succinylcholine and Hyperkalemia studies

Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.
succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.

Hyperkalemia: Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Lethal hyperkalemic response to succinylcholine continues to be reported, but the molecular mechanisms for the hyperkalemia have not been completely elucidated."	8.83	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. ( Martyn, JA; Richtsfeld, M, 2006)
"After the demonstration of its life-saving effect in severe hyperkalemia and the recovery of skeletal muscle after injury, pentadecapeptide BPC 157 has been shown to attenuate the local paralytic effect induced by succinylcholine, in addition to systemic muscle disability (and consequent muscle damage)."	7.83	BPC 157: The counteraction of succinylcholine, hyperkalemia, and arrhythmias. ( Drmic, D; Duplancic, B; Duzel, V; Holjevac, JK; Kolenc, D; Murselovic, T; Radonic, J; Romic, Z; Seiwerth, S; Sikiric, P; Stambolija, TP; Stambolija, V; Uzun, S; Zivanovic-Posilovic, G, 2016)
"This case report describes a 38-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis who developed life-threatening hyperkalemia after the administration of succinylcholine during rapid sequence intubation."	7.78	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with multiple sclerosis. ( Brown, DF; Levine, M, 2012)
"Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia is reported, but is still used in rapid sequence induction."	7.77	[Fatal succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in an intensive care unit]. ( Carl, P; Frederiksen, B; Steensen, M, 2011)
"We report a case of cardiac arrhythmia occurring in a Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patient after succinylcholine administration during third endotracheal intubation, on day 13 of illness."	7.76	Cardiac arrhythmia after succinylcholine administration in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome--a case report. ( Hor, JY, 2010)
"To report a case of potentially lethal hyperkalemia related to succinylcholine administration."	7.74	Hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest following succinylcholine administration in a 16-year-old boy with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia and sepsis. ( Fendler, WM; Piotrowski, AJ, 2007)
"To report a case of fatal hyperkalemia owing to succinylcholine administration in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy."	7.71	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy. ( Al-Khafaji, AH; Cornell, CJ; Dewhirst, WE; Quill, TJ, 2001)
"Cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia is a known complication of succinylcholine administration in patients with neuromuscular disease, extensive burns, and prolonged immobility."	7.70	Cardiac arrest due to succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with wound botulism. ( Chakravarty, EF; Jensen, WA; Kagawa, FT; Kirsch, CM, 2000)
"Throughout its pharmacological history in anesthesia practice, succinylcholine has been notorious for its role in causing life-threatening hyperkalemia."	7.69	Probable succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a trauma victim after recent benign anesthetics with succinylcholine. ( Griner, RL; Tobin, JR, 1994)
" The current study attempts to characterize the contributory roles of chronic administration of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants typified by d-tubocurarine (dTC) and/or of immobilization on AChR upregulation and the relationship of these AChR changes to SCh-induced hyperkalemia."	7.69	Prolonged d-tubocurarine infusion and/or immobilization cause upregulation of acetylcholine receptors and hyperkalemia to succinylcholine in rats. ( Martyn, JA; Yanez, P, 1996)
"While being treated for the acute respiratory distress syndrome, a 27-year-old woman developed profound hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest following the administration of succinylcholine chloride (SCh)."	7.69	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia following prolonged pharmacologic neuromuscular blockade. ( Elstad, MR; Markewitz, BA, 1997)
"Two recent clinical reports suggested that succinylcholine (SCh) may cause severe hyperkalemia in hemorrhagic, acidotic humans."	7.68	Succinylcholine causes profound hyperkalemia in hemorrhagic, acidotic rabbits. ( Antognini, JF; Gronert, GA, 1993)
"The effects of spinal cord transection and acidosis on succinylcholine (SCC)-induced hyperkalemia were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats."	7.67	Synergistic effect of acidosis and succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in spinal cord transected rats. ( Breivik, H; Greider, P; Jones, DJ; Koller, ME; Smith, RB, 1984)
"The rapid development of hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest can occur in patients with spinal cord injuries and other conditions when succinylcholine is used during the induction of anesthesia."	7.66	Paraplegia: succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. ( Brooke, MM; Donovon, WH; Stolov, WC, 1978)
"Changes in serum potassium level in 21 control patients and 21 patients with infections of varying severity were measured after administration of succinylcholine."	7.66	Changes in serum potassium following succinylcholine in patients with infections. ( Khan, RM; Khan, TZ, 1983)
"The effects of intravenously infused succinylcholine (SCh): 1 mg/kg/minute during 30 minutes were assessed in anesthetized dogs on spontaneous heart rate, conduction within the atrio-ventricular node and the His-Purkinje system and on atrial (AERP) and atrio-ventricular (AVERP) effective refractory periods with varying levels of vagal tone and under mild hyperkalemia."	7.66	[Electrophysiological study of cardiac effects of succinylcholine: role of vagal tone and hyperkalemia in anesthetized dog (author's transl)]. ( Descotes, J; Faucon, G; Lièvre, M; Ollagnier, M; Timour-Chah, Q, 1981)
"A myelotomy patient with succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and ventricular fibrillation was succesfully resusciated."	7.65	Succinylcholine-induced ventricular fibrillation in the paralyzed urology patient. ( Barry, JM; Hdoges, CV; Walker, DE, 1975)
"Ventricular tachycardia was defibrillated and Gordon syndrome, which was diagnosed subsequently, was treated successfully."	5.33	Gordon syndrome and succinylcholine. ( Puura, A; Schultz, R, 2005)
"Changes in EEGs during cardiac arrest have been described in detail by many authors; however, mortality because of an EEG has never been reported."	5.30	Succinylcholine induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest death related to an EEG study. ( Bedlack, RS; Erwin, CW; Radtke, RA; VanLandingham, KE; Verma, A, 1999)
"The cause of cardiac arrest we speculated was hyperkalemia, possibly secondary to succinylcholine-induced rhabdomyolysis."	5.30	Succinylcholine-induced cardiac arrest in unsuspected becker muscular dystrophy--a case report. ( Chi, KP; Ho, WM; Shen, CH; Tseng, CS; Wu, CC; Yang, TC, 1998)
"This report describes a cardiac arrest that occurred in a 4-month-old infant during induction of anesthesia."	5.28	[Cardiac arrest during anesthesia induction with halothane and succinylcholine in an infant. Massive hyperkalemia and rhabdomyolysis in suspected myopathy and/or malignant hyperthermia]. ( Bachour, H; Mehler, J; Simons, F; Wolpers, K, 1991)
" Plasma K+ levels in rats exposed to a fractionated irradiated dosage (2500 R given twice with a 1-week interval) followed by SCh 1 week later were similar to those in the control group, but when SCh was given 2 weeks later (3 weeks after initial irradiation) there was a marked elevation of plasma K+, from 3."	5.26	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in the rat following radiation injury to muscle. ( Cairoli, VJ; Ivankovich, AD; Patel, K; Vucicevic, D, 1982)
"To determine the effects of Magnesium-Sulphate-pretreatment on Suxamethonium-induced complications (serum potassium rise, fasciculations and apnea)."	5.12	The effects of magnesium sulphate-pretreatment on suxamethonium-induced complications during induction of general endotracheal anaesthesia. ( Danladi, KY; Eyelade, OR; Sotunmbi, PT, 2007)
"Popular depolarising muscle relaxant, suxamethonium (succinylcholine chloride), produces fasciculation in group of muscles and 'after pain'."	5.08	Variation of serum potassium and creatinine phosphokinase levels in suxamethonium-induced muscle relaxation. ( Das, BK; Das, BN; Guha, A; Sengupta, S, 1996)
" The use of succinylcholine should be avoided in muscular dystrophies, motor neuron diseases, and intrinsic muscle disease due to a risk of malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalemia, rhabdomyolysis, and cardiac arrest."	4.95	Anesthetic consideration for neuromuscular diseases. ( Katz, JA; Murphy, GS, 2017)
" Succinylcholine administration is associated with life-threatening hyperkalemia and should be avoided in patients with DMD and BD."	4.85	Malignant hyperthermia and muscular dystrophies. ( Brown, A; Gurnaney, H; Litman, RS, 2009)
"The findings include the mechanisms of the hyperkalemia after succinylcholine in patients with upregulation of acetylcholine receptors."	4.84	Neuromuscular and mitochondrial disorders: what is relevant to the anaesthesiologist? ( Driessen, JJ, 2008)
"Lethal hyperkalemic response to succinylcholine continues to be reported, but the molecular mechanisms for the hyperkalemia have not been completely elucidated."	4.83	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. ( Martyn, JA; Richtsfeld, M, 2006)
" Digitalis and succinylcholine, by producing efflux of potassium from cells, may cause hyperkalemia."	4.76	Internal potassium balance and the control of the plasma potassium concentration. ( Cox, M; Feig, PU; Singer, I; Sterns, RH, 1981)
" In 1960, animal studies reported a transient increase in plasma potassium; further experiments in 1969 clearly demonstrated succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in burn patients."	3.91	A Chronology for the Identification and Disclosure of Adverse Effects of Succinylcholine. ( Desai, MS; Huang, L; Sang, CN, 2019)
"After the demonstration of its life-saving effect in severe hyperkalemia and the recovery of skeletal muscle after injury, pentadecapeptide BPC 157 has been shown to attenuate the local paralytic effect induced by succinylcholine, in addition to systemic muscle disability (and consequent muscle damage)."	3.83	BPC 157: The counteraction of succinylcholine, hyperkalemia, and arrhythmias. ( Drmic, D; Duplancic, B; Duzel, V; Holjevac, JK; Kolenc, D; Murselovic, T; Radonic, J; Romic, Z; Seiwerth, S; Sikiric, P; Stambolija, TP; Stambolija, V; Uzun, S; Zivanovic-Posilovic, G, 2016)
" One patient with undiagnosed BMD received succinylcholine and developed acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemic cardiac arrest."	3.79	Anesthesia and Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy: review of 117 anesthetic exposures. ( Bojanić, K; Lorenz, JD; Scavonetto, F; Segura, LG; Selcen, D; Sprung, J; Weingarten, TN, 2013)
"This case report describes a 38-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis who developed life-threatening hyperkalemia after the administration of succinylcholine during rapid sequence intubation."	3.78	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with multiple sclerosis. ( Brown, DF; Levine, M, 2012)
"Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia is reported, but is still used in rapid sequence induction."	3.77	[Fatal succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in an intensive care unit]. ( Carl, P; Frederiksen, B; Steensen, M, 2011)
"We report a case of cardiac arrhythmia occurring in a Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patient after succinylcholine administration during third endotracheal intubation, on day 13 of illness."	3.76	Cardiac arrhythmia after succinylcholine administration in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome--a case report. ( Hor, JY, 2010)
"To report a case of potentially lethal hyperkalemia related to succinylcholine administration."	3.74	Hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest following succinylcholine administration in a 16-year-old boy with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia and sepsis. ( Fendler, WM; Piotrowski, AJ, 2007)
"We report an 11-year-old male with undiagnosed myopathy, who developed cardiac arrest secondary to severe rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia following succinylcholine administration."	3.72	Hyperkalemic cardiac arrest following succinylcholine administration: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in an emergency situation. ( Al-Takrouri, H; Martin, TW; Mayhew, JF, 2004)
"To report a case of fatal hyperkalemia owing to succinylcholine administration in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy."	3.71	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy. ( Al-Khafaji, AH; Cornell, CJ; Dewhirst, WE; Quill, TJ, 2001)
"Cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia is a known complication of succinylcholine administration in patients with neuromuscular disease, extensive burns, and prolonged immobility."	3.70	Cardiac arrest due to succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with wound botulism. ( Chakravarty, EF; Jensen, WA; Kagawa, FT; Kirsch, CM, 2000)
"Throughout its pharmacological history in anesthesia practice, succinylcholine has been notorious for its role in causing life-threatening hyperkalemia."	3.69	Probable succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a trauma victim after recent benign anesthetics with succinylcholine. ( Griner, RL; Tobin, JR, 1994)
"While being treated for the acute respiratory distress syndrome, a 27-year-old woman developed profound hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest following the administration of succinylcholine chloride (SCh)."	3.69	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia following prolonged pharmacologic neuromuscular blockade. ( Elstad, MR; Markewitz, BA, 1997)
" The current study attempts to characterize the contributory roles of chronic administration of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants typified by d-tubocurarine (dTC) and/or of immobilization on AChR upregulation and the relationship of these AChR changes to SCh-induced hyperkalemia."	3.69	Prolonged d-tubocurarine infusion and/or immobilization cause upregulation of acetylcholine receptors and hyperkalemia to succinylcholine in rats. ( Martyn, JA; Yanez, P, 1996)
"Two recent clinical reports suggested that succinylcholine (SCh) may cause severe hyperkalemia in hemorrhagic, acidotic humans."	3.68	Succinylcholine causes profound hyperkalemia in hemorrhagic, acidotic rabbits. ( Antognini, JF; Gronert, GA, 1993)
"Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia has been reported to occur in many neurological disorders including subarachnoid hemorrhage."	3.68	Succinylcholine does not increase serum potassium levels in patients with acutely ruptured cerebral aneurysms. ( Gelb, AW; Mahendran, B; Manninen, PH; Merchant, RN, 1990)
"The effects of spinal cord transection and acidosis on succinylcholine (SCC)-induced hyperkalemia were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats."	3.67	Synergistic effect of acidosis and succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in spinal cord transected rats. ( Breivik, H; Greider, P; Jones, DJ; Koller, ME; Smith, RB, 1984)
" Following an uneventful induction of anaesthesia with halothane, nitrous oxide and O2, succinylcholine resulted in bilateral masseter muscle spasm and then, in rapid sequence, ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest."	3.67	Duchenne muscular dystrophy and malignant hyperthermia--two case reports. ( Stanley, TH; Wang, JM, 1986)
"Muscular fasciculations, plasma potassium levels and postoperative muscle pains following succinylcholine injection were studied in 64 patients who had been given either dilute flunitrazepam or sodium thiopental to induce anesthesia."	3.66	Intravenous flunitrazepam in the prevention of the side effects of succinylcholine. ( Aronson, HB; Vatashsky, E, 1982)
"The effects of intravenously infused succinylcholine (SCh): 1 mg/kg/minute during 30 minutes were assessed in anesthetized dogs on spontaneous heart rate, conduction within the atrio-ventricular node and the His-Purkinje system and on atrial (AERP) and atrio-ventricular (AVERP) effective refractory periods with varying levels of vagal tone and under mild hyperkalemia."	3.66	[Electrophysiological study of cardiac effects of succinylcholine: role of vagal tone and hyperkalemia in anesthetized dog (author's transl)]. ( Descotes, J; Faucon, G; Lièvre, M; Ollagnier, M; Timour-Chah, Q, 1981)
"We describe prolonged apnea following electrotherapy in a patient who was also being treated with a topical organophosphate anticholinesterase, ecothiophate iodide (phospholine iodide), for glaucoma."	3.66	Hazards of succinylcholine administration during electrotherapy. ( Meyer, DA; Packman, PM; Verdun, RM, 1978)
"The rapid development of hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest can occur in patients with spinal cord injuries and other conditions when succinylcholine is used during the induction of anesthesia."	3.66	Paraplegia: succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. ( Brooke, MM; Donovon, WH; Stolov, WC, 1978)
"Changes in serum potassium level in 21 control patients and 21 patients with infections of varying severity were measured after administration of succinylcholine."	3.66	Changes in serum potassium following succinylcholine in patients with infections. ( Khan, RM; Khan, TZ, 1983)
"A myelotomy patient with succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and ventricular fibrillation was succesfully resusciated."	3.65	Succinylcholine-induced ventricular fibrillation in the paralyzed urology patient. ( Barry, JM; Hdoges, CV; Walker, DE, 1975)
" Others are somehow more obscure: hyperkalemia, extended curarization after injection of succinylcholine."	3.65	[General anesthesia for electroshock therapy]. ( François, G; Moisan, D, 1975)
"Pancuronium pretreatment prolonged the SCh block significantly, whereas other agents shortened the duration of the SCh block."	2.65	Five non-depolarizing muscle relaxants in precurarization. ( Erkola, O; Kuoppamäki, R; Salmenperä, A, 1983)
" Adverse effects of suxamethonium are generally related to its agonist mode of action."	2.39	Adverse effects of depolarising neuromuscular blocking agents. Incidence, prevention and management. ( Abel, M; Book, WJ; Eisenkraft, JB, 1994)
" Unfortunately, a variety of (sometimes lethal) adverse effects, such as hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest, are associated with its use, and currently there are no specific antidotes to reverse Sch or to treat these side-effects."	1.51	Supramolecular therapeutics to treat the side effects induced by a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. ( Cheng, Q; Huang, F; Li, C; Li, L; Li, S; Shangguan, L; Wang, R; Zhang, J; Zhang, X, 2019)
"Ventricular tachycardia was defibrillated and Gordon syndrome, which was diagnosed subsequently, was treated successfully."	1.33	Gordon syndrome and succinylcholine. ( Puura, A; Schultz, R, 2005)
"A significant number of infants with pyloric stenosis have a serum potassium value above the normal limit."	1.32	Hyperkalemia and pyloric stenosis. ( Connelly, NR; Manikantan, P; Nichols, JH; Schwartz, D, 2003)
" Succinylcholine may be appropriate and safe for use in certain patients with moderate hyperkalemia."	1.31	Can succinylcholine be used safely in hyperkalemic patients? ( Gan, TJ; Lubarsky, DA; Olson, RP; Schow, AJ, 2002)
"In 1992, the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States and The North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry received reports of cardiac arrest in apparently healthy children given succinylcholine."	1.30	Hyperkalemic cardiac arrest during anesthesia in infants and children with occult myopathies. ( Allen, GC; Gronert, GA; Larach, MG; Rosenberg, H, 1997)
"We report a case of cardiac arrest due to hyperkalaemia following administration of suxamethonium during a procedure to facilitate a change of endotracheal tube in a septic patient."	1.30	Suxamethonium and cardiac arrest. ( Fountain, SW; Lee, YM, 1997)
"The present report describes a case of cardiac arrest and subsequent death as a result of hyperkalaemia following the use of suxamethonium in a 23-year-old Malawian woman."	1.30	Suxamethonium-induced cardiac arrest and death following 5 days of immobilization. ( Hansen, D, 1998)
"The cause of cardiac arrest we speculated was hyperkalemia, possibly secondary to succinylcholine-induced rhabdomyolysis."	1.30	Succinylcholine-induced cardiac arrest in unsuspected becker muscular dystrophy--a case report. ( Chi, KP; Ho, WM; Shen, CH; Tseng, CS; Wu, CC; Yang, TC, 1998)
"Changes in EEGs during cardiac arrest have been described in detail by many authors; however, mortality because of an EEG has never been reported."	1.30	Succinylcholine induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest death related to an EEG study. ( Bedlack, RS; Erwin, CW; Radtke, RA; VanLandingham, KE; Verma, A, 1999)
"A clinical scenario suggestive of critical illness polyneuropathy was accompanied by a list of possible drugs used to facilitate endotracheal intubation."	1.30	Suxamethonium and critical illness polyneuropathy. ( Biccard, B; Grant, IS; Hughes, M; Nimmo, G, 1999)
"This report describes a cardiac arrest that occurred in a 4-month-old infant during induction of anesthesia."	1.28	[Cardiac arrest during anesthesia induction with halothane and succinylcholine in an infant. Massive hyperkalemia and rhabdomyolysis in suspected myopathy and/or malignant hyperthermia]. ( Bachour, H; Mehler, J; Simons, F; Wolpers, K, 1991)
" Plasma K+ levels in rats exposed to a fractionated irradiated dosage (2500 R given twice with a 1-week interval) followed by SCh 1 week later were similar to those in the control group, but when SCh was given 2 weeks later (3 weeks after initial irradiation) there was a marked elevation of plasma K+, from 3."	1.26	Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in the rat following radiation injury to muscle. ( Cairoli, VJ; Ivankovich, AD; Patel, K; Vucicevic, D, 1982)
"The other five had signs of infection for no more than 9 days."	1.26	Suxamethonium-induced hyperkalaemia in patients with severe intra-abdominal infections. ( Baur, H; Kohlschütter, B; Roth, F, 1976)

Research

Studies (198)

Authors

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Recovery Time of T1 to 90% Baseline

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	102 (51.52)	18.7374
1990's	44 (22.22)	18.2507
2000's	25 (12.63)	29.6817
2010's	25 (12.63)	24.3611
2020's	2 (1.01)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Huang, L	1
Sang, CN	1
Desai, MS	1
Plane, AF	2
Marsan, PE	2
du Cheyron, D	2
Valette, X	2
Strachan, J	1
Frise, M	1
Katz, JA	1
Murphy, GS	1
Fancher, J	1
Meola, G	1
Paolo, W	1
Seabury, R	1
Zhang, X	1
Cheng, Q	1
Li, L	1
Shangguan, L	1
Li, C	1
Li, S	1
Huang, F	1
Zhang, J	1
Wang, R	1
Brown, TC	1
Segura, LG	1
Lorenz, JD	1
Weingarten, TN	2
Scavonetto, F	1
Bojanić, K	2
Selcen, D	1
Sprung, J	2
Koster, TD	1
Kooistra, WE	1
Tuinman, AG	1
Raja, W	1
Waheed, S	1
Ganigara, A	1
Ravishankar, C	1
Ramavakoda, C	1
Nishtala, M	1
Ayach, T	1
Nappo, RW	1
Paugh-Miller, JL	1
Ross, EA	1
Alvarellos, ML	1
McDonagh, EM	1
Patel, S	1
McLeod, HL	1
Altman, RB	1
Klein, TE	1
Jacknin, G	2
Overbeck, MC	2
Stambolija, V	1
Stambolija, TP	1
Holjevac, JK	1
Murselovic, T	1
Radonic, J	1
Duzel, V	1
Duplancic, B	1
Uzun, S	1
Zivanovic-Posilovic, G	1
Kolenc, D	1
Drmic, D	1
Romic, Z	1
Seiwerth, S	1
Sikiric, P	1
Strayer, RJ	1
Rawicz, M	1
Brandom, BW	1
Wolf, A	1
Gurnaney, H	1
Brown, A	1
Litman, RS	1
Gronert, GA	11
Hor, JY	1
Gurrieri, C	1
Kivela, JE	1
Gavrilova, RH	1
Flick, RP	1
Turner, MR	1
Lawrence, H	1
Arnold, I	1
Ansorge, O	1
Talbot, K	1
Frederiksen, B	1
Steensen, M	1
Carl, P	1
Levine, M	1
Brown, DF	1
Prakash, S	1
Galluccio, S	1
Blanié, A	1
Ract, C	1
Leblanc, PE	1
Cheisson, G	1
Huet, O	1
Laplace, C	1
Lopes, T	1
Pottecher, J	1
Duranteau, J	1
Vigué, B	1
Mégret, F	1
Perrier, V	1
Fleureau, C	1
Germain, A	1
Dewitte, A	1
Rozé, H	1
Ouattara, A	1
Plaud, B	1
Huggins, RM	1
Kennedy, WK	1
Melroy, MJ	1
Tollerton, DG	1
Schwartz, D	1
Connelly, NR	1
Manikantan, P	1
Nichols, JH	1
Al-Takrouri, H	1
Martin, TW	1
Mayhew, JF	1
Levitan, R	1
Martyn, JA	2
Richtsfeld, M	1
Puura, A	1
Schultz, R	1
Kettler, RE	1
Jeevendra Martyn, JA	1
Fukushima, Y	1
Chon, JY	1
Yang, HS	1
Matthews, JM	2
Pang, YL	1
Tseng, FL	1
Tsai, YC	1
Liu, YC	1
Piotrowski, AJ	1
Fendler, WM	1
Holak, EJ	1
Connelly, JF	1
Pagel, PS	1
Danladi, KY	1
Sotunmbi, PT	1
Eyelade, OR	1
Driessen, JJ	1
Azar, I	1
Vatashsky, E	1
Aronson, HB	1
Erkola, O	1
Salmenperä, A	1
Kuoppamäki, R	1
Sterns, RH	1
Cox, M	1
Feig, PU	1
Singer, I	1
Radnay, PA	1
El-Gaweet, ES	1
Novakovic, M	1
Badola, R	1
Cizmar, S	1
Duncalf, D	1
Courvoisier, C	1
Forster, A	1
Chastonay, PN	1
Gemperlé, M	1
Barnett, WM	1
Paris, PM	1
Stewart, RD	1
Koller, ME	1
Breivik, H	1
Greider, P	1
Jones, DJ	1
Smith, RB	4
Khan, TZ	1
Khan, RM	1
Walts, LF	1
Durant, NN	1
Katz, RL	1
Kay, NH	1
Blogg, CE	1
Gravlee, GP	1
Cairoli, VJ	1
Ivankovich, AD	1
Vucicevic, D	1
Patel, K	1
Garnacho de Vega, A	1
Romero González, R	1
Rey, C	1
Ollagnier, M	1
Descotes, J	1
Lièvre, M	1
Timour-Chah, Q	1
Faucon, G	1
Trevilla Guerrero, JM	1
Mateo Cañas, J	1
Escudero Fonbuena, J	1
Alonso Muñoz, A	1
Otero González, M	1
Zhuang, XL	1
Zhou, JC	1
Popović, BM	1
Iwatsuki, N	2
Kuroda, N	1
Amaha, K	2
Iwatsuki, K	1
Akaishi, T	1
Bedford, RF	1
Kovarik, WD	1
Morray, JP	1
Badetti, C	1
Manelli, JC	1
Parker, SF	1
Bailey, A	1
Drake, AF	1
Dalman, JE	1
Verhagen, WI	1
Griner, RL	1
Tobin, JR	1
Lee, G	1
Antognini, JF	4
Book, WJ	1
Abel, M	1
Eisenkraft, JB	1
Sullivan, M	1
Thompson, WK	1
Hill, GD	1
O'Connor, RL	1
Weinstock, A	1
van der Bijl, P	1
Roelofse, JA	2
Berry, FA	1
Burger, GA	1
Howard, R	1
Yanez, P	1
Mark, K	1
Dornan, RI	1
Royston, D	1
Brink, HS	1
van Leeuwen, SJ	1
Booij, LH	1
Guha, A	1
Das, BN	1
Sengupta, S	1
Das, BK	1
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Crossover Design Study To Compare The Rocuronium Reversal By Sugammadex To Succinylcholine For Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)[NCT03532178]	Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

The time of neuromuscular recovery from sugammadex 4mg/kg dose reversal rocuronium at 0.6 mg/kg compared with traditionally used succinylcholine in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). (NCT03532178)
Timeframe: 30 minutes

Number of Participants With Treatment or Emergent Adverse Events of the Drugs

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Muscle Relaxant #1	6.79
Muscle Relaxant #2	10.97

To document the side-effect profiles of sugammadex reversal of rocuronium and succhinylcholine in the ECT patient population (NCT03532178)
Timeframe: 24 hours after the procedure

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Nausea	Myalgia	Headache
Rocuronium + Sugammadex	1	1	7
Succinylcholine + Normal Saline	3	2	9

Article	Year
Anesthetic consideration for neuromuscular diseases. Current opinion in anaesthesiology, 2017, Volume: 30, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; gamma-Cyclodextrins; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intraoperative Com	2017
Postoperative hyperkalemia. European journal of internal medicine, 2015, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing	2015
PharmGKB summary: succinylcholine pathway, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 2015, Volume: 25, Issue:12 Topics: Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Mali	2015
Malignant hyperthermia and muscular dystrophies. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2009, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child; Child, Preschool; Evidence-Based Medicine; F	2009
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. Anesthesiology, 2006, Volume: 104, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Muscle, Skeletal; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Receptors, Choli	2006
Muscle relaxants in burns, trauma, and critical illness. International anesthesiology clinics, 2006,Spring, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Burns; Critical Illness; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratracheal; Neuromuscular Nondepolariz	2006
Neuromuscular and mitochondrial disorders: what is relevant to the anaesthesiologist? Current opinion in anaesthesiology, 2008, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesiology; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Malignant H	2008
The response of patients with neuromuscular disorders to muscle relaxants: a review. Anesthesiology, 1984, Volume: 61, Issue:2 Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Curare; Hemiplegia; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Malignant Hyperthermia; Mul	1984
Internal potassium balance and the control of the plasma potassium concentration. Medicine, 1981, Volume: 60, Issue:5 Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Aldosterone; Cardiac Glycosides; Catecholamines; Extracellular Space; Familial	1981
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Article	Year
A Chronology for the Identification and Disclosure of Adverse Effects of Succinylcholine. Journal of anesthesia history, 2019, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Drug Approval; Drug Development; Drug Industry; History, 20th Century; Humans; Hyperkalemia	2019
Life-threatening hyperkalaemia after succinylcholine - Authors' reply. Lancet (London, England), 2020, 01-18, Volume: 395, Issue:10219 Topics: Humans; Hyperkalemia; Potassium; Succinylcholine	2020
Life-threatening hyperkalaemia after succinylcholine. Lancet (London, England), 2020, 01-18, Volume: 395, Issue:10219 Topics: Electrocardiography; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	2020
Retrospective assessment of succinylcholine use in acute stroke care: What are the risks? The American journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 36, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Critical Care; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Middle Ag	2018
Rapidly changing ECG in hyperkalaemia after succinylcholine. Lancet (London, England), 2019, 05-11, Volume: 393, Issue:10184 Topics: Electrocardiography; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory D	2019
Supramolecular therapeutics to treat the side effects induced by a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. Theranostics, 2019, Volume: 9, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Heart A	2019
Unexpected complications during anesthesia. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2014, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anaphylaxis; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Child; Chloroform; Drug Hypersensitivity;	2014
Anesthesia and Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy: review of 117 anesthetic exposures. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 23, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Contraindications; Databases, F	2013
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Cardiac arrest after succinylcholine administration in a patient recovering from Guillain-Barre syndrome. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 2014, Volume: 24, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male;	2014
Fatal hyperkalemia following succinylcholine administration in a child on oral propranolol. Drug metabolism and personalized therapy, 2015, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Drug Interactions; Fatal Outcome; Fem	2015
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BPC 157: The counteraction of succinylcholine, hyperkalemia, and arrhythmias. European journal of pharmacology, 2016, Jun-15, Volume: 781 Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hyperkalemia; Immobility Response,	2016
Succinylcholine, rocuronium, and hyperkalemia. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2016, Volume: 34, Issue:8 Topics: Androstanols; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Rocuronium; Succinylcholine	2016
Succinylcholine in ED Patients With Unanticipated Hyperkalemia: The authors respond. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2016, Volume: 34, Issue:8 Topics: Androstanols; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Rocuronium; Succinylcholine	2016
The place of suxamethonium in pediatric anesthesia. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2009, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia; Child; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Malignant Hyperthermia; Masseter Muscle; Muscular Diseases;	2009
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Anesthetic considerations in mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome: a case series. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, General; Child; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hyponat	2011
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Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with multiple sclerosis. The Journal of emergency medicine, 2012, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratracheal; Multiple Sclerosis; Muscle	2012
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The limits of succinylcholine for critically ill patients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2012, Volume: 115, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Critical Care; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratrachea	2012
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Hyperkalemia and pyloric stenosis. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2003, Volume: 97, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthesia; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Infant; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neuromuscular Nondepola	2003
Hyperkalemic cardiac arrest following succinylcholine administration: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in an emergency situation. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2004, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Emergencies; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenati	2004
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Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Anesthesiology, 1980, Volume: 53, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Body Weight; Female; Hemiplegia; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intracranial Aneurysm; Male; Mid	1980
A possible mechanism of succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia. Anesthesiology, 1980, Volume: 53, Issue:4 Topics: Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1980
[Upper-motor neuron lesion and succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia (author's transl)]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 1980, Volume: 29, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia;	1980
Succinylcholine: changes in labeling. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1995, Volume: 81, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Child; Drug Labeling; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Age	1995
Hyperkalemic cardiac arrest after succinylcholine administration in a child with purpura fulminans. Anesthesiology, 1995, Volume: 83, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Purpura; Succinylcholine	1995
Infant hyperkalemic arrest after succinylcholine. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1995, Volume: 80, Issue:1 Topics: Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Infant; Male; Succinylcholine	1995
Cardiac arrest in Guillain-Barré syndrome and the use of suxamethonium. Acta neurologica Belgica, 1994, Volume: 94, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Polyradiculoneuropathy;	1994
Probable succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a trauma victim after recent benign anesthetics with succinylcholine. CRNA : the clinical forum for nurse anesthetists, 1994, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Multiple Trauma; Succinylcholine	1994
Complete recovery after prolonged resuscitation and cardiopulmonary bypass for hyperkalemic cardiac arrest. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1994, Volume: 79, Issue:1 Topics: Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkal	1994
Should calcium be used to treat hyperkalemia after succinylcholine? Anesthesiology, 1994, Volume: 80, Issue:6 Topics: Calcium; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Malignant Hyperthermia; Resuscitation; Succinylcholine	1994
Succinylcholine-induced cardiac arrest in children with undiagnosed myopathy. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1994, Volume: 41, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Arrhythmia, Sinus; Bradycardia; Child, Preschool; Creatine Kinase; Heart Ar	1994
Further considerations on succinylcholine-induced cardiac arrest. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 76, Issue:5 Topics: Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1993
Succinylcholine and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Anesthesiology, 1993, Volume: 79, Issue:2 Topics: Epinephrine; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Muscular Dystrophies; Succinylcholine	1993
Succinylcholine causes profound hyperkalemia in hemorrhagic, acidotic rabbits. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 77, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperkalemia; Rabbits; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Succinylch	1993
Acidosis and [K+]. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 76, Issue:3 Topics: Blood; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperkalemia; Risk Factors; Succinylcholine	1993
Prolonged d-tubocurarine infusion and/or immobilization cause upregulation of acetylcholine receptors and hyperkalemia to succinylcholine in rats. Anesthesiology, 1996, Volume: 84, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Hyperkalemia; Immobilization; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neuromu	1996
Hyperkalaemia associated with haemorrhagic shock in rabbits: modification by succinylcholine, vecuronium and blood transfusion. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1995, Volume: 39, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Blood Transfusion; Carbon Dioxide; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neuromu	1995
Suxamethonium-related hyperkalaemic cardiac arrest in intensive care. Anaesthesia, 1995, Volume: 50, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Critical Care; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents;	1995
[Suxamethonium risky in intensive care]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1996, Jun-22, Volume: 140, Issue:25 Topics: Child, Preschool; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Succinylcholine; Ve	1996
Hyperkalaemic cardiac arrest. Use of suxamethonium should be avoided. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1996, Sep-14, Volume: 313, Issue:7058 Topics: Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Succinylcholine	1996
Hyperkalaemia, suxamethonium and malignancy. Anaesthesia, 1996, Volume: 51, Issue:10 Topics: Colonic Neoplasms; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Paran	1996
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia following prolonged pharmacologic neuromuscular blockade. Chest, 1997, Volume: 111, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing A	1997
Hyperkalemic cardiac arrest during anesthesia in infants and children with occult myopathies. Clinical pediatrics, 1997, Volume: 36, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia; Child; Child, Preschool; Confidence Intervals; Databases, Factual; Female; H	1997
[Succinylcholine induces hyperpotassemia in patients in critically ill patients]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 1996, Volume: 43, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; N	1996
Suxamethonium and cardiac arrest. Singapore medical journal, 1997, Volume: 38, Issue:7 Topics: Fatal Outcome; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Age	1997
Hyperkalaemic cardiac arrest following succinylcholine in a longterm intensive care patient. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1997, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Atracurium; Coronary Artery Bypass; Critical Care; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Immobilizatio	1997
Suxamethonium-induced cardiac arrest and death following 5 days of immobilization. European journal of anaesthesiology, 1998, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Drug Hypersensitivity; Fatal Outcome; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Meningitis;	1998
Succinylcholine-induced cardiac arrest in unsuspected becker muscular dystrophy--a case report. Acta anaesthesiologica Sinica, 1998, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Child, Preschool; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Muscular Dystrophies; Neuromuscular Depo	1998
Succinylcholine induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest death related to an EEG study. Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society, 1999, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Electroencephalography; Fatal Outcome; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intensive Care Units; Mal	1999
Succinylcholine hyperkalemia after burns. Anesthesiology, 1999, Volume: 91, Issue:1 Topics: Burns; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Succinylcholine	1999
An unexpected hyperkalemic response to succinylcholine during electroconvulsive therapy for catatonic schizophrenia. Anesthesiology, 1999, Volume: 91, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; S	1999
Suxamethonium and critical illness polyneuropathy. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1999, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Critical Illness; Data Collection; Drug Utilization; Humans; Hype	1999
Cardiac arrest due to succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with wound botulism. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2000, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Botulism; Heart Arrest; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Neuromuscular Depolari	2000
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and rhabdomyolysis in a patient with necrotizing pancreatitis. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2000, Volume: 91, Issue:6 Topics: Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Obesity; Pancreatitis, A	2000
Unexpected hyperkalemia following succinylcholine administration in prolonged immobilized parturients treated with magnesium and ritodrine. Anesthesiology, 2000, Volume: 93, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Atropine; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Magnesium; Magn	2000
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy. Critical care medicine, 2001, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute;	2001
Hyperkalaemic cardiac arrest in a manifesting carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy following general anaesthesia. European journal of pediatrics, 2001, Volume: 160, Issue:9 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child, Preschool; Female; Halothane; Heart Arrest; Hum	2001
Can succinylcholine be used safely in hyperkalemic patients? Anesthesia and analgesia, 2002, Volume: 95, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hyp	2002
Serum cholinesterase activity in burned patients. II: anaesthesia, suxamethonium and hyperkalaemia. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1975, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia; Apnea; Burns; Carbon Dioxide; Child; Cholinesterases; Electroca	1975
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with a closed head injury. Anesthesiology, 1979, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Craniocerebral Trauma; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Succinylcholine	1979
Hazards of succinylcholine administration during electrotherapy. Archives of general psychiatry, 1978, Volume: 35, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases	1978
Paraplegia: succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 1978, Volume: 59, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Muscles;	1978
[Interaction of suxamethonium and D-tubocurarine with respect to hyperkalemia. Analysis of phase II of dual block]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 1978, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cats; Drug Antagonism; Female; Hyperkalemia; Male; Nerve Block; Succinylcholin	1978
Hyperkalemia following succinylcholine. Arizona medicine, 1977, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Burns; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine; Wounds and	1977
Anesthesia for surgery of the spine and spinal cord. International anesthesiology clinics, 1977,Fall, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia; Heart Arrest; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hypotension; Intubation, Intratracheal;	1977
Suxamethonium-induced hyperkalaemia in patients with severe intra-abdominal infections. British journal of anaesthesia, 1976, Volume: 48, Issue:6 Topics: Abdomen, Acute; Abscess; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Infections; Male; Middle Aged; N	1976
Onset of succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia following denervation. Anesthesiology, 1976, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Femoral Nerve; Hyperkalemia; Muscle Denervation; Papio; Postoperative Complications; Potass	1976
[Changes of potassium level in the serum and of lactic acid in whole blood following lysthenon injection in the horse]. Tierarztliche Praxis, 1976, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hyperkalemia; Lactates; Male; Potassium; Succinylcholine	1976
Neurosurgical anesthesia. The Surgical clinics of North America, 1975, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Brain Stem; Carbon Dioxide; Central Nervous System; Cerebral Angiography; C	1975
Succinylcholine-induced ventricular fibrillation in the paralyzed urology patient. The Journal of urology, 1975, Volume: 113, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Cell Membrane; Contracture; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Leg; Male;	1975
Pathophysiology of hyperkalemia induced by succinylcholine. Anesthesiology, 1975, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atrophy; Contracture; Dogs; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Immobilization; Muscle Den	1975
[General anesthesia for electroshock therapy]. L'Encephale, 1975, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1975
The role of muscle trauma in the production of hyperkalaemia following suxamethonium [proceedings]. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1975, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Topics: Creatine Kinase; Electroshock; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Muscles; Muscular Diseases; Potassium;	1975
[Suxamethonium-induced hyperkalaemia in patients with severe intraabdominal infections (author's transl)]. Der Anaesthesist, 1976, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Abscess; Adult; Burns; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Middle Aged; Muscles; Nervou	1976
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia 8 weeks after a brief paraplegic episode. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Contraindications; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Paraplegia; Succinylcholine; Time Factors	1992
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemic arrest in a patient with severe metabolic acidosis and exsanguinating hemorrhage. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Contraindications; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Postpartum Hemorrhag	1992
Anesthetic management in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease; Humans; Hyperkalemia; International Agencies; Risk; Succinylcholine; Su	1992
Suxamethonium is contraindicated in the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1991, Volume: 54, Issue:11 Topics: Contraindications; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Polyradiculoneuropathy; Succinylcholine	1991
[Cardiac arrest during anesthesia induction with halothane and succinylcholine in an infant. Massive hyperkalemia and rhabdomyolysis in suspected myopathy and/or malignant hyperthermia]. Der Anaesthesist, 1991, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Cardiomyopathies; Halothane; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Infant; Mal	1991
Suxamethonium and intensive care. Anaesthesia, 1991, Volume: 46, Issue:4 Topics: Critical Care; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1991
Hyperkalaemia, cardiac arrest, suxamethonium and intensive care. Anaesthesia, 1990, Volume: 45, Issue:11 Topics: Critical Care; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Middle Aged; Suc	1990
Succinylcholine does not increase serum potassium levels in patients with acutely ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1990, Volume: 70, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intracranial Aneurysm; Male; Middle Aged; Potassium; Rupture, S	1990
Succinylcholine and Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1990, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Muscular Dystrophies; Succinylcholine	1990
Parkinsonism and the anaesthetist. British journal of anaesthesia, 1989, Volume: 62, Issue:5 Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Succinylcholine	1989
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 70, Issue:3 Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Bone Neoplasms; Child, Preschool; Electrocardiography; Humans; Hyperkalemia; I	1989
Hyperkalaemia and cardiac arrest after the use of suxamethonium in intensive care. Anaesthesia, 1988, Volume: 43, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Critical Care; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Succinylcholine	1988
[The effect of succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia following pancuronium pretreatment]. Ma zui xue za zhi = Anaesthesiologica Sinica, 1988, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Junction; Pancuronium; Potassium; Pr	1988
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in near-drowning. Anesthesiology, 1987, Volume: 66, Issue:5 Topics: Child, Preschool; Drowning; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1987
Hyperkalemia after succinylcholine administration in a patient with closed head injury without paresis. Anesthesiology, 1987, Volume: 67, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia; Craniocerebral Trauma; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Hyperkalemia; Male; Paresis; Succin	1987
The effect of diazepam in the prevention of succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia. AANA journal, 1986, Volume: 54, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Hyperkalemia; Rabbits; Succinylcholine	1986
Use of succinylcholine during elective pediatric anesthesia should be reevaluated. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1987, Volume: 66, Issue:11 Topics: Creatine Kinase; Heart Arrest; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Infant; Male; Muscular Dystro	1987
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in near-drowning. Anesthesiology, 1987, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: Drowning; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1987
Duchenne muscular dystrophy and malignant hyperthermia--two case reports. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1986, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Child, Preschool; Fentanyl; Halothane; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Infant; Male; M	1986
Suxamethonium-induced hyperkalaemia following cold injury. Anaesthesia, 1986, Volume: 41, Issue:7 Topics: Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hypothermia, Induced; Infant; Male; Reoperation; Su	1986
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia complicating the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Annals of internal medicine, 1987, Volume: 106, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome; Rhabdomyolysis; Succinylcholine	1987
[Hyperkalemia induced by succinylcholine injection in woman with metabolic acidosis]. Ma zui xue za zhi = Anaesthesiologica Sinica, 1986, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Malignant Hyperthermia; Succinylcholine	1986
Does hyperkalemia contraindicate the use of bupivacaine or the use of succinylcholine to treat bupivacaine-induced toxicity in humans? Anesthesiology, 1985, Volume: 62, Issue:2 Topics: Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; Brachial Plexus; Bupivacaine; Heart; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Nerve Bloc	1985
Succinylcholine and polyneuropathy. Anesthesiology, 1985, Volume: 63, Issue:2 Topics: Humans; Hyperkalemia; Neuromuscular Diseases; Succinylcholine; Tachycardia	1985
[Dangerous increase in serum potassium following succinylcholine administration]. Der Anaesthesist, 1971, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Bicarbonates; Burns; Calcium; Child, Preschool; Female; Gluconates; Heart Arrest; Heart Massa	1971
[Cardiovascular disorders and hyperkalemia following succinylcholine]. Der Anaesthesist, 1971, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Bradycardia; Cardiovascular Diseases; Electrocardiography; Heart Arrest; Human	1971
[Influence of d-tubocurarine on succinylcholine hyperkalemia]. Zeitschrift fur praktische Anasthesie und Wiederbelebung, 1971, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Electrocardiography; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Paraplegia; Potassium; Succiny	1971
Suxamethonium hyperkalaemia in uraemic neuropathy. Anaesthesia, 1973, Volume: 28, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Amyloidosis; Anesthesia; Bronchoscopy; Demyelinating Diseases; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Kidney F	1973
[A theory of the mechanisms responsible for the side-effects of suxamethonium (author's transl)]. Zeitschrift fur praktische Anasthesie, Wiederbelebung und Intensivtherapie, 1973, Volume: 8, Issue:4 Topics: Action Potentials; Electrocardiography; Heart; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Muscle Contraction; Receptors,	1973
Changes in serum potassium after suxamethonium in children. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1974, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Anesthesia; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Hyperkalemia;	1974
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia: a review of the literature. The Journal of the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, 1972, Volume: 40, Issue:5 Topics: Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1972
Malignant hyperthermia: current trends in treatment. The New Zealand medical journal, 1973, Volume: 77, Issue:489 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Creatine Kinase; Cryosurgery; Humans; Hyperkalemia; M	1973
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. Archives of otolaryngology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1972, Volume: 96, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Brain Concussion; Dexamethasone; Femoral Fractures; Heart	1972
[Suxamethonium-induced hyperkalemia in patients with spinal cord lesions]. Zentralblatt fur Neurochirurgie, 1972, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Spinal; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Ma	1972
Succinylcholine induced hyperkalaemia in patients with strabismus. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1973, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adult; Anesthesia, Endotracheal; Child; Halothane; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Intu	1973
Malignant hyperthermia: a catastrophic complication. The Journal of urology, 1973, Volume: 109, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Bicarbonates; Cryotherapy; Halothane; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Insulin; Malignant	1973
[Post-succinylcholine hyperkalemia]. Canadian Medical Association journal, 1973, Jun-23, Volume: 108, Issue:12 Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Burns; Central Nervous System Diseases; Curare; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hypersen	1973
Cardiovascular collapse following succinylcholine in a paraplegic patient. Paraplegia, 1973, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Electrocardiography; Fentanyl; Gallamine Triethiodide; Heart Arrest;	1973
[Serum potassium changes after succinylcholine (effect of tubocurarine on them)]. Chirurgia, 1973, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Potas	1973
Encephalitis and a hyperkalemic response to succinycholine. Anesthesiology, 1974, Volume: 40, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Electrocardiography; Encephalitis; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Suc	1974
[Dangerous hyperkalemia due to succinylcholine in patients with severe muscular paralysis]. Chirurgia, 1974, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Paraplegia; Spinal Cord Compression; Sp	1974
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in patients with renal failure? Anesthesiology, 1972, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Creatine Kinase; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Kidney Fai	1972
[Changes in blood potassium in cats under different experimental conditions]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 1972, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Heart; Hyperkalemia; Nephrectomy; Potassium; Succinylcholine;	1972
Anesthetic malignant myopathy hyperthermia. Archives of otolaryngology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1972, Volume: 96, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Adolescent; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Autopsy; Brain Edema; Cold Temperature; Female; Haloth	1972
Serum potassium changes after succinylcholine in swine with thermal trauma or sciatic nerve section. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1971, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Burns; Carbon Dioxide; Denervation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperkalemia; Injections, I	1971
Serum potassium changes after succinylcholine in patients with acute massive muscle trauma. Anesthesiology, 1971, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Muscles; Potassium; Succinylcholine	1971
Suxamethonium-induced cardiac arrest in unsuspected pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. Case report. British journal of anaesthesia, 1971, Volume: 43, Issue:10 Topics: Atropine; Child, Preschool; Electrocardiography; Electromyography; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; H	1971
[Cardiac arrest after suxamethonium]. Der Anaesthesist, 1971, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Sepsis; Succinyl	1971
[Clinical importance of blood potassium changes following administration of succinylcholine]. Minerva anestesiologica, 1971, Volume: 37, Issue:12 Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Extracorporeal Circulation; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Postoperative Complic	1971
Succinylcholine: neurological disease, hyperkalemia and cardiovascular collapse. The Journal of the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, 1971, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Hyperkalemia; Nervous System Diseases; Nursing; Succinylcholine	1971
Succinylcholine and trauma. JAMA, 1969, Oct-20, Volume: 210, Issue:3 Topics: Humans; Hyperkalemia; Phenytoin; Potassium; Procaine; Succinylcholine; Tubocurarine; Wounds and Inju	1969
Massive hyperkalemia after administration of succinylcholine. Anesthesiology, 1970, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Cerebral Ventricles; Electrocardiography; Electrolytes; Humans; Hyperkalemi	1970
Succinylcholine--danger in the spinal-cord-injured patient. Anesthesiology, 1970, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Athletic Injuri	1970
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in dogs with transected sciatic nerves or spinal cords. Anesthesiology, 1970, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Central Nervous System Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Elec	1970
Paraplegia, succinylcholine and cardiac arrest. Anesthesiology, 1970, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Halothane; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Military Medicine; Para	1970
Potassium response to succinylcholine. JAMA, 1970, Jan-12, Volume: 211, Issue:2 Topics: Burns; Curare; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Potassium; Succinylcholine; Wounds and Injuries	1970
Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in neuromuscular disease. JAMA, 1970, Sep-14, Volume: 213, Issue:11 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Central Nervous System Diseases; Chlorides; Chronic Disea	1970
Prevention of succinylcholine-induced hyperkalaemia by magnesium sulfate. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1970, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Electrocardiography; Heart Rate; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Magnesium; Ma	1970
Gas exchange in renal failure. British medical journal, 1971, May-22, Volume: 2, Issue:5759 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acute Kidney Injury; Carbon Dioxide; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Succinylcholine	1971
Malignant hypertonic hyperpyrexia syndrome. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1969, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Child; Cyanosis; Female; Fever; Halothane; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hypothermia	1969
Three cases of malignant hyperthermia with special consideration of management. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1969, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Child, Preschool; Female; Fever; Halothane; Humans; Hyperka	1969
The clinical importance of hyperkalaemia following suxamethonium administration. British journal of anaesthesia, 1969, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Child, Preschool; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Male; Middle Aged; Succin	1969

succinylcholine and Hyperkalemia