struvite and Staphylococcal-Infections

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Bacteriuria; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Phosphates; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Recurrence; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Struvite; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Ureteral Calculi

The pre-operative urine, pelvic urine, removed calculi and calculus washings were examined bacteriologically in 24 patients undergoing removal of intrarenal calculi. Four of seven patients with struvite calculi had an infected pre-operative midstream urine specimen and six of the seven removed calculi demonstrated significant bacterial growth. Proteus mirabilis was the commonest organism isolated. Of 17 patients with oxalate calculi only one had an infected pre-operative urine culture, but in four cases the removed stones were infected. Quantitative bacteriological culture of the stones and their washings demonstrated that infection is within the stone itself. Pre-operative urine culture failed to predict infection within the stone in 60% of patients with infected stones. The results suggest that the presence of infected urine together with the presence of renal calculus is indication for removal of the calculus.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacteriuria; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Male; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Oxalic Acid; Phosphates; Proteus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcal Infections; Struvite

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Phosphates; Proteus Infections; Proteus mirabilis; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Radiography; Staphylococcal Infections; Struvite; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Tract Infections

Magnesium ammonium phosphate calculi developed in the urinary bladders and urethras of four of five offspring of Miniature Schnauzer parents with recurrent struvite urolithiasis. Calculi were detected by radiograhy when the dogs were 12 to 15 months old. Males and females were affected. A significant number of urease-producing staphylococci were identified in the urine of three of four dogs before urolith formation, and in one dog after urolith formation. The dogs were evaluated until they were 26 months old. Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium were inside usual limits throughout the study. Abnormalities that might predispose to urinary tract infection were not identified by radiography or necropsy studies. In one dog, bladder calculi recurred after surgical removal of multiple cystoliths. In another, urethral obstruction and acute generalized pyelonephritis induced a lethal uremic crisis. Gross and microscopic lesions, detected after necropsy of all dogs with uroliths, were typical of bacterial infection.

Topics: Animals; Coagulase; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Male; Phosphates; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Radiography; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Struvite; Urease; Urinary Bladder Calculi; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections

Urease positive staphylococcal urinary tract infection was experimentally induced in 13 dogs. Eight dogs developed cystic and/or urethral struvite calculi in 2 to 8 weeks. No abnormalities in systemic cell mediated immunity were detected in dogs before or after the establishment of the urinary tract infection. Miniature schnauzers whose ancestors had developed stones seemed to be no more susceptible to experimental urinary tract infection and stone formation than miniature schnauzers or beagles whose ancestors did not develop stones.

Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Male; Phosphates; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Staphylococcal Infections; Struvite; Urethral Diseases; Urinary Bladder Calculi; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections