Compounds > spironolactone
Page last updated: 2024-11-07

spironolactone and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

spironolactone has been researched along with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 in 84 studies

Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)
spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Plasma samples were analysed from a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial with spironolactone given to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and resistant hypertension on three antihypertensive drugs."9.51The mineralocorticoid receptor blocker spironolactone lowers plasma interferon-γ and interleukin-6 in patients with type 2 diabetes and treatment-resistant hypertension. ( Fonseca, MPD; Jacobsen, IA; Jensen, BL; Ketelhuth, DFJ; Oxlund, CS; Palarasah, Y; Stubbe, J; Svenningsen, P; Thangaraj, SS, 2022)
" The Heart OMics in AGing (HOMAGE) trial aims to investigate the effects of spironolactone on serum markers of collagen metabolism and on cardiovascular structure and function in people at risk of developing HF and potential interactions with a marker of fibrogenic activity, galectin-3."9.34Effects of spironolactone on serum markers of fibrosis in people at high risk of developing heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a proof-of-concept, randomised, precision-medicine, prevention trial. The Heart OMics in AGing (HO ( Ahmed, FZ; Brunner-La Rocca, HP; Clark, AL; Cleland, JGF; Collier, T; Cosmi, F; Cuthbert, JJ; Ferreira, JP; Girerd, N; González, A; Heymans, S; Latini, R; Mariottoni, B; Mujaj, B; Pellicori, P; Petutschnigg, J; Rossignol, P; Staessen, JA; Verdonschot, J; Zannad, F, 2020)
"The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone significantly reduces albuminuria in subjects with diabetic kidney disease, albeit with a large variability between individuals."9.34Baseline urinary metabolites predict albuminuria response to spironolactone in type 2 diabetes. ( Hankemeier, T; Heerspink, HJL; Jacobsen, IA; Mehdi, UF; Mulder, S; Oxlund, C; Pena, MJ; Perco, P; Toto, R, 2020)
"The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone significantly reduces albuminuria in patients with diabetes."9.27Predicting albuminuria response to spironolactone treatment with urinary proteomics in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. ( Heerspink, HJL; Jacobsen, IA; Lindhardt, M; Mischak, H; Oxlund, C; Persson, F; Rossing, P; Zürbig, P, 2018)
"Low-dose spironolactone has been proven to be effective for resistant hypertension in the general population, but this has yet to be confirmed in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients."9.22Effect of low-dose spironolactone on resistant hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial in a sub-Saharan African population. ( Djoumessi, RN; Essouma, M; Kaze, FF; Kengne, AP; Mbanya, JC; Menanga, AP; Noubiap, JJ; Sobngwi, E, 2016)
" The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of spironolactone versus spironolactone plus hydrochlorothiazide in decreasing proteinuria in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients."9.20Evaluation of spironolactone plus hydrochlorothiazide in reducing proteinuria in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. ( Behradmanesh, MS; Karami Horestani, M; Kheiri, S; Momeni, A, 2015)
"The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of low dose spironolactone added to triple therapy for resistant hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes measured by ambulatory monitoring."9.17Low dose spironolactone reduces blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind randomized clinical trial. ( Gram, J; Henriksen, JE; Jacobsen, IA; Oxlund, CS; Schousboe, K; Tarnow, L, 2013)
"Spironolactone is effective in further decreasing albuminuria in patients with type 2 DM who are already treated with ACE inhibitors."9.13Effect of spironolactone therapy on albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. ( Davidson, MB; Hamrahian, AH; Siraj, ES; Stevens, M; Wong, A, 2008)
"To study the effects of addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition or angiotensin II (AngII) receptor antagonism on proteinuria, blood pressure (BP) and renal function in overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy."9.12Spironolactone in type 2 diabetic nephropathy: Effects on proteinuria, blood pressure and renal function. ( Baggen, RG; Boomsma, F; Lindemans, A; Pauli, S; Poldermans, D; van den Meiracker, AH; Vulto, AG, 2006)
" This study was conducted to ascertain whether lower doses of eplerenone (50 or 100 mg/d) co-administered with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril would produce a similar antialbuminuric effect while obviating the hyperkalemia observed previously."9.12Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. ( Beckerman, B; Epstein, M; Krause, S; Lewin, A; Mukherjee, R; Patni, R; Weinberger, M; Williams, GH, 2006)
"We report a case of severe diabetic macular edema (DME) that developed after pioglitazone was used by a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy."7.74Severe macular edema induced by pioglitazone in a patient with diabetic retinopathy: a case study. ( Asaumi, N; Kumagai, K; Mitamura, Y; Oshitari, T; Watanabe, M, 2008)
"The role of spironolactone as pemphigoid-inducing agent has recently been suggested."7.71[Bullous pemphigoid induced by spironolactone]. ( Cordel, N; Courville, P; Gilbert, D; Joly, P; Lauret, P; Modeste, AB, 2002)
"Spironolactone therapy was triggered by the detection of subclinical LVD (global longitudinal strain [GLS] ≤16%) or diastolic abnormalities (at least one of E/e' >15, E/e' >10 with left atrial enlargement [LAE] or impaired relaxation [E/A < 0."7.11Screening-guided spironolactone treatment of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction for heart failure prevention in at-risk patients. ( Harris, J; Marwick, TH; Potter, E; Stephenson, G; Wright, L, 2022)
"Amiloride (5 mg/d) was added to previous triple antihypertensive treatment (including a diuretic and an inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) and increased to 10 mg if BP control was not achieved at 4 weeks."6.79Amiloride lowers blood pressure and attenuates urine plasminogen activation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension. ( Buhl, KB; Gram, J; Hansen, MR; Henriksen, JE; Jacobsen, IA; Jensen, BL; Oxlund, CS; Schousboe, K; Tarnow, L, 2014)
"Two large trials in heart failure have clearly demonstrated that blocking aldosterone improves mortality and that this benefit occurs over and above standard therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors."6.43Aldosterone blockade over and above ACE-inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease but without heart failure. ( Pringle, S; Shah, NC; Struthers, A, 2006)
"Although adding spironolactone to renin-angiotensin system blockers reduces albuminuria in adults with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, it increases the risk of hyperkalemia."5.69Efficacy and Safety of Low-dose Spironolactone for Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes. ( Hiwatashi, D; Kawata, I; Koinuma, M; Komatsu, M; Miyamoto, T; Oiwa, A; Takeda, T; Yamazaki, M, 2023)
"Plasma samples were analysed from a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial with spironolactone given to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and resistant hypertension on three antihypertensive drugs."5.51The mineralocorticoid receptor blocker spironolactone lowers plasma interferon-γ and interleukin-6 in patients with type 2 diabetes and treatment-resistant hypertension. ( Fonseca, MPD; Jacobsen, IA; Jensen, BL; Ketelhuth, DFJ; Oxlund, CS; Palarasah, Y; Stubbe, J; Svenningsen, P; Thangaraj, SS, 2022)
"Thus, it was speculated that hyperaldosteronism, as well as diabetes-associated atherosclerosis, had persisted for a long time."5.36Successful treatment of a mycotic aortic pseudoaneurysm in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus while treating primary aldosteronism with spironolactone. ( Fukata, M; Furukawa, H; Ito, H; Ito, Y; Konishi, T; Matsuzawa, Y; Nishikawa, T; Okura, K; Saito, J; Yoshimura, K, 2010)
" The Heart OMics in AGing (HOMAGE) trial aims to investigate the effects of spironolactone on serum markers of collagen metabolism and on cardiovascular structure and function in people at risk of developing HF and potential interactions with a marker of fibrogenic activity, galectin-3."5.34Effects of spironolactone on serum markers of fibrosis in people at high risk of developing heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a proof-of-concept, randomised, precision-medicine, prevention trial. The Heart OMics in AGing (HO ( Ahmed, FZ; Brunner-La Rocca, HP; Clark, AL; Cleland, JGF; Collier, T; Cosmi, F; Cuthbert, JJ; Ferreira, JP; Girerd, N; González, A; Heymans, S; Latini, R; Mariottoni, B; Mujaj, B; Pellicori, P; Petutschnigg, J; Rossignol, P; Staessen, JA; Verdonschot, J; Zannad, F, 2020)
"The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone significantly reduces albuminuria in subjects with diabetic kidney disease, albeit with a large variability between individuals."5.34Baseline urinary metabolites predict albuminuria response to spironolactone in type 2 diabetes. ( Hankemeier, T; Heerspink, HJL; Jacobsen, IA; Mehdi, UF; Mulder, S; Oxlund, C; Pena, MJ; Perco, P; Toto, R, 2020)
" The objective of this multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial was to compare the effects of spironolactone to those of the selective MRA eplerenone on glucose homeostasis among 62 HF patients with glucose intolerance or type II diabetes."5.27A comparison of the effects of selective and non-selective mineralocorticoid antagonism on glucose homeostasis of heart failure patients with glucose intolerance or type II diabetes: A randomized controlled double-blind trial. ( Bernier, M; Chaar, D; de Denus, S; Ducharme, A; Guertin, MC; Jutras, M; Korol, S; Lavoie, J; Leclair, G; Liszkowski, M; Mansour, A; Neagoe, PE; O'Meara, E; Racine, N; Rouleau, JL; Sirois, MG; Tournoux, F; White, M, 2018)
"The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone significantly reduces albuminuria in patients with diabetes."5.27Predicting albuminuria response to spironolactone treatment with urinary proteomics in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. ( Heerspink, HJL; Jacobsen, IA; Lindhardt, M; Mischak, H; Oxlund, C; Persson, F; Rossing, P; Zürbig, P, 2018)
" Steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs - eplerenone and spironolactone) reduce mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)."5.22Efficacy and safety of finerenone for treatment of diabetic kidney disease: current knowledge and future perspective. ( Armani, A; Caprio, M; Infante, M; Marzolla, V; Rizzo, M, 2022)
"In short-term studies in patients with CKD and reduced ejection heart failure, with or without T2D, finerenone 20 mg appears to have a better renal outcome compared with spironolactone and a better mortality outcome compared with eplerenone, with significantly lesser hyperkalemia compared to both spironolactone and finerenone."5.22Finerenone in diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and critical appraisal. ( Misra, A; Singh, A; Singh, AK; Singh, R, 2022)
"Low-dose spironolactone has been proven to be effective for resistant hypertension in the general population, but this has yet to be confirmed in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients."5.22Effect of low-dose spironolactone on resistant hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial in a sub-Saharan African population. ( Djoumessi, RN; Essouma, M; Kaze, FF; Kengne, AP; Mbanya, JC; Menanga, AP; Noubiap, JJ; Sobngwi, E, 2016)
" The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of spironolactone versus spironolactone plus hydrochlorothiazide in decreasing proteinuria in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients."5.20Evaluation of spironolactone plus hydrochlorothiazide in reducing proteinuria in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. ( Behradmanesh, MS; Karami Horestani, M; Kheiri, S; Momeni, A, 2015)
"Spironolactone reduced albuminuria along with conventional RAS inhibitors in patients with diabetic nephropathy."5.20Anti-albuminuric effects of spironolactone in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial. ( Ando, M; Araki, H; Goto, M; Imai, E; Kanasaki, K; Kato, S; Kobori, H; Koya, D; Makino, H; Maruyama, S; Matsuo, S; Nishiyama, A; Ogawa, D; Oiso, Y; Uzu, T; Wada, J, 2015)
"The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of low dose spironolactone added to triple therapy for resistant hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes measured by ambulatory monitoring."5.17Low dose spironolactone reduces blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind randomized clinical trial. ( Gram, J; Henriksen, JE; Jacobsen, IA; Oxlund, CS; Schousboe, K; Tarnow, L, 2013)
"Spironolactone is effective in further decreasing albuminuria in patients with type 2 DM who are already treated with ACE inhibitors."5.13Effect of spironolactone therapy on albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. ( Davidson, MB; Hamrahian, AH; Siraj, ES; Stevens, M; Wong, A, 2008)
" This study was conducted to ascertain whether lower doses of eplerenone (50 or 100 mg/d) co-administered with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril would produce a similar antialbuminuric effect while obviating the hyperkalemia observed previously."5.12Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. ( Beckerman, B; Epstein, M; Krause, S; Lewin, A; Mukherjee, R; Patni, R; Weinberger, M; Williams, GH, 2006)
"To study the effects of addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition or angiotensin II (AngII) receptor antagonism on proteinuria, blood pressure (BP) and renal function in overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy."5.12Spironolactone in type 2 diabetic nephropathy: Effects on proteinuria, blood pressure and renal function. ( Baggen, RG; Boomsma, F; Lindemans, A; Pauli, S; Poldermans, D; van den Meiracker, AH; Vulto, AG, 2006)
"Ten patients with type II diabetes and hypertension were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind crossover study comparing 4 months' treatment with spironolactone and placebo with a 4-week washout phase."5.11Spironolactone reduces brachial pulse wave velocity and PIIINP levels in hypertensive diabetic patients. ( Band, M; Davies, J; Gavin, A; Morris, A; Struthers, A, 2005)
" In this study, we explored the effects of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on urinary protein excretion in patients with chronic renal disease with proteinuria persistently more than 0."5.11Antiproteinuric effects of mineralocorticoid receptor blockade in patients with chronic renal disease. ( Hayashi, K; Saruta, T; Sato, A, 2005)
"Although matching aligned key demographic and clinical characteristics of the cohorts, a significantly greater proportion of spironolactone users than non-users had oedema, proteinuria, and cardiovascular disease at baseline (P < 0."3.96Disease characteristics and outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes: a matched cohort study of spironolactone users and non-users. ( Blankenburg, M; Fett, AK; Gay, A; Griner, RG; Kovesdy, CP, 2020)
" Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia in GS were difficult to correct; however, spironolactone might be helpful for hypokalemia to some degree."3.83Genotype/Phenotype Analysis in 67 Chinese Patients with Gitelman's Syndrome. ( Lang, Y; Liu, T; Lu, J; Shao, L; Wang, C; Zhao, X, 2016)
" We sought to determine whether treatment with an MR blocker, eplerenone, enhances the effects of an ARB, telmisartan, on podocyte injury and proteinuria in type 2 diabetic Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima-Fatty (OLETF) rats."3.76Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade enhances the antiproteinuric effect of an angiotensin II blocker through inhibiting podocyte injury in type 2 diabetic rats. ( Hamada, M; Hitomi, H; Imanishi, M; Kishida, M; Kobori, H; Konishi, Y; Maeda, I; Morikawa, T; Nagai, Y; Nakagawa, T; Nakano, D; Nishiyama, A; Ohashi, N; Okumura, M, 2010)
"We report a case of severe diabetic macular edema (DME) that developed after pioglitazone was used by a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy."3.74Severe macular edema induced by pioglitazone in a patient with diabetic retinopathy: a case study. ( Asaumi, N; Kumagai, K; Mitamura, Y; Oshitari, T; Watanabe, M, 2008)
"The combination of spironolactone with an ACE inhibitor for patients with heart failure may cause severe hyperkalemia."3.73[Successful resuscitation of a patient with hyperkalemic cardiac arrest by emergency hemodiafiltration]. ( Gütlich, D; Hochscherf, M; Hopf, HB, 2005)
"The role of spironolactone as pemphigoid-inducing agent has recently been suggested."3.71[Bullous pemphigoid induced by spironolactone]. ( Cordel, N; Courville, P; Gilbert, D; Joly, P; Lauret, P; Modeste, AB, 2002)
"Spironolactone therapy was triggered by the detection of subclinical LVD (global longitudinal strain [GLS] ≤16%) or diastolic abnormalities (at least one of E/e' >15, E/e' >10 with left atrial enlargement [LAE] or impaired relaxation [E/A < 0."3.11Screening-guided spironolactone treatment of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction for heart failure prevention in at-risk patients. ( Harris, J; Marwick, TH; Potter, E; Stephenson, G; Wright, L, 2022)
"Contrary to our hypothesis, in at-risk/type 2 diabetes patients, spironolactone did not reduce arterial stiffness, rather PWVart was lower on doxazosin."2.94A randomised, factorial trial to reduce arterial stiffness independently of blood pressure: Proof of concept? The VaSera trial testing dietary nitrate and spironolactone. ( Casagrande, ML; Crickmore, H; Cruickshank, JK; Faconti, L; Govoni, V; Iqbal, F; Masani, A; Maskell, P; Mills, CE; Morant, SV; Nanino, E; Webb, AJ, 2020)
" Patients were randomly divided into 4 groups: low-dose irbesartan (group A), high-dose irbesartan (group B), low-dose irbesartan combined with spironolactone (group C) and high-dose irbesartan combined with spironolactone (group D)."2.87Effects of Different Doses of Irbesartan Combined With Spironolactone on Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate in Elderly Patients With Early Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. ( Chen, X; Chen, Y; Li, Y; Liu, P; Wang, Y; Zhang, F, 2018)
"Approximately 40% of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) also have chronic kidney disease (CKD), which substantially increases their risk of cardiovascular (CV)-related complications and mortality."2.82Finerenone: a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist for the treatment of chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. ( Lerma, EV; Wilson, DJ, 2022)
"Treatment with spironolactone improved coronary microvascular function, raising the possibility that MR blockade could have beneficial effects in preventing cardiovascular disease in patients with T2DM."2.80Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary microvascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes. ( Adler, GK; Baimas-George, M; Di Carli, MF; Foster, C; Garg, R; Hurwitz, S; Jerosch-Herold, M; Kwong, RY; Rao, AD; Shah, RV, 2015)
"Amiloride (5 mg/d) was added to previous triple antihypertensive treatment (including a diuretic and an inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) and increased to 10 mg if BP control was not achieved at 4 weeks."2.79Amiloride lowers blood pressure and attenuates urine plasminogen activation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension. ( Buhl, KB; Gram, J; Hansen, MR; Henriksen, JE; Jacobsen, IA; Jensen, BL; Oxlund, CS; Schousboe, K; Tarnow, L, 2014)
"Spironolactone therapy was associated with improvements in diastolic filling profile (Δpeak E wave velocity -4 ± 15 vs."2.79Biomarker and imaging responses to spironolactone in subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy. ( Haluska, B; Jeffriess, L; Jellis, CL; Jenkins, C; Martin, J; Marwick, TH; Sacre, JW; Wright, J, 2014)
"We will randomize 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, stable metabolic control and impaired left ventricular (LV) systolic or diastolic function, to either eplerenone (target dose 50mg) or matching placebo, in addition to optimal medical therapy for 12 months."2.78Rationale and design of a randomized trial on the impact of aldosterone antagonism on cardiac structure and function in diabetic cardiomyopathy. ( Heritier, S; Leung, DY; Leung, M; Mihailidou, AS; Wong, VW, 2013)
"Among patients with Type 2 diabetes, several Phase II studies of finerenone show promising results, supporting benefits on the heart and kidneys."2.72Steroidal and non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in cardiorenal medicine. ( Agarwal, R; Bakris, G; Bauersachs, J; Haller, H; Kolkhof, P; Wada, T; Zannad, F, 2021)
"Of 381 patients who had type 2 diabetes and were on treatment with sulfonylurea or sulfonylurea plus metformin, 260 (63% male, 37% female) showed evidence of volume expansion as defined by an absolute reduction in hematocrit (Hct) of > or =0."2.72Effect of various diuretic treatments on rosiglitazone-induced fluid retention. ( Buckingham, R; Karalliedde, J; Lorand, D; Starkie, M; Stewart, M; Viberti, G, 2006)
"It has been reported that continuous ACE inhibitor therapy does not necessarily produce a maintained decrease in plasma aldosterone levels, which may remain high or increase eventually during long-term use (aldosterone escape)."2.71Effectiveness of aldosterone blockade in patients with diabetic nephropathy. ( Hayashi, K; Naruse, M; Saruta, T; Sato, A, 2003)
"Insulin resistance has proven to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of PCOS."2.43[Polycystic ovary syndrome. New pathophysiological discoveries--therapeutic consequences]. ( Madsbad, S; Nilas, L; Nørgaard, K; Svendsen, PF, 2005)
"Two large trials in heart failure have clearly demonstrated that blocking aldosterone improves mortality and that this benefit occurs over and above standard therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors."2.43Aldosterone blockade over and above ACE-inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease but without heart failure. ( Pringle, S; Shah, NC; Struthers, A, 2006)
"Hypertension was reported in 70-92% of patients, irrespective of disease cohort or population."1.51Patient characteristics and initiation of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with chronic kidney disease in routine clinical practice in the US: a retrospective cohort study. ( Blankenburg, M; Eisenring, S; Fett, AK; Gay, A; Haas, G, 2019)
"Plasma aldosterone is elevated in type 2 diabetes and obesity in experimental and clinical studies and can act to inhibit both glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by the β-cell and insulin signaling."1.43Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition Improves Glucose Tolerance in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rats. ( Bornstein, SR; Brown, NF; Brunssen, C; Deussen, A; Eisenhofer, G; Engelmann, F; Hofmann, A; Huber, J; Jannasch, A; Martin, M; Mittag, J; Morawietz, H; Peitzsch, M; Streicher, R; Weldon, SM, 2016)
"Spironolactone treatment did not affect blood pressure, fasting glucose levels or weight gain, but increased serum potassium and total cholesterol in both, diabetic and control mice."1.42Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade prevents vascular remodelling in a rodent model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. ( Bruder-Nascimento, T; Cau, SB; Lopes, RA; Manzato, CP; Mestriner, FL; Montezano, AC; Neves, KB; Nguyen Dinh Cat, A; Silva, MA; Tostes, RC; Touyz, RM, 2015)
"Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit more severe cognitive decline in females compared with males; however, the preventive approach to this gender-specific cognitive decline is still an enigma."1.38Improvement of cognitive impairment in female type 2 diabetes mellitus mice by spironolactone. ( Horiuchi, M; Ito, M; Iwanami, J; Jing, F; Min, LJ; Mogi, M; Ohshima, K; Sakata, A; Tsukuda, K, 2012)
"Eplerenone has additionally the potential to prevent increased vascular stiffness in salt-loaded ZDF-rats."1.37Eplerenone prevents salt-induced vascular stiffness in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: a preliminary report. ( Amann, K; Birner, C; Brunner, S; Endemann, DH; Fredersdorf, S; Griese, DP; Kreuzer, P; Luchner, A; Resch, M; Riegger, GA; Schach, C; Schmid, P; Weil, J, 2011)
"Thus, it was speculated that hyperaldosteronism, as well as diabetes-associated atherosclerosis, had persisted for a long time."1.36Successful treatment of a mycotic aortic pseudoaneurysm in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus while treating primary aldosteronism with spironolactone. ( Fukata, M; Furukawa, H; Ito, H; Ito, Y; Konishi, T; Matsuzawa, Y; Nishikawa, T; Okura, K; Saito, J; Yoshimura, K, 2010)
"Spironolactone treatment did not induce any significant change in blood glucose levels and blood pressure."1.33Role of aldosterone in diabetic nephropathy. ( Cha, DR; Han, JY; Han, KH; Han, SY; Jee, YH; Kang, YS; Kim, HK; Kim, YS, 2005)
"A 60-year-old man with diet-treated Type 2 diabetes and hypertension presented with generalized muscle weakness and serum potassium of 1."1.33Life-threatening hypokalaemia on a low-carbohydrate diet associated with previously undiagnosed primary hyperaldosteronism [corrected]. ( Advani, A; Taylor, R, 2005)
"Spironolactone treatment did not induce any significant differences in body weight, kidney/body weight ratio, serum creatinine concentration, blood glucose levels, or systolic blood pressure."1.33Spironolactone ameliorates renal injury and connective tissue growth factor expression in type II diabetic rats. ( Cha, DR; Han, JY; Han, KH; Han, SY; Jee, YH; Kang, YS; Kim, HK; Kim, YS; Lee, MH, 2006)
"Spironolactone treatment significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion and ameliorated glomerulosclerosis."1.33Spironolactone prevents diabetic nephropathy through an anti-inflammatory mechanism in type 2 diabetic rats. ( Cha, DR; Han, JY; Han, KH; Han, SY; Jee, YH; Kang, YS; Kim, CH; Kim, HK; Kim, HS; Kim, YS; Lee, MH; Song, HK, 2006)

Research

Studies (84)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19901 (1.19)18.7374
1990's1 (1.19)18.2507
2000's31 (36.90)29.6817
2010's37 (44.05)24.3611
2020's14 (16.67)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Thangaraj, SS1
Oxlund, CS4
Fonseca, MPD1
Svenningsen, P1
Stubbe, J1
Palarasah, Y1
Ketelhuth, DFJ1
Jacobsen, IA6
Jensen, BL2
Potter, E1
Stephenson, G1
Harris, J1
Wright, L1
Marwick, TH2
Lerma, EV1
Wilson, DJ1
Marzolla, V1
Infante, M1
Armani, A1
Rizzo, M1
Caprio, M1
Singh, AK1
Singh, A1
Singh, R1
Misra, A1
Oiwa, A1
Hiwatashi, D1
Takeda, T1
Miyamoto, T1
Kawata, I1
Koinuma, M1
Yamazaki, M1
Komatsu, M1
Ding, K1
Li, Z1
Lu, Y1
Sun, L1
Ferreira, NS1
Bruder-Nascimento, T2
Pereira, CA1
Zanotto, CZ1
Prado, DS1
Silva, JF1
Rassi, DM1
Foss-Freitas, MC1
Alves-Filho, JC1
Carlos, D1
Tostes, RC2
Mills, CE3
Govoni, V3
Faconti, L4
Casagrande, ML2
Morant, SV2
Crickmore, H1
Iqbal, F1
Maskell, P1
Masani, A1
Nanino, E1
Webb, AJ4
Cruickshank, JK4
Pellicori, P1
Ferreira, JP1
Mariottoni, B1
Brunner-La Rocca, HP1
Ahmed, FZ1
Verdonschot, J1
Collier, T1
Cuthbert, JJ1
Petutschnigg, J1
Mujaj, B1
Girerd, N1
González, A1
Clark, AL1
Cosmi, F1
Staessen, JA1
Heymans, S1
Latini, R1
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Zannad, F3
Cleland, JGF1
Blankenburg, M2
Kovesdy, CP1
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Hankemeier, T1
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de Denus, S1
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Khoury, R1
Michael, T1
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Parikh, A1
Stein, A1
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Hazzan, D1
Lahat, G1
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Eldar, SM1
Zhang, L1
Xia, X1
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Xie, D1
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Jiang, B1
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Liang, X1
Ji, M1
Ying, HM1
Wang, XY1
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Shao, CH1
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Zhang, Y1
Czamara, K1
Karnas, E1
Majka, Z1
Wojcik, T1
Zuba-Surma, EK1
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Guo, J1
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Sunaga, H1
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Syamsunarno, MRAA1
Putri, M1
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Negishi, K1
Yokoyama, T1
Kurabayashi, M1
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Peterson, ME1
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Rishniw, M1
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Eisenring, S1
Haas, G1
Momeni, A1
Behradmanesh, MS1
Kheiri, S1
Karami Horestani, M1
Patel, BM2
Kakadiya, J1
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Mehta, AA1
Bhadada, SV1
Leung, M1
Wong, VW1
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Henriksen, JE3
Tarnow, L3
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Jellis, CL1
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Jeffriess, L1
Martin, J1
Cangemi, C1
Argraves, WS1
Rasmussen, LM1
Garg, R1
Rao, AD1
Baimas-George, M1
Hurwitz, S1
Foster, C1
Shah, RV1
Jerosch-Herold, M1
Kwong, RY2
Di Carli, MF1
Adler, GK3
Buhl, KB1
Hansen, MR1
Jia, G1
Sowers, JR1
Anker, SD1
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Gheorghiade, M1
Køber, L1
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Ponikowski, P1
Voors, AA1
Nowack, C1
Kim, SY1
Pieper, A1
Kimmeskamp-Kirschbaum, N1
Filippatos, G1
Kato, S1
Maruyama, S1
Makino, H1
Wada, J1
Ogawa, D1
Uzu, T1
Araki, H1
Koya, D1
Kanasaki, K1
Oiso, Y1
Goto, M1
Kobori, H2
Imai, E1
Ando, M1
Matsuo, S1
Silva, MA1
Cau, SB1
Lopes, RA1
Manzato, CP1
Neves, KB1
Mestriner, FL1
Montezano, AC1
Nguyen Dinh Cat, A1
Touyz, RM1
Djoumessi, RN1
Noubiap, JJ1
Kaze, FF1
Essouma, M1
Menanga, AP1
Kengne, AP1
Mbanya, JC1
Sobngwi, E1
Hofmann, A1
Brunssen, C1
Peitzsch, M1
Martin, M1
Mittag, J1
Jannasch, A1
Engelmann, F1
Brown, NF1
Weldon, SM1
Huber, J1
Streicher, R1
Deussen, A1
Eisenhofer, G1
Bornstein, SR1
Morawietz, H1
Liu, T1
Wang, C1
Lu, J1
Zhao, X1
Lang, Y1
Shao, L1
Lindhardt, M1
Persson, F1
Zürbig, P1
Mischak, H1
Rossing, P1
Kang, YS4
Ko, GJ1
Lee, MH3
Song, HK2
Han, SY4
Han, KH4
Kim, HK4
Han, JY4
Cha, DR4
Inada, M1
Iwasaki, K1
Imai, C1
Hashimoto, S1
Davidson, MB1
Wong, A1
Hamrahian, AH1
Stevens, M1
Siraj, ES1
Oshitari, T1
Asaumi, N1
Watanabe, M1
Kumagai, K1
Mitamura, Y1
Arase, Y1
Suzuki, F1
Suzuki, Y1
Akuta, N1
Kobayashi, M2
Kawamura, Y1
Yatsuji, H1
Sezaki, H1
Hosaka, T1
Hirakawa, M1
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Ikeda, K1
Kumada, H1
Kobayashi, T1
Konishi, Y1
Morikawa, T1
Maeda, I1
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Hamada, M1
Nagai, Y1
Nakagawa, T1
Ohashi, N1
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Imanishi, M1
Derer, W1
Dechend, R1
Müller, DN1
Ito, Y1
Yoshimura, K1
Matsuzawa, Y1
Saito, J1
Ito, H1
Furukawa, H1
Okura, K1
Fukata, M1
Konishi, T1
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Tsukuda, K1
Min, LJ1
Jing, F1
Ohshima, K1
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Viswanathan, V1
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Manoharan, D1
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Gnudi, L1
Karalliedde, J2
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Hayashi, K2
Naruse, M1
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Madsbad, S1
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Tziomalos, K1
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Clinical Trials (11)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
"Bioprofiling Response to Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists for the Prevention of Heart Failure. A Proof of Concept Clinical Trial Within the EU FP 7 (European Union FP7) HOMAGE Programme Heart OMics in AGing "[NCT02556450]Phase 2528 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-31Completed
A Comparison of the Effects of Selective and Non Selective Mineralocorticoid Antagonism on Glucose Homeostasis and Lipid Profile of Heart Failure Patients With Glucose Intolerance or Type 2 Diabetes.[NCT01586442]Phase 362 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-03-31Completed
Southern Danish Hypertension and Diabetes Study (SDHDS) With Amiloride[NCT02122731]Phase 480 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-11-30Completed
South Danish Hypertension and Diabetes Study[NCT01062763]Phase 3119 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Completed
Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease[NCT00865124]69 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-09-30Completed
Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Coronary Microvascular Function, and Cardiac Efficiency in Hypertension[NCT05593055]Phase 475 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-08-25Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Multi-center Study to Assess Safety and Efficacy of Different Oral Doses of BAY94-8862 in Subjects With Emergency Presentation at the Hospital Because of Worsening Chronic Heart Failure With Left Ventricular Systo[NCT01807221]Phase 21,066 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-06-17Completed
Prevalence and Treatment of Resistant Hypertension in Diabetic Patients in Yaounde[NCT02426099]Phase 417 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-10-31Completed
A Randomised Study Examining the Effect of Different Diuretics on Fluid Balance in Diabetics Treated With Avandia[NCT00306696]Phase 4388 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-10-31Completed
Aldosterone and Vascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus[NCT00214825]46 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-08-31Completed
[NCT01832558]24 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-11-30Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Adverse Effects

(NCT01062763)
Timeframe: 4 months

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Addition of Spironolactone4
Placebo0

Change of Diastolic Blood Pressure

Change of diastolic blood pressure from baseline to study end at four months. (NCT01062763)
Timeframe: 4 months

Interventionmm Hg (Mean)
Addition of Spironolactone-3.9
Placebo-0.3

Change of of Systolic Blood Pressure

Change of systolic blood pressure from baseline to study end at four months. (NCT01062763)
Timeframe: 4 months

Interventionmm Hg (Mean)
Addition of Spironolactone-9.6
Placebo-0.7

Change in Coronary Flow Reserve From Baseline to 6 Months

Coronary flow reserve (CFR), or myocardial perfusion reserve, was assessed via cardiac positron emission tomography (PET). CFR is the ratio of adenosine-stimulated blood flow through myocardium to resting blood flow through myocardium. An improvement in coronary flow reserve is beneficial. (NCT00865124)
Timeframe: Baseline and six months

Interventionratio (Mean)
Spironolactone (MR Blockade)0.33
Hydrochlorothiazide + Potassium-0.10
Placebo0.02

Change in Mitral Annulus Velocities on Tissue Doppler (Delta E/e' Ratio), a Measure of Diastolic Function

Diastolic function was assessed via tissue doppler imaging (TDI) by echocardiography to determine left ventricular diastolic function before and after 6 months of treatment. (NCT00865124)
Timeframe: Baseline and six months

Interventionratio (Mean)
Spironolactone (MR Blockade)0.02
Hydrochlorothiazide + Potassium0.06
Placebo0.64

Change in Renal Plasma Flow

Renal vasculature was assessed by examining renal plasma flow, or para-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance, basally and in response to acute administration (3 nanograms/kg/min for 60 min) of the vasoactive agent, Angiotensin II. (NCT00865124)
Timeframe: Baseline and six months

,,
InterventionmL/min/1.73m^2 (Mean)
Pre-treatment, PAH clearance, baselinePre-treatment, PAH clearance, Post-ANGII6 months post-treatment, PAH clearance, baseline6 months post-treatment, PAH clearance, Post-ANGII
Hydrochlorothiazide + Potassium508417500415
Placebo518436491427
Spironolactone (MR Blockade)527442518423

Mitral Annulus Velocities on Tissue Doppler (Delta E/e' Ratio), a Measure of Diastolic Function (With Angiotensin II)

Diastolic function was assessed via tissue doppler imaging (TDI) by echocardiography to determine left ventricular diastolic function before and after 6 months of treatment; and in response to acute administration (3 nanograms/kg/min for 60 min) of the vasoactive agent, Angiotensin II. (NCT00865124)
Timeframe: Baseline and six months

,,
Interventionratio (Mean)
Pre-treatment, E/e', baselinePre-treatment, E/e', Post-ANGII6 months post-treatment, E/e', baseline6 months post-treatment, E/e', Post-ANGII
Hydrochlorothiazide + Potassium6.727.067.035.83
Placebo6.556.707.357.48
Spironolactone (MR Blockade)6.677.096.766.28

Percentage of Participants With a Relative Decrease in NT-proBNP of More Than 30% From Baseline to Day 90

N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in the blood are used for screening, diagnosis of acute and chronic heart failure (CHF) and may be useful to establish prognosis in heart failure. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 90

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)37.2
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD30.9
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD32.5
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD37.3
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD38.8
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD34.2

Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure at Specified Visits

(NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline,Day 7,14,30,60,90,Premature discontinuation (only for participants who have discontinued the study prematurely, to be performed as soon as possible after withdrawal of study drug) and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
Interventionmillimeter for mercury (mmHg) (Mean)
BaselineDay 7Day 14Day 30Day 60Day 90Premature discontinuationFollow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)71.633-1.351-3.442-0.503-0.613-0.716-3.185-1.218
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD70.343-0.738-2.387-0.0940.17-0.545-2.96-0.298
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD71.145-1.166-0.625-1.163-0.575-0.877-0.083-0.172
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD71.044-1.693-0.5370.146-0.199-0.1060.8680.696
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD71.442-2.1431.608-0.845-2.144-1.738-2.194-0.444
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD70.610.013-0.083-0.068-0.85-1.1214.101-1.16

Change From Baseline in EQ-5D-3L Questionnaire Scores at Specified Visits

EuroQol Group 5-Dimension, 3-Level (EQ-5D-3L): participant rated questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life. It consists of EQ-5D descriptive system and EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale (VAS). EQ-5D-3L descriptive system comprises the following 5 dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 3 levels: no problems (1), some problems (2), and extreme problems (3). For this population, the possible EQ-5D-3L index scores ranges from -0.11 (that is, 3 for all 5 dimensions) to 1.0 (that is, 1 for all 5 dimensions), where higher scores indicate a better health state. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 30, Day 90, Premature discontinuation (only for participants who have discontinued the study prematurely, to be performed as soon as possible after withdrawal of study drug) and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionScores on scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 30Day 90Premature discontinuationFollow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)0.580.060.08-0.120.06
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD0.560.060.1-0.050.07
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD0.590.020.0600.04
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD0.590.020.03-0.060.01
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD0.620.020.04-0.090.01
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD0.580.070.08-0.10.08

Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Specified Visits

(NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline,Day 7,14,30,60,90,Premature discontinuation (only for participants who have discontinued the study prematurely, to be performed as soon as possible after withdrawal of study drug) and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionBeats per minute (Beats/min) (Mean)
BaselineDay 7Day 14Day 30Day 60Day 90Premature discontinuationFollow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)74.957-0.8-3.1090.2940.297-0.189-2.278-1.281
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD73.852-0.5480.423-0.8020.192-0.714.7330.834
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD74.329-1.176-3.969-1.633-1.608-1.145-2.072-1.317
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD73.3691.0730.5991.064-0.975-1.647-1.424-2.057
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD72.681-0.631.8420.435-1.741-2.89-0.222-0.626
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD74.184-0.719-1.324-0.349-2.318-2.2121.101-1.326

Change From Baseline in KCCQ Questionnaire Scores at Specified Visits

The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) was the leading health related quality of life measure for subjects with CHF. KCCQ was a 23 item questionnaire that independently measures the impact of subjects HF, or its treatment, on 7 distinct domains: self-administered instrument that quantifies physical function, symptoms (frequency, severity and recent change), social function, self-efficacy and knowledge, and quality of life. KCCQ clinical summary score is a composite assessment of physical limitations and total symptom scores. Results from the total symptom summary score are presented. Scores are transformed to a range of 0-100, in which higher scores reflect better health status. In the below table, categorical data represents change from baseline data at respective time points. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 30 and Day 90

,,,,,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 30Day 90
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)43.720.524.3
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD42.324.928.3
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD43.220.622.2
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD42.818.221.3
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD45.419.324.5
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD42.12329.3

Change From Baseline in Serum Potassium at Specified Visits

(NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 30, Day 60, Day 90 and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
Interventionmillimoles per liter (mmol/L) (Mean)
BaselineDay 30Day 60Day 90Follow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)4.1590.0570.1790.3070.117
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD4.1310.210.2740.2750.175
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD4.1170.1930.2160.2450.036
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD4.0810.1350.0910.1840.226
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD4.2110.0750.1310.1530.054
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD4.1740.0850.1710.1640.05

Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure at Specified Visits

(NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Baseline,Day 7,14,30,60,90,Premature discontinuation (only for participants who have discontinued the study prematurely, to be performed as soon as possible after withdrawal of study drug) and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
Interventionmillimeter of mercury (mmHg) (Mean)
BaselineDay 7Day 14Day 30Day 60Day 90Premature discontinuationFollow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)120.554-0.541-3.4420.0670.684-0.967-2.9910.188
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD116.0240.162-3.0991.7860.9811.216-2.322.041
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD116.941-0.546-2.9060.8990.6670.956-0.0283.037
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD119.492-3.178-4.488-0.8240.3370.922-0.412.869
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD118.498-2.5654.142-0.367-1.2490.047-2.1671.95
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD119.0870.5681.2410.374-1.811-0.6649.391-0.928

Number of Participants With Cardiovascular Hospitalization

Hospitalizations were defined as any unplanned admission to hospital, i.e. completion of hospital admission procedures and one overnight [i.e. date change] stay or until the death of subject occurred. Hospitalizations and deaths were classified by 2 primary categories: CV and non-CV. The pre-specified subcategories for CV hospitalizations were as follows: 1. Worsening heart failure, 2.Acute myocardial infarction, 3. Arrhythmia, 4.Transient ischemic attack and stroke, 5. Other CV hospitalizations. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Day 30, Day 60, Day 90 and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 30Day 60Day 90Follow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)28434556
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD7152227
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD15232834
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD23333543
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD14232638
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD8212936

Number of Participants With Death Due to Any Cause

Death due to any cause include cardiovascular (CV) death and Non-CV death. Non-CV death was classified by 2 subcategories: non-malignant causes and malignant causes. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Day 30, Day 60, Day 90 and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 30Day 60Day 90Follow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)67915
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD0012
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD2458
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD571016
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD1347
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD12411

Number of Participants With Emergency Presentations for Worsening Chronic Heart Failure (WCHF)

Emergency presentations for WCHF were defined as newly developing signs and symptoms of WCHF after start of treatment with study drug, requiring an additional emergency presentation to hospital and IV treatment with diuretics and/or positive inotropic agents. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Day 30, Day 60, Day 90 and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 30Day 60Day 90Follow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)21353747
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD7141826
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD15222834
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD19303240
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD12202230
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD9172430

Ratio of BNP at Specified Visits to BNP at Baseline

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in the blood are used for screening, diagnosis of acute chronic heart failure (CHF) and may be useful to establish prognosis in heart failure. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Day 30, Day 60, Day 90, Premature discontinuation (only for participants who have discontinued the study prematurely, to be performed as soon as possible after withdrawal of study drug) and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionRatio (Geometric Mean)
Day 30Day 60Day 90Premature discontinuationFollow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)0.9250.7830.7230.8960.795
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD0.8520.7110.7060.8480.729
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD0.8790.8240.7711.0440.852
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD0.9440.8640.8131.1040.815
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD0.8780.8540.8391.0060.886
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD0.8320.790.7190.8840.726

Ratio of NT-proBNP at Specified Visits to NT-proBNP at Baseline

N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in the blood are used for screening, diagnosis of acute chronic heart failure (CHF) and may be useful to establish prognosis in heart failure. (NCT01807221)
Timeframe: Day 30, Day 60, Day 90, Premature discontinuation (only for participants who have discontinued the study prematurely, to be performed as soon as possible after withdrawal of study drug) and Follow-up (30 days post-last dose, assessed up to Day 120)

,,,,,
InterventionRatio (Geometric Mean)
Day 30Day 60Day 90Premature discontinuationFollow-up
Eplerenone (INSPRA®)0.8830.7490.6880.9480.747
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 10-20 mg OD0.8220.7480.7281.1330.746
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 15-20 mg OD0.9210.8290.7710.9650.849
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 2.5-5 mg OD0.980.8220.7891.3690.747
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 5-10 mg OD0.8740.8140.7651.2670.887
Finerenone (BAY94-8862) 7.5-15 mg OD0.8880.810.7830.9270.809

Reviews

10 reviews available for spironolactone and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

ArticleYear
Finerenone: a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist for the treatment of chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes.
    Expert review of clinical pharmacology, 2022, Volume: 15, Issue:5

    Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Eplerenone; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Naphthyridine

2022
Efficacy and safety of finerenone for treatment of diabetic kidney disease: current knowledge and future perspective.
    Expert opinion on drug safety, 2022, Volume: 21, Issue:9

    Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Hyperkalemia;

2022
Finerenone in diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and critical appraisal.
    Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2022, Volume: 16, Issue:10

    Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Eplerenone; Glycated Hemoglobin; Heart Failure; H

2022
Esaxerenone, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blocker (MRB) in hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
    Journal of human hypertension, 2021, Volume: 35, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Mineralocorticoid Receptor A

2021
Steroidal and non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in cardiorenal medicine.
    European heart journal, 2021, 01-07, Volume: 42, Issue:2

    Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Heart Failure; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Mineraloco

2021
Nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid antagonists in diabetic kidney disease.
    Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension, 2017, Volume: 26, Issue:5

    Topics: Albuminuria; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Eplerenone

2017
Spironolactone effective hypertension in the elderly due to 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD2) impairment: contributory role of determining serum cortisol/cortisone ratio as a marker of 11beta-HSD2 activity.
    Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2008, Volume: 47, Issue:24

    Topics: 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2; Aged; Biomarkers; Cortisone; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;

2008
[Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: inhibition of the renin angiotensin system].
    MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2010, Feb-11, Volume: 152, Issue:6

    Topics: Albuminuria; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Eplerenone; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Hyperaldosteronis

2010
[Polycystic ovary syndrome. New pathophysiological discoveries--therapeutic consequences].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 2005, Aug-22, Volume: 167, Issue:34

    Topics: Contraceptives, Oral; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans;

2005
Aldosterone blockade over and above ACE-inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease but without heart failure.
    Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2006, Volume: 7, Issue:1

    Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Anim

2006

Trials

36 trials available for spironolactone and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

ArticleYear
The mineralocorticoid receptor blocker spironolactone lowers plasma interferon-γ and interleukin-6 in patients with type 2 diabetes and treatment-resistant hypertension.
    Journal of hypertension, 2022, 01-01, Volume: 40, Issue:1

    Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Diabetes

2022
Screening-guided spironolactone treatment of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction for heart failure prevention in at-risk patients.
    European journal of heart failure, 2022, Volume: 24, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Spironolactone; Stroke Volume;

2022
Efficacy and Safety of Low-dose Spironolactone for Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2023, 08-18, Volume: 108, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Anta

2023
A randomised, factorial trial to reduce arterial stiffness independently of blood pressure: Proof of concept? The VaSera trial testing dietary nitrate and spironolactone.
    British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2020, Volume: 86, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Beta vulgaris; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dietary Supplements; Double-B

2020
Effects of spironolactone on serum markers of fibrosis in people at high risk of developing heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a proof-of-concept, randomised, precision-medicine, prevention trial. The Heart OMics in AGing (HO
    European journal of heart failure, 2020, Volume: 22, Issue:9

    Topics: Aged; Aging; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Fibrosis; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; N

2020
Baseline urinary metabolites predict albuminuria response to spironolactone in type 2 diabetes.
    Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 2020, Volume: 222

    Topics: Albumins; Albuminuria; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Humans

2020
Design of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism in Diabetic Atherosclerosis (MAGMA) Trial.
    Clinical cardiology, 2017, Volume: 40, Issue:9

    Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Diseases; Atherosclerosis; Clinical Protocols; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Di

2017
Reducing Arterial Stiffness Independently of Blood Pressure: The VaSera Trial.
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2017, 09-26, Volume: 70, Issue:13

    Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method; Doxazosin;

2017
Effects of Different Doses of Irbesartan Combined With Spironolactone on Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate in Elderly Patients With Early Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy.
    The American journal of the medical sciences, 2018, Volume: 355, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Neph

2018
A comparison of the effects of selective and non-selective mineralocorticoid antagonism on glucose homeostasis of heart failure patients with glucose intolerance or type II diabetes: A randomized controlled double-blind trial.
    American heart journal, 2018, Volume: 204

    Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female;

2018
    Journal of patient-reported outcomes, 2018, Volume: 2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Astrocytes; Bariatric Surgery; Beta vulgaris; Bioreactors; Biotechnology; Bloo

2018
Comparison of Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Versus Without Insulin + Heart Failure With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (from the TOPCAT Study).
    The American journal of cardiology, 2019, 02-15, Volume: 123, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Heart Fail

2019
Evaluation of spironolactone plus hydrochlorothiazide in reducing proteinuria in type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
    Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2015, Volume: 16, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Me

2015
Rationale and design of a randomized trial on the impact of aldosterone antagonism on cardiac structure and function in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
    Cardiovascular diabetology, 2013, Oct-01, Volume: 12

    Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Cardiovascular Ag

2013
Low dose spironolactone reduces blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind randomized clinical trial.
    Journal of hypertension, 2013, Volume: 31, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Albumins; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitori

2013
Biomarker and imaging responses to spironolactone in subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy.
    European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7

    Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; Dose-R

2014
Low-dose spironolactone reduces plasma fibulin-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and resistant hypertension.
    Journal of human hypertension, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Denmark; Diabet

2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary microvascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
    Diabetes, 2015, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Coronary Circulation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type

2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary microvascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
    Diabetes, 2015, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Coronary Circulation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type

2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary microvascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
    Diabetes, 2015, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Coronary Circulation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type

2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary microvascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
    Diabetes, 2015, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Coronary Circulation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type

2015
Amiloride lowers blood pressure and attenuates urine plasminogen activation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension.
    Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH, 2014, Volume: 8, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Amiloride; Antihypertensive Agents; Blotting, Western; Creatinine; Diabete

2014
Rationale and design of MinerAlocorticoid Receptor antagonist Tolerability Study-Heart Failure (ARTS-HF): a randomized study of finerenone vs. eplerenone in patients who have worsening chronic heart failure with diabetes and/or chronic kidney disease.
    European journal of heart failure, 2015, Volume: 17, Issue:2

    Topics: Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Mine

2015
Anti-albuminuric effects of spironolactone in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial.
    Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2015, Volume: 19, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Asian People; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diab

2015
Effect of low-dose spironolactone on resistant hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial in a sub-Saharan African population.
    BMC research notes, 2016, Mar-23, Volume: 9

    Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dose-Response Rel

2016
Predicting albuminuria response to spironolactone treatment with urinary proteomics in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2018, 02-01, Volume: 33, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans

2018
Effect of spironolactone therapy on albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
    Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, 2008, Volume: 14, Issue:8

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Therapy

2008
Effect of spironolactone and amiloride on thiazolidinedione-induced fluid retention in South Indian patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiloride; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diuretics; Edema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Ag

2013
Effectiveness of aldosterone blockade in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
    Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:1

    Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diab

2003
Spironolactone impairs endothelial function and heart rate variability in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Diabetologia, 2004, Volume: 47, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopath

2004
Antiproteinuric effects of mineralocorticoid receptor blockade in patients with chronic renal disease.
    American journal of hypertension, 2005, Volume: 18, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Collagen Type IV; Diabetes Mellitus,

2005
Spironolactone reduces brachial pulse wave velocity and PIIINP levels in hypertensive diabetic patients.
    British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2005, Volume: 59, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic A

2005
Aldosterone blockade attenuates urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by diabetic nephropathy.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2006, Volume: 91, Issue:6

    Topics: Chemokine CCL2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dinoprost; Humans; Mineralocortic

2006
Spironolactone in type 2 diabetic nephropathy: Effects on proteinuria, blood pressure and renal function.
    Journal of hypertension, 2006, Volume: 24, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Bloo

2006
Effect of various diuretic treatments on rosiglitazone-induced fluid retention.
    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2006, Volume: 17, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diuretics; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ede

2006
The effect of spironolactone on circulating adipocytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic nephropathy.
    Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2006, Volume: 55, Issue:12

    Topics: Adiponectin; Aged; Body Mass Index; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Fe

2006
Beneficial effects of eplerenone versus hydrochlorothiazide on coronary circulatory function in patients with diabetes mellitus.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brachia

2007
Circadian blood pressure variation and antihypertensive medication adjustment in normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetes patients.
    Kidney & blood pressure research, 2007, Volume: 30, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Amlodipine; Antihypertensive Agents; Bisoprolol; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Diab

2007
Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2006, Volume: 1, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diabetes Me

2006
Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2006, Volume: 1, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diabetes Me

2006
Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2006, Volume: 1, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diabetes Me

2006
Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2006, Volume: 1, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diabetes Me

2006

Other Studies

38 other studies available for spironolactone and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

ArticleYear
Efficacy and safety assessment of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with chronic kidney disease.
    European journal of internal medicine, 2023, Volume: 115

    Topics: Bayes Theorem; Cardiovascular Diseases; Creatine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies;

2023
NLRP3 Inflammasome and Mineralocorticoid Receptors Are Associated with Vascular Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
    Cells, 2019, 12-08, Volume: 8, Issue:12

    Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Caspase 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Flow Cytometry; Furans; Heterocycl

2019
Disease characteristics and outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes: a matched cohort study of spironolactone users and non-users.
    BMC nephrology, 2020, 02-26, Volume: 21, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dise

2020
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Pathway and Its Antagonism in a Model of Diabetic Retinopathy.
    Diabetes, 2021, Volume: 70, Issue:11

    Topics: Animals; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Gene

2021
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism reverses diabetes-related coronary vasodilator dysfunction: A unique vascular transcriptomic signature.
    Pharmacological research, 2018, Volume: 134

    Topics: Animals; Arterioles; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Vessels; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic

2018
Comment on 'Cardiac effects of 6 months' dietary nitrate and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and with/at risk of type 2 diabetes, in the factorial design, double-blind, randomised controlled VaSera trial' by Faconti et al.
    British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2019, Volume: 85, Issue:5

    Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypertension; Spiro

2019
Reply to 'Comment on 'Cardiac effects of 6 months' dietary nitrate and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and with/at risk of type 2 diabetes, in the factorial design, double-blind, randomised controlled VaSera trial' by Faconti et al.'
    British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2019, Volume: 85, Issue:5

    Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypertension; Spiro

2019
Patient characteristics and initiation of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with chronic kidney disease in routine clinical practice in the US: a retrospective cohort study.
    BMC nephrology, 2019, 05-16, Volume: 20, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Lo

2019
Effect of spironolactone on cardiovascular complications associated with type-2 diabetes in rats.
    Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 2013, Volume: 121, Issue:8

    Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cytoprotection; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus

2013
Type 2 diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications: comparative evaluation of spironolactone, atenolol, metoprolol, ramipril and perindopril.
    Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993), 2014, Volume: 36, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Disease

2014
Eplerenone attenuated cardiac steatosis, apoptosis and diastolic dysfunction in experimental type-II diabetes.
    Cardiovascular diabetology, 2013, Nov-21, Volume: 12

    Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cardiomegaly; Cell Line; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; D

2013
Mineralocorticoid receptors: an appealing target to treat coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes.
    Diabetes, 2015, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Coronary Circulation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Female; Humans; Male; Microc

2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade prevents vascular remodelling in a rodent model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2015, Volume: 129, Issue:7

    Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Collagen; Diabetes Me

2015
Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition Improves Glucose Tolerance in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rats.
    Endocrinology, 2016, Volume: 157, Issue:10

    Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Diabetes

2016
Genotype/Phenotype Analysis in 67 Chinese Patients with Gitelman's Syndrome.
    American journal of nephrology, 2016, Volume: 44, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Asian People; Calcium; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diuretics; Female; Genotype; Gitelman Syndr

2016
Effect of eplerenone, enalapril and their combination treatment on diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetic rats.
    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2009, Volume: 24, Issue:1

    Topics: Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Base Sequence; Collagen Type IV; Dia

2009
Severe macular edema induced by pioglitazone in a patient with diabetic retinopathy: a case study.
    Vascular health and risk management, 2008, Volume: 4, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diuretics; Female; Fluorescein Angiography;

2008
Losartan reduces the onset of type 2 diabetes in hypertensive Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    Journal of medical virology, 2009, Volume: 81, Issue:9

    Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Asian People; Case-Control Studies; Data Interpretation, Statistical;

2009
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade enhances the antiproteinuric effect of an angiotensin II blocker through inhibiting podocyte injury in type 2 diabetic rats.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2010, Volume: 332, Issue:3

    Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Diabetes Mellitus, Type

2010
Successful treatment of a mycotic aortic pseudoaneurysm in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus while treating primary aldosteronism with spironolactone.
    Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2010, Jul-30, Volume: 17, Issue:7

    Topics: Aged; Aneurysm, False; Aneurysm, Infected; Aortic Aneurysm; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Di

2010
Improvement of cognitive impairment in female type 2 diabetes mellitus mice by spironolactone.
    Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2012, Volume: 13, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cognition Disorders; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Electrolytes;

2012
Eplerenone prevents salt-induced vascular stiffness in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: a preliminary report.
    Cardiovascular diabetology, 2011, Oct-18, Volume: 10

    Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Eplerenone; Male; Rats; Rats, Zucker; Sodium Chloride, Dietary;

2011
Ask the doctor. My 69-year-old husband has had cardiomyopathy and diabetes for several years. Lately his ankles are always swollen. At his last doctor's visit, my husband's cardiologist said his heart has leaky valves and his ejection fraction is 10%. Wha
    Harvard heart letter : from Harvard Medical School, 2011, Volume: 22, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Cardiomyopathies; Diabe

2011
ACOG releases guidelines on diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome.
    American family physician, 2003, Apr-01, Volume: 67, Issue:7

    Topics: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Contraceptives, Oral; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Mi

2003
[The 10-minute consultation. Accidental finding: hyperkalemia. Caution with analgesics and bananas].
    MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2005, Jan-27, Volume: 147, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Analgesics; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Biopsy; Coronary Disease; Diabetes Melli

2005
[Successful resuscitation of a patient with hyperkalemic cardiac arrest by emergency hemodiafiltration].
    Der Anaesthesist, 2005, Volume: 54, Issue:11

    Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Cardiac Output, Low; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Diabet

2005
Role of aldosterone in diabetic nephropathy.
    Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2005, Volume: 10 Suppl

    Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CCL2; Collagen; Connective Tissue Grow

2005
Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome and insulin resistance.
    Pediatric annals, 2005, Volume: 34, Issue:9

    Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hyperandrogenism; Hyperlipidemia

2005
Life-threatening hypokalaemia on a low-carbohydrate diet associated with previously undiagnosed primary hyperaldosteronism [corrected].
    Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2005, Volume: 22, Issue:11

    Topics: Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Humans; Hypoaldostero

2005
Bilateral renal artery stenosis and primary aldosteronism in a diabetic patient.
    QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians, 2005, Volume: 98, Issue:12

    Topics: Adrenal Glands; Arteriosclerosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Female; Humans;

2005
Spironolactone prevents diabetic nephropathy through an anti-inflammatory mechanism in type 2 diabetic rats.
    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2006, Volume: 17, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CCL2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabe

2006
[41th Congress of EASD (European Association for The Study of Diabetes) 10 to 15 September 2005, Athens, Greece].
    La Revue de medecine interne, 2006, Volume: 27, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Antihypertensive Agents; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cardiovascular Disease

2006
Spironolactone ameliorates renal injury and connective tissue growth factor expression in type II diabetic rats.
    Kidney international, 2006, Volume: 70, Issue:1

    Topics: 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Aldosterone; Animals; Collagen Type IV; Connective Tissue Gro

2006
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist reduces renal injury in rodent models of types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Endocrinology, 2006, Volume: 147, Issue:11

    Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus,

2006
Spironolactone in patients with heart failure.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2000, Jan-13, Volume: 342, Issue:2

    Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Heart Failure; Humans; Hyperkal

2000
[Bullous pemphigoid induced by spironolactone].
    Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie, 2002, Volume: 129, Issue:1 Pt 1

    Topics: Aged; Biopsy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Drug Eruptions; Drug Therapy, Combin

2002
Grinspan's syndrome: a drug-induced phenomenon?
    Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology, 1990, Volume: 70, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Atenolol; Bendroflumethiazide; Chlorpropamide; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D

1990
[Restoration of insulin sensitivity after correction of hypokalemia due to chronic tubulopathy in a diabetic patient].
    Diabete & metabolisme, 1988, Volume: 14, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Glucose Clamp Technique; Humans; H

1988