stilbenes and Rhinitis--Allergic

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is caused by an IgE-mediated inflammatory reaction consequent to the exposure to causal allergen. Resveratrol is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol, exerting anti-inflammatory activity; β-glucan is a polysaccharide with immuno-modulatory properties. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether these combined compounds are able of relieving nasal symptoms in children with AR due to pollen allergy.. The present study was conducted as placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and randomized. Globally, 68 children (36 males; mean age 7.9 years) were treated with resveratrol plus β-glucan or placebo (the diluent of active drug) two sprays (100 µL/spray) in each nostril three times/day for 2 months. Nasal symptoms, including itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and obstruction, were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Use of rescue medication, such as cetirizine syrup, was also evaluated.. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02130440.. Children treated with active drug achieved a significant reduction in all nasal symptoms: itching (p = 0.0001), sneezing (p = 0.0009), rhinorrhea (p = 0.009), and obstruction (0.002) as well as antihistamine use (p = 0.003). Placebo did not affect nasal complaints and cetirizine use. The intergroup analysis showed that active treatment was significantly superior to placebo about reduction of AR symptoms and rescue medication use.. The present preliminary study firstly showed that intranasal resveratrol plus carboxymethyl-β-glucan is capable of significantly improving nasal symptoms in children with pollen-induced AR.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Allergens; Anti-Allergic Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; beta-Glucans; Cetirizine; Child; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Male; Pollen; Resveratrol; Rhinitis, Allergic; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Stilbenes; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Chitin; Drug Combinations; Fallopia japonica; Female; Glucans; Humans; Male; Nasal Sprays; Recurrence; Respiratory Tract Infections; Resveratrol; Rhinitis, Allergic; Stilbenes; Treatment Outcome

The dietary modulation of gut microbiota, suggested to be involved in allergy processes, has recently attracted much interest. While several studies have addressed the use of fibres to modify intestinal microbial populations, information about other components, such as phenolic compounds, is scarce. The aim of this work was to identify the dietary components able to influence the microbiota in 23 subjects suffering from rhinitis and allergic asthma, and 22 age- and sex-matched controls. The food intake was recorded by means of an annual food frequency questionnaire. Dietary fibre tables were obtained from Marlett et al., and the Phenol-Explorer database was used to assess the phenolic compound intake. The quantification of microbial groups was performed using an Ion Torrent 16S rRNA gene-based analysis. The results showed a direct association between the intake of red wine, a source of stilbenes, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides, and between the intake of coffee, rich in phenolic acids, and the abundance of Clostridium, Lactococcus and Lactobacillus genera. Despite epidemiological analyses not establishing causality, these results support the association between polyphenol-rich beverages and faecal microbiota in allergic patients.

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Bacterial Load; Bacteroides; Clostridium; Coffee; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Feces; Female; Flavonoids; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Hydroxybenzoates; Hypersensitivity; Lactobacillus; Lactococcus; Male; Middle Aged; Phenols; Rhinitis, Allergic; Stilbenes; Wine

Resveratrol has anti-infective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resveratrol in a rat experimental model of allergic rhinitis (AR).. Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control (n=7), AR with no treatment (AR+NoTr, n=7) and AR with resveratrol treatment (AR+Res, n=7). For AR+Res, AR was induced and resveratrol given on days 21-28. On day 28, the total blood IgE levels were measured. Allergic symptoms (sneezing, nose-rubbing, eye lacrimation and nasal congestion) were scored on a 0-3 point scale, and histopathological changes in the nasal mucosa were evaluated.. Allergic symptom score of AR+NoTr was higher than the other two groups and the score of AR+Res was higher than the control group. Histopathologically, neither ciliary loss nor chondrocyte hypertrophy differed among the three groups; however, vascular congestion, inflammatory and plasma cell numbers, eosinophil and mast cell infiltration and goblet cell numbers were higher and mast cell infiltration was more prominent in AR+NoTr than in AR+Res and control. AR+Res and control did not differ significantly in any histological parameter. In AR+NoTr, nasal mucosa exhibited ciliary loss, squamous epithelial metaplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular congestion of the lamina propria and goblet cell epithelial metaplasia. In AR+Res, goblet cell metaplasia was focal or absent and infiltration of the lamina propria by inflammatory cells, eosinophils, and plasma cells was reduced relative to AR+NoTr.. Allergic symptoms and tissue reactions were reduced by resveratrol treatment in rats with experimentally-induced AR.

Topics: Animals; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Resveratrol; Rhinitis, Allergic; Stilbenes