strychnine and Tetanus

Topics: Animals; Anura; Arsenic Poisoning; Botulism; Cat Diseases; Cats; Central Nervous System Diseases; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Insecticides; Lead Poisoning; Mercury Poisoning; Organophosphorus Compounds; Plant Poisoning; Polyneuropathies; Strychnine; Tetanus; Thallium; Theobromine; Tick Paralysis

Topics: Animals; Biological Evolution; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Ceramides; Cerebrosides; Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Fatty Acids; Galactosidases; Gas Gangrene; Humans; Infant Nutrition Disorders; Insulin Coma; Nervous System Diseases; Phenylketonurias; Sphingolipidoses; Sphingosine; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Adolescent; Beverages; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Confusion; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrocardiography; Encephalitis, Viral; Epilepsy; Humans; Male; Muscle Rigidity; Phytotherapy; Poisoning; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The effect of daily intravenous administration of 1000 mg ascorbic acid (AA) in tetanus patients aged 1-30 years was studied. In the age group of 1-12 years, 31 patients were treated with AA as additional to antitetanus serum, sedatives and antibiotics. It was found that none of the patients died who received AA along with the conventional antitetanus therapy. On the other hand, 74.2 per cent of the tetanus patients who received the conventional antitetanus therapy without AA (control group) were succumbed to the infection. In the other age group of 13-30 years, there were 27 and 38 patients in the treatment and control groups respectively. The mortality in the AA and control groups were 37 percent and 67.8 percent respectively. These results suggest that AA might play an important role in reducing the mortality of tetanus. This was supported by the fact that AA was found to mitigate the toxic effects of strychnine producing tetanus like condition in young chicks in the present study.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Chickens; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Child; Humans; Male; Spasm; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Antidotes; Ataxia; Electromyography; Isonicotinic Acids; Male; Mephenesin; Mice; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Paralysis; Phenobarbital; Rabbits; Seizures; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxin

1. The maturation of the convulsogenic activity of the caudal brainstem and spinal cord in the developing albino rat was studied by intraperitoneal injections of strychnine sulphate.2. The observed responses were classed as hyperexcitability and hypertonic responses, graded 1 to 4. The complete tonic seizure (grade 4 hypertonic reaction, strychnine tetanus, maximal response) was obtained in all age groups, from birth to adulthood. The responses were grouped in sequences, and two patterns were distinguished: an infant one (from birth to 3 weeks) and an adult one (from 3 weeks on).3. All doses varied according to age. The curve obtained for the median convulsive dose falls into two parts: descending, from birth to 3 weeks, and ascending, from 3 weeks on. Each part corresponded to a sequence pattern, the descending one to the infant pattern, and the ascending one to the adult pattern.4. From these patterns and the corresponding median effective doses, three stages of the convulsogenic maturation of the spinal cord were distinguished: immaturity, pharmacological maturity and convulsogenic maturity.5. It is suggested that the mechanism responsible for the complete tonic seizure is fully functional from birth, while that responsible for clonic seizure only reaches full maturity at 3 weeks of age.

Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cauda Equina; Female; Male; Rats; Seizures; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Animals; Cats; Cordotomy; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Animals; Microscopy, Electron; Motor Neurons; Rats; Spasm; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxin

Topics: Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Motor Neurons; Red Nucleus; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Brain; Cats; Cerebellum; Electrophysiology; Interneurons; Research; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Brain; Cats; Electrophysiology; Neurons; Pharmacology; Pons; Reflex; Research; Reticular Formation; Spinal Nerves; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetanus; Toxicology

Topics: Brain; Cats; Decerebrate State; Mephenesin; Motor Neurons; Neurons; Neurophysiology; Pharmacology; Picrotoxin; Research; Reticular Formation; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetanus

Topics: Motor Neurons; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus

Topics: Convulsants; Phenol; Phenols; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxin; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Animals; Anura; Periodicity; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Clostridium tetani; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxin; Torso

Topics: Amidines; Animals; Cold Temperature; Guanidine; Guanidines; Mammals; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Central Nervous System; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Proprioception; Reflex; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Animals; Cats; Curare; Felis; Strychnine; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid