sq-23377 and Poultry-Diseases

The study aimed to evaluate cell surface mobilisation of CD107a as a general activation marker on chicken cytotoxic T cells (CTL). Experiments comprised establishment of an in vitro model for activation-induced CD107a mobilisation and design of a marker panel for the detection of CD107a mobilisation on chicken CTL isolated from different tissues. Moreover, CD107a mobilisation was analysed on CTL isolated from airways of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)-infected birds direct ex vivo and upon in vitro stimulation. Results showed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in combination with ionomycin was a consistent inducer of CD107a cell surface mobilisation on chicken CTL in a 4h cell culture model. In chickens experimentally infected with IBV, higher frequencies of CTL isolated from respiratory tissues were positive for CD107a on the cell surface compared to those from uninfected control chickens indicating in vivo activation. Moreover, upon in vitro PMA+ ionomycin stimulation, higher proportions of CTL isolated from the airways of IBV-infected chickens showed CD107a mobilisation compared to those from uninfected control chickens. Monitoring of CD107a cell surface mobilisation may thus be a useful tool for studies of chicken CTL cytolytic potential both in vivo and in vitro.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Avian Proteins; Biomarkers; Cells, Cultured; Chickens; Coronavirus Infections; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Flow Cytometry; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Infectious bronchitis virus; Ionomycin; Lymphocyte Activation; Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1; Poultry Diseases; Respiratory System; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

To determine functional responses of neonatal chicken and turkey heterophils to various inflammatory agonists.. 100 one-day-old chickens and turkeys.. Blood heterophils were isolated and stimulated for 30 minutes at 39 C with ionomycin, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonized zymosan (OZ), or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). Functional responses (shape change, adherence, phagocytosis, influx of intracellular calcium, and oxidative burst) of stimulated heterophils were measured and compared with responses of unstimulated (control) heterophils.. Turkey and chicken heterophils did not respond to FMLP stimulation. Stimulation of chicken and turkey heterophils with ionomycin resulted in significant increases in adherence, percentage of cells with a shape change, phagocytosis, intracellular calcium concentration, and oxidative burst. Turkey heterophils did not respond to PMA stimulation, whereas stimulation of chicken heterophils with PMA resulted in significant increases in adherence, percentage of cells with a shape change, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst but not intracellular calcium concentration. Stimulation of chicken and turkey heterophils with OZ resulted in significant increases in oxidative burst.. Mechanisms regulating initiation of heterophil activation in neonatal chicken and turkey heterophils are consistent with those described for heterophils isolated from mature birds. The biochemical and cytoskeletal systems of neonatal avian heterophils undergo functional alterations following stimulation with inflammatory agonists.. Understanding heterophil activation and regulation should eventually lead to methods for controlling bacterial diseases in poultry.

Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Adhesion; Chickens; Immunity, Innate; Inflammation; Ionomycin; Luminescent Measurements; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Phagocytosis; Poultry Diseases; Respiratory Burst; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Turkeys