stilbenes and Schistosomiasis-mansoni

Schistosoma mansoni causes a major chronic debilitating disease in more than 230 million people around the world. The pathognomonic granuloma is a major cause of the oxidative stress encountered as a consequence of infection not only in the liver, but also in other important organs as spleen, lung, brain and kidney. Resveratrol administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg once daily for two weeks to mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni resulted in improvement in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Enzymatic antioxidant profile showed significant modulations in Superoxide dismutase, catalase activities and reduced glutathione levels. Specific biomarkers for homeostasis of brain and lung i.e. Tau and RAGE respectively, showed significant improvement after resveratrol administration.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Proteins; Brain; Catalase; Cholesterol; Glutathione; Kidney; Liver; Lung; Male; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; Resveratrol; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Spleen; Stilbenes; Superoxide Dismutase; tau Proteins; Triglycerides

Puag-Haad is a traditional anthelmintic drug used to treat taeniasis in Thailand and Lao PDR. It is derived from the aqueous extract of the plant Artocarpus lakoocha. We investigated the in vitro anthelmintic properties of Puag-Haad against Schistosoma mansoni. Adult worms were incubated in M-199 medium containing 250, 500 and 750 μg/ml of Puag-Haad or praziquantel (PZQ) at a concentration of 175 μg/ml for 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. The relative motility (RM value), survival index (SI) and tegument alterations seen under scanning electron microscope were assessed at each incubation time. The results showed the crude extract of A. lakoocha at a concentration of 250 μg/ml was more effective in causing damage than PZQ at a concentration of 175 μg/ml using RM and SI values. The major target organ affected by Puag-Haad was the tegument. The damage was greater at higher concentrations of the crude extract. It is likely tetrahydroxystilbene (THS), the main compound in Puag-Haad, caused the damage. THS could be a future candidate as a schistosomal drug. Further studies are needed to explore its mechanism, efficiency and safety in vivo.

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Laos; Plant Extracts; Praziquantel; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Stilbenes; Taeniasis; Thailand

The present study was designed to examine the potential preventive and curative effects of curcumin, resveratrol, imatinib, rosiglitazone, losartan and bosentan (BOS) on Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Induction of liver fibrosis was produced in male Swiss mice by subcutaneous injection of S. mansoni cercariae per mouse. Mice were left for 28 days before starting the experiment then mice were divided into two main groups. The first group was further subdivided into experimental groups and started drug treatment at day 28 after infection and continued for 2 weeks in order to evaluate the potential preventive effects of the mentioned drugs on S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis. The second group of mice were left for 2 weeks and then treated with praziquantel for two consecutive days to eradicate the worms and so stop egg disposition and further fibrosis development. Mice were then subdivided into the experimental groups and drug treatment was started for 2 weeks to evaluate their efficacy to decrease the developed fibrosis. At the end of the experiment period, mice were killed and serum was collected for the estimation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin and albumin. Liver tissue was taken for the estimation of hepatic hydroxyproline content and histopathological examination to confirm the biochemical results. Results of the study indicate that curcumin and imatinib have potent antifibrotic activity both in suppressing and reversing S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis, while resveratrol has beneficial effects only in suppressing the development of S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis.

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Benzamides; Bilirubin; Curcumin; Hydroxyproline; Imatinib Mesylate; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Mice; Piperazines; Pyrimidines; Resveratrol; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Serum Albumin; Stilbenes

Topics: Aniline Compounds; Schistosomiasis; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Stilbenes

Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antimony; Schistosomiasis; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Stilbenes