soman has been researched along with Absence Seizure in 186 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 27 (14.52) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 62 (33.33) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 48 (25.81) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 40 (21.51) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 9 (4.84) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Rossetti, K | 1 |
| Almanza, A; Bryant, E; Carlo, AM; Corson, BE; Gage, M; Kharate, M; Mafuta, C; Massey, N; Meyer, C; Ostrander, M; Rao, NS; Samidurai, M; Showman, L; Thippeswamy, T; Trevino, L; Vasanthi, SS; Wachter, L; Wang, C; Wohlgemuth, M | 1 |
| Bird, M; Gore, SJ; Green, AC; Lindsay, CD; Rice, H; Tattersall, JEH; Timperley, CM; Whitmore, CL | 1 |
| de Araujo Furtado, M; Kundrick, ER; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, BM; Nguyen, DA; Schultz, CR; Stone, MF; Walker, KA | 1 |
| Bohnert, S; Bouchard, M; Dunn, JF; Farrell, JS; Lee, K; Mikler, J; Teskey, GC; Vair, C | 1 |
| de Araujo Furtado, M; Kundrick, ER; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, BM; Schultz, CR; Stone, M | 1 |
| Langston, JL; Meads, KL; Myers, TM; Shih, TM; Thomas, TP | 1 |
| Cadieux, CL; de Araujo Furtado, M; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, BM; Schultz, CR; Stone, MF | 1 |
| Capacio, BR; McDonough, JH; McMonagle, JD | 1 |
| Aas, P; Mariussen, E; Myhrer, T | 1 |
| Lee, RB; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, B; Moffett, MC; Rice, MW; Rossetti, F; Stone, MF | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MFM; De Araujo Furtado, M; Figueiredo, TH | 1 |
| Cornelissen, AS; Hesseling, P; Joosen, MJA; Klaassen, SD; Lucassen, PJ; Meerhoff, GF; Vester, SM | 1 |
| Cheema, AK; Gautam, A; Getnet, D; Hammamieh, R; Hoke, A; Jett, M; Kumar, R; Lumley, LA; Rossetti, F; Schultz, CR | 1 |
| de Araujo Furtado, M; Du, F; Kundrick, E; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, B; O'Brien, S; Schultz, CR; Stone, M; Walker, K | 1 |
| Shih, TM; Thomas, TP; Wegener, A | 1 |
| Aas, P; Enger, S; Mariussen, E; Myhrer, T | 3 |
| Shih, TM; Thomas, TP | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Miller, SL; Rossetti, F | 1 |
| Almeida-Suhett, CP; Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Miller, SL; Prager, EM | 1 |
| Devorak, J; Perkins, MW; Rodriguez, A; Sciuto, AM; Wong, B | 1 |
| Płusa, T; Sokołowski, R | 1 |
| Hamelink, J; Joosen, MJA; Klaassen, SD; van den Berg, RM; Vester, SM | 1 |
| Hamilton, LR; Myers, TM; Schachter, SC | 1 |
| Aas, P; Enger, S; Myhrer, T | 8 |
| LaMont, JC; McDonough, JH; McMonagle, JD; Shih, TM; Van Shura, KE | 1 |
| Joosen, MJ; Jousma, E; Kuijpers, WC; Lucassen, PJ; Smit, AB; van den Boom, TM; van Helden, HP | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF | 1 |
| Baille, V; Beaup, C; Béracochea, D; Carpentier, P; Coutan, M; Dorandeu, F; Filliat, P; Foquin, A; Liscia, P; Pernot, F; Piérard, C; Testylier, G | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Qashu, F | 1 |
| de Araujo Furtado, M; Lichtenstein, S; Lumley, L; Sedigh-Sarvestani, M; Yourick, D; Zheng, A | 1 |
| Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A | 1 |
| McDonough, JH; O'Donnell, JC; Shih, TM | 1 |
| McDonough, JH; McMonagle, JD; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Qashu, F; Souza, AP | 2 |
| Angoa-Pérez, M; Kreipke, CW; Kuhn, DM; Lyman, M; McDonough, JH; Thomas, DM; Van Shura, KE | 1 |
| Baille, V; Campo, P; Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A; Job, A; Pouyatos, B | 1 |
| Joosen, MJ; Smit, AB; van Helden, HP | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Ferrara, TM; Figueiredo, TH; Pidoplichko, V; Qashu, F; Stevens, D | 1 |
| Aas, P; Enger, S; Jonassen, M; Myhrer, T | 1 |
| Joosen, MJ; Kuijpers, WC; van der Schans, MJ; van Dijk, CG; van Helden, HP; Wortelboer, HM | 1 |
| Doctor, BP; Jensen, N; Nambiar, MP; Oguntayo, S; Wang, Y; Wei, Y | 1 |
| Connis, N; Langston, JL; Lumley, LA; Wright, LK | 1 |
| Auta, J; Brown, A; Doctor, BP; Guiodotti, A; Jensen, N; Nambiar, MP; Oguntayo, S; Wang, Y; Wei, Y; Wood, E | 1 |
| Kelley, NR; Lee, RB; Lumley, LA; Moffett, MC; Schultz, MK; Schwartz, JE; Stone, MF; Wright, LK | 1 |
| Addis, M; Bailey, K; Chanda, S; de Araujo Furtado, M; Lumley, LA; Moffett, M; Pak, T; Robertson, BD; Rossetti, F; Shields, M; Yourick, DL | 1 |
| McDonough, JH; Shih, TM; Skovira, JW | 1 |
| Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Green, CE; Qashu, F; Swezey, R; Yang, C | 1 |
| Doctor, BP; Nambiar, MP; Oguntayo, S; Wang, Y; Wei, Y | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Clarençon, D; Demoncheaux, JP; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A; Galonnier, M; Lallement, G | 1 |
| Byers, CE; Capacio, BR; Caro, ST; McDonough, JH | 1 |
| Aas, P; Myhrer, T; Skymoen, LR | 1 |
| Bueters, TJ; Harrison, PK; Ijzerman, AP; Tattersall, JE; van Helden, HP | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Brochier, G; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; Masqueliez, C | 1 |
| Green, AC; Harrison, PK; Scott, IR; Sheridan, RD; Tattersall, JE | 1 |
| Aas, P; Andersen, JM; Myhrer, T; Nguyen, NH | 2 |
| Byers, CE; Capacio, BR; McDonough, JH; Merk, KA; Smith, JR | 1 |
| Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A; Lallement, G | 1 |
| Che, JH; Choi, EK; Ha, YC; Hur, GH; Hwang, SY; Jang, JY; Kim, DJ; Kim, J; Kim, JC; Kim, YB; Park, D; Seong, YH; Shin, S; Yon, JM | 1 |
| Fu, AL; Sun, MJ; Wang, YX | 1 |
| Cassel, G; Svensson, I; Waara, L | 1 |
| Bhagat, YA; Hamilton, MG; Kendall, EJ; Mikler, J; Obenaus, A | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Bernabé, D; Burckhart, MF; Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Four, E; Lallement, G | 1 |
| Baille, V; Brochier, G; Carpentier, P; Clarke, PG; Dorandeu, F; Four, E; Lallement, G; Verna, JM | 1 |
| Li, JX; Liu, KL; Liu, YQ; Ruan, JX; Wang, YA; Yue, YJ; Zheng, JQ; Zhou, WX | 1 |
| Go, ML; Loke, WK; Sim, MK | 1 |
| Aas, P; Enger, S; Myhrer, T; Nguyen, NH | 1 |
| Gordon, RK; Nambiar, MP; Ratcliffe, RH; Rezk, PE; Steele, KE; Tetz, LM | 1 |
| Kellar, KJ | 1 |
| Fonnum, F; Haug, KH; Myhrer, T | 1 |
| Baille, V; Carpentier, P; Delacour, C; Dhote, F; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; Peinnequin, A | 1 |
| Myhrer, T | 1 |
| Lundy, PM; Shaw, RK | 1 |
| Harrington, DG; McLeod, CG; Singer, AW | 1 |
| Cross, R; Hackley, BE; McDonough, JH; Nelson, S; Samson, F | 1 |
| Cross, R; McDonough, J; Nelson, S; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, F | 1 |
| Cross, RS; Giesler, MP; McDonough, JH; Mewes, K; Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE | 1 |
| Clement, JG; Lee, MJ | 1 |
| Ashani, Y; Catravas, GN | 1 |
| Deshpande, SS; Filbert, MG; Smith, CD | 1 |
| Dochterman, LW; McDonough, JH; Shih, TM; Smith, CD | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Bodjarian, N; Carpentier, P; Lallement, G | 2 |
| el-Etri, MM; Ennis, M; Jiang, M; Shipley, MT | 1 |
| Alkalay, D; Cohen, G; Kadar, T; Raveh, L; Sahar, R; Shapira, S | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Burckhart, MF; Carpentier, P; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I | 1 |
| Anderson, DR; Bowersox, SL; Carter, WH; Gennings, C; Harris, LW; Lennox, WJ; Solana, RP | 1 |
| Anders, JC; Anderson, DR; Bowersox, SL; Harris, LW; Lennox, WJ | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Carpentier, P; Foquin-Tarricone, A; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Piras, A | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Carpentier, P; Collet, A; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I | 3 |
| Berman, RF; Goldman, H; Hazlett, J; Murphy, S | 1 |
| Broxup, B; Clement, JG | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Carpentier, P; Delamanche, IS; Denoyer, M; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I | 1 |
| McDonough, JH; Shih, TM | 2 |
| Baille-Le Crom, V; Brochier, G; Burckhart, MF; Carpentier, P; Collombet, JM; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Rondouin, G | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; McDonough, JH; Pernot-Marino, I; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Baille-Le Crom, V; Burckhart, MF; Collombet, JM; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Rondouin, G | 1 |
| el-Etri, M; Ennis, M; Shipley, MT; Zimmer, LA | 1 |
| Ennis, M; Shipley, MT; Zimmer, LA | 1 |
| Kubek, MJ; Meyerhoff, JL; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Cassel, G; Karlsson, B; Nyberg, AG; Waara, L | 1 |
| Baille, V; Carpentier, P; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Rondouin, G | 1 |
| Belkin, M; Solberg, Y | 1 |
| Li, MG; Scremin, OU; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Anderson, DR; Baze, WB; Byers, SL; Capacio, BR; Chang, FC; Harris, LW; Lennox, WJ | 1 |
| Aubriot, S; Baubichon, D; Burckhart, MF; Lallement, G; Masqueliez, C; Veyret, J | 1 |
| Jenden, DJ; Li, MG; Scremin, OU; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Burckhart, MF; Clarençon, D; Galonnier, M; Lallement, G; Masqueliez, C; Mestries, JC; Peoc'h, M | 1 |
| Ballough, GP; Filbert, MG; Forster, JS; Phann, S | 1 |
| Brown, K; Clark, TR; Kim, S; McDonough, JH; Slone, TW; Smith, CD; Zoeffel, D | 1 |
| Ballough, GP; Cann, FJ; Filbert, MG; Forster, JS; Kling, CE; Smith, CD | 1 |
| Bouchaud, C; Carpentier, P; Foquin, A; Grange-Messent, V; Jamme, M; Lallement, G | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Burckhart, MF; Clarençon, D; Galonnier, M; Lallement, G; Peoc'h, M | 1 |
| Sun, MJ; Wang, YX | 1 |
| Barrès, C; Bataillard, A; Baubichon, D; Julien, C; Lallement, G; Létienne, R | 1 |
| Alkalay, D; Chapman, S; Cohen, G; Gilat, E; Rabinovitz, I; Raveh, L; Weissman, BA | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Carpentier, P; Clarençon, D; Galonnier, M; Lallement, G; Peoc'h, M | 1 |
| Lallement, G; Marino, IP; Testylier, G; Tonduli, LS | 1 |
| Copeland, T; McDonough, JH; McMonagle, J; Shih, TM; Zoeffel, D | 1 |
| Ballough, GP; Filbert, MG; Forster, JS; Meier, HL | 1 |
| Ballough, GP; Filbert, MG; Forster, JS; Smith, CD | 1 |
| Harris, M | 1 |
| Britt, JO; Dick, EJ; Martin, JL; Okerberg, CV | 1 |
| Little, JS | 1 |
| Carpentier, P; de Groot, DM; Foquin, A; Lallement, G; Lerner-Natoli, M; Rondouin, G | 1 |
| Bourne, JA; Fosbraey, P; Halliday, J | 1 |
| Carpentier, P; de Groot, DM; Foquin, A; Kamenka, JM; Lallement, G; Lerner-Natoli, M; Rondouin, G | 1 |
| Lallement, G; Masqueliez, C; Monmaur, P; Testylier, G; Tonduli, LS | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Foquin, A; Lallement, G | 1 |
| Bhagat, YA; Hamilton, MG; Kendall, EJ; Obenaus, A | 1 |
| Koplovitz, I; Macalalag, R; McDonough, J; Railer, R; Schons, M; Schulz, S; Shutz, M | 1 |
| Bierman, EP; Bruijnzeel, PL; Carpentier, P; de Groot, DM; Kulig, BM; Lallement, G; Melchers, BP; Philippens, IH; van Huygevoort, AH | 1 |
| Tattersall, JE; Wood, SJ | 1 |
| Cross, R; Emerson, MR; Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE | 1 |
| Lundy, PM; Magor, GF | 1 |
| Lundy, PM; Magor, G; Shaw, RK | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Collet, A; Denoyer, M; Lallement, G; Monmaur, P; Pernot-Marino, I | 1 |
| Bajgar, J | 1 |
| el-Etri, MM; Ennis, M; Nickell, WT; Shipley, MT; Skau, KA | 1 |
| Blanchet, G; Collet, A; Denoyer, M; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Séréno, D | 1 |
| Blanchet, G; Bodjarian, N; Carpentier, P; Lallement, G; Tarricone, A | 1 |
| de Groot, DM; Melchers, BP; Philippens, IH; Wolthuis, OL | 1 |
| Scremin, OU; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Muona, O; Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE; Savolainen, KM | 1 |
| Capacio, BR; Koviak, TA; Shih, TM | 1 |
| Dettbarn, WD; Gupta, RC; McLean, MJ; Wamil, AW | 1 |
| Corcoran, KD; Lukey, BJ; Solana, RP | 1 |
| Baubichon, D; Blanchet, G; Carpentier, P; Collet, A; Lallement, G; Pernot-Marino, I; Sentenac-Roumanou, H | 1 |
| Ho, IK; Hoskins, B; Lim, DK | 1 |
| Shih, TM | 1 |
| Blanchet, G; Carpentier, P; Lambrinidis, M | 1 |
| Lenz, DE; Maxwell, DM; Mills, KR; Petrali, JP | 1 |
| Churchill, L; Cross, RS; Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE | 1 |
| Blanchet, G; Bouchaud, C; Carpentier, P; Delamanche, IS; Le Bert, M | 1 |
| Anthony, A; Doebler, JA; Martin, LJ; Shih, TM; Wall, TJ | 1 |
| Clement, JG; Dyck, WR | 1 |
| Chen, J; Cheng, GF; Jiang, ZH; Wang, LP; Zhou, TC | 1 |
| Ho, IK; Hoskins, B; Liu, DD; Ueno, E | 2 |
| Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE; Savolainen, KM | 1 |
| McDonough, JH; McLeod, CG; Nipwoda, MT | 1 |
| Churchill, L; Cross, R; Giesler, M; Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE | 1 |
| Graham, JS; Jaax, NK; McLeod, CG; Singer, AW | 1 |
| Nelson, SR; Pazdernik, TL; Samson, FE; Wade, JV | 1 |
| Dulaney, MD; Fernando, JC; Ho, IK; Hoskins, B; Lim, DK; Liu, DD; Watanabe, HK | 1 |
| Flynn, CJ; Wecker, L | 1 |
| Fernando, JC; Ho, IK; Hoskins, B; Lim, DK | 1 |
| Brezenoff, HE; Hymowitz, N; McGee, J | 1 |
| Gause, EM; Geller, I; Hartmann, RJ; Leal, BZ | 1 |
| Liff, JA | 1 |
| Johnson, DD; Lowndes, HE | 1 |
| Lipp, JA | 1 |
5 review(s) available for soman and Absence Seizure
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Development of neuropathology following soman poisoning and medical countermeasures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Nerve Agents; Seizures; Soman | 2018 |
[Today's threat of use of organophosphorus compounds].
Topics: Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Sarin; Seizures; Soman | 2015 |
Neuronal structures involved in the induction and propagation of seizures caused by nerve agents: implications for medical treatment.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Chemical Terrorism; Chemical Warfare Agents; Drug Design; Humans; Neurons; Perforant Pathway; Rats; Seizures; Soman; Warfare | 2007 |
The role of excitotoxicity in organophosphorous nerve agents central poisoning.
Topics: Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Neurons; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sarin; Seizures; Soman; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
Review of the value of gacyclidine (GK-11) as adjuvant medication to conventional treatments of organophosphate poisoning: primate experiments mimicking various scenarios of military or terrorist attack by soman.
Topics: Animals; Cyclohexanes; Cyclohexenes; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Haplorhini; Humans; N-Methylaspartate; Organophosphorus Compounds; Piperidines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1999 |
181 other study(ies) available for soman and Absence Seizure
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Delayed tezampanel and caramiphen treatment but not midazolam protects against long-term neuropathology after soman exposure.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Injuries; Female; Male; Midazolam; Nerve Agents; Rats; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cytokines; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epilepsy; Gliosis; Male; Midazolam; Neuroglia; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
3-Quinuclidinyl-α-methoxydiphenylacetate: A multi-targeted ligand with antimuscarinic and antinicotinic effects designed for the treatment of anticholinesterase poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Cell Line; CHO Cells; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Diaphragm; Guinea Pigs; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Skeletal; Nerve Agents; Neurons; Nicotinic Antagonists; Seizures; Soman | 2020 |
Ketamine as adjunct to midazolam treatment following soman-induced status epilepticus reduces seizure severity, epileptogenesis, and brain pathology in plasma carboxylesterase knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carboxylesterase; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Female; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Midazolam; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 2020 |
Quantitative T
Topics: Animals; Chemical Warfare Agents; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Models, Animal; Piriform Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 2020 |
Cannabidiol reduces soman-induced lethality and seizure severity in female plasma carboxylesterase knockout mice treated with midazolam.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cannabidiol; Carboxylesterase; Electroencephalography; Female; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Midazolam; Seizures; Soman; Survival Analysis | 2021 |
Evaluation of adenosine A1 receptor agonists as neuroprotective countermeasures against Soman intoxication in rats.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Deoxyadenosines; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Organophosphate Poisoning; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Seizures; Soman | 2021 |
Novel Genetically Modified Mouse Model to Assess Soman-Induced Toxicity and Medical Countermeasure Efficacy: Human Acetylcholinesterase Knock-in Serum Carboxylesterase Knockout Mice.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain; Carboxylesterase; Chemical Warfare Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Ketamine; Medical Countermeasures; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Midazolam; Seizures; Soman | 2021 |
Anticonvulsant effectiveness of scopolamine against soman-induced seizures in African green monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chlorocebus aethiops; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Nerve Agents; Rats; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 2022 |
Age-Related Susceptibility to Epileptogenesis and Neuronal Loss in Male Fischer Rats Exposed to Soman and Treated With Medical Countermeasures.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cell Count; Chemical Warfare Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Medical Countermeasures; Neurons; Rats, Inbred F344; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus; Telemetry; Time Factors | 2018 |
Full Protection Against Soman-Induced Seizures and Brain Damage by LY293558 and Caramiphen Combination Treatment in Adult Rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Body Weight; Brain Injuries; Brain Waves; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cyclopentanes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Fluoresceins; Fourier Analysis; Isoquinolines; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Tetrazoles; Time Factors | 2018 |
Potentiation of antiseizure and neuroprotective efficacy of standard nerve agent treatment by addition of tariquidar.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Astrocytes; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cholinesterases; Diazepam; Male; Microglia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Quinolines; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2018 |
Poisoning with Soman, an Organophosphorus Nerve Agent, Alters Fecal Bacterial Biota and Urine Metabolites: a Case for Novel Signatures for Asymptomatic Nerve Agent Exposure.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Biota; Feces; Humans; Male; Nerve Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Urine | 2018 |
Soman-induced status epilepticus, epileptogenesis, and neuropathology in carboxylesterase knockout mice treated with midazolam.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carboxylesterase; Cell Count; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Electroencephalography; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Midazolam; Nerve Degeneration; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 2018 |
In Vivo Evaluation of A1 Adenosine Agonists as Novel Anticonvulsant Medical Countermeasures to Nerve Agent Intoxication in a Rat Soman Seizure Model.
Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Medical Countermeasures; Nerve Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 2019 |
Two medical therapies very effective shortly after high levels of soman poisoning in rats, but only one with universal utility.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Physostigmine; Procyclidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Capacities of metabotropic glutamate modulators in counteracting soman-induced seizures in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cyclopropanes; Drug Interactions; Glycine; Levetiracetam; Male; Oximes; Piracetam; Procyclidine; Pyridines; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Seizures; Soman | 2013 |
Stimulation of central A1 adenosine receptors suppresses seizure and neuropathology in a soman nerve agent seizure rat model.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Central Nervous System; Chemical Warfare Agents; Rats; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Seizures; Soman | 2014 |
The limitations of diazepam as a treatment for nerve agent-induced seizures and neuropathology in rats: comparison with UBP302.
Topics: Alanine; Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Diazepam; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus; Thymine | 2014 |
A rat model of nerve agent exposure applicable to the pediatric population: The anticonvulsant efficacies of atropine and GluK1 antagonists.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Isoquinolines; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Oximes; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus; Tetrazoles | 2015 |
Measurement of various respiratory dynamics parameters following acute inhalational exposure to soman vapor in conscious rats.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Biomarkers; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Fluorocarbons; Gas Poisoning; Male; Nerve Agents; Organophosphate Poisoning; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Pulmonary Edema; Pulmonary Ventilation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Mucosa; Respiratory Rate; Respiratory System; Rhinitis; Seizures; Soman; Tidal Volume; Volatilization; Weight Loss | 2015 |
Supralethal poisoning by any of the classical nerve agents is effectively counteracted by procyclidine regimens in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Body Weight; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Lethal Dose 50; Levetiracetam; Male; Nerve Agents; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Piracetam; Procyclidine; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2015 |
Increasing nerve agent treatment efficacy by P-glycoprotein inhibition.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; Atropine; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Dogs; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Male; Nerve Agents; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman; Substrate Specificity | 2016 |
Time Course, Behavioral Safety, and Protective Efficacy of Centrally Active Reversible Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Cynomolgus Macaques.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Reaction Time; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Anticonvulsant impact of lesions in the ventrolateral forebrain of rats challenged with soman.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Seizures; Soman | 2008 |
Comparison of the intramuscular, intranasal or sublingual routes of midazolam administration for the control of soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Sublingual; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Warfare Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Midazolam; Seizures; Soman | 2009 |
Long-term cognitive deficits accompanied by reduced neurogenesis after soman poisoning.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepines; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Corpus Striatum; Doublecortin Protein; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Neurogenesis; Olanzapine; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 2009 |
Soman induces ictogenesis in the amygdala and interictal activity in the hippocampus that are blocked by a GluR5 kainate receptor antagonist in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alanine; Amygdala; Animals; Calcium; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Soman; Thymine | 2009 |
Intrahippocampal cholinesterase inhibition induces epileptogenesis in mice without evidence of neurodegenerative events.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Astrocytes; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Fear; Genes, Immediate-Early; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Periodicity; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rotarod Performance Test; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2009 |
Primary brain targets of nerve agents: the role of the amygdala in comparison to the hippocampus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Chemical Warfare Agents; Hippocampus; Neurons; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 2009 |
Analyzing large data sets acquired through telemetry from rats exposed to organophosphorous compounds: an EEG study.
Topics: Algorithms; Animals; Automation; Body Temperature; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Male; Motor Activity; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Soman; Telemetry; Time Factors; User-Computer Interface; Video Recording | 2009 |
Roles of perirhinal and posterior piriform cortices in control and generation of seizures: a microinfusion study in rats exposed to soman.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; GABA Agonists; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscimol; Procyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2010 |
Hypertonic mannitol in mice poisoned by a convulsive dose of soman: antilethal activity without neuroprotection.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Male; Mannitol; Mice; Osmolar Concentration; Poisoning; Seizures; Soman | 2010 |
Changes in extracellular striatal acetylcholine and brain seizure activity following acute exposure to nerve agents in freely moving guinea pigs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Corpus Striatum; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Sarin; Seizures; Soman | 2010 |
Modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptors microinfused into perirhinal cortex: anticonvulsant effects in rats challenged with soman.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzoates; Cyclopropanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glycine; Infusion Pumps; Male; Microinjections; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Seizures; Soman; Temporal Lobe; Time Factors | 2010 |
Time-dependent reduction in the anticonvulsant effectiveness of diazepam against soman-induced seizures in guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Warfare Agents; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Pilot Projects; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2010 |
Higher susceptibility of the ventral versus the dorsal hippocampus and the posteroventral versus anterodorsal amygdala to soman-induced neuropathology.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Fluoresceins; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2010 |
Soman increases neuronal COX-2 levels: possible link between seizures and protracted neuronal damage.
Topics: Animals; Cyclooxygenase 2; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Prediction of soman-induced cerebral damage by distortion product otoacoustic emissions.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cochlea; Forecasting; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2010 |
Treatment efficacy in a soman-poisoned guinea pig model: added value of physostigmine?
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Carbamates; Chemical Warfare Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Models, Animal; Obidoxime Chloride; Parasympatholytics; Physostigmine; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
The GluK1 (GluR5) Kainate/{alpha}-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist LY293558 reduces soman-induced seizures and neuropathology.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Warfare Agents; Electroencephalography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Interneurons; Isoquinolines; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Soman; Tetrazoles | 2011 |
Neuroprotective efficacy of caramiphen against soman and mechanisms of its action.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cell Count; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cyclopentanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Soman; Synaptic Potentials | 2011 |
Enhanced efficacy of anticonvulsants when combined with levetiracetam in soman-exposed rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cyclopentanes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Lethal Dose 50; Levetiracetam; Male; Motor Activity; Muscimol; Nicotinic Antagonists; Piracetam; Procyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2011 |
Increasing oxime efficacy by blood-brain barrier modulation.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Male; Microdialysis; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2011 |
[+]-Huperzine A protects against soman toxicity in guinea pigs.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alkaloids; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Body Temperature; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman; Stereoisomerism | 2011 |
Characterizing the behavioral effects of nerve agent-induced seizure activity in rats: increased startle reactivity and perseverative behavior.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Behavior, Animal; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Conditioning, Operant; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Executive Function; Male; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex, Startle; Reinforcement, Psychology; Seizures; Sensory Gating; Soman; Telemetry | 2012 |
Neuroprotective effects of imidazenil against chemical warfare nerve agent soman toxicity in guinea pigs.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepines; Body Weight; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Imidazoles; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Seizures; Soman; Telemetry; Time Factors | 2012 |
The anticholinergic and antiglutamatergic drug caramiphen reduces seizure duration in soman-exposed rats: synergism with the benzodiazepine diazepam.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cyclopentanes; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2012 |
Combined diazepam and HDAC inhibitor treatment protects against seizures and neuronal damage caused by soman exposure.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain Waves; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cytoprotection; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Hydroxamic Acids; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors; Valproic Acid; Vorinostat | 2012 |
Neuropharmacological specificity of brain structures involved in soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Mapping; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Midazolam; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 2012 |
Determination of anti-convulsant and life-preserving capacities of three types of auto-injector therapies against soman intoxication in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Benzodiazepines; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Male; Oximes; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 2013 |
Efficacy of the GluK1/AMPA receptor antagonist LY293558 against seizures and neuropathology in a soman-exposure model without pretreatment and its pharmacokinetics after intramuscular administration.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Injections, Intramuscular; Isoquinolines; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nerve Degeneration; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Soman; Tetrazoles; Tissue Fixation | 2013 |
A combination of [+] and [-]-Huperzine A improves protection against soman toxicity compared to [+]-Huperzine A in guinea pigs.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alkaloids; Animals; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman; Stereoisomerism | 2013 |
The perirhinal cortex of rats: an intricate area for microinfusion of anticonvulsants against soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Waves; Catheters, Indwelling; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Electroencephalography; Glycine; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Micromanipulation; Procyclidine; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2013 |
Subchronic administration of pyridostigmine or huperzine to primates: compared efficacy against soman toxicity.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman | 2002 |
Pharmacokinetics of intramuscularly administered biperiden in guinea pigs challenged with soman.
Topics: Animals; Biperiden; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Seizures; Soman; Tissue Distribution | 2003 |
Pharmacological agents, hippocampal EEG, and anticonvulsant effects on soman-induced seizures in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electroencephalography; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2003 |
Partial adenosine A(1) receptor agonists inhibit sarin-induced epileptiform activity in the hippocampal slice.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Deoxyadenosines; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Male; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Sarin; Seizures; Soman; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xanthines | 2003 |
Early changes in MAP2 protein in the rat hippocampus following soman intoxication.
Topics: Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Hippocampus; Male; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures; Soman | 2003 |
A guinea pig hippocampal slice model of organophosphate-induced seizure activity.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Organophosphates; Seizures; Soman | 2004 |
Protection against soman-induced seizures in rats: relationship among doses of prophylactics, soman, and adjuncts.
Topics: Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Hippocampus; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Physostigmine; Procyclidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 2004 |
Pharmacokinetic studies of intramuscular midazolam in guinea pigs challenged with soman.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Area Under Curve; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Midazolam; Seizures; Soman; Tissue Distribution | 2004 |
Flunarizine: a possible adjuvant medication against soman poisoning?
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chemical Warfare Agents; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flunarizine; GABA Modulators; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2004 |
Soman-induced convulsions in rats terminated with pharmacological agents after 45 min: neuropathology and cognitive performance.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cognition; Discrimination, Psychological; Electroencephalography; Exploratory Behavior; Memory; Photic Stimulation; Physical Stimulation; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Smell; Soman; Survival Analysis | 2005 |
Protection by sustained release of physostigmine and procyclidine of soman poisoning in rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Capillary Permeability; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Infusion Pumps; Male; Memory; Muscarinic Antagonists; Physostigmine; Procyclidine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Time Factors | 2004 |
Naked DNA prevents soman intoxication.
Topics: Animals; Aryldialkylphosphatase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activators; Genetic Therapy; Injections, Intravenous; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Mice; Organ Specificity; Seizures; Soman; Survival Analysis; Tissue Distribution; Transfection; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Effects of HI 6, diazepam and atropine on soman-induced IL-1 beta protein in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Interleukin-1; Male; Oximes; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2005 |
Neuroprotection from soman-induced seizures in the rodent: evaluation with diffusion- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cell Death; Cyclohexanes; Cyclohexenes; Diazepam; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 2005 |
Efficacy of the ketamine-atropine combination in the delayed treatment of soman-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Ketamine; Male; Midazolam; Seizures; Soman; Statistics, Nonparametric; Status Epilepticus; Time Factors | 2005 |
Soman-induced convulsions: the neuropathology revisited.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; DNA Fragmentation; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Mice; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 | 2005 |
Anticonvulsant effects of phencynonate hydrochloride and other anticholinergic drugs in soman poisoning: neurochemical mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aza Compounds; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glycolates; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oximes; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pentylenetetrazole; Pyridinium Compounds; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2005 |
Novel neuroprotective effects with O-benzyl derivative of pralidoxime in soman-intoxicated rodents.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Acetylcholine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Benzene Derivatives; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Drug Synergism; Electroencephalography; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Mice; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Oximes; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Serotonin; Soman; Survival Rate; Time Factors | 2005 |
Efficacy of immediate and subsequent therapies against soman-induced seizures and lethality in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Brain; Diazepam; Dipeptides; Drug Combinations; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Oximes; Pentobarbital; Procyclidine; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2006 |
Anticonvulsant effects of GABA(A) modulators microinfused into area tempestas or substantia nigra in rats exposed to soman.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Chemical Warfare Agents; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; Infusion Pumps; Male; Microinjections; Muscimol; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman; Substantia Nigra | 2006 |
Development of a rat pilocarpine model of seizure/status epilepticus that mimics chemical warfare nerve agent exposure.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinergic Antagonists; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electroencephalography; Heart Rate; Lethal Dose 50; Lithium Chloride; Male; Models, Animal; Motor Activity; Muscarinic Agonists; N-Methylscopolamine; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 2006 |
Overcoming inhibitions.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atropine; Benzodiazepines; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Galantamine; Guinea Pigs; Insecticides; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Organophosphate Poisoning; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Paraoxon; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sarin; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2006 |
Pharmacological therapies against soman-induced seizures in rats 30 min following onset and anticonvulsant impact.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Ethanol; GABA Modulators; Hippocampus; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscimol; Parietal Lobe; Procyclidine; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2006 |
The combination of donepezil and procyclidine protects against soman-induced seizures in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Convulsants; Donepezil; Electroencephalography; Indans; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nootropic Agents; Piperidines; Procyclidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Seizures; Soman | 2007 |
Anticonvulsant effects of damage to structures involved in seizure induction in rats exposed to soman.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2007 |
Prolonged inflammatory gene response following soman-induced seizures in mice.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Chemical Warfare Agents; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Mice; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Soman; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factors | 2007 |
Modification of cholinergically induced convulsive activity and cyclic GMP levels in the CNS.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Central Nervous System; Cerebellum; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Clonazepam; Cyclic GMP; Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1983 |
Acute neuropathology in soman poisoned rats.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Encephalomalacia; Guinea Pigs; Male; Necrosis; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1984 |
Brain regional glucose use during Soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Chemistry; Deoxyglucose; Glucose; Kinetics; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 1983 |
Soman-induced depression of brain activity in TAB-pretreated rats: 2-deoxyglucose study.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Benactyzine; Brain; Deoxyglucose; Depression, Chemical; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oximes; Rats; Seizures; Soman; Trimedoxime | 1983 |
Soman induced changes in brain regional glucose use.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benactyzine; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Deoxyglucose; Echothiophate Iodide; Glucose; Neostigmine; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Seizures; Soman; Trimedoxime | 1984 |
Soman-induced convulsions: significance of changes in levels of blood electrolytes, gases, glucose, and insulin.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Electrolytes; Insulin; Isoniazid; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 1980 |
Seizure-induced changes in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier following administration of anticholinesterase drugs to rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Echothiophate Iodide; Kinetics; Male; Paraoxon; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 1981 |
Assessment of primary neuronal culture as a model for soman-induced neurotoxicity and effectiveness of memantine as a neuroprotective drug.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Subcutaneous; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 1995 |
Protection against nerve agent-induced neuropathology, but not cardiac pathology, is associated with the anticonvulsant action of drug treatment.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Brain; Diazepam; Heart; Male; Myocardium; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1995 |
Involvement of non-muscarinic receptors in phosphoinositide signalling during soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Chlorpheniramine; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Electroencephalography; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Ketanserin; Male; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Soman | 1995 |
Pilocarpine-induced convulsions in rats: evidence for muscarinic receptor-mediated activation of locus coeruleus and norepinephrine release in cholinolytic seizure development.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Pilocarpine; Prosencephalon; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Seizures; Serotonin; Soman | 1993 |
Sarin-induced neuropathology in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sarin; Seizures; Soman | 1995 |
Modulation of soman-induced neuropathology with an anticonvulsant regimen.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Hippocampus; Male; Olfactory Pathways; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Soman | 1994 |
Efficacy comparison of scopolamine and diazepam against soman-induced debilitation in guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Guinea Pigs; Male; Models, Statistical; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 1994 |
Efficacy of injectable anticholinergic drugs against soman-induced convulsive/subconvulsive activity.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Parasympatholytics; Random Allocation; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 1994 |
Coadministration of atropine, NBQX and TCP against soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Drug Synergism; Electroencephalography; Male; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Soman | 1994 |
Transient impairment of the gabaergic function during initiation of soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Chemistry; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Chloride Channels; Diazepam; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Microdialysis; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Seizures; Soman | 1993 |
Cerebrovascular responses to soman: time and dose dependent effects.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Capillary Permeability; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1993 |
Efficacy of diazepam and avizafone against soman-induced neuropathology in brain of rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Diazepam; Dipeptides; Molecular Structure; Prodrugs; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Self Administration; Soman; Time Factors | 1993 |
Cholinergic activation of phosphoinositide metabolism during soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Pathways; Biotransformation; Electroencephalography; Hippocampus; Inosine Triphosphate; Male; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 1993 |
Neuroprotective activity of glutamate receptor antagonists against soman-induced hippocampal damage: quantification with an omega 3 site ligand.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Benzoxazines; Brain; Brain Diseases; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Isoquinolines; Ligands; Male; Oxazines; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Soman | 1993 |
Pharmacological modulation of soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Benactyzine; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Trihexyphenidyl | 1993 |
Early regional changes of GFAP mRNA in rat hippocampus and dentate gyrus during soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Base Sequence; Dentate Gyrus; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Hippocampus; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Soman | 1995 |
The role of nitric oxide in soman-induced seizures, neuropathology, and lethality.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitroglycerin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 1996 |
Time course and regional expression of C-FOS and HSP70 in hippocampus and piriform cortex following soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Hippocampus; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 1996 |
Anatomical localization and time course of Fos expression following soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Histocytochemistry; Immunohistochemistry; Limbic System; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Staining and Labeling; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution | 1997 |
Soman-induced seizures rapidly activate astrocytes and microglia in discrete brain regions.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Convulsants; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microglia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Complement; Seizures; Soman; Staining and Labeling | 1997 |
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is markedly increased in the rat brain following soman-induced convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1997 |
Effect of pretreatment with felbamate on toxicity of soman in mice.
Topics: Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Convulsants; Drug Interactions; Felbamate; Female; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Phenylcarbamates; Propylene Glycols; Seizures; Soman | 1997 |
c-fos antisense oligonucleotide prevents delayed induction of hsp70 mRNA after soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Hippocampus; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Injections; Male; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Soman | 1997 |
Mapping of cortical metabolic activation in soman-induced convulsions in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 1997 |
Antagonism of soman-induced convulsions by midazolam, diazepam and scopolamine.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; GABA Modulators; Male; Midazolam; Muscarinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 1997 |
Efficacy of huperzine in preventing soman-induced seizures, neuropathological changes and lethality.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman | 1997 |
Mapping of cerebral metabolic activation in three models of cholinergic convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain Chemistry; Brain Mapping; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Glucose; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 1998 |
Nerve agent poisoning in primates: antilethal, anti-epileptic and neuroprotective effects of GK-11.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cyclohexanes; Cyclohexenes; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Intravenous; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperidines; Pralidoxime Compounds; Seizures; Soman; Staining and Labeling; Time Factors | 1998 |
Effects of soman-induced convulsions on phosphoinositide metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Hippocampus; Male; Norepinephrine; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Seizures; Soman | 1998 |
Neural lesions in the rat and their relationship to EEG delta activity following seizures induced by the nerve agent soman.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Convulsants; Delta Rhythm; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman | 1998 |
GM1 monosialoganglioside pretreatment protects against soman-induced seizure-related brain damage.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Damage, Chronic; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Status Epilepticus | 1998 |
Seizure-related opening of the blood-brain barrier produced by the anticholinesterase compound, soman: new ultrastructural observations.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Freeze Fracturing; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Serum Albumin; Soman; Thalamus; Tight Junctions | 1999 |
Acute soman poisoning in primates neither pretreated nor receiving immediate therapy: value of gacyclidine (GK-11) in delayed medical support.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Cyclohexanes; Cyclohexenes; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electrocardiography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Haplorhini; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Piperidines; Poisoning; Pralidoxime Compounds; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1999 |
Nitric oxide and soman poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Brain; Enzyme Inhibitors; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Seizures; Soman | 1998 |
Soman-induced hypertension in conscious rats is mediated by prolonged central muscarinic stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Atropine Derivatives; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 1999 |
The involvement of the NMDA receptor complex in the protective effect of anticholinergic drugs against soman poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cyclopentanes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Flunitrazepam; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Parasympatholytics; Protein Binding; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1999 |
Triggering of soman-induced seizures in rats: multiparametric analysis with special correlation between enzymatic, neurochemical and electrophysiological data.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regression Analysis; Seizures; Soman | 1999 |
Comparative evaluation of benzodiazepines for control of soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Chemical Warfare Agents; Convulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1999 |
Benzamide, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, is neuroprotective against soman-induced seizure-related brain damage.
Topics: Animals; Benzamides; Convulsants; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Temporal Lobe | 1999 |
Neuroprotective effects of HU-211 on brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dronabinol; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Temporal Lobe; Time Factors | 1999 |
Call for diazepam replacement.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Chemical Warfare Agents; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Military Medicine; Patient Selection; Seizures; Soman | 2000 |
Histopathologic changes in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle of rhesus macaques, ten days after exposure to soman (an organophosphorus nerve agent).
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Astrocytes; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Heart; Hippocampus; Macaca mulatta; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardium; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Seizures; Soman; Tremor | 2000 |
Efficacy of biperiden and atropine as anticonvulsant treatment for organophosphorus nerve agent intoxication.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Biperiden; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pralidoxime Compounds; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Sarin; Seizures; Soman | 2000 |
Diazepam replacement.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Chemical Warfare Agents; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Military Medicine; Seizures; Soman; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration | 2000 |
Effects of atropine sulphate on seizure activity and brain damage produced by soman in guinea-pigs: ECoG correlates of neuropathology.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Seizures; Soman | 2000 |
SCH 23390 affords protection against soman-evoked seizures in the freely moving guinea-pig: a concomitant neurochemical, electrophysiological and behavioural study.
Topics: Animals; Atropine Derivatives; Benzazepines; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Antagonists; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Microdialysis; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Seizures; Soman; Sulpiride | 2001 |
Effects of thienylphencyclidine (TCP) on seizure activity and brain damage produced by soman in guinea-pigs: ECoG correlates of neurotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Phencyclidine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 2001 |
Effects of Huperzine used as pre-treatment against soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Alkaloids; Animals; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman | 2001 |
Subchronic administration of various pretreatments of nerve agent poisoning. II. Compared efficacy against soman toxicity.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Physostigmine; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Scopolamine; Seizures; Sesquiterpenes; Soman; Time Factors | 2001 |
Magnetic resonance imaging predicts neuropathology from soman-mediated seizures in the rodent.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Hippocampus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Olfactory Pathways; Predictive Value of Tests; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Thalamus | 2001 |
Combination anticonvulsant treatment of soman-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Warfare Agents; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Seizures; Soman | 2001 |
Beneficial effects of TCP on soman intoxication in guinea pigs: seizures, brain damage and learning behaviour.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Discrimination Learning; Electroencephalography; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Phencyclidine; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Soman | 2001 |
An improved brain slice model of nerve agent-induced seizure activity.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Warfare Agents; Culture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Entorhinal Cortex; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Male; Poisoning; Seizures; Soman | 2001 |
Soman-induced seizures: limbic activity, oxidative stress and neuroprotective proteins.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Warfare Agents; Glutathione; Heat-Shock Proteins; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Heme Oxygenase-1; Iron; Male; Metallothionein; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 2001 |
Cyclic GMP concentrations in cerebellum following organophosphate administration.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 1978 |
Gamma aminobutyric acid metabolism in different areas of rat brain at the onset of soman-induced convulsions.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1978 |
Changes in hippocampal acetylcholine and glutamate extracellular levels during soman-induced seizures: influence of septal cholinoceptive cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrochemistry; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Seizures; Soman; Spectrometry, Fluorescence | 1992 |
Biological monitoring of exposure to nerve agents.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Diaphragm; Dogs; Organophosphorus Compounds; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Salivation; Sarin; Seizures; Soman | 1992 |
Brain norepinephrine reductions in soman-intoxicated rats: association with convulsions and AChE inhibition, time course, and relation to other monoamines.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dopamine; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1992 |
Influence of medial septal cholinoceptive cells on c-Fos-like proteins induced by soman.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Behavior, Animal; Histocytochemistry; Injections; Male; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Seizures; Septum Pellucidum; Soman; Tissue Distribution | 1992 |
Effects of paraldehyde on the convulsions induced by administration of soman in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Male; Paraldehyde; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Soman | 1992 |
Behavioral performance, brain histology, and EEG sequela after immediate combined atropine/diazepam treatment of soman-intoxicated rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1992 |
Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in soman-induced convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Antipyrine; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Brain Chemistry; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glucose; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1992 |
Lithium modifies convulsions and brain phosphoinositide turnover induced by organophosphates.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Chlorides; Chromatography, Gas; Drug Synergism; Inositol Phosphates; Insecticides; Isoflurophate; Lithium; Lithium Chloride; Male; Paraoxon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Involvement of the different rat hippocampal glutamatergic receptors in development of seizures induced by soman: an autoradiographic study.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Anticonvulsants for poisoning by the organophosphorus compound soman: pharmacological mechanisms.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Atropine; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Male; Oximes; Parasympatholytics; Poisoning; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of memantine against seizures produced by soman in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Male; Memantine; Mice; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1992 |
Pharmacokinetics of diazepam intramuscularly administered to rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Blood Proteins; Diazepam; Hematocrit; Injections, Intramuscular; Macaca mulatta; Male; Nordazepam; Protein Binding; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Effects of soman-induced seizures on different extracellular amino acid levels and on glutamate uptake in rat hippocampus.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Dialysis; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Male; Neuroglia; Neurons; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
[Involvement of glutamatergic system of amygdala in generalized seizures induced by soman: comparison with the hippocampus].
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Dialysis; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Trihexyphenidyl enhances physostigmine prophylaxis against soman poisoning in guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Drinking; Drug Interactions; Guinea Pigs; Kinetics; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Membrane Proteins; Physostigmine; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Reflex; Seizures; Soman; Trihexyphenidyl | 1991 |
Cholinergic actions of diazepam and atropine sulfate in soman poisoning.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Diazepam; Erythrocytes; Male; Motor Activity; Organ Specificity; Parasympathomimetics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Early dendritic changes in hippocampal pyramidal neurones (field CA1) of rats subjected to acute soman intoxication: a light microscopic study.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Hippocampus; Male; Microscopy; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Effect of an anticholinesterase compound on the ultrastructure and function of the rat blood-brain barrier: a review and experiment.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Diazepam; Hexamethonium Compounds; Horseradish Peroxidase; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1991 |
Soman- or kainic acid-induced convulsions decrease muscarinic receptors but not benzodiazepine receptors.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Diazepam; Flunitrazepam; Kainic Acid; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Muscarinic; Seizures; Soman; Tritium; Video Recording | 1990 |
Seizure-related opening of the blood-brain barrier induced by soman: possible correlation with the acute neuropathology observed in poisoned rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Proteins; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Electroencephalography; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1990 |
Effects of diazepam on soman-induced brain neuronal RNA depletion and lethality in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA; Seizures; Soman | 1985 |
Device for quantitating tremor activity in mice: antitremor activity of atropine versus soman- and oxotremorine-induced tremors.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Isometric Contraction; Male; Mice; Oxotremorine; Seizures; Soman; Transducers; Tremor | 1989 |
[Effects of anticonvulsants on the cyclic nucleotide content of the plasma and cerebellum of convulsive rats].
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebellum; Clonazepam; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Diazepam; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Scopolamine; Seizures; Soman | 1987 |
Evidence that changes in levels of cyclic nucleotides in the CNS are not related to soman-induced convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Soman-induced convulsions affect the inositol lipid signaling system: potentiation by lithium; attenuation by atropine and diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Lithium; Male; Phosphatidylinositols; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Soman | 1988 |
Evidence that alterations in gamma-aminobutyric acid and acetylcholine in rat striata and cerebella are not related to soman-induced convulsions.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1988 |
Direct microinjection of soman or VX into the amygdala produces repetitive limbic convulsions and neuropathology.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Convulsants; Male; Microinjections; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1987 |
Effects of antidotes on soman-induced brain changes.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Benactyzine; Brain; Diazepam; Glucose; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1986 |
Cardiomyopathy in Soman and Sarin intoxicated rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Heart; Male; Myocardium; Necrosis; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarin; Seizures; Soman | 1987 |
Changes in extracellular amino acids during soman- and kainic acid-induced seizures.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Extracellular Space; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Soman | 1987 |
Relationship between the neurotoxicities of Soman, Sarin and Tabun, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Corpus Striatum; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mastication; Organophosphates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarin; Seizures; Soman; Tremor | 1986 |
Concomitant increases in the levels of choline and free fatty acids in rat brain: evidence supporting the seizure-induced hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Choline; Diazepam; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Hydrolysis; Male; Phosphatidylcholines; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 1987 |
Variability of neurotoxicity of and lack of tolerance to the anticholinesterases soman and sarin in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Tolerance; Male; Nervous System; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarin; Seizures; Soman; Tremor | 1985 |
Effect of soman on schedule-controlled behavior and brain acetylcholinesterase in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Kinetics; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reinforcement, Psychology; Seizures; Soman | 1985 |
Neurobehavioral effects of repeated sublethal soman in primates.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Attention; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination, Psychological; Erythrocytes; Male; Papio; Psychomotor Performance; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1985 |
Effect of small doses of clonazepam upon soman-induced seizure activity and convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Chlorobenzenes; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electroencephalography; Female; Haplorhini; Macaca mulatta; Male; Nitro Compounds; Seizures; Soman | 1974 |
Reduction by diazepam of repetitive electrical activity and toxicity resulting from soman.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Tonus; Nerve Endings; Neuromuscular Junction; Phrenic Nerve; Rabbits; Rats; Seizures; Soman | 1974 |
Effect of benzodiazepine derivatives on soman-induced seizure activity and convulsions in the monkey.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Female; Haplorhini; Macaca; Male; Nitrazepam; Organophosphorus Compounds; Seizures; Soman; Time Factors | 1973 |