stearates and Chronic-Disease

We have explored the causes of the major chronic diseases prevailing in the world and the relevant mechanisms as a sound basis for recommendations for their prevention. Research shows that the cocoa bean, and tasty products derived from the cocoa bean such as chocolate, and the beverage cocoa, popular with many people worldwide, is rich in specific antioxidants, with the basic structure of catechins and epicatechin, and especially the polymers procyanidins, polyphenols similar to those found in vegetables and tea. Metabolic epidemiological studies indicate that regular intake of such products increases the plasma level of antioxidants, a desirable attribute as a defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antioxidants in cocoa can prevent the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol, related to the mechanism of protection in heart disease. Likewise, a few studies show that ROS associated with the carcinogenic processes is also inhibited, although there have not been many studies on a possible lower risk of various types of cancer either in humans or in animal models consuming cocoa butter or chocolates. Based on the knowledge acquired thus far, it would seem reasonable to suggest inhibition of the several phases of the complex processes leading to cancer, as a function of quantitative intake of antioxidants, including those from cocoa and chocolates. Cocoa and chocolate also contain fats from cocoa butter. These are mainly stearic triglycerides (C18:0) that are less well absorbed than other fats, and are excreted in the feces. Thus, cocoa butter is less bioavailable and has minimal effect on serum cholesterol.

Topics: Antioxidants; Cacao; Cholesterol, LDL; Chronic Disease; Coronary Disease; Flavonoids; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Neoplasms; Phenols; Polymers; Polyphenols; Reactive Oxygen Species; Stearates

Topics: Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Chronic Disease; Consensus; Forensic Toxicology; Glucuronates; Hair; Hair Preparations; Humans; Myristates; Oleic Acids; Palmitic Acids; Stearates; Substance Abuse Detection

Plasma and sputum concentrations of erythromycin were measured in 10 patients with chronic bronchitis during an eight-day course of a new formulation of erythromycin stearate. The plasma erythromycin levels compared favourably with the minimal inhibitory concentrations for common respiratory pathogens and indicated adequate gastrointestinal absorption when the drug was taken immediately before food. Sputum erythromycin levels were variable and in some patients low or undetectable. Measurable sputum erythromycin levels were approximately 10% of plasma levels with no evidence of accumulation and were of similar order of magnitude to the minimal inhibitory concentrations for common respiratory pathogens except Haemophilus influenzae. There was no correlation between sputum and plasma erythromycin levels. There was a trend for higher erythromycin levels in sputum containing increasing amounts of pus and also when plasma levels increased.

Topics: Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Erythromycin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sputum; Stearates

As a follow-up of a preliminary trial, the therapeutic results obtained in 40 cases of acute and chronic dermatitis by the topical application of 10-undecen-1-yl-pseudothiourea hydroiodide (AHR-1911) in an evanescent vehicle containing triethanolamine stearate are presented. The treatment led to complete remission in 14/40 and to favorable results in 18/40 cases. In 2 out of 3 cases of infantile atopic dermatitis improvement was followed by relapse. The responsiveness to AHR-1911 of patients with delayed hypersensitivity, which requires steroids for treatment, is considered of clinical importance. The prompt action of the drug in acute dermatitis, such as is produced by insect-bites, appeared to be impressive. None of the total of 50 cases treated by the author with this new preparation showed any manifestation of intolerance or reaction to the drug.

Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Topical; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Child; Chronic Disease; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Contact; Drug Evaluation; Ethanolamines; Humans; Infant; Insect Bites and Stings; Isothiuronium; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Stearates; Thiourea

Topics: Acidosis; Alkalosis; Ammonia; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Chronic Disease; Citrates; Deamination; Dogs; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glutamine; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kidney; Lactates; Oleic Acids; Palmitates; Regional Blood Flow; Stearates