stilbenes and Hypothermia

The antidepressant-like effect of trans-resveratrol, a phenolic compound present in polygonum cuspidatum, was evaluated through behavioral and neurochemical methods. trans-Resveratrol (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg, via gavage) significantly decreased the immobility time in mouse models of despair tests, but did not influence locomotor activity. Two behavioral models and neurochemical assays suggested that trans-resveratrol produced a significant increase in serotonin and noradrenaline levels at 40 or 80 mg/kg in brain regions. In addition, trans-resveratrol dose dependently inhibited MAO-A activity. These findings indicate that the antidepressant-like effect of trans-resveratrol might be related to serotonergic and noradrenergic activation.

Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Antioxidants; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Depression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fenclonine; Hindlimb Suspension; Hypothermia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Motor Activity; Norepinephrine; Resveratrol; Serotonin; Stereotyped Behavior; Stilbenes; Swimming

Dietary supplementation with resveratrol may produce calorie restriction-like effects on metabolic and longevity endpoints in mice. In this study, we sought to determine whether resveratrol treatment elicited other hallmark changes associated with calorie restriction, namely bradycardia and decreased body temperature. We found that during short-term treatment, wild-type mice on a calorie-restricted diet experienced significant decreases in both heart rate and body temperature after only 1 day whereas those receiving resveratrol exhibited no such change after 1 wk. We also used ob/ob mice to study the effects of long-term treatment because previous studies had indicated the therapeutic value of resveratrol against the linked morbidities of obesity and diabetes. After 12 wk, resveratrol treatment had produced no changes in either heart rate or body temperature. Strikingly, and in contrast to previous findings, we found that resveratrol-treated mice had significantly reduced endurance in a treadmill test. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction suggested that a proposed target of resveratrol, Sirt1, was activated in resveratrol-treated ob/ob mice. Thus, we conclude that the bradycardia and hypothermia associated with calorie restriction occur through mechanisms unaffected by the actions of resveratrol and that further studies are needed to examine the differential effects of resveratrol in a leptin-deficient background.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Bradycardia; Caloric Restriction; Exercise Test; Hypothermia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Obese; Obesity; Physical Endurance; Random Allocation; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Time Factors

Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Androgens; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Corticosterone; Estrogens; Female; Histamine; Humans; Hypothermia; Stilbenes; Testosterone; Tissue Extracts