sotorasib and Pancreatic-Neoplasms

Since its discovery as the first human oncogene in 1983, the small GTPase KRAS has been a major target of cancer drug discovery. The paper reported in this issue describes a long-awaited small molecule drug candidate of the oncogenic KRAS (G12D) mutant for the treatment of currently incurable pancreatic cancer.

Topics: Alleles; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Discovery; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Mutation; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)

We conducted a single-group, phase 1-2 trial to assess the safety and efficacy of sotorasib treatment in patients with. The pooled population from phases 1 and 2 consisted of 38 patients, all of whom had metastatic disease at enrollment and had previously received chemotherapy. At baseline, patients had received a median of 2 lines (range, 1 to 8) of therapy previously. All 38 patients received sotorasib in the trial. A total of 8 patients had a centrally confirmed objective response (21%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10 to 37). The median progression-free survival was 4.0 months (95% CI, 2.8 to 5.6), and the median overall survival was 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.0 to 9.1). Treatment-related adverse events of any grade were reported in 16 patients (42%); 6 patients (16%) had grade 3 adverse events. No treatment-related adverse events were fatal or led to treatment discontinuation.. Sotorasib showed anticancer activity and had an acceptable safety profile in patients with

Topics: Administration, Oral; Humans; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Lung Neoplasms; Mutation; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Pyridines; Treatment Outcome

The KRASG12C inhibitor sotorasib was associated with a 21.1% objective response rate and an 84.2% disease control rate among patients who had already received at least one therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. These data come from the phase I/II CodeBreaK100 trial.

Topics: Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Humans; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Piperazines; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Pyridines; Pyrimidines

KRAS is the most commonly altered oncogene of the RAS family, especially the G12C mutant (KRAS

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cyclization; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Humans; Molecular Docking Simulation; Oncogenes; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Phosphorylation; Piperazines; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Signal Transduction; Structure-Activity Relationship

The HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS genes are collectively mutated in a fifth of all human cancers. These mutations render RAS GTP-bound and active, constitutively binding effector proteins to promote signaling conducive to tumorigenic growth. To further elucidate how RAS oncoproteins signal, we mined RAS interactomes for potential vulnerabilities. Here we identify EFR3A, an adapter protein for the phosphatidylinositol kinase PI4KA, to preferentially bind oncogenic KRAS. Disrupting EFR3A or PI4KA reduces phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate, phosphatidylserine, and KRAS levels at the plasma membrane, as well as oncogenic signaling and tumorigenesis, phenotypes rescued by tethering PI4KA to the plasma membrane. Finally, we show that a selective PI4KA inhibitor augments the antineoplastic activity of the KRAS

Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinogenesis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Dogs; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epithelial Cells; Female; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, SCID; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; Mutation; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; Phosphatidylserines; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); Piperazines; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Survival Analysis; Tumor Burden; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays