect on chick model. ( Saeidifar, M; Shahlaei, M; Zamanian, A, 2022) |
"These mechanisms lead to improvement in autism-like symptoms in BTBR mice." | 1.51 | Nrf2 activator, sulforaphane ameliorates autism-like symptoms through suppression of Th17 related signaling and rectification of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in periphery and brain of BTBR T+tf/J mice. ( Ahmad, SF; Al-Harbi, NO; Alqahtani, F; Alqinyah, M; Attia, SM; Bakheet, SA; Ibrahim, KE; Nadeem, A, 2019) |
Research
Studies (9)
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 2 (22.22) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 7 (77.78) | 2.80 |
Authors
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Shahlaei, M | 1 |
Saeidifar, M | 1 |
Zamanian, A | 1 |
Magner, M | 1 |
Thorová, K | 1 |
Župová, V | 1 |
Houška, M | 1 |
Švandová, I | 1 |
Novotná, P | 1 |
Tříska, J | 1 |
Vrchotová, N | 1 |
Soural, I | 1 |
Jílek, L | 1 |
Liu, H | 2 |
Zimmerman, AW | 3 |
Singh, K | 3 |
Connors, SL | 2 |
Diggins, E | 2 |
Stephenson, KK | 1 |
Dinkova-Kostova, AT | 1 |
Fahey, JW | 2 |
Momtazmanesh, S | 1 |
Amirimoghaddam-Yazdi, Z | 1 |
Moghaddam, HS | 1 |
Mohammadi, MR | 1 |
Akhondzadeh, S | 1 |
Hashimoto, K | 1 |
Panjwani, AA | 1 |
Lee, LC | 1 |
Foley, A | 1 |
Melnyk, S | 1 |
Singh, IN | 1 |
James, SJ | 1 |
Frye, RE | 1 |
Likhitweerawong, N | 1 |
Thonusin, C | 1 |
Boonchooduang, N | 1 |
Louthrenoo, O | 1 |
Nookaew, I | 1 |
Chattipakorn, N | 1 |
Chattipakorn, SC | 1 |
Nadeem, A | 1 |
Ahmad, SF | 1 |
Al-Harbi, NO | 1 |
Attia, SM | 1 |
Bakheet, SA | 1 |
Ibrahim, KE | 1 |
Alqahtani, F | 1 |
Alqinyah, M | 1 |
Clinical Trials (1)
Trial Overview
Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sulforaphane Treatment of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)[NCT02561481] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-12-31 | Completed | ||
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] |
Trial Outcomes
Change in Ohio Autism Clinical Impressions Scale - Improvement (OACIS-I) Average Score From Baseline
The Ohio Autism Clinical Impressions Scale-Severity (OACIS-S) rates severity of symptoms in 10 categories: general level of autism, social interaction, aberrant and repetitive behavior, verbal and nonverbal communication, hyperactivity, anxiety, sensory sensitivities and restricted and narrow interests. Each category is rated from 1 (normal) to 7 (most severe). The OACIS-S was a reference at follow up visits when the OACIS-Improvement was compared to the OACIS-S, from 1 to 7: 4 was no change; 3 to 1 minimal to marked improvement and 5 to 7 minimal to marked worsening. The numerical score of the OACIS-S is independent and unrelated quantitatively to the OACIS-I. For analysis, the OACIS-I general score and subscale values were recoded, in which 4 (no change) was recoded as 0; 3 to 1 were recoded as +1 to +3 to denote improvement, and 5 to 7 were recoded as -1 to -3 for worsening. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: 7 weeks, 15 weeks, 22 weeks, 30 weeks, 36 weeks
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 weeks | 15 weeks | 22 weeks | 30 weeks | 36 weeks | |
Placebo | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.59 | 0.69 | 0.29 |
Sulforaphane | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.29 |
Change in Total Aberrant Behavior Checklist Score From Baseline
Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) is a 58 item scale that primarily evaluates how aberrant or abnormal a patient's daily behaviors are. The items evaluate behaviors as they pertain to irritability, lethargy/social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 to 3, with 0 being better outcome and 3 being worse outcome. The score from each item is added up to calculate a total score. This outcome describes change in total ABC score from baseline at each follow up visit. The scores from all items are added to calculate a total score (0 to 174). This outcome describes change in total ABC score from baseline at each follow up visit. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: 7 weeks, 15 weeks, 22 weeks, 30 weeks, 36 weeks
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 weeks | 15 weeks | 22 weeks | 30 weeks | 36 weeks | |
Placebo | -16.23 | -11.68 | -22.4 | -10.29 | -7.8 |
Sulforaphane | -6 | -22.6 | -36.33 | -22.8 | 1.14 |
Change in Total SRS-2 Score From Baseline
The Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) is a 65-item scale that measures total scores as well as subscales: four social behaviors (awareness, cognition, communication and motivation) and autistic mannerisms. Each item is rated from 1 to 4 (not true to almost always true) on worksheets that are blinded to the rater with respect to values. Total and subscale scores are calculated as raw scores and can be converted to T-scores. Raw scores (range 0-180) are reported here (unadjusted for general population, since all children had ASD). Higher or lower values at follow up visits compared to baseline indicated worsening or improvement, respectively. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: 7 weeks, 15 weeks, 22 weeks, 30 weeks, 36 weeks
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 weeks | 15 weeks | 22 weeks | 30 weeks | 36 weeks | |
Placebo | -8.06 | -7.92 | -13.67 | -18.59 | -19.59 |
Sulforaphane | 1.14 | -16.86 | -14.61 | -19.83 | 0.80 |
Comparison of Free Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Total GSH, Oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) at Week 0 and 15
F-statistic calculated by comparison of Free Reduced GSH, Total GSH and oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) of Week 15 to Week 0. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0 and Week 15
Intervention | F-statistic (Number) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Free Reduced GSH | Total GSH | GSSG | |
Placebo | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.46 |
Sulforaphane | 1.51 | 0.00 | 1.97 |
Cox-2
Cox-2 (cyclooxygenase-2): a nuclear factor-kappa B - regulated inflammatory biomarker. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | -0.20 | 0.16 | -0.17 |
Sulforaphane | 0.14 | -0.07 | -0.46 |
Dithiocarbamate Plasma Concentration Detected by Cyclocondensation at Each Visit
Sulforaphane (and other isothiocyanates, ITC) are conjugated by glutathione (GSH) which then undergoes further enzymatic modifications to give rise sequentially to the cysteinylglycine-, cysteine- and N-acetylcysteine-ITC conjugates, all of which are dithiocarbamates (DTC) and are detected in the cyclocondensation reaction-HPLC assay. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 7, Week 15, Week 22, Week 30, Week 36
Intervention | nmol DTC (Dithiocarbamates)/ml (Mean) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 7 | Week 15 | Week 22 | Week 30 | Week 36 | |
Placebo | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.205 | 0.214 | 0.008 |
Sulforaphane | 0.007 | 0.299 | 0.329 | 0.248 | 0.165 | 0.015 |
Free GSH:GSSG and Total GSH:GSSG Ratios at Week 15
Ratios of free GSH:GSSG and total GSH:GSSG were calculated by obtaining ratios of f-statistic scores from baseline to week 15 between free reduced GSH and GSSG and between total GSH and GSSG. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 15
Intervention | F-statistic (Number) | |
---|---|---|
Free GSH:GSSG | Total GSH:GSSG | |
Placebo | 0.87 | 0.03 |
Sulforaphane | 12.72 | 5.16 |
HO-1 (Heme Oxygenase 1)
HO-1 (heme oxygenase 1): an essential and Nrf2-dependent enzyme in heme catabolism. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 0.27 | 0.55 | 0.30 |
Sulforaphane | 0.10 | 0.74 | 0.74 |
HSP27
HSP27 (Heat shock protein 27) was examined because it is upregulated by SF in vitro. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30.
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | -0.13 | -0.83 | -0.58 |
Sulforaphane | 0.21 | 0.21 | -0.47 |
HSP70
HSP70 (Heat shock protein 70) was examined because it is upregulated by SF in vitro. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 0.99 | 1.14 | 1.20 |
Sulforaphane | 1.11 | 1.33 | 1.23 |
IL-1β
IL-1β: Interleukin-1 beta cytokine gene expression, a nuclear factor-kappa B - regulated inflammatory biomarker. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 1.14 | 1.47 | 1.59 |
Sulforaphane | 0.90 | 1.45 | 1.50 |
IL-6
IL-6 (interleukin 6) cytokine gene expression, a nuclear factor-kappa B - regulated inflammatory biomarker. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 1.82 | 1.87 | 2.08 |
Sulforaphane | 1.76 | 2.05 | 1.99 |
NQO1: NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase-1
Cytoprotective enzyme regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of cellular redox homeostasis and an inhibitor of a key pro-inflammatory pathway, of which both functions are critical factors in the neuropathology of ASD. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 (baseline) | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 2.25 | 2.14 | 2.13 |
Sulforaphane | 2.23 | 2.19 | 2.15 |
OACIS-I Response Rate on Aberrant Behaviors Subscale
See above in the primary outcome measure for a description of OACIS-I scale. This section describes the change from baseline of the OACIS-I subdomain of aberrant behaviors. This subdomain has a range of 1 to 7 - 1 is extremely improved from baseline, 7 is extremely worse from baseline, and 4 is no change. For analysis, the OACIS-I general score and subscale values were recoded, in which 4 (no change) was recoded as 0; 3 to 1 were recoded as +1 to +3 to denote improvement, and 5 to 7 were recoded as -1 to -3 for worsening. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: 7 weeks, 15 weeks, 22 weeks, 30 weeks, 36 weeks
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 weeks | 15 weeks | 22 weeks | 30 weeks | 36 weeks | |
Placebo | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.53 | 0.59 | 0.14 |
Sulforaphane | 0.06 | 0.22 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.14 |
OACIS-I Response Rate on Social Communication Subscale
See above in the primary outcome measure for a description of OACIS-I scale. This section describes the change from baseline of the OACIS-I subdomain of social communication. This subdomain has a range of 1 to 7 - 1 is extremely improved from baseline, 7 is extremely worse from baseline, and 4 is no change. For analysis, the OACIS-I general score and subscale values were recoded, in which 4 (no change) was recoded as 0; 3 to 1 were recoded as +1 to +3 to denote improvement, and 5 to 7 were recoded as -1 to -3 for worsening. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: 7 weeks, 15 weeks, 22 weeks, 30 weeks, 36 weeks
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 weeks | 15 weeks | 22 weeks | 30 weeks | 36 weeks | |
Placebo | 0.56 | 0.56 | 1.35 | 1.25 | 0.61 |
Sulforaphane | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.65 | 0.94 | 0.32 |
TNF-α
TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor alpha), a cytokine as inflammatory biomarker. Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 0.91 | 1.08 | 1.10 |
Sulforaphane | 0.70 | 0.98 | 1.17 |
xCT
xCT (SLC7A11): Cystine/glutamate antiporter encoded by the SLC7A11 gene.Total cellular RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed using the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio™ 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Relative mRNA expression was normalized to GAPDH. Gene expression was calculated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCT method. (NCT02561481)
Timeframe: Week 0, Week 15, Week 30
Intervention | log fold change (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Week 0 | Week 15 | Week 30 | |
Placebo | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.27 |
Sulforaphane | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.24 |
Reviews
1 review available for sulforaphane and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Article | Year |
---|---|
Profiles of urine and blood metabolomics in autism spectrum disorders.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Biomarkers; Humans; Isothiocyanates; Metabolic Networks and Pathw | 2021 |
Trials
3 trials available for sulforaphane and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Article | Year |
---|---|
Sulforaphane Treatment in Children with Autism: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Child; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Isothiocyanates; Pr | 2023 |
Sulforaphane as an adjunctive treatment for irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Antipsychotic Agents; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Child | 2020 |
Randomized controlled trial of sulforaphane and metabolite discovery in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Isothiocyanates; Laboratories, Clinical; | 2021 |
Other Studies
5 other studies available for sulforaphane and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Article | Year |
---|---|
Sustained release of sulforaphane by bioactive extracellular vesicles for neuroprotective effect on chick model.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Chick Embryo; Delayed-Action Preparations; Extracellular Vesicles | 2022 |
Biomarker Exploration in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells for Monitoring Sulforaphane Treatment Responses in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cells, Cultured; Child; Cytokines; Humans; Inflammation; Isothiocyanates; | 2020 |
Risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring of COVID-19-infected pregnant women and nutritional intervention.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; C-Reactive Protein; COVID-19; Dietary Supplements; Female; Gestational Age | 2021 |
Nrf2 activator, sulforaphane ameliorates autism-like symptoms through suppression of Th17 related signaling and rectification of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in periphery and brain of BTBR T+tf/J mice.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cytokin | 2019 |
Sulforaphane Treatment of Young Men with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Fever; Humans; Isothiocyanates; Male; Psychotr | 2016 |