spironolactone and Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular studies

Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)
spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of spironolactone on left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with preserved LV function following acute myocardial infarction (AMI)."	9.17	Does spironolactone have a dose-dependent effect on left ventricular remodeling in patients with preserved left ventricular function after an acute myocardial infarction? ( Alihanoglu, Y; Bacaksiz, A; Demir, K; Gul, EE; Kayrak, M; Koc, F; Ozdemir, K; Sonmez, O; Tasal, A; Turfan, M; Vatankulu, MA; Yazici, M, 2013)
"To evaluate the effects of spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) and left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)."	9.15	Effects of spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular remodelling after reperfusion therapy in patients with first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. ( Ichikawa, S; Kasama, S; Kumakura, H; Kurabayashi, M; Matsumoto, N; Minami, K; Sato, Y; Sumino, H; Takayama, Y; Toyama, T, 2011)
"Spironolactone was shown to reduce mortality in patients with heart failure (HF)."	9.15	Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on atrial conduction and remodeling in patients with heart failure. ( Hadano, Y; Hiratsuka, A; Iwami, T; Kimura, M; Matsuzaki, M; Mochizuki, M; Ogawa, H; Shimizu, A; Takaki, A; Wakeyama, T, 2011)
"Aim of the investigation was the study of influence of spironolactone (25 - 75 mg/day) on clinico-functional status, parameters of left ventricular (LV) remodeling, as well as safety of its long term application in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) receiving optimal therapy."	9.12	[Efficacy and safety of long-term application of spironolactone in patients with moderate and severe chronic heart failure receiving optimal therapy]. ( Baklanova, NA; Belenkov, IuN; Chelmakina, SM; Mareev, VY; Skvortsov, AA, 2007)
"Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) are now commonly used to treat hypertension because of their beneficial effects on cardiovascular remodeling."	9.12	Effects of spironolactone during an angiotensin II receptor blocker treatment on the left ventricular mass reduction in hypertensive patients with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. ( Date, T; Kawai, M; Mochizuki, S; Seki, S; Shimizu, M; Taniguchi, I; Taniguchi, M; Yoshida, S, 2006)
"To investigate the effect of spironolactone on left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) in patients with acute myocardial infarction."	9.11	[Effect of spironolactone on left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. ( Dong, Q; Han, YP; Li, SR; Li, XC; Liu, G; Liu, HB; Liu, KS; Wang, XP; Wang, Y; Xu, LF; Zhang, LP, 2005)
"We sought to evaluate the effects of spironolactone on neurohumoral factors and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF)."	9.09	Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. ( Fujii, M; Hayashi, M; Kinoshita, M; Mabuchi, N; Maeda, K; Matsui, T; Matsumoto, T; Ohnishi, M; Sawaki, M; Tsutamoto, T; Tsutsui, T; Wada, A, 2001)
"We investigated the effects of the aldosterone blocker eplerenone alone and in combination with angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on ventricular remodeling in rats with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after extensive myocardial infarction (MI)."	8.82	Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Omura, T; Yoshikawa, J; Yoshiyama, M, 2004)
" We evaluated the effects of aldosterone antagonist spironolactone on cardiac remodeling in rats with ascending aortic stenosis (AS)."	7.83	Effects of early aldosterone antagonism on cardiac remodeling in rats with aortic stenosis-induced pressure overload. ( Campos, DHS; Cezar, MDM; Cicogna, AC; Costa, LCO; Damatto, RL; Iyomasa, RM; Martinez, PF; Minicucci, MF; Okoshi, K; Okoshi, MP; Silva, MB, 2016)
"In this study, we examined whether spironolactone (SP) could inhibit doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in the rat heart."	7.83	Spironolactone Attenuates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. ( Chen, C; Dong, Z; Hou, T; Liu, G; Liu, Y; Wang, R; Zheng, S, 2016)
"We have previously shown rapid reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with 6 months of spironolactone therapy in patients with resistant hypertension (HTN), preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and no history of heart failure."	7.81	Effect of spironolactone on diastolic function in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. ( Aban, I; Calhoun, DA; Dell'Italia, LJ; Denney, TS; Gaddam, KK; Gupta, A; Gupta, H; Lloyd, SG; Oparil, S; Schiros, CG, 2015)
"Dogs subjected to RVP for 8 weeks in the absence or presence of eplerenone treatment during the final 4 weeks of pacing were assessed by echocardiography, electrophysiology study,ventricular fibrosis measurements, and inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression analysis."	7.80	Eplerenone-mediated regression of electrical activation delays and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. ( , 2014)
"Our objective was to analyze the effect of spironolactone on cardiac remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction (MI), assessed by matricellular proteins levels, cardiac collagen amount and distribution, myocardial tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) concentration, myocyte hypertrophy, left ventricular architecture, and in vitro and in vivo cardiac function."	7.79	Mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of spironolactone after myocardial infarction. ( Azevedo, PS; Chiuso-Minicucci, F; dos Santos, PP; Gonçalves, AF; Minicucci, MF; Okoshi, K; Paiva, SA; Pereira, EJ; Polegato, BF; Rafacho, BP; Silva, RA; Zornoff, LA, 2013)
" Spironolactone is well known to have an anti-aldosteronergic effect, and this agent could improve cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)."	7.79	Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Ichikawa, S; Kasama, S; Kumakura, H; Kurabayashi, M; Matsumoto, N; Minami, K; Sato, Y; Sumino, H; Takayama, Y; Toyama, T, 2013)
"Aldosterone receptor antagonist, spironolactone, has been shown to prevent remodeling of the heart in several models of left ventricular hypertrophy."	7.74	Spironolactone differently influences remodeling of the left ventricle and aorta in L-NAME-induced hypertension. ( Krajcírovicová, K; Lupták, I; Matúsková, J; Paulis, L; Pechánová, O; Pelouch, V; Pincíková, T; Pomsár, J; Simko, F; Stvrtina, S, 2007)
"N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension is associated with protein remodeling of the left ventricle."	7.74	Spontaneous, L-arginine-induced and spironolactone-induced regression of protein remodeling of the left ventricle in L-NAME-induced hypertension. ( Adamcová, M; Krajcírovicová, K; Matúsková, J; Paulis, L; Pechánová, O; Pelouch, V; Potácová, A; Simko, F, 2007)
"Atrial fibrosis caused by chronic CHF is reduced by spironolactone."	7.73	Spironolactone reduces fibrosis of dilated atria during heart failure in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Beaufils, P; Deangelis, N; Delcayre, C; Hatem, SN; Leenhardt, A; Milliez, P; Robidel, E; Rucker-Martin, C; Vicaut, E, 2005)
" We studied the effects of eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy after autoimmune myocarditis."	7.73	Effects of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy. ( Aizawa, Y; Kodama, M; Ma, M; Tachikawa, H; Takahashi, T; Wahed, MI; Watanabe, K; Yamaguchi, K, 2005)
"Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, has been shown to attenuate cardiac fibrosis and decrease cardiovascular events in both experimental and clinical studies."	7.73	Effects of eplerenone and salt intake on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. ( Abe, Y; Izumi, T; Mochizuki, S; Taniguchi, I; Urabe, A, 2006)
"To examine the effects of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) and myocardial remodelling related transcriptional factors and mRNA expression in non-infarcted myocardium."	7.73	Effects of eplerenone on transcriptional factors and mRNA expression related to cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. ( Akioka, K; Enomoto, S; Iwao, H; Izumi, Y; Kim, S; Kusuyama, T; Matsumoto, R; Omura, T; Takeuchi, K; Yoshikawa, J; Yoshiyama, M, 2005)
"We investigated the effects of the aldosterone blocker eplerenone alone and in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on ventricular remodeling in rats with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after extensive myocardial infarction (MI)."	7.72	Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling and neurohormonal activation by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and ACE inhibition in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Bauersachs, J; Christ, M; Ertl, G; Fraccarollo, D; Galuppo, P; Hildemann, S, 2003)
"Oral administration of spironolactone improves cardiac remodeling and its central infusion prevents the increase in sympathetic drive post-myocardial infarction (MI)."	7.72	Critical role of CNS effects of aldosterone in cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction in rats. ( Lal, A; Leenen, FH; Veinot, JP, 2004)
"We sought to investigate the effects of adding spironolactone (SP) to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF)."	7.71	Addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. ( Bauersachs, J; Christ, M; Ertl, G; Fraccarollo, D; Heck, M; Hildemann, SK; Wehling, M, 2002)
"Aldosterone also promotes myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodelling by enhancing collagen synthesis, resulting in increased myocardial stiffness and increased left ventricular mass."	6.42	The clinical implications of aldosterone escape in congestive heart failure. ( Struthers, AD, 2004)
"Aldosterone was increased markedly in both the LV and RV at 8 weeks post-MI."	5.33	Prevention of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in transgenic rats deficient in brain angiotensinogen. ( Ganten, D; Lal, A; Leenen, FH; Veinot, JP, 2005)
"Eplerenone is a novel selective aldosterone blocker."	5.31	Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure. ( Goldstein, S; McMahon, EG; Mishima, T; Morita, H; Rudolph, AE; Sabbah, HN; Sharov, VG; Suzuki, G; Tanhehco, EJ; Todor, A, 2002)
" Characteristics of galectin-3 and its response to spironolactone have not been evaluated in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)."	5.20	Galectin-3 in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: results from the Aldo-DHF trial. ( Düngen, HD; Duvinage, A; Edelmann, F; Gelbrich, G; Halle, M; Hasenfuss, G; Herrmann-Lingen, C; Holzendorf, V; Kraigher-Krainer, E; Nolte, K; Pieske, BM; Schmidt, AG; Stough, WG; Tschöpe, C; Unkelbach, I; Wachter, R, 2015)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of spironolactone on left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with preserved LV function following acute myocardial infarction (AMI)."	5.17	Does spironolactone have a dose-dependent effect on left ventricular remodeling in patients with preserved left ventricular function after an acute myocardial infarction? ( Alihanoglu, Y; Bacaksiz, A; Demir, K; Gul, EE; Kayrak, M; Koc, F; Ozdemir, K; Sonmez, O; Tasal, A; Turfan, M; Vatankulu, MA; Yazici, M, 2013)
"To evaluate the effects of spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) and left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)."	5.15	Effects of spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular remodelling after reperfusion therapy in patients with first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. ( Ichikawa, S; Kasama, S; Kumakura, H; Kurabayashi, M; Matsumoto, N; Minami, K; Sato, Y; Sumino, H; Takayama, Y; Toyama, T, 2011)
"Spironolactone was shown to reduce mortality in patients with heart failure (HF)."	5.15	Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on atrial conduction and remodeling in patients with heart failure. ( Hadano, Y; Hiratsuka, A; Iwami, T; Kimura, M; Matsuzaki, M; Mochizuki, M; Ogawa, H; Shimizu, A; Takaki, A; Wakeyama, T, 2011)
"Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) are now commonly used to treat hypertension because of their beneficial effects on cardiovascular remodeling."	5.12	Effects of spironolactone during an angiotensin II receptor blocker treatment on the left ventricular mass reduction in hypertensive patients with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. ( Date, T; Kawai, M; Mochizuki, S; Seki, S; Shimizu, M; Taniguchi, I; Taniguchi, M; Yoshida, S, 2006)
"The objective of this study was to determine if adding spironolactone to an angiotensin II receptor blocker improves left ventricular (LV) function, mass, and volumes in chronic heart failure."	5.12	Aldosterone receptor antagonism induces reverse remodeling when added to angiotensin receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. ( Chan, AK; Chan, WW; Lam, W; Lam, YY; Sanderson, JE; So, N; Wang, M; Wang, T; Wong, JT; Wu, EB; Yeung, L; Yip, G; Yu, CM; Zhang, Y, 2007)
"Aim of the investigation was the study of influence of spironolactone (25 - 75 mg/day) on clinico-functional status, parameters of left ventricular (LV) remodeling, as well as safety of its long term application in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) receiving optimal therapy."	5.12	[Efficacy and safety of long-term application of spironolactone in patients with moderate and severe chronic heart failure receiving optimal therapy]. ( Baklanova, NA; Belenkov, IuN; Chelmakina, SM; Mareev, VY; Skvortsov, AA, 2007)
"To investigate the effect of spironolactone on left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) in patients with acute myocardial infarction."	5.11	[Effect of spironolactone on left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. ( Dong, Q; Han, YP; Li, SR; Li, XC; Liu, G; Liu, HB; Liu, KS; Wang, XP; Wang, Y; Xu, LF; Zhang, LP, 2005)
"To evaluate the effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) spironolactone on post-infarct LV remodeling, 134 patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction were randomly divided into the MRA (n=65) or non-MRA (n=69) groups after revascularization."	5.10	Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial in ( Fujii, M; Hamatani, T; Hayashi, M; Horie, M; Ishii, C; Kataoka, K; Kinoshita, M; Morigami, N; Nozato, Y; Ohnishi, M; Ohno, K; Taniguchi, A; Tsutamoto, T; Tsutsui, T; Wada, A, 2003)
"We sought to evaluate the effects of spironolactone on neurohumoral factors and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF)."	5.09	Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. ( Fujii, M; Hayashi, M; Kinoshita, M; Mabuchi, N; Maeda, K; Matsui, T; Matsumoto, T; Ohnishi, M; Sawaki, M; Tsutamoto, T; Tsutsui, T; Wada, A, 2001)
"We investigated the effects of the aldosterone blocker eplerenone alone and in combination with angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on ventricular remodeling in rats with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after extensive myocardial infarction (MI)."	4.82	Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Omura, T; Yoshikawa, J; Yoshiyama, M, 2004)
" The selective aldosterone blocker, eplerenone (Inspra), is under development for human therapeutic use for treatment of hypertension and heart failure post-myocardial infarction (MI)."	4.82	Aldosterone target organ protection by eplerenone. ( McMahon, EG; Rocha, R; Rudolph, AE, 2004)
" Further proof of this hypothesis should be forthcoming from the results of the Eplerenone Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS) early in 2003 in which the aldosterone receptor antagonist eplerenone is being evaluated in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction post myocardial infarction."	4.81	Do diuretics and aldosterone receptor antagonists improve ventricular remodeling? ( Pitt, B, 2002)
" Spironolactone may work through osteoblast MR/OCN axis to exert its therapeutic effects on pathological ventricular remodeling and heart failure in mice and human patients."	4.12	Osteoblast MR deficiency protects against adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. ( Bai, L; Chen, BY; Du, LJ; Duan, SZ; Guo, XG; Li, RG; Li, YL; Lin, WZ; Liu, T; Liu, Y; Ma, XX; Meng, XQ; Shao, S; Shi, XR; Sun, JY; Wang, YL; Zhou, LJ; Zhu, H, 2022)
"Cardiac protein expression levels of inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and fibrosis markers were upregulated in the hearts of CHF rats, while treatment with either torasemide or spironolactone has downregulated their expression."	3.85	Comparative evaluation of torasemide and spironolactone on adverse cardiac remodeling in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy. ( Arumugam, S; Harima, M; Karuppagounder, V; Nakamura, M; Sone, H; Sreedhar, R; Suzuki, H; Watanabe, K, 2017)
" We evaluated the effects of aldosterone antagonist spironolactone on cardiac remodeling in rats with ascending aortic stenosis (AS)."	3.83	Effects of early aldosterone antagonism on cardiac remodeling in rats with aortic stenosis-induced pressure overload. ( Campos, DHS; Cezar, MDM; Cicogna, AC; Costa, LCO; Damatto, RL; Iyomasa, RM; Martinez, PF; Minicucci, MF; Okoshi, K; Okoshi, MP; Silva, MB, 2016)
"Acute myocardial infarction was induced in 60 rats via left coronary artery ligation: 50 animals were randomized to be euthanized after 1, 2, 4, 12, or 24 weeks; 10 animals were treated with eplerenone (100 mg/kg/days) 7 days before the AMI until their euthanasia (4 weeks later); 8 additional animals underwent surgery without ligation (control)."	3.83	The TBX1 Transcription Factor in Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. ( Asensio-López, MC; Caballero, L; Fernández-Del Palacio, MJ; Gimeno-Blanes, JR; Lax, A; Navarro-Peñalver, M; Pascual-Figal, DA; Pérez-Martínez, MT; Sánchez-Más, J, 2016)
"In this study, we examined whether spironolactone (SP) could inhibit doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in the rat heart."	3.83	Spironolactone Attenuates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. ( Chen, C; Dong, Z; Hou, T; Liu, G; Liu, Y; Wang, R; Zheng, S, 2016)
"We have previously shown rapid reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with 6 months of spironolactone therapy in patients with resistant hypertension (HTN), preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and no history of heart failure."	3.81	Effect of spironolactone on diastolic function in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. ( Aban, I; Calhoun, DA; Dell'Italia, LJ; Denney, TS; Gaddam, KK; Gupta, A; Gupta, H; Lloyd, SG; Oparil, S; Schiros, CG, 2015)
"1) the beneficial effect of aliskiren on SBP was enhanced by simultaneous administration of spironolactone; 2) echocardiographic studies showed that the left ventricle diameter (LVD), the left ventricle end diastolic volume (LVEDV) and the left ventricle posterior wall thickness (LVPW) were significantly reduced by the combination of both drugs when compared with aliskiren alone; 3) the ejection fraction was also increased; 4) histological studies indicated a greater decline in perivascular and interstitial fibrosis when both drugs were used; 5) the decrease of electrical remodeling of the left ventricle caused by aliskiren was further reduced by simultaneous administration of spironolactone; 6) the cardiac refractoriness increased by aliskiren was further incremented by spironolactone."	3.81	Spironolactone enhances the beneficial effect of aliskiren on cardiac structural and electrical remodeling in TGR(mRen2)27 rats. ( De Mello, WC, 2015)
"Dogs subjected to RVP for 8 weeks in the absence or presence of eplerenone treatment during the final 4 weeks of pacing were assessed by echocardiography, electrophysiology study,ventricular fibrosis measurements, and inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression analysis."	3.80	Eplerenone-mediated regression of electrical activation delays and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. ( , 2014)
" We evaluated the efficacy of MR antagonism by spironolactone in two experimental PH models; mouse chronic hypoxia-induced PH (prevention model) and rat monocrotaline-induced PH (prevention and treatment models)."	3.79	Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates experimental pulmonary hypertension. ( Fanburg, BL; Hill, NS; Jaffe, IZ; Preston, IR; Sagliani, KD; Warburton, RR, 2013)
"Our objective was to analyze the effect of spironolactone on cardiac remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction (MI), assessed by matricellular proteins levels, cardiac collagen amount and distribution, myocardial tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) concentration, myocyte hypertrophy, left ventricular architecture, and in vitro and in vivo cardiac function."	3.79	Mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of spironolactone after myocardial infarction. ( Azevedo, PS; Chiuso-Minicucci, F; dos Santos, PP; Gonçalves, AF; Minicucci, MF; Okoshi, K; Paiva, SA; Pereira, EJ; Polegato, BF; Rafacho, BP; Silva, RA; Zornoff, LA, 2013)
" Spironolactone is well known to have an anti-aldosteronergic effect, and this agent could improve cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)."	3.79	Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Ichikawa, S; Kasama, S; Kumakura, H; Kurabayashi, M; Matsumoto, N; Minami, K; Sato, Y; Sumino, H; Takayama, Y; Toyama, T, 2013)
" Fifty-five rats with heart failure were then randomized in 5 groups: sham, MI, and MI treated for 4 weeks with spironolactone (10 mg·kg·d), atenolol (1 mg·kg·d), or both."	3.78	Effects of spironolactone alone and in addition to a β-blocker on myocardial histological and electrical remodeling in chronic severe failing rat hearts. ( Callebert, J; Champ-Rigot, L; Delcayre, C; Gomes, S; Milliez, P; Samuel, JL, 2012)
"The recent publication of the Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure (EMPHASIS-HF) has affirmed the important role of aldosterone-receptor antagonism across the spectrum of systolic heart failure."	3.77	Aldosterone-receptor antagonists in heart failure: insights after EMPHASIS-HF. ( Jacob, MS; Tang, WH, 2011)
"This study's aim was to determine whether chronic eplerenone treatment protects against detrimental ventricular electrical remodeling and development of an arrhythmogenic substrate in a rapid ventricular pacing (RVP)-induced heart failure model."	3.75	Aldosterone blockade attenuates development of an electrophysiological substrate associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmias in heart failure. ( Hoeker, G; Laurita, KR; Martovitz, NL; Shroff, SC; Stambler, BS, 2009)
"Several studies have shown beneficial effects of eplerenone in hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction, but its action on cardiac and vascular changes secondary to blood pressure elevation are not clear yet."	3.74	Eplerenone offsets cardiac and aortic adverse remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. ( Burla, AK; Mandarim-de-Lacerda, CA; Neves, MF; Oigman, W, 2007)
"N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension is associated with protein remodeling of the left ventricle."	3.74	Spontaneous, L-arginine-induced and spironolactone-induced regression of protein remodeling of the left ventricle in L-NAME-induced hypertension. ( Adamcová, M; Krajcírovicová, K; Matúsková, J; Paulis, L; Pechánová, O; Pelouch, V; Potácová, A; Simko, F, 2007)
"Aldosterone receptor antagonist, spironolactone, has been shown to prevent remodeling of the heart in several models of left ventricular hypertrophy."	3.74	Spironolactone differently influences remodeling of the left ventricle and aorta in L-NAME-induced hypertension. ( Krajcírovicová, K; Lupták, I; Matúsková, J; Paulis, L; Pechánová, O; Pelouch, V; Pincíková, T; Pomsár, J; Simko, F; Stvrtina, S, 2007)
"To examine the effects of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) and myocardial remodelling related transcriptional factors and mRNA expression in non-infarcted myocardium."	3.73	Effects of eplerenone on transcriptional factors and mRNA expression related to cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. ( Akioka, K; Enomoto, S; Iwao, H; Izumi, Y; Kim, S; Kusuyama, T; Matsumoto, R; Omura, T; Takeuchi, K; Yoshikawa, J; Yoshiyama, M, 2005)
"Atrial fibrosis caused by chronic CHF is reduced by spironolactone."	3.73	Spironolactone reduces fibrosis of dilated atria during heart failure in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Beaufils, P; Deangelis, N; Delcayre, C; Hatem, SN; Leenhardt, A; Milliez, P; Robidel, E; Rucker-Martin, C; Vicaut, E, 2005)
"To evaluate the role of spironolactone in myocardial remodelling in a Chagas cardiomyopathy model."	3.73	Aldosterone antagonism in an inflammatory state: evidence for myocardial protection. ( Billate, A; Fernandes, F; Ianni, BM; Mady, C; Martins, DG; Neto, EC; Ramires, FJ; Salemi, VM, 2006)
"Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, has been shown to attenuate cardiac fibrosis and decrease cardiovascular events in both experimental and clinical studies."	3.73	Effects of eplerenone and salt intake on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. ( Abe, Y; Izumi, T; Mochizuki, S; Taniguchi, I; Urabe, A, 2006)
" We studied the effects of eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy after autoimmune myocarditis."	3.73	Effects of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy. ( Aizawa, Y; Kodama, M; Ma, M; Tachikawa, H; Takahashi, T; Wahed, MI; Watanabe, K; Yamaguchi, K, 2005)
"In mice with MI, eplerenone attenuates progression of heart failure comparably to ACEi, and its effect is independent of BP lowering."	3.72	Role of a selective aldosterone blocker in mice with chronic heart failure. ( Carretero, OA; Liu, YH; Peterson, E; Rhaleb, NE; Rudolph, AE; Wang, D; Xu, J; Yang, XP, 2004)
"Because the effects of an aldosterone receptor antagonist on transcriptional factors and mRNA expression have not been fully examined in myocardial infarction (MI), the present study examined the effects of spironolactone (SPIRO) and candesartan cilexitil (CAN) on activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and mRNA expression in the non-ischemic myocardium after MI."	3.72	Effects of aldosterone receptor antagonist and angiotensin II type I receptor blocker on cardiac transcriptional factors and mRNA expression in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Akioka, K; Iwao, H; Izumi, Y; Kim, S; Matsumoto, R; Nakamura, Y; Omura, T; Takeuchi, K; Yoshikawa, J; Yoshiyama, M, 2004)
"We investigated the effects of the aldosterone blocker eplerenone alone and in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on ventricular remodeling in rats with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after extensive myocardial infarction (MI)."	3.72	Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling and neurohormonal activation by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and ACE inhibition in rats with myocardial infarction. ( Bauersachs, J; Christ, M; Ertl, G; Fraccarollo, D; Galuppo, P; Hildemann, S, 2003)
"Oral administration of spironolactone improves cardiac remodeling and its central infusion prevents the increase in sympathetic drive post-myocardial infarction (MI)."	3.72	Critical role of CNS effects of aldosterone in cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction in rats. ( Lal, A; Leenen, FH; Veinot, JP, 2004)
"The role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in cardiac remodelling was studied in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats."	3.71	Spironolactone and captopril attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodelling in rats. ( Casis, O; Echevarria, E; Espiña, L; Gallego, M; Iriarte, MM; Vegas, L, 2001)
"We sought to investigate the effects of adding spironolactone (SP) to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF)."	3.71	Addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. ( Bauersachs, J; Christ, M; Ertl, G; Fraccarollo, D; Heck, M; Hildemann, SK; Wehling, M, 2002)
"Reverse ventricular remodeling obtained with carvedilol, ramipril/candesartan, and spironolacton is associated with decreases in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, tenascin-C levels, and NT-proBNP levels."	2.78	Tenascin-C as predictor of left ventricular remodeling and mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. ( Akpek, M; Kaya, EG; Kaya, MG; Lam, YY; Sarli, B; Topsakal, R, 2013)
"Obesity has been shown to be associated with increased left ventricular mass (LVM) and heart sympathetic activity even in nonhypertensive subjects."	2.71	Effect of losartan and spironolactone on left ventricular mass and heart sympathetic activity in prehypertensive obese subjects: a 16-week randomized trial. ( Amador, N; Encarnación, JJ; Guízar, JM; López, M; Rodríguez, L, 2005)
"19."	2.53	Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in End-Stage Renal Disease: Efficacy and Safety. ( Bomback, AS, 2016)
"Hyperkalemia is the main potential side effect of eplerenone, especially when used in combination with other medications that can cause hyperkalemia."	2.46	Review article: eplerenone: an underused medication? ( Abuannadi, M; O'Keefe, JH, 2010)
"Ischemic heart failure is induced by myocardial ischemia, which is probably the commonest cause of left ventricular systolic dysfunction."	2.42	[Ischemic heart failure]. ( Hori, M; Inoue, K, 2003)
"Aldosterone also promotes myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodelling by enhancing collagen synthesis, resulting in increased myocardial stiffness and increased left ventricular mass."	2.42	The clinical implications of aldosterone escape in congestive heart failure. ( Struthers, AD, 2004)
"Spironolactone treatment demonstrated significant attenuation of cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis in left ventricular tissue compared to furosemide."	1.72	Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Mitigate Mitral Regurgitation-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction. ( Chang, WT; Chen, CY; Chen, ZC; Lin, YW; Liu, PY; Luo, CY; Shih, JY; Wu, CC, 2022)
"Treatment with eplerenone (100 mg/kg/d) attenuated left ventricular hypertrophy and fully prevented fibrosis, dilatation, and failure."	1.40	Atrial natriuretic peptide locally counteracts the deleterious effects of cardiomyocyte mineralocorticoid receptor activation. ( Baba, HA; Frantz, S; Gaßner, B; Kuhn, M; Nakagawa, H; Nikolaev, VO; Oberwinkler, H; Saito, Y; Umbenhauer, S; Wagner, H, 2014)
" Chronic administration of a subdepressor dose of eplerenone prevented MR translocation, macrophage infiltration, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and LV dysfunction, while not affecting BPV."	1.39	Blood pressure variability activates cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor and induces cardiac remodeling in hypertensive rats. ( Anegawa, T; Hirooka, Y; Imaizumi, T; Kage, M; Kai, H; Kajimoto, H; Koga, M; Kudo, H; Mifune, H; Miyamoto, T; Takayama, N; Yasuoka, S, 2013)
"Spironolactone treatment reversed all the above effects."	1.37	A role for cardiotrophin-1 in myocardial remodeling induced by aldosterone. ( Cachofeiro, V; Díez, J; Fortuno, MA; Lahera, V; López-Andrés, N; Martin-Fernandez, B; Rossignol, P; Zannad, F, 2011)
"Melatonin was shown to reduce blood pressure, oxidative load and to increase nitric oxide bioavailability predisposing melatonin to have antiremodelling potential."	1.35	Effect of melatonin, captopril, spironolactone and simvastatin on blood pressure and left ventricular remodelling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. ( Adamcova, M; Bednarova, K; Krajcirovicova, K; Mullerova, M; Paulis, L; Pechanova, O; Pelouch, V; Simko, F, 2009)
"Treatment with eplerenone at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/d reduced heart weight/body weight ratios, interstitial fibrosis and blood pressure to levels similar to those seen in wild type mice, in association with reduced transcription of atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, transforming growth factor-beta1, collagen I and collagen III."	1.35	The specific mineralocorticoid receptor blocker eplerenone attenuates left ventricular remodeling in mice lacking the gene encoding guanylyl cyclase-A. ( Imagawa, K; Kawata, H; Kishimoto, I; Nakao, K; Naya, N; Saito, Y; Somekawa, S; Takeda, Y; Uemura, S; Zhang, Q, 2008)
"Spironolactone is a promising therapeutic option for alleviating remodeling after left ventricular restoration."	1.35	Spironolactone alleviates late cardiac remodeling after left ventricular restoration surgery. ( Ikeda, T; Kanemitsu, H; Komeda, M; Marui, A; Nishina, T; Tsukashita, M; Wang, J; Yoshikawa, E, 2008)
"Aldosterone was increased markedly in both the LV and RV at 8 weeks post-MI."	1.33	Prevention of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in transgenic rats deficient in brain angiotensinogen. ( Ganten, D; Lal, A; Leenen, FH; Veinot, JP, 2005)
"The effect of chronic administration of eplerenone on cardiac remodelling and electrical properties was investigated in the failing heart of cardiomyopathic hamsters (TO-2) at five months of age."	1.33	Beneficial effect of eplerenone on cardiac remodelling and electrical properties of the failing heart. ( De Mello, WC, 2006)
"Eplerenone is a novel selective aldosterone blocker."	1.31	Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure. ( Goldstein, S; McMahon, EG; Mishima, T; Morita, H; Rudolph, AE; Sabbah, HN; Sharov, VG; Suzuki, G; Tanhehco, EJ; Todor, A, 2002)
"Infarct healing and left ventricular remodeling were evaluated at 3, 7, and 28 days after MI by determination of the diastolic pressure-volume relationship of the left ventricle, the infarct-thinning ratio, and the collagen-volume fraction."	1.31	Effect of a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist in myocardial infarction. ( Delyani, JA; Robinson, EL; Rudolph, AE, 2001)
"Cardiac failure is a common feature in the evolution of cardiac disease."	1.31	Reversible cardiac fibrosis and heart failure induced by conditional expression of an antisense mRNA of the mineralocorticoid receptor in cardiomyocytes. ( Beggah, AT; Bocchi, B; Cailmail, S; Delage, V; Delcayre, C; Escoubet, B; Farman, N; Jaisser, F; Ouvrard-Pascaud, A; Peuchmaur, M; Puttini, S, 2002)

Research

Studies (137)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Aborted Cardiac Arrest

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	77 (56.20)	29.6817
2010's	56 (40.88)	24.3611
2020's	4 (2.92)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Wang, YL	1
Bai, L	1
Shi, XR	1
Zhu, H	1
Du, LJ	1
Liu, Y	3
Ma, XX	1
Lin, WZ	1
Liu, T	1
Sun, JY	1
Guo, XG	1
Zhou, LJ	1
Chen, BY	1
Shao, S	1
Meng, XQ	1
Li, YL	1
Li, RG	1
Duan, SZ	1
Koch, V	1
Gruenewald, LD	1
Gruber-Rouh, T	1
Martin, S	1
Eichler, K	1
Booz, C	1
Yel, I	1
Vogl, TJ	1
Buchner, K	1
Hagenmueller, M	1
März, W	1
Frey, N	1
Hardt, SE	1
Riffel, JH	1
Chang, WT	1
Lin, YW	1
Chen, CY	1
Chen, ZC	1
Shih, JY	1
Wu, CC	1
Luo, CY	1
Liu, PY	1
Cohen, JB	1
Schrauben, SJ	1
Zhao, L	1
Basso, MD	1
Cvijic, ME	1
Li, Z	1
Yarde, M	1
Wang, Z	1
Bhattacharya, PT	1
Chirinos, DA	1
Prenner, S	1
Zamani, P	1
Seiffert, DA	1
Car, BD	1
Gordon, DA	1
Margulies, K	1
Cappola, T	1
Chirinos, JA	1
Rajagopalan, S	1
Alaiti, MA	1
Broadwater, K	1
Goud, A	1
Gaztanaga, J	1
Connelly, K	1
Fares, A	1
Shirazian, S	1
Kreatsoulas, C	1
Farkouh, M	1
Dobre, M	1
Fink, JC	1
Weir, MR	1
Arumugam, S	1
Sreedhar, R	1
Karuppagounder, V	1
Harima, M	2
Nakamura, M	1
Suzuki, H	1
Sone, H	1
Watanabe, K	3
Hammer, F	1
Malzahn, U	1
Donhauser, J	1
Betz, C	1
Schneider, MP	1
Grupp, C	1
Pollak, N	1
Störk, S	1
Wanner, C	1
Krane, V	1
Liu, GZ	1
Zhang, S	1
Li, YY	1
Liu, YW	1
Zhang, Y	2
Zhao, XB	1
Yuan, Y	1
Zhang, JW	1
Khannanova, Z	1
Li, Y	1
Bulluck, H	1
Fröhlich, GM	1
Nicholas, JM	1
Mohdnazri, S	1
Gamma, R	1
Davies, J	1
Sirker, A	1
Mathur, A	1
Blackman, D	1
Garg, P	1
Moon, JC	1
Greenwood, JP	1
Hausenloy, DJ	1
Sarli, B	1
Topsakal, R	1
Kaya, EG	1
Akpek, M	1
Lam, YY	2
Kaya, MG	1
Edelmann, F	2
Wachter, R	2
Schmidt, AG	2
Kraigher-Krainer, E	2
Colantonio, C	1
Kamke, W	1
Duvinage, A	2
Stahrenberg, R	1
Durstewitz, K	1
Löffler, M	1
Düngen, HD	2
Tschöpe, C	2
Herrmann-Lingen, C	2
Halle, M	2
Hasenfuss, G	2
Gelbrich, G	2
Pieske, B	1
Preston, IR	1
Sagliani, KD	1
Warburton, RR	1
Hill, NS	1
Fanburg, BL	1
Jaffe, IZ	1
Yasuoka, S	1
Kai, H	1
Kajimoto, H	1
Kudo, H	1
Takayama, N	1
Anegawa, T	1
Koga, M	1
Miyamoto, T	1
Mifune, H	1
Kage, M	1
Hirooka, Y	1
Imaizumi, T	1
Weir, RA	10
Petrie, CJ	7
Murphy, CA	5
Clements, S	7
Steedman, T	10
Miller, AM	4
McInnes, IB	4
Squire, IB	5
Ng, LL	5
Dargie, HJ	10
McMurray, JJ	9
Borlaug, BA	1
Januzzi, JL	1
De Mello, WC	2
Minicucci, MF	3
dos Santos, PP	2
Rafacho, BP	2
Gonçalves, AF	1
Silva, RA	1
Chiuso-Minicucci, F	2
Azevedo, PS	2
Polegato, BF	2
Okoshi, K	3
Pereira, EJ	2
Paiva, SA	2
Zornoff, LA	2
Shah, AM	1
Shah, SJ	1
Anand, IS	1
Sweitzer, NK	1
O'Meara, E	1
Heitner, JF	1
Sopko, G	1
Li, G	1
Assmann, SF	1
McKinlay, SM	1
Pitt, B	5
Pfeffer, MA	2
Solomon, SD	2
Ramírez, E	1
Klett-Mingo, M	1
Ares-Carrasco, S	1
Picatoste, B	1
Ferrarini, A	1
Rupérez, FJ	1
Caro-Vadillo, A	1
Barbas, C	1
Egido, J	1
Tuñón, J	1
Lorenzo, Ó	1
Cezar, MD	1
Damatto, RL	2
Martinez, PF	2
Lima, AR	1
Campos, DH	1
Rosa, CM	1
Guizoni, DM	1
Bonomo, C	2
Cicogna, AC	2
Gimenes, R	1
Pagan, LU	1
Okoshi, MP	3
Nakagawa, H	1
Oberwinkler, H	1
Nikolaev, VO	1
Gaßner, B	1
Umbenhauer, S	1
Wagner, H	1
Saito, Y	2
Baba, HA	1
Frantz, S	1
Kuhn, M	1
Rafatian, N	1
Westcott, KV	1
White, RA	1
Leenen, FH	4
Ohtake, M	2
Hattori, T	1
Murase, T	1
Takahashi, K	1
Takatsu, M	1
Miyachi, M	1
Watanabe, S	1
Cheng, XW	1
Murohara, T	2
Nagata, K	2
Gupta, A	1
Schiros, CG	1
Gaddam, KK	1
Aban, I	1
Denney, TS	1
Lloyd, SG	1
Oparil, S	2
Dell'Italia, LJ	1
Calhoun, DA	1
Gupta, H	1
Holzendorf, V	1
Nolte, K	1
Unkelbach, I	1
Stough, WG	1
Pieske, BM	1
Fiuzat, M	1
Burnett, JC	1
Bostick, B	1
Habibi, J	2
DeMarco, VG	1
Jia, G	1
Domeier, TL	1
Lambert, MD	1
Aroor, AR	1
Nistala, R	1
Bender, SB	1
Garro, M	1
Hayden, MR	2
Ma, L	1
Manrique, C	1
Sowers, JR	2
Simko, F	4
Pechanova, O	4
Krajcirovicova, K	4
Matuskova, J	3
Pelouch, V	4
Adamcova, M	3
Paulis, L	4
Vizzardi, E	1
Sciatti, E	1
Bonadei, I	1
D'Aloia, A	1
Tartière-Kesri, L	1
Tartière, JM	1
Cohen-Solal, A	1
Metra, M	1
Ayuzawa, N	1
Nagase, M	1
Ueda, K	1
Nishimoto, M	1
Kawarazaki, W	1
Marumo, T	1
Aiba, A	1
Sakurai, T	1
Shindo, T	1
Fujita, T	1
Bomback, AS	1
Grune, J	1
Benz, V	1
Brix, S	1
Salatzki, J	1
Blumrich, A	1
Höft, B	1
Klopfleisch, R	1
Foryst-Ludwig, A	1
Kolkhof, P	1
Kintscher, U	1
Liu, G	2
Wang, R	1
Hou, T	1
Chen, C	1
Zheng, S	1
Dong, Z	1
Sánchez-Más, J	1
Lax, A	1
Asensio-López, MC	1
Fernández-Del Palacio, MJ	1
Caballero, L	1
Navarro-Peñalver, M	1
Pérez-Martínez, MT	1
Gimeno-Blanes, JR	1
Pascual-Figal, DA	1
Cezar, MDM	1
Iyomasa, RM	1
Silva, MB	1
Costa, LCO	1
Campos, DHS	1
Mulder, P	1
Mellin, V	1
Favre, J	1
Vercauteren, M	1
Remy-Jouet, I	1
Monteil, C	1
Richard, V	1
Renet, S	1
Henry, JP	1
Jeng, AY	1
Webb, RL	1
Thuillez, C	1
Tsukashita, M	1
Marui, A	1
Nishina, T	1
Yoshikawa, E	1
Kanemitsu, H	1
Wang, J	1
Ikeda, T	1
Komeda, M	1
Zhang, Q	1
Naya, N	1
Imagawa, K	1
Somekawa, S	1
Kawata, H	1
Takeda, Y	1
Uemura, S	1
Kishimoto, I	1
Nakao, K	1
Ramaraj, R	2
Chong, KS	1
Dalzell, JR	1
Mark, PB	2
McDonagh, TA	1
van den Borne, SW	1
Isobe, S	1
Zandbergen, HR	1
Li, P	2
Petrov, A	1
Wong, ND	1
Fujimoto, S	1
Fujimoto, A	1
Lovhaug, D	1
Smits, JF	1
Daemen, MJ	1
Blankesteijn, WM	1
Reutelingsperger, C	1
Zannad, F	2
Narula, N	1
Vannan, MA	1
Hofstra, L	1
Narula, J	1
Stambler, BS	1
Laurita, KR	1
Shroff, SC	1
Hoeker, G	1
Martovitz, NL	1
Ford, I	1
Wagner, GS	3
Tanaka, H	1
Thanikachalam, PV	1
Yamaguchi, K	2
Tachikawa, H	2
Kodama, M	2
Aizawa, Y	2
Mullerova, M	1
Bednarova, K	1
Shafiq, MM	1
Miller, AB	1
Balmain, S	2
Rumley, A	1
Lowe, GD	1
Mori, T	1
Kurumazuka, D	1
Matsumoto, C	1
Shirakawa, H	1
Kimura, S	1
Kitada, K	1
Kobayashi, K	1
Matsuda, H	1
Hayashi, T	1
Kitaura, Y	1
Matsumura, Y	1
Kanashiro-Takeuchi, RM	1
Heidecker, B	1
Lamirault, G	1
Dharamsi, JW	1
Hare, JM	1
Murphy, GE	1
Connell, JM	2
Martin, TN	2
Udelson, JE	1
Feldman, AM	1
Greenberg, B	1
Mukherjee, R	1
Solomon, HA	1
Konstam, MA	1
Martinez, FA	1
Abuannadi, M	1
O'Keefe, JH	1
Kimura, M	1
Ogawa, H	1
Wakeyama, T	1
Takaki, A	1
Iwami, T	1
Hadano, Y	1
Mochizuki, M	1
Hiratsuka, A	1
Shimizu, A	1
Matsuzaki, M	1
Jacob, MS	1
Tang, WH	1
Kasama, S	4
Toyama, T	4
Sumino, H	3
Kumakura, H	4
Takayama, Y	4
Minami, K	2
Ichikawa, S	4
Matsumoto, N	3
Sato, Y	3
Kurabayashi, M	4
López-Andrés, N	1
Martin-Fernandez, B	1
Rossignol, P	1
Lahera, V	1
Fortuno, MA	1
Cachofeiro, V	1
Díez, J	1
Tsorlalis, IK	1
Fraser, R	1
Leopold, JA	1
Chabot, A	1
Jiang, BH	1
Shi, Y	1
Tardif, JC	1
Dupuis, J	1
Mesripour, A	1
Iyer, A	1
Brown, L	1
Milliez, P	2
Gomes, S	1
Champ-Rigot, L	1
Callebert, J	1
Samuel, JL	1
Delcayre, C	3
Talatinian, A	1
Chow, SL	1
Heywood, JT	1
Vatankulu, MA	1
Bacaksiz, A	1
Sonmez, O	1
Alihanoglu, Y	1
Koc, F	1
Demir, K	1
Gul, EE	1
Turfan, M	1
Tasal, A	1
Kayrak, M	1
Yazici, M	1
Ozdemir, K	1
Nogueira, BF	1
Roscani, MG	1
Zorzella-Pezavento, SF	1
Tanni, SE	1
Hu, LJ	1
Chen, YQ	1
Deng, SB	1
Du, JL	1
She, Q	1
Suzuki, G	1
Morita, H	1
Mishima, T	1
Sharov, VG	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
BLOCKade of Calcium Channels and Beta Adrenergic Receptors for the Treatment of Hypertension in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (BLOCK HFpEF) Trial[NCT04434664]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-01	Recruiting
Characterization of Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis and Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Cardiac MRI In Heart Failure: Implication on Early Remodeling and on the Transition to Heart Failure[NCT03084679]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Recruiting
The Effects of Eplerenone on Left Ventricular Remodelling Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction: a Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Cardiac MR-Based Study[NCT00132093]	Phase 4	100 participants	Interventional	2005-04-30	Completed
PRospectIve Study of Sacubitril/ValsarTan on MyocardIal OxygenatioN and Fibrosis in PatiEnts With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction[NCT04128891]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-01	Withdrawn (stopped due to Funding not approved)
Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT)[NCT00094302]	Phase 3	3,445 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-08-31	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Center,Study Evaluating the Effects of Eplerenone Versus Placebo on Ventricular Remodeling in Patient's With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (EF Less Than or Equal to 35%) and Mild to Moderate Heart Failure[NCT00082589]	Phase 4	250 participants	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

First incidence of aborted cardiac arrest (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

All-cause Mortality

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	0.09
Spironolactone	0.05

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Cardiovascular Mortality

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	4.6
Spironolactone	4.2

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Cardiovascular-related Hospitalization

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	3.1
Spironolactone	2.8

Hospitalization for MI, stroke or the management of heart failure, whichever occurred first (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Chloride

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	6.2
Spironolactone	5.5

Average post-baseline Chloride, taking into consideration baseline Chloride, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual. (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Composite Outcome of Cardiovascular Mortality or Cardiovascular-related Hospitalization (i.e., Hospitalization for Myocardial Infarction(MI), Stroke, or the Management of Heart Failure), Whichever Occurred First

Intervention	mEq/L (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	102.33
Spironolactone	102.26

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Composite Outcome of Cardiovascular Mortality, Aborted Cardiac Arrest, or Hospitalization for the Management of Heart Failure, Whichever Occurred First

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	7.8
Spironolactone	7.2

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Composite Outcome of Sudden Death or Aborted Cardiac Arrest, Whichever Occurred First

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	6.6
Spironolactone	5.9

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Composite Outcome of Sudden Death, Aborted Cardiac Arrest, or Hospitalization for the Management of Ventricular Tachycardia, Whichever Occurred First

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	1.1
Spironolactone	1.0

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Depression Symptoms, as Measured by Patient Health Questionnaire.

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	1.1
Spironolactone	1.0

"Average post-baseline depression, taking into consideration baseline depression, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual.~The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) is a 10-item, self-administered instrument for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression. Scores can range from 0-27, in which lower scores reflect better mental health status. The PH-Q was administered at the following study visits: baseline, month 12 and annually thereafter. Valid translations of this questionnaire were only available for subjects enrolled in the United States and Canada." (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Deterioration of Renal Function

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	5.6
Spironolactone	5.1

First incidence of a deterioration of renal function. The TOPCAT protocol defines deterioration of renal function as occurring if a subject has a serum creatinine value which is at least double the baseline value for that subject, and is also above the upper limit of normal (assumed to be 1.0 mg/dL for females and 1.2 mg/dL for males.) (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Development of Atrial Fibrillation, Among Subjects Without a History of Atrial Fibrillation at Baseline.

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	2.2
Spironolactone	3.2

First incidence of atrial fibrillation among subjects without a history of atrial fibrillation at baseline (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	1.4
Spironolactone	1.4

Average post-baseline GFR, taking into consideration baseline GFR, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual. (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Hospitalization for Any Reason

Intervention	mL/min/1.73m2 (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	67.50
Spironolactone	65.20

First incidence of a hospitalization for any reason (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Hospitalization for the Management of Heart Failure

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	20.0
Spironolactone	18.8

First incidence of a hospitalization for the management of heart failure (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Myocardial Infarction

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	4.6
Spironolactone	3.8

First incidence of myocardial infarction (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

New Onset Diabetes Mellitus, Among Subjects Without a History of Diabetes Mellitus at Baseline.

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	1.1
Spironolactone	1.2

First incidence of new onset diabetes mellitus among subjects without a history of diabetes mellitus at baseline. (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Potassium

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	0.7
Spironolactone	0.7

Average post-baseline Potassium, taking into consideration baseline Potassium, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual. (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Quality of Life, as Measured by McMaster Overall Treatment Evaluation Questionnaire.

Intervention	mEq/L (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	4.32
Spironolactone	4.49

"Average post-baseline quality of life, taking into consideration baseline quality of life and treatment group.~The McMaster Overall Treatment Evaluation questionnaire is a self-administered 3-item instrument that measures a patient's perception of change in their health-related quality of life since the start of therapy. The questionnaire consists of a single question - Since treatment started, has there been any change in your activity limitation, symptoms and/or feelings related to your heart condition? Scores can range from -7 to +7, and higher scores reflect better health status. The questionnaire was administered at the following study visits: month 4 and month 12. Valid translations of this questionnaire were only available for subjects enrolled in the United States, Canada and Argentina." (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Quality of Life, as Measured by the EuroQOL Visual Analog Scale.

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	1.2
Spironolactone	1.2

"Average post-baseline quality of life, taking into consideration baseline quality of life, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual.~The EuroQOL visual analog scale (EQ5D) is a single-item, self-administered instrument that quantifies current health status. Scores can range from 0-100, in which higher scores reflect better health status. The EQ5D was administered at the following study visits: baseline, month 4, month 12 and annually thereafter." (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Quality of Life, as Measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire.

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	65.9
Spironolactone	66.4

"Average post-baseline quality of life, taking into consideration baseline quality of life, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual.~The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) is a 23-item, self-administered instrument that quantifies physical function, symptoms (frequency, severity and recent change), social function, self-efficacy and knowledge, and quality of life. Scores are transformed to a range of 0-100, in which higher scores reflect better health status. The KCCQ was administered at the following study visits: baseline, month 4, month 12 and annually thereafter." (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Serum Creatinine

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	63.1
Spironolactone	64.4

Average post-baseline serum creatinine, taking into consideration baseline serum creatinine, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual. (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Sodium

Intervention	mg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	1.11
Spironolactone	1.17

Average post-baseline Sodium, taking into consideration baseline Sodium, treatment group, the time between the post-baseline measures, and the correlation between repeated measures within an individual. (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Stroke

Intervention	mEq/L (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	140.95
Spironolactone	140.33

First incidence of stroke (NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Total Hospitalizations (Including Repeat Hospitalizations) for the Management of Heart Failure

Intervention	Events per 100 person-years (Number)
Placebo	1.1
Spironolactone	1.0

(NCT00094302)
Timeframe: Randomization through each subject's last semi-annual visit, up to a maximum of 6 years per subject.

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

90 other studies available for spironolactone and Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular

Article	Year
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in End-Stage Renal Disease: Efficacy and Safety. Blood purification, 2016, Volume: 41, Issue:1-3 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Disease Progression; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Kidney Failure,	2016
Blocking aldosterone in heart failure. Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease, 2009, Volume: 3, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eplerenone; Fibrosis; Heart Failure;	2009
Review article: eplerenone: an underused medication? Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics, 2010, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hypertension; Hypertrophy,	2010
Aldosterone, mineralocorticoid receptor activation, and cardiovascular remodeling. Circulation, 2011, Nov-01, Volume: 124, Issue:18 Topics: Aldosterone; Heart Failure; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Receptors, Mineralocorti	2011
Expanding role of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in the treatment of heart failure. Pharmacotherapy, 2012, Volume: 32, Issue:9 Topics: Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Mineralocorticoid Receptor	2012
Additional use of an aldosterone antagonist in patients with mild to moderate chronic heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2013, Volume: 75, Issue:5 Topics: Canrenone; Chronic Disease; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist	2013
Do diuretics and aldosterone receptor antagonists improve ventricular remodeling? Journal of cardiac failure, 2002, Volume: 8, Issue:6 Suppl Topics: Diuretics; Eplerenone; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial Infarction; Spiron	2002
[Ischemic heart failure]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2003, Volume: 61, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Clinical Trials as Topic; Fib	2003
Aldosterone target organ protection by eplerenone. Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2004, Mar-31, Volume: 217, Issue:1-2 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Vessels; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Hype	2004
Aldosterone antagonism and congestive heart failure: a new look at an old therapy. Current opinion in cardiology, 2004, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enalapril; Eplerenone; Heart Fa	2004
Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist in rats with myocardial infarction. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2004, Volume: 124, Issue:2 Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Eplerenone; Mineraloc	2004
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone improves left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure and acute myocardial infarction. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2004, Volume: 124, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mineralocorticoid Recepto	2004
The clinical implications of aldosterone escape in congestive heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 2004, Volume: 6, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Endothelium, Vascular	2004
[Aldosterone antagonist therapy for chronic heart failure]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 2005, Feb-10, Volume: 94, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Chronic Disease; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Diuretics; Eplerenone; Fibrosis; Heart Failure	2005
Chronic heart failure: an overview of conventional treatment versus novel approaches. Nature clinical practice. Cardiovascular medicine, 2005, Volume: 2, Issue:12 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Apoptosis; Cardiac Glycosides; Erythropoietin; Heart Failur	2005
[Cardioprotective effect of aldosterone antagonists for ventricular remodeling]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2006, Volume: 64 Suppl 5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Mineralocorticoid	2006

Article	Year
Clinical Phenogroups in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Detailed Phenotypes, Prognosis, and Response to Spironolactone. JACC. Heart failure, 2020, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mineralocorticoid Receptor	2020
Design of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism in Diabetic Atherosclerosis (MAGMA) Trial. Clinical cardiology, 2017, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Diseases; Atherosclerosis; Clinical Protocols; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Di	2017
A randomized controlled trial of the effect of spironolactone on left ventricular mass in hemodialysis patients. Kidney international, 2019, Volume: 95, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Kidney Fai	2019
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist pre-treatment and early post-treatment to minimize reperfusion injury after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: The MINIMIZE STEMI trial. American heart journal, 2019, Volume: 211 Topics: Aged; Canrenoic Acid; Cardiac Imaging Techniques; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Magnetic Reso	2019
Tenascin-C as predictor of left ventricular remodeling and mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 2013, Volume: 61, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilat	2013
Effect of spironolactone on diastolic function and exercise capacity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the Aldo-DHF randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2013, Feb-27, Volume: 309, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Diastole; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Exercise Test; Female; Heart Failure, Diastol	2013
Galectin-3 and cardiac function in survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. Heart failure, 2013, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Eplerenone; Extracellular Matrix; Female; Galectin 3; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male	2013
Cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: baseline findings from the echocardiographic study of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial. Circulation. Heart failure, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure;	2014
Cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: baseline findings from the echocardiographic study of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial. Circulation. Heart failure, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure;	2014
Cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: baseline findings from the echocardiographic study of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial. Circulation. Heart failure, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure;	2014
Cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: baseline findings from the echocardiographic study of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial. Circulation. Heart failure, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure;	2014
Galectin-3 in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: results from the Aldo-DHF trial. European journal of heart failure, 2015, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Blood Proteins; Diuretics; Female; Galectin 3; Galectins; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle	2015
Effects of spironolactone on ventricular-arterial coupling in patients with chronic systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2015, Volume: 104, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Failure, Systolic; Heart Ventricles; Humans	2015
Plasma apelin concentration is depressed following acute myocardial infarction in man. European journal of heart failure, 2009, Volume: 11, Issue:6 Topics: Apelin; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Epl	2009
Left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: does eplerenone have an effect? American heart journal, 2009, Volume: 157, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male;	2009
Tissue plasminogen activator antigen predicts medium-term left ventricular end-systolic volume after acute myocardial infarction. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2010, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female; Humans; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases;	2010
Serum soluble ST2: a potential novel mediator in left ventricular and infarct remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2010, Jan-19, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Cohort Studies; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female; Humans; Interleukin-1 Rec	2010
Randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of aldosterone antagonism with eplerenone on ventricular remodeling in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Circulation. Heart failure, 2010, Volume: 3, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Cohort Studies; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female; Gated Blood-Pool Imaging; Heart Failu	2010
Microvascular obstruction remains a portent of adverse remodeling in optimally treated patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging, 2010, Volume: 3, Issue:4 Topics: Chi-Square Distribution; Contrast Media; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; H	2010
Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on atrial conduction and remodeling in patients with heart failure. Journal of cardiology, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; M	2011
Effects of spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular remodelling after reperfusion therapy in patients with first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2011, Volume: 97, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Angioplasty; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Collagen Type III; Double-Blind Method; Female	2011
Aldosterone and cortisol predict medium-term left ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction. European journal of heart failure, 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:12 Topics: Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Eplerenone; Fem	2011
Interleukin-21--a biomarker of importance in predicting myocardial function following acute infarction? Cytokine, 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Double-Blind Method; Eplerenone; Female; Humans; Interleukins; Male; Matrix Metall	2012
Does spironolactone have a dose-dependent effect on left ventricular remodeling in patients with preserved left ventricular function after an acute myocardial infarction? Cardiovascular therapeutics, 2013, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Chi-Square Distribution; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Echoca	2013
Effect of spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular remodeling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2003, Feb-19, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies	2003
Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial in Circulation, 2003, May-27, Volume: 107, Issue:20 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Biomarkers; Collagen; Drug Th	2003
[Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial i Journal of cardiology, 2004, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Biomarkers; Collagen; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial Infarction; Myocard	2004
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone improves left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure and acute myocardial infarction. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2004, Volume: 124, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mineralocorticoid Recepto	2004
Effect of losartan and spironolactone on left ventricular mass and heart sympathetic activity in prehypertensive obese subjects: a 16-week randomized trial. Journal of human hypertension, 2005, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Ech	2005
[Effect of spironolactone on left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi, 2005, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Revascularization; Natriuretic Peptide, Brai	2005
Effects of spironolactone during an angiotensin II receptor blocker treatment on the left ventricular mass reduction in hypertensive patients with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2006, Volume: 70, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl	2006
Aldosterone receptor antagonism induces reverse remodeling when added to angiotensin receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 50, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Double-Blind Meth	2007
Additive effects of spironolactone and candesartan on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine, 2007, Volume: 48, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Iodobenzylguanidine; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compo	2007
[Efficacy and safety of long-term application of spironolactone in patients with moderate and severe chronic heart failure receiving optimal therapy]. Kardiologiia, 2007, Volume: 47, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Echocardiography; Exercise Test; Female; Follow-Up St	2007
Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2001, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Cardiac Volume; Endomyocardial Fibrosis; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Failure	2001

Article	Year
Osteoblast MR deficiency protects against adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 2022, Volume: 167 Topics: Animals; Heart Failure; Humans; Mice; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial Infarction;	2022
Homoarginine treatment of rats improves cardiac function and remodeling in response to pressure overload. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 2022, Volume: 36, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Heart Failure; Homoarginine; Hypertension; Lisinopril; Male; Myocardium; NG	2022
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Mitigate Mitral Regurgitation-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction. Cells, 2022, 09-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17 Topics: Animals; Fibrosis; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Mitral Valve I	2022
Comparative evaluation of torasemide and spironolactone on adverse cardiac remodeling in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular therapeutics, 2017, Volume: 35, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Autoimmunity; Biomarkers; Cardiac Myosins; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Disease Models, Animal;	2017
Aldosterone stimulation mediates cardiac metabolism remodeling via Sirt1/AMPK signaling in canine model. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2019, Volume: 392, Issue:7 Topics: Aldosterone; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Apoptosis; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Heart Ven	2019
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates experimental pulmonary hypertension. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, 2013, May-15, Volume: 304, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Arterial Pressure; Body Weight; Cardiac Output; Cell Proliferation; Fibrosis;	2013
Blood pressure variability activates cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor and induces cardiac remodeling in hypertensive rats. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2013, Volume: 77, Issue:6 Topics: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Cell Nucleus; Ep	2013
Heart failure: Aldosterone antagonism for HFpEF. Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2013, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Agents; Heart Failure, Diastolic; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Anta	2013
Letter by Januzzi regarding article, "galectin-3 and cardiac function in survivors of acute myocardial infarction". Circulation. Heart failure, 2013, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Female; Galectin 3; Humans; Male; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial Infarction; Spi	2013
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Galectin-3 and Cardiac Function in Survivors of Acute Myocardial Infarction”. Circulation. Heart failure, 2013, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Female; Galectin 3; Humans; Male; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial Infarction; Spi	2013
Spironolactone enhances the beneficial effect of aliskiren on cardiac structural and electrical remodeling in TGR(mRen2)27 rats. Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2015, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Amides; Animals; Blood Pressure; Coronary Vessels; Echocardiography; Fibrosis; Fumarates; Heart; Hea	2015
Mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of spironolactone after myocardial infarction. PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:9 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Body Weights and Measures; Collagen; Echocardiogra	2013
Eplerenone attenuated cardiac steatosis, apoptosis and diastolic dysfunction in experimental type-II diabetes. Cardiovascular diabetology, 2013, Nov-21, Volume: 12 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cardiomegaly; Cell Line; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; D	2013
Aldosterone blockade reduces mortality without changing cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, 2013, Volume: 32, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Electrocardiography; Gene Expression Regulation; Hy	2013
Eplerenone-mediated regression of electrical activation delays and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, 2014, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cardiac Pacing, Artifici	2014
Atrial natriuretic peptide locally counteracts the deleterious effects of cardiomyocyte mineralocorticoid receptor activation. Circulation. Heart failure, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blotting, Western; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Connective Tissue Gr	2014
Cardiac macrophages and apoptosis after myocardial infarction: effects of central MR blockade. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2014, Oct-01, Volume: 307, Issue:7 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Eplerenone; Macrophages; Male; M	2014
Glucocorticoids activate cardiac mineralocorticoid receptors in adrenalectomized Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Nagoya journal of medical science, 2014, Volume: 76, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Blood Pressure; Collagen Type I; Collagen Type III; Corticosterone; Disease	2014
Effect of spironolactone on diastolic function in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Journal of human hypertension, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Case-Control Studies; Collagen; Diastole; Female; Humans; Hyperte	2015
Biomarkers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism, and cardiorenal remodeling. JACC. Heart failure, 2015, Volume: 3, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Galectin 3; Heart Failure; Interleukins; Male; Myocardial Infarction;	2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade prevents Western diet-induced diastolic dysfunction in female mice. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2015, May-01, Volume: 308, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Cardiomegaly; Diastole; Diet, High-Fat; Diet, Western; Dietary Sucrose; Disease Models, Ani	2015
Effects of captopril, spironolactone, and simvastatin on the cardiovascular system of non-diseased Wistar rats. International journal of cardiology, 2015, Volume: 190 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-	2015
Rac1-Mediated Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Injury. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2016, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mineralo	2016
Steroidal and Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Cause Differential Cardiac Gene Expression in Pressure Overload-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2016, Volume: 67, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Cardiomegaly; Disease Models, Animal; Eplerenone; Gene Expression; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred	2016
Spironolactone Attenuates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Cardiovascular therapeutics, 2016, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Apoptosis; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiotoxicity; Collagen; Cytoprotection;	2016
The TBX1 Transcription Factor in Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.), 2016, Volume: 69, Issue:11 Topics: Actinin; Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blotting, Western; Eplerenone; Fibrosis; Gene Expressio	2016
Effects of early aldosterone antagonism on cardiac remodeling in rats with aortic stenosis-induced pressure overload. International journal of cardiology, 2016, Nov-01, Volume: 222 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Cardiomegaly; Electrocardiography; Male; Mineralocortic	2016
Aldosterone synthase inhibition improves cardiovascular function and structure in rats with heart failure: a comparison with spironolactone. European heart journal, 2008, Volume: 29, Issue:17 Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Endothelium, Vascular; Fadrozol	2008
Spironolactone alleviates late cardiac remodeling after left ventricular restoration surgery. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 2008, Volume: 136, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Heart Aneurysm; Heart Ventricles; Hemodynamics; Lung; Male; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Anta	2008
[Misdiagnosed emergency: heart failure symptoms after infarct. Rapid aldosterone block can safe the tired heart]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2008, May-29, Volume: 150, Issue:22 Topics: Drug Administration Schedule; Emergencies; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Rece	2008
The specific mineralocorticoid receptor blocker eplerenone attenuates left ventricular remodeling in mice lacking the gene encoding guanylyl cyclase-A. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Eplerenone; Guanylate Cyclase; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; M	2008
Spironolactone alleviates late cardiac remodeling after left ventricular restoration. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 2009, Volume: 137, Issue:1 Topics: Humans; Spironolactone; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Ventricular Remodeling	2009
Role of aldosterone receptor antagonist eplerenone in aortic stenosis. American heart journal, 2009, Volume: 157, Issue:3 Topics: Aortic Valve Stenosis; Eplerenone; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Potassium; Spiron	2009
Molecular imaging for efficacy of pharmacologic intervention in myocardial remodeling. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging, 2009, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Captopri	2009
Aldosterone blockade attenuates development of an electrophysiological substrate associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmias in heart failure. Heart rhythm, 2009, Volume: 6, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Mineralocorti	2009
[Effects of various diuretics on cardiac function in rats with heart failure]. Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2009, Volume: 129, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Disease Models, Animal; Diuretics; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Hem	2009
Effect of melatonin, captopril, spironolactone and simvastatin on blood pressure and left ventricular remodelling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension, 2009, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Antioxidants; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Hypertrophy, Left Ventric	2009
Dietary salt restriction activates mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in volume-overloaded heart failure. European journal of pharmacology, 2009, Nov-25, Volume: 623, Issue:1-3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Body Weight; Cell Size; Contraindications; Diet, So	2009
Sex-specific impact of aldosterone receptor antagonism on ventricular remodeling and gene expression after myocardial infarction. Clinical and translational science, 2009, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Cluster Analysis; Eplerenone; Female; Fibrosis; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression	2009
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1: a dichotomous role in cardiac remodeling following acute myocardial infarction in man? Cytokine, 2010, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Biomarkers; Chemokine CCL2; Cohort Studies; Contrast Media; Eplerenone; Female; Humans; Magnetic Res	2010
Aldosterone inhibition and cardiovascular protection: more important than it once appeared. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2010, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Atherosclerosis; Blood Vessels; Cardiomegaly; Cardiotonic Agents; Endothelium; Heart Fa	2010
Aldosterone-receptor antagonists in heart failure: insights after EMPHASIS-HF. Current heart failure reports, 2011, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Eplerenone; Heart Failure, Systolic; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Patient Selecti	2011
A role for cardiotrophin-1 in myocardial remodeling induced by aldosterone. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2011, Volume: 301, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blotting, Western; Collagen; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal	2011
Role of aldosterone on lung structural remodelling and right ventricular function in congestive heart failure. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2011, Dec-02, Volume: 11 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cell Proliferation; Echocardiography; Heart Failure; Hypertension, Pulmonary;	2011
Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. International journal of cardiology, 2013, Jul-15, Volume: 167, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chronic Disease; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart F	2013
Mineralocorticoid receptors mediate cardiac remodelling in morphine-dependent rats. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 2012, Volume: 111, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart; Heart Ventricles; In	2012
Effects of spironolactone alone and in addition to a β-blocker on myocardial histological and electrical remodeling in chronic severe failing rat hearts. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Failure; Mal	2012
Aldosterone is not involved in the ventricular remodeling process induced by tobacco smoke exposure. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, 2012, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dietary Supplements; Echocardiography; Male; Rats; Ra	2012
Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure. Circulation, 2002, Dec-03, Volume: 106, Issue:23 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dogs; E	2002
Combined effects of enalapril and spironolactone in hamsters with dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Body Weight; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cricetinae;	2003
More hope for heart failure. Findings suggest expanded use of aldosterone-blockers. Health news (Waltham, Mass.), 2003, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Eplerenone; Heart Failure; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Recep	2003
Aldosterone blockade in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation, 2003, May-27, Volume: 107, Issue:20 Topics: Acute Disease; Catecholamines; Collagen; Eplerenone; Heart Rate; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor	2003
Potential antiapoptotic activity of aldosterone antagonists in postinfarction remodeling. Circulation, 2003, Jul-29, Volume: 108, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial	2003
Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling and neurohormonal activation by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and ACE inhibition in rats with myocardial infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2003, Nov-05, Volume: 42, Issue:9 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Blotting, Western; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy,	2003
Aldosterone antagonism and myocardial infarction: from animals to man and back. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2003, Nov-05, Volume: 42, Issue:9 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eplere	2003
Role of a selective aldosterone blocker in mice with chronic heart failure. Journal of cardiac failure, 2004, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Cardiac Output; Collagen; Disease Models, Animal;	2004
Effects of aldosterone receptor antagonist and angiotensin II type I receptor blocker on cardiac transcriptional factors and mRNA expression in rats with myocardial infarction. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2004, Volume: 68, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Collagen Type I; Collagen Ty	2004
Role of osteopontin in cardiac fibrosis and remodeling in angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2004, Volume: 43, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Apoptosis; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Cell Size; Eplerenone	2004
Effects of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy. Pharmacology, 2005, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Collagen Type III; Dose-Response Relationship	2005
Critical role of CNS effects of aldosterone in cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction in rats. Cardiovascular research, 2004, Dec-01, Volume: 64, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aldosterone; Animals; Central Nervous System; Collagen; Epinephrine; Injection	2004
Effects of eplerenone on transcriptional factors and mRNA expression related to cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2005, Volume: 91, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Blotting, Northern; Body Weight; Coronary Vessels; Echocardiography, Dopple	2005
Aldosterone receptor blockade prevents the transition to cardiac pump dysfunction induced by beta-adrenoreceptor activation. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Collagen; Echocardiography; Heart; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Lef	2005
Persistent cardiac aldosterone synthesis in angiotensin II type 1A receptor-knockout mice after myocardial infarction. Circulation, 2005, May-03, Volume: 111, Issue:17 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Mice; Mice, Knocko	2005
Effects of spironolactone and eprosartan on cardiac remodeling and angiotensin-converting enzyme isoforms in rats with experimental heart failure. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2005, Volume: 289, Issue:4 Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Animals; Arteri	2005
Additive amelioration of left ventricular remodeling and molecular alterations by combined aldosterone and angiotensin receptor blockade after myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular research, 2005, Jul-01, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Blotting, Western; Collagen Ty	2005
Prevention of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in transgenic rats deficient in brain angiotensinogen. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 2005, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensinogen; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Brain; Cell Size; Fibronectins	2005
[Implantation of an extracardiac mesh in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy: the TOLK Study (Therapevticheskoe Operativnoe Lechenie Kardiomyopatye)]. Kardiologiia, 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Di	2005
Spironolactone reduces fibrosis of dilated atria during heart failure in rats with myocardial infarction. European heart journal, 2005, Volume: 26, Issue:20 Topics: Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Fibrosis; Heart Atria; Heart Failure; Male; M	2005
Expression of procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 in the remodeling rat heart is stimulated by aldosterone. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 2006, Volume: 38, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Body Weight; Collagen Type I; Glycoproteins; Heart; In Situ Hybridization; Int	2006
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and failure in low-aldosterone hypertensive rats. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cardiac Output, Low; Cardiomegaly; Cardiotonic Agents; Coronary Vessels; Corti	2006
Cardioprotective mechanisms of eplerenone on cardiac performance and remodeling in failing rat hearts. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Cardiac Output, Low; Cardiotonic Agents; Drug Interactions; Echocardiography; Elasticity; E	2006
Eplerenone offsets cardiac and aortic adverse remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. International journal of cardiology, 2007, Jan-02, Volume: 114, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta; Enalapril; Eplerenone; Hypertension; Male; Mineralocorticoi	2007
Eplerenone prevents adverse cardiac remodelling induced by pressure overload in atrial natriuretic peptide-null mice. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2006, Volume: 33, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Eplerenone; Heart; Hy	2006
Beneficial effect of eplerenone on cardiac remodelling and electrical properties of the failing heart. Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2006, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Cell Separation; Cricetinae; Electrocardiography; Electrophysiology; Eplerenone; Heart Cond	2006
Aldosterone antagonism in an inflammatory state: evidence for myocardial protection. Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2006, Volume: 7, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Chagas Cardiomyopathy; Collagen; Cricetinae; Disease Model	2006
Combined treatment with valsartan and spironolactone prevents cardiovascular remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats. International heart journal, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Hypertensi	2006
Effects of eplerenone and salt intake on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2006, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cardiomegaly; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Echocardiography; Eplerenone; Fibrosis;	2006
Direct effects of 3 combinations of enalapril, metoprolol, and spironolactone on cardiac remodeling in dilated cardiomyopathic hamsters. Journal of cardiac failure, 2006, Volume: 12, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Cardiomyopathy, Dila	2006
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade attenuates chronic overexpression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system stimulation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and cardiac remodeling. Endocrinology, 2007, Volume: 148, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Chronic Disease; Fibrosis; Mag	2007
Spironolactone modulates expressions of cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 and prevents ventricular remodeling in post-infarct rat hearts. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2007, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2; Animals; Apoptosis; Blood Pressure; Cells, Cultured; Fi	2007
Brain mechanisms contributing to sympathetic hyperactivity and heart failure. Circulation research, 2007, Aug-03, Volume: 101, Issue:3 Topics: Angiotensinogen; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Gene Transfer Techniques; Heart Failure; In	2007
Spontaneous, L-arginine-induced and spironolactone-induced regression of protein remodeling of the left ventricle in L-NAME-induced hypertension. Physiological research, 2007, Volume: 56 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Arginine; Blood Pressure; Collagen; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Male; Mine	2007
Spironolactone differently influences remodeling of the left ventricle and aorta in L-NAME-induced hypertension. Physiological research, 2007, Volume: 56 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta; Blood Pressure; Cell Proliferation; DNA Replication; Heart	2007
[The characteristics of left ventricular myocardial remodeling in patients with chronic renal disease, and the effects of spironolactone therapy]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 2007, Volume: 85, Issue:12 Topics: Diuretics; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Kidney Failure, Ch	2007
Left ventricular dysfunction: causes, natural history, and hopes for reversal. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2000, Volume: 84 Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Captopril; Coronary Disease;	2000
Effect of a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist in myocardial infarction. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2001, Volume: 281, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Eplerenone; Fibrosis; Male; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Myocardial Infarction;	2001
Spironolactone and captopril attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodelling in rats. Pharmacological research, 2001, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Cardiomegaly; Collagen	2001
Absolute, not relative, changes are important when interpreting trial data. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2001, Volume: 38, Issue:7 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Failure; Humans; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Spironolactone; Ventric	2001
Addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2002, Jan-16, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endothelium, Vascular;	2002
Reversible cardiac fibrosis and heart failure induced by conditional expression of an antisense mRNA of the mineralocorticoid receptor in cardiomyocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2002, May-14, Volume: 99, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Complementary; Fibrosis; Gene Expression; Heart	2002