sodium-pertechnetate-tc-99m and Salivary-Gland-Calculi

Topics: Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Salivary Duct Calculi; Salivary Gland Calculi; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands; Sialadenitis; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Xerostomia

Since its introduction in 1965 salivary gland scintigraphy has been an established method to simultaneously investigate excretion function in major salivary glands. In order to elucidate parenchymal function of salivary glands, several authors described various quantitative and semiquantitative methods. However, no standardized protocol for quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy has been established so far.. Therefore, in this paper we report on a standardized and validated acquisition protocol for salivary gland scintigraphy using 99mTc-pertechnetate.. A normal data base for both parenchymal and excretion function is given in detail. In addition, the diagnostic value of salivary gland scintigraphy is reviewed in various clinical settings, such as mild parenchymal damage in beginning Sjögren's syndrome, proof of functional obstruction in sialolithiasis with and without parenchymal damage, and parenchymal damage following radioiodine treatment. In a second part, applications of salivary gland scintigraphy in current clinical research are described, and radiation protection of salivary glands in rabbits and patients treated with high doses of I-131 are discussed.. Salivary gland scintigraphy is a study that is easily performed and well tolerated by the patient. It yields quantitative parameters for parenchymal function and excretion fraction.

Topics: Animals; Gamma Cameras; Humans; Rabbits; Radiation Protection; Radionuclide Imaging; Salivary Duct Calculi; Salivary Gland Calculi; Salivary Gland Diseases; Salivary Glands; Salivation; Sjogren's Syndrome; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Topics: Adult; Aged; Deep Learning; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Middle Aged; Neural Networks, Computer; Parotid Gland; Radiopharmaceuticals; Salivary Gland Calculi; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms

To evaluate the diagnostic value of technetium 99m pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy in patients with certain salivary gland diseases.. We evaluated 47 patients: 25 with chronic obstructive parotitis, 12 with sialolithiasis, and 10 with Sjögren syndrome. All of the patients underwent preoperative (99m)Tc-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy. Patients with chronic obstructive parotitis also underwent ultrasonography, sialography, and sialoendoscopy; patients with sialolithiasis also underwent ultrasonography and computed tomography; and patients with Sjögren syndrome also underwent ultrasonography and sialography. We made comparisons between (99m)Tc-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy and the other aforementioned diagnostic tests to investigate the role of (99m)Tc-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy in diseases of the salivary glands.. In patients with chronic obstructive parotitis, (99m)Tc-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy showed reduced excretion by the affected glands, whereas uptake was nearly normal. Among patients with sialolithiasis, (99m)Tc-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy showed reduced excretion by the affected glands and decreased uptake in 5 patients. In patients with Sjögren syndrome, (99m)Tc-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy showed a decrease in both excretion and uptake by the 4 glands.. Technetium 99m pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy played a substantial role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of salivary gland diseases.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Dilatation; Endoscopy; Humans; Middle Aged; Parotitis; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Salivary Ducts; Salivary Gland Calculi; Salivary Gland Diseases; Salivary Glands; Sialography; Sjogren's Syndrome; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Therapeutic Irrigation; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography; Young Adult

Uptake of 99mTc-pertechnetate in salivary glands reflects intact salivary gland parenchyma. However, no standardized protocol for an accurate quantification of parenchymal function has been established so far.. In this paper we report on a validated acquisition protocol supplying a normal database for standardized quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy.. The major advantage of salivary gland scintigraphy, as compared to other imaging modalities, is that both parenchymal function and excretion fraction of all four major salivary glands (i.e., parotid and submandibular glands) can be simultaneously quantified with a single intravenous injection.. Quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy is demonstrated to be a suitable imaging modality for research applications in evaluating the effects of radioprotective drugs on salivary glands. Salivary gland scintigraphy is easy to perform, reproducible and well-tolerated by the patient.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Rabbits; Radiation Injuries; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Salivary Gland Calculi; Salivary Gland Diseases; Salivary Glands; Sjogren's Syndrome; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Xerostomia

This study reviews the results of sialolithectomy performed with the CO2 laser.. Forty-nine patients were treated under local anesthesia at initial presentation in the outpatient clinic.. All patients had immediate relief after surgery. Clinical and scintographic follow-up of up to 28 months on 27 patients showed that all but 1 were asymptomatic. The single exception required excision of the submandibular gland because of two recurrences of sialoliths in Wharton's duct. Although some glands had no function clinically and scintigraphically, they were asymptomatic and needed no further treatment.. Salivary glands that are nonfunctioning clinically and scintigraphically should only be removed when there is a recurrence of symptoms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia, Local; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Laser Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Parotid Diseases; Parotid Gland; Radionuclide Imaging; Recurrence; Salivary Duct Calculi; Salivary Gland Calculi; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Submandibular Gland; Submandibular Gland Diseases

Salivary gland scintigraphy using 99Tcm sodium pertechnetate and a 20-min dynamic data acquisition with a sialogogue at 10 min was employed as the primary imaging modality in sialadenitis in 32 patients. Paired asymptomatic glands within the study group were used to establish control values for a number of computer-derived functional parameters. The shape of the activity-time curve was described as: H = hyperactive, N = normal, M = median, S = sloped, F = flat, O = obstructed. Of seven patients who had ductal stones on plain films, two passed stones prior to sialography and had normal curves, whole the remaining five patients had Type O curves. Parametric evidence of gland dysfunction was identified in an additional seven symptomatic glands, six being hyperactive; histology identified an acute inflammatory infiltrate in the only excised gland in this group. Glandular hypofunction was identified in one case, in which histology revealed extensive fibrosis and glandular atrophy. Type M and S curves were found in 28 glands, 75% of which were asymptomatic. Only one gland was indicated as hypoactive by calculated parameters, and this showed a Type S curve. Scintigraphy and plain films represent the least invasive and, we feel, the most suitable primary method of investigating sialadenitis. Conventional contrast sialography may be reserved for cases with no identifiable stone but an obstructed curve. The use of functional parameters and curve morphology to determine gland dysfunction other than obstruction is non-specific, probably insensitive and is unlikely to alter clinical management. We propose an algorithm for the investigation of sialadenitis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parotitis; Radionuclide Imaging; Salivary Gland Calculi; Sialadenitis; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Submandibular Gland Diseases

Scintigraphic evaluation of 13 cases of submandibular duct sialolithiasis was performed to determine glandular function and to estimate the justification for sialoadenectomy. Twenty-two per cent of these glands showed no function despite sialolithectomy, which suggests that it would be reasonable to excise submandibular salivary glands that have no recovery of function. However, the remaining 78% of the glands showed varying degrees of recovery of function, indicating that sialolithectomy should be done first, followed by 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphic examination to determine the necessity of further sialoadenectomy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Salivary Gland Calculi; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Submandibular Gland

Thirty-two patients with salivary gland tumors or sialadenitis were studied with Tc-99m pertechnetate and Ga-67 imaging and, in some instances, sialography. The diagnostic algorithm presented allows the correct categorization of the salivary gland pathology in the vast majority of patients. The patients were studied serially with Tc-99m pertechnetate, Ga-67 and in certain situations sialography (or CT-sialography). Use of the algorithm can distinguish benign salivary tumors from malignant tumors and malignant tumors from inflammatory disease. The limitations and pitfalls of interpretation are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Salivary Gland Calculi; Salivary Gland Diseases; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands; Sialadenitis; Sialography; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, X-Ray Computed