stilbenes and Autoimmune-Diseases

Inflammation plays an important role in maintaining the body's homeostasis. It repairs the damaged tissues of the body resulting from injury or infection. In addition, a diverse array of diseases like hepatitis, arthritis and colitis has been reported and described to be associated with inflammatory processes. Some autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) emerge by the influence of numerous genes in complex environmental situations belong to inflammation. The currently available processes for curing inflammation and related disorders facilitate the use of non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Moreover, intolerable side effects are also associated with the consumption of these medications. It is well known that phenolic compounds, largely present in vegetables and fruits, serve as an integral part of normal human diet besides having great medicinal value. These are considered to reflect a variety of anti-inflammatory properties, and can be used as an alternate natural source for the prevention of chronic inflammatory disorders. This mini-review summarized the antiinflammatory benefits of plants derived very prominent dietary polyphenolic compounds particularly, Oleocanthal, Curcumin, Resveratrol and Quercetin.

Topics: Aldehydes; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Autoimmune Diseases; Curcumin; Cyclopentane Monoterpenes; Diet; Humans; Neutrophils; Phenols; Polyphenols; Quercetin; Resveratrol; Stilbenes

Today, we are facing a new era of digitization in the health care system, and with increased access to health care information has come a growing demand for safe, cost-effective and easy to administer therapies. Dietary habits have a crucial influence on human health, affecting an individual's risk for hypertension, heart disease and stroke, as well as influencing the risk of developing of cancer. Moreover, an individual's lifestyle choices can greatly influence the progression and manifestation of chronic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In light of these effects, it makes sense that the search for additional therapies to attenuate such diseases would include investigations into lifestyle modifications. When considering the complex web of factors that influence autoimmunity, it is not surprising to find that several dietary elements are involved in disease progression or prevention. In this Review, several common nutritional components of the human diet are presented, and the evidence for their effects on rheumatic diseases is discussed.

Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Capsaicin; Chocolate; Coffee; Curcumin; Diet; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Humans; Microbiota; Resveratrol; Rheumatic Diseases; Sodium Chloride; Stilbenes

Autophagy is an essential catabolic program that forms part of the stress response and enables cells to break down their own intracellular components within lysosomes for recycling. Accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy plays vital roles in determining pathological outcomes of immune responses and tumorigenesis. Autophagy regulates innate and adaptive immunity affecting the pathologies of infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. In cancer, autophagy appears to play distinct roles depending on the context of the malignancy by either promoting or suppressing key determinants of cancer cell survival. This review covers recent developments in the understanding of autophagy and discusses potential therapeutic interventions that may alter the outcomes of certain diseases.

Topics: Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Autophagy; Benzylisoquinolines; Cholecalciferol; Humans; Immune System Diseases; Immunity, Innate; Indoles; Infections; Isoquinolines; Lysosomes; Maprotiline; Metformin; Neoplasms; Phenols; Pyrroles; Resveratrol; Sirolimus; Spermidine; Stilbenes; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Trehalose

Autoimmune diseases are still considered to be pressing concerns due the fact that they are leaders in death and disability causes worldwide. Resveratrol is a polyphenol derived from a variety of foods and beverages, including red grapes and red wine. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties of resveratrol have been reported, and in some animal and human studies this compound reduced and ameliorated the progression of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Thus, this review aims to summarize and critically analyze the role of resveratrol in the modulation of several organ-specific or systemic autoimmune diseases.

Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Humans; Molecular Structure; Resveratrol; Stilbenes

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring compound contributing to cellular defense mechanisms in plants. Its use as a nutritional component and/or supplement in a number of diseases, disorders, and syndromes such as chronic diseases of the central nervous system, cancer, inflammatory diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases has prompted great interest in the underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The present review focuses on resveratrol, specifically its isomer trans-resveratrol, and its effects on intracellular calcium signaling mechanisms. As resveratrol's mechanisms of action are likely pleiotropic, its effects and interactions with key signaling proteins controlling cellular calcium homeostasis are reviewed and discussed. The clinical relevance of resveratrol's actions on excitable cells, transformed or cancer cells, immune cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells are contrasted with a review of the molecular mechanisms affecting calcium signaling proteins on the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. The present review emphasizes the correlation between molecular mechanisms of action that have recently been identified for resveratrol and their clinical implications.

Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Calcium Signaling; Humans; Resveratrol; Signal Transduction; Stilbenes

The immune system is balanced with cells that respond to microbes by developing into effector cells and cells that regulate the activity of effector cells. In many immune responses a subset of effector T cells termed Th17 are necessary for complete immunity because the cytokine IL-17 that they produce is critical to elimination of the pathogen. However, the activity of Th17 must be balance with development of regulatory T cells termed T(regs). Usually, when the activity of the effector cells is excessive and not balanced by regulatory cells of the immune system, there is the increased risk for development of autoimmune diseases. Therefore in many autoimmune diseases the activity of Th17 exceeds that of T(regs). Therapeutics for treatment of autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have focused upon immunosuppression, immunomodulation, or even immunoablation of effector cells such as Th17 followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Very few approaches have attempted to therapeutically increase immune regulatory cells such as T(regs) in the treatment of autoimmune disease. This review will focus upon the potential `or the use of resveratrol, a natural plant compound that has already been shown to be a potent anti-inflammatory compound, as a complementary therapeutic for MS that increases the activity of T(regs) even though it also increases development of Th17.

Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Th17 Cells

Myosin-induced autoimmune myocarditis of rats is a model of human dilated cardiomyopathy. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol found in grapes and wine that is reported to have cardioprotective and immunomodulatory effects.. To examine the effect of resveratrol on myocarditis, vehicle or resveratrol (50 mg/kg per day) was administered to cardiac myosin immunized rats 1 day before the immunization. At 14 days after immunization, resveratrol had preserved cardiac function of myosin-immunized rats according to echocardiographic analysis. The heart weight/tibial length ratio of vehicle-treated myosin-immunized rats was increased by 1.8-fold compared with unimmunized rats, and resveratrol attenuated the heart weight increase. Resveratrol significantly decreased cellular infiltration, fibrosis, and expression of inflammatory cytokines in the myocardium. Expressions of antioxidant genes were increased in myosin-immunized hearts, and resveratrol decreased those expressions. Resveratrol also attenuated myocarditis 21 days after immunization. SIRT1, a potential effector of resveratrol, was increased in the myocardium of myosin-immunized rats compared with unimmunized rats. The SIRT1 protein was localized mainly in infiltrating mononuclear cells.. Resveratrol significantly ameliorated myocardial injury and preserved cardiac function in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis. Resveratrol may be a therapeutic modality for myocarditis.

Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Cardiomegaly; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cardiotonic Agents; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Disease Models, Animal; Electrocardiography; Female; Inflammation; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Myocarditis; Myosins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Resveratrol; Sirtuin 1; Sirtuins; Stilbenes

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) with specificity for myeloperoxidase (MPO) are implicated as pathogenic agents in pauci-immune systemic vasculitis. In agreement with previously published observations we show that human neutrophils incubated with an MPO-specific IgG class monoclonal antibody are pro-adhesive and undergo apoptosis more readily in vitro. If apoptotic neutrophils are incubated with this antibody they are readily phagocytosed by macrophages and we show that 'blocking' antibodies to FcgammaRIIa (CD32) on the macrophage inhibit this process. We also examined the effect of E3MPO, a monoclonal anti-MPO antibody derived from a patient with severe systemic vasculitis. E3MPO is closely related to the cold-agglutinins and bears an epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody 9G4 which is expressed on antibodies derived from the V4-34 germ-line immunoglobulin gene. In previous studies, we have shown that anti-MPO antibodies present in sera from patients with vasculitis often bear this epitope. In contrast to the IgG-class antibody, incubation of neutrophils with E3MPO inhibited neutrophil adhesion and apoptosis. Apoptotic neutrophils however were phagocytosed more readily by macrophages in the presence of E3MPO. The effects of E3MPO on neutrophil adhesion and apoptosis were inhibited by piceatannol, an inhibitor of Syk-family kinases; activation of which is associated with cross-linking of the beta(2)-integrins. We show that surface-expressed MPO co-localizes with these beta(2)-integrins and suggest that cross-linking of beta(2)-integrin-bound MPO by polyvalent antibodies could result in signaling through these receptors. We have demonstrated that there are different consequences of Fcgamma-receptor-dependent and -independent signaling mediated by ANCA.

Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Animals; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Apoptosis; Autoantigens; Autoimmune Diseases; CD18 Antigens; Cell Adhesion; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme Precursors; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Macrophages; Mice; Neutrophils; Opsonin Proteins; Peroxidase; Phagocytosis; Phenethylamines; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, IgG; Signal Transduction; Stilbenes; Syk Kinase; Vasculitis

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Group Incompatibility; Chlormadinone Acetate; Congenital Abnormalities; Dydrogesterone; Female; Genitalia; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Hydroxyprogesterones; Infertility, Female; Menstruation Disturbances; Norethindrone; Norethynodrel; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Progestins; Psychosomatic Medicine; Stilbenes