sodium-pertechnetate-tc-99m and Lung-Neoplasms

Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis is associated with more pain and restrictions than other hand osteoarthritis due to the functional importance of the thumb. While the effectiveness of surgical and pharmacological interventions has been widely examined, there is a lack of specific evidence about conservative non-pharmacological trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis therapies. The objective of this systematic review was to provide evidence-based knowledge on the effectiveness of physiotherapy and occupational therapy on pain, function and quality of life.. A literature search of Medline, CINAHL, PEDro, OTseeker, EMB Dare Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane CENTRAL was performed. Randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials and corresponding systematic reviews, observational studies, pragmatic studies and case-control studies were included. The risk of bias was assessed.. Physical and occupational therapy-related interventions, especially multimodal interventions, seem to be effective to treat pain in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. Pre-fabricated neoprene splints and custom-made thermoplastic splints may reduce pain equally. Single interventions seem not to be effective. Significant evidence for effectiveness on function and quality of life could not be found.. The sole Na. The SUV. Genetic variants of

Topics: AC133 Antigen; Acenaphthenes; Acer; Acrosome Reaction; Adult; Agaricales; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticoagulants; Antifungal Agents; Antimanic Agents; Antioxidants; Aortic Valve; Area Under Curve; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Bacillus; Bacterial Toxins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Beauveria; Binge Drinking; Biomarkers; Bipolar Disorder; Blood Coagulation; Blotting, Western; Brachytherapy; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cell Wall; Cells, Cultured; Ceramics; Chi-Square Distribution; China; Chlorophyll; Chlorophyta; Chloroplasts; Cholesterol, HDL; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromobacterium; Clostridium perfringens; Clozapine; Constriction, Pathologic; Coronary Artery Bypass; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Stress Analysis; Designer Drugs; Diaminopimelic Acid; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA, Bacterial; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Dosage Calculations; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Elasticity Imaging Techniques; Epsilonproteobacteria; Equipment Design; Ericaceae; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; False Negative Reactions; Fatty Acids; Female; Food Analysis; Fresh Water; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glutathione; Graft Occlusion, Vascular; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Heart Ventricles; HEK293 Cells; Hemolymph; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrothermal Vents; Indoles; Inflammation Mediators; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Insecta; International Normalized Ratio; Isotope Labeling; Itraconazole; Kidney; Kinetics; Kruppel-Like Factor 4; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; Lamotrigine; Lanthanoid Series Elements; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Lung Neoplasms; Lymph Node Excision; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mediastinum; Metronidazole; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mice, Transgenic; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; Multivariate Analysis; Myocytes, Cardiac; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Neural Pathways; Nitrates; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Octamer Transcription Factor-3; Odds Ratio; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Peptidoglycan; Phantoms, Imaging; Pharmacogenetics; Pharmacogenomic Variants; Phenotype; Phospholipids; Photolysis; Photosynthesis; Phylogeny; Plant Extracts; Polychaeta; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Predictive Value of Tests; Preoperative Care; Prostatic Neoplasms; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Quorum Sensing; Radiology, Interventional; Radiopharmaceuticals; Radiotherapy Dosage; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Reference Values; Regression Analysis; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rhizosphere; Risk Factors; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; ROC Curve; Rutin; Saphenous Vein; Seawater; Selenium; Semen Preservation; Sensitivity and Specificity; Septal Nuclei; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Human; Shear Strength; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Soil Microbiology; SOXB1 Transcription Factors; Spain; Species Specificity; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Spheroids, Cellular; Spores, Fungal; Stroke; Superoxide Dismutase; Swine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Technetium Compounds; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; Temperature; Thiosulfates; Thrombosis; Thyroid Neoplasms; Transducers; Transfection; Transplantation, Heterologous; Treatment Outcome; Triazines; Tumor Burden; Urocortins; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vacuoles; Valproic Acid; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vitamin K 2; Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases; Warfarin; Water Microbiology; Young Adult

It seems somewhat difficult to exactly define the real number of case reports concerning the association of hyperfunctioning thyroid node and carcinoma; the overall incidence of this condition seems, however, to be very rare. Different inclusion criteria are probably a fairly relevant cause of variability in the number of cases reported during the years. A basic classification scheme, as the one here reported, may be of help in characterizing the different possible conditions: 1. the coexistence of carcinoma and focally hyperfunctioning tissue in the same gland but at different locations (not uncommon); 2. the presence of such a large tumour mass that it can compete with normal tissue for tracer uptake, despite being hormonogenetically uneffective in itself; 3. the carcinoma located in the hyperfunctioning adenoma; 4. the real hyperfunctioning carcinoma, where coincidence between hyperfunctioning tissue and malignancy is complete (very rare). Two cases are reported here, respectively belonging to the third and fourth of these categories (the most challenging from a diagnostic point of view). The matter is intrinsically poor from a statistical standpoint: it is therefore difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the subject in operative terms. It is however felt that the systematic evaluation of oncological risk in thyroid nodes, occasionally recommended in the literature, may be cumbersome and not necessarily cost-effective.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Adenoma; Adult; Carcinoma, Papillary; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Reoperation; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroid Nodule; Thyroidectomy

We report two cases of thyrotoxicosis resulting from hyperfunctioning lung metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer. In both patients, a simultaneous diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis and metastatic thyroid cancer was made, based on thyroid function tests as well as 131I whole-body scans showing low thyroid uptake of radioiodine and multiple foci of intense 131I uptake in the lungs. After total thyroidectomy (performed in Patient 2 only) and 131I therapy (cumulative dose of 12.3 GBq in Patient 1 and 9.6 GBq in Patient 2), there was a rapid clinical improvement with significant reduction of the pulmonary metastatic disease in both patients: Patient 1 became euthyroid, while Patient 2 became hypothyroid. Analysis of the 54 cases reported in the literature, including the 2 cases described here, shows this to be a very rare cause of thyrotoxicosis and one that can pose serious problems for both the diagnostic evaluation and choice of therapeutic strategy when compared with the much more common nonhyperfunctioning metastases from thyroid cancer. Lesser degrees of thyroid hormone secretion by differentiated thyroid cancer may be detected and exploited diagnostically by the chromatographic analysis of serum for endogenously labeled thyroid hormones after 131I administration.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Aged; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyrotoxicosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Thyroid cancer is uncommon, with an incidence of 10,300 new patients each year and a mortality of 1,100 patients each year. Patient survival correlates with many factors, including tumor pathology, age, primary lesion size, distant metastases, extent of surgery, and radioiodine therapy. Deaths from thyroid cancer may occur many years after diagnosis, and such an indolent course has hampered the analysis of the multiple treatment programs advocated. Thyroid imaging continues to play an important role in the initial detection and follow-up management of thyroid cancer, but the search for a specific tracer for the primary lesion continues. The complementary role of serum thyroglobulin and radioiodine in the follow-up of the thyroidectomized patient is discussed. Radioiodine therapy has proven effectiveness in those patients with radioiodine-avid distant metastases and/or regional metastases. Whether radioiodine ablation of residual thyroid bed activity is beneficial remains controversial.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Carcinoma, Papillary; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy

To assess the usefulness of SPECT images using (99m)Tc-Technegas (Technegas) and (133)Xe dynamic single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (Xe gas) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), as compared with pathological assessment in the detection of small-airway disease including pulmonary emphysema.. Seventeen patients with lung cancer were studied. All patients who had undergone both Technegas and Xe gas and CT prior to surgery were examined. SPECT and HRCT results were compared with the results of pathological findings. Histopathological analysis was performed in an area distant from cancer in lobectomy specimens obtained at surgery. Pathological analysis was performed in relation to bronchitis, bronchiolitis, fibrosis of the alveoli and disruption in walls of the alveoli.. Pathological abnormality (mild-to-moderate abnormal change) was seen in all 17 cases. Three patients showed low attenuation areas on CT, and abnormal patterns in SPECT images. In 11 of 14 patients who showed normal findings on CT, SPECT imaging depicted abnormal findings. The remaining three patients had no abnormal findings on CT and both SPECT imaging.. Technegas and (133)Xe SPECT imaging is useful for evaluating small-airway disease including pulmonary emphysema. Furthermore, SPECT imaging is more useful than morphological HRCT imaging in the evaluation of small-airway disease including pulmonary emphysema.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Emphysema; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Xenon Radioisotopes

The aim of the study was to provide preliminary validation of the utility of co-registered respiratory-gated ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) images in the assessment of regional lung functional impairment in patients with lung cancer.. Twenty untreated and three radiotherapy-treated patients with lung cancer underwent gated( 99m)Tc-Technegas/macroaggregated albumin (MAA) SPECT, using a triple-headed SPECT unit and a respiratory synchroniser. Gated SPECT images were obtained from 1/8 data centered at peak inspiration for each regular respiratory cycle and co-registered with tidal inspiration CT images using an automated three-dimensional registration tool.. Gated SPECT images detected 10.2% more ventilation defects (205 vs 186) and 9% more perfusion defects (218 vs 200) compared with ungated images, with a significantly higher lesion-to-normal lung contrast ( P<0.0001). Co-registered gated SPECT-CT images accurately visualised the anatomy of ventilation and/or perfusion defects associated with bronchial and/or vascular involvement by tumours, resulting in changes in surgical planning in two patients with lung cancer. In the three patients who had received radiotherapy, perfusion defects along the radiation field were identified even in the lung areas without abnormal opacities on CT images. In the operated patients, the co-registered gated SPECT-CT images allowed accurate placement of regions of interest over the lung lobes to be resected, yielding a significantly better prediction of postoperative forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) compared with that predicted without use of these images ( R=0.993 vs R=0.890; P<0.05), with an excellent inter-observer reproducibility.. Detailed functional-morphological correlation on co-registered gated SPECT-CT images contributes to accurate assessment of regional functional impairment, and may be useful for surgical planning, prediction of postoperative function and assessment of external beam radiotherapy effects in patients with lung cancer.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reproducibility of Results; Respiratory Mechanics; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Subtraction Technique; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We describe a fully automatable quantification process for the assessment of unilateral pulmonary function (UPF) by means of EIT and propose a measurement protocol for its clinical implementation. Measurements were performed at the fourth and sixth intercostal levels on a first group of ten healthy subjects (5M, 5F, ages 26-48 years) to define the proper protocol by evaluating the most common postures and ventilation modes. Several off-line processing tools were also evaluated, including the use of digital filters to extract the respiratory components from EIT time series. Comparative measures were then carried out on a second group consisting of five preoperatory patients with lung cancer (4M, IF, ages 25-77 years) scheduled for radionuclide scanning. Results show that measurements were best performed with the subject sitting down, holding his arms up and breathing spontaneously. As regards data processing, it is best to extract Fourier respiratory components. The mean of the healthy subject group leads to a left-right division of lung ventilation consistent with literature values (47% left lung, 53% right lung). The comparative study indicates a good correlation (r = 0.96) between the two techniques, with a mean difference of (-0.4+/-5.4)%, suggesting that the elimination of cardiac components from the thoracic transimpedance signal leads to a better estimation of UPF.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Electric Impedance; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Respiratory Function Tests; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Software; Tomography

False negative I accumulation in metastatic lesions of thyroid carcinoma could be due to various etiologies. Here we present a 33-year-old woman with a history of papillary thyroid cancer who had increased Tc pertechnetate activity in the mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes, which was not clearly seen on whole body I scan due to adjacent activity from lung metastases.

Topics: Adult; Biological Transport; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms; Whole Body Imaging

Possible thyroiditis was suspected in a 56-year-old man who initially presented sore throat because laboratory examinations revealed decreased serum thyroid hormone and the Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed no tracer uptake by the thyroid gland. However, subsequent examination demonstrated that the absence of pertechnetate activity in the thyroid was due to complete replacement of thyroid gland by the metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma, which was unknown at the initial presentation.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroiditis

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of any tissue-specific cancer in both men and women. Research continues to investigate novel drugs and therapies to mitigate poor treatment efficacy, but the lack of a good descriptive lung cancer animal model for preclinical drug evaluation remains an obstacle. Here we describe the development of an orthotopic lung cancer animal model which utilizes the human sodium iodide symporter gene (hNIS; SLC5A5) as an imaging reporter gene for the purpose of non-invasive, longitudinal tumor quantification. hNIS is a glycoprotein that naturally transports iodide (I-) into thyroid cells and has the ability to symport the radiotracer 99mTc-pertechnetate (99mTcO4-). A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were genetically modified with plasmid or lentiviral vectors to express hNIS. Modified cells were implanted into athymic nude mice to develop two tumor models: a subcutaneous and an orthotopic xenograft tumor model. Tumor progression was longitudinally imaged using SPECT/CT and quantified by SPECT voxel analysis. hNIS expression in lung tumors was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin staining and visual inspection of pulmonary tumors was performed. We observed that lentiviral transduction provided enhanced and stable hNIS expression in A549 cells. Furthermore, 99mTcO4- uptake and accumulation was observed within lung tumors allowing for imaging and quantification of tumor mass at two-time points. This study illustrates the development of an orthotopic lung cancer model that can be longitudinally imaged throughout the experimental timeline thus avoiding inter-animal variability and leading to a reduction in total animal numbers. Furthermore, our orthotopic lung cancer animal model is clinically relevant and the genetic modification of cells for SPECT/CT imaging can be translated to other tissue-specific tumor animal models.

Topics: A549 Cells; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Iodides; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Symporters; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Transplantation, Heterologous; Tumor Burden

We present a 75-year-old-man affected by chronic renal failure in whom metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) were incidentally discovered at TcO4 neck-thorax scan in the setting of a diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Ten years before, he had undergone near-total thyroidectomy for a multinodular goiter. Result of the pathological examination was negative for DTC. At our observation, serum thyroglobulin was high in the absence of Tg-Ab, consistent with metastatic disease. Neck ultrasonographynography was negative. The patient underwent I therapy (3700 MBq) after stimulation with recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone. Postdose whole-body scan confirmed the metastases already demonstrated by TcO4.

Topics: Aged; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Incidental Findings; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms

Preoperative accumulation of Tc-99m pertechnetate and radioiodine in metastases of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is uncommon. We report herein the case of a 39-year-old woman with occult papillary thyroid cancer revealed by widespread miliary lung metastases. Ultrasonography revealed the presence of an infracentimetric hypoechoic nodule and cervical lymph nodes. Scintigraphy, realized with Tc-99m pertechnetate and I-131 prior to thyroidectomy, failed to delineate the primary thyroid tumor, but revealed functional cervical nodes on the central and left lateral compartments, with pulmonary accumulation.

Topics: Adult; Carcinoma, Papillary; Chest Pain; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Preoperative Care; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate radiotracer-guided localization of small or ill-defined pulmonary nodules for thoracoscopic excisional biopsy.. This study consisted of two parts: a laboratory study in rats to determine the most suitable radiotracer, and a pilot study in humans to determine the feasibility of radiotracer lung nodule localization. The right lung of 12 rats was injected with a technetium 99m (Tc 99m) based radiotracer solution: 4 each with macroaggregated albumin (MAA), unfiltered sulfur colloid (SC), and pertechnetate (TcO(4)). Serial imaging was performed using a small animal gamma camera for 4 hours following injection. In 13 patients, computed tomographic (CT) guided injection of Tc 99m MAA solution was made into or adjacent to a pulmonary nodule suspicious for primary lung cancer. Gamma probe localization of the nodule was performed during subsequent thoracoscopic surgery.. In the animal model, MAA provided more precise localization than SC or TcO(4) and was selected for the human study. In the human series, all 13 patients had successful gamma probe localization of their lesion. There were no radiologic or surgical complications. Seven of 13 nodules were malignant, and five of these nodules were stage IA primary lung carcinomas.. Computed tomographic-guided radiotracer localization of small or ill-defined pulmonary nodules using Tc 99 m MAA before thoracoscopic excisional biopsy is feasible and may make excisional biopsy the preferred management strategy for the management of small pulmonary nodules in patients at high risk for malignancy.

Topics: Aged; Albumins; Animals; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule; Technetium; Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid; Thoracoscopy

A new pentadecapeptide bombesin analogue was prepared by Fmoc synthesis, purified by HPLC and identified by electron ionization mass spectrometry. The biological activity of the new peptide was tested on isolated human colonic muscle cells and compared to native bombesin. Labelling of the new biomolecule with Tc-99m yielded a single radioactive species which remained stable at room temperature for eight hours. In a binding assay, the radiolabelled peptide showed high affinity for oat-cell carcinoma (Kd = 9.8 nM) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Kd = 27.2 nM). Biodistribution studies, performed in normal rodents, indicated uptake by organs that normally express bombesin receptors, such as liver, intestines and kidneys. Scintigraphic studies, performed in nude mice transplanted with small cell lung carcinoma and colon cancer cells, showed significant tumor uptake two hours p.i. The new synthetic pentadecapeptide appears to have promise for several malignancies, including oat-cell lung carcinoma, colorectal cancer and gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tumors.

Topics: Animals; Bombesin; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Isotope Labeling; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Peptides; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Bombesin; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tissue Distribution; Tumor Cells, Cultured

A man with small-cell carcinoma of the lung underwent a Tc-99m red blood cell gastrointestinal bleeding study because he had a tarry stool. In his first-pass study, there was early filling of the radiotracer in the middle and lower portion of the inferior cava; in addition, the study revealed a distorted and distended inferior vena cava along with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Collateral circulation of the trunk was noted in the subsequent bloodpool images. A subsequent radionuclide superior vena cava study confirmed superior vena cava obstruction just above the entrance to the right atrium. Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic scans of the chest showed that the superior vena cava was compressed completely by the mediastinal tumor mass and that collateral circulation was present. Development of collateral circulation after superior vena cava obstruction in this patient allowed venous blood to return to the right atrium through the inferior vena cava. Thus, early filling of the inferior vena cava on radionuclide first-pass studies of the abdomen may serve as a sign of superior vena cava obstruction.

Topics: Adult; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Artery Bypass; Erythrocytes; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vena Cava, Inferior

In 30 patients with lung cancer undergoing non-surgical treatment, we performed perfusion lung imaging using 99mTc-MAA and inhalation lung studies using Technegas before and after treatment and evaluated regional perfusion and ventilation status in the lung regions where bronchogenic carcinoma was located. Regional ventilation status was preserved rather than perfusion counterpart (V > P) in 18 patients (18/30 = 60.0%) before treatment, while the former was better than the latter in 27 patients (27/30 = 90.0%) after treatment, indicating that regional ventilation status improved more significantly than regional perfusion counterpart after treatment (p = 0.005). We also classified the therapeutic effect for regional perfusion and ventilation status as improved, unchanged, or worsened, respectively; improvement in regional perfusion status was observed in 17 patients (56.7%) and that in regional ventilation status in 24 patients (80.0%). There was a statistically significant correlation between improved regional perfusion and ventilation status (p = 0.0018) when therapeutic effect was recognized. The patients who showed improvement in regional perfusion status after treatment always showed improved regional ventilation status, but 7 patients showed either unchanged or worsened regional perfusion status after treatment, although regional ventilation status was improved. In conclusion the pulmonary vascular beds seem more vulnerable to bronchogenic carcinoma and improvement in regional perfusion status was revealed to be more difficult than that in regional ventilation status after treatment.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Treatment Outcome; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio

Accumulation of both Tc-99m pertechnetate and radioiodine upon scintigraphy in thyroid carcinoma and/or in its metastases is a rare occurrence. In this paper we describe a patient who was taken to surgery for left lobectomy of the thyroid with follicular adenocarcinoma and who had accumulation of both I-131 and Tc-99m pertechnetate in lung metastases. The accumulation of I-131 was less than that of Tc-99m pertechnetate. The use of Tc-99m pertechnetate for imaging for diagnosis of functioning thyroid metastases is discussed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms

Accurate estimation of biodistribution and absorbed dose to normal organs and tumors is important for immunoscintigraphic studies and radioimmunotherapy treatment planning.. Four patients (3 men, 1 woman; mean age 54.8 +/- 9.2 yr; range 42-64 yr) were administered 3 mg of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-hEGF-r) antibody (ior egf/r3), radiolabeled with 99mTc activity of 39.5 +/- 1.1 mCi (range 38.5 mCi-40.7 mCi) by intravenous bolus infusion. After administration, blood and urine samples were collected from three patients up to 24 hr after injection. Whole-body anterior and posterior scans were obtained at 5 min and 1, 3, 5 and 24 hr after injection. Using a computer program, regions of interest were drawn over the heart, liver, spleen, bladder and tumor to measure the activity in the source organs at each scanning time. Time-activity curves for each source organ were then fitted to monoexponential or biexponential functions by nonlinear least squares regression using the flexible polyhedrals method, which adequately fit our data with the correlation coefficient of 0.985 +/- 0.013, and were integrated to determine organ residence times. The mean absorbed doses to the whole body and various normal organs were then estimated from residence times and from blood and urine samples using the methods developed by the Medical Internal Radiation Dose Committee. The effective dose equivalent and effective dose were calculated as prescribed in ICRP Publication Nos. 30 and 60.. Plasma disappearance curves of 99mTc-labeled anti-hEGF-r antibody were best-fit by a two-compartment model in all patients with a distribution half-life (t(1/2alpha)) of 0.207 hr +/- 0.059 hr (mean +/- s.d., n = 3) and an elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)) of 13.9 hr +/- 2.2 hr. Among the various organs, significant accumulation of the radiolabeled antibody was found in the liver (48.5% +/- 4.4%, mean +/- s.d.), heart (3.50% +/- 0.17%) and spleen (3.1% +/- 1.8%) at 5 min postadministration. These values were reduced to 3.2% +/- 0.4%, 0.1% +/- 0.01% and 0.1% +/- 0.1%, respectively, at 24 hr. Mean cumulative urinary excretion of 99mTc-labeled anti-hEGF-r antibody was 4.6% +/- 0.6% at 24 hr postinjection. Estimates of radiation absorbed dose to normal organs in rad/mCi administered (mean +/- s.d., n = 4) were: whole body 0.017 +/- 0.002; gallbladder wall 0.074 +/- 0.007; spleen 0.136 +/- 0.076; and liver 0.267 +/- 0.036. The effective dose equivalent and effective dose estimates for adults were 0.041 +/- 0.008 rem/mCi and 0.027 +/- 0.004 rem/mCi administered.. This feasibility study indicates that 99mTc-labeled anti-hEGF-r antibody (ior egf/r3) can be used safely; this analysis provides a dosimetric framework for future studies. This monoclonal antibody, labeled with 188Re, could possibly permit a successful regional radioimmunotherapy of tumors of epithelial origin.

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; ErbB Receptors; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radioimmunotherapy; Radioisotopes; Radiometry; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Radiotherapy Dosage; Rhenium; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tissue Distribution

Doxorubicin is cardiotoxic and its use must be monitored carefully. Incidence of refractory cardiac failure is shown to increase once the cumulative dose exceeds 450 mg/m2. However, significant decline of ejection fraction (EF) may occur even at lower dose levels. EF was monitored using Multigated Radionuclide Angiography (MUGA) scan of all consecutive lung cancer patients, treated with Doxorubicin based regimens. Thirteen of 82 patients showed a significant (more than 15%) decline of left ventricular EF. The dose of doxorubicin producing this decline ranged between 91-180 mg/m2. Actual decline in EF ranged between 16-45%. Only 5 of 13 patients developed symptoms attributable to the cardiac disease. Doxorubicin can alter EF significantly in lung cancer patients at levels well below which are considered 'safe'. The reason for massive decline in ejection fraction in these patients has been hypothesized.

Topics: Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Cardiac Output, Low; Doxorubicin; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Angiography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left

Radiolabeled antitumor antibodies hold promise for diagnostic imaging and therapy in oncology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics, clearances and possible differences of two dosage administrations of the 99mTc-labeled antiepidermal growth factor (EGF)-receptor antibody and to predict the best dose and schedule for future clinical evaluations of this radiopharmaceutical.. Nine patients (4 women, 5 men; mean age 46.4 +/- 14.0 yr) were administered 1-3 mg 99mTc-labeled anti-EGF-receptor antibody (a murine IgG2a isotype) by intravenous bolus infusion. After administration, blood samples were collected from 7 patients from an antecubital vein opposite to the injection side at intervals from 2 min to 24 hr after injection, and plasma samples were obtained for pharmacokinetic analysis. Appropriate plasma samples were examined for isotope clearance (i.e., microCi/ml at various intervals) and 99mTc complexation to plasma proteins by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) analysis. Urine was collected from each patient at 3 hr intervals up to 24 hr after monoclonal antibody administration to monitor 99mTc clearance. Plasma time-activity curves were fitted to a two-compartment model using nonlinear least-squares regression analysis by the method of flexible polyhedrals.. Plasma disappearance curves of 99mTc-labeled anti-EGF-receptor antibody were best fit by biexponential equation with a distribution half-life (t(1/2alpha)) of 0.137 +/- 0.076 hr (n = 7) and elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)) of 20.3 +/- 8.0 hr. Analysis of urine showed that activity clearance by this route amounted to 4.9% +/- 0.6% of the injected dose in 24 hr, and FPLC analysis showed no evidence of decomposition, only 6%-7% of 99mTc was in a low molecular weight species.. Plasma pharmacokinetics and urine clearance indicate comparability in both doses. The pharmacokinetic properties of the 99mTc-labeled anti-EGF-receptor antibody were found to be dose-independent. These findings provide an initial characterization of the radiopharmaceutical disposition in patients and may be used as the basis for calculating a better estimate of biodistribution and dosimetry for patients who will receive 188Re-labeled anti-EGF-receptor antibody (MAb ior egf/r3) injection for radioimmunotherapy and warrants further controlled clinical trials to define the efficacy of the radiopharmaceutical.

Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Chromatography, Liquid; ErbB Receptors; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radioimmunodetection; Radioimmunotherapy; Radiometry; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tissue Distribution

To produce fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) images with markers for normal organs and large blood vessels in patients with suspected lung cancer.. Dual isotope SPECT images were made using F-18 FDG- and Tc-99m-labeled autologous red cells.. FDG-positive lesions are localized in relation to major structures when they are viewed in a fused rotating three-dimensional display or in cross sections.. Tc-99m red cell and FDG fusion imaging provides relative location information for lung tumors.

Topics: Aged; Erythrocytes; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Topics: Adenolymphoma; Carcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Parotid Neoplasms; Radionuclide Imaging; Salivary Glands; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Stent implantation in malignant bronchial stenoses is a highly effective method of providing symptomatic relief by restoring bronchial patency. Whether an improvement in ventilatory conditions is paralleled by an increase in blood flow and gas exchange has not yet been determined.. Fourteen patients with malignant, high-grade obstruction of bronchi who had metal stent implantation were investigated. Before the intervention and again 8 days afterward, both quantitative technegas ventilation and 99mTc-MAA perfusion scans (V/Q scans) and lung function tests were performed.. Stent implantation was successful in all patients, with a significant reduction in the degree of bronchial stenosis (pre-stent: 93% +/- 1.5%; post-stent: 16% +/- 3.5%). After stent implantation, ventilation scintigraphy revealed an improvement in tracer deposition by 65% (pre-stent: 37% +/- 8%; post-stent: 61% +/- 6%; p < 0.05) within the affected lung. A complementary increase of 71% by perfusion scintigraphy was obtained (pre-stent: 27% +/- 4%; post-stent: 46% +/- 5%; p < 0.01%). Based on scintigraphic criteria, stenting was successful in 93% (n = 13) of all patients. Lung function studies performed after the intervention showed significant improvement in vital capacity (VC, p < 0.01), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1, p < 0.05), peak expiratory flow (PEF, p < 0.05), arterial oxygen (PaO2, p < 0.05) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2, p < 0.05) tension, and oxygen saturation (p < 0.05).. Stenting of malignant high-grade bronchial obstructions leads to an increase in bronchial patency and in activity distribution of both ventilation and perfusion scintigraphy of the affected lung, accompanied by significant improvement in lung function parameters.

Topics: Alloys; Bronchial Diseases; Constriction, Pathologic; Equipment Design; Female; Graphite; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Respiratory Function Tests; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Stents; Tantalum; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio

To help determine whether preoperative perfusion and inhalation SPECT imagings are useful in predicting postoperative lung function, Tc-99m MAA perfusion SPECT imaging, CT scans, and pulmonary function tests were prospectively performed in 33 patients with primary lung cancer before and after lobectomy or pneumonectomy. Tc-99m Technegas inhalation SPECT imaging was performed in 6 of 33 patients as well. The authors also studied changes in radioactivity on the operated and nonoperated sides before and after surgery, examined the lowest limit value for adaptability to the operation, and made a comparison of both perfusion and inhalation SPECT imaging. The predicted postoperative values obtained from the preoperative Tc-99m MAA SPECT images correlated more closely with the measured 6-month postoperative values than with the measured 3-month postoperative values. The highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.86) was observed between the predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) value and the measured 6-month postoperative FVC value. In many cases, there was not a great difference between the 6-month and 3-month radioactivity on the operated side obtained from Tc-99m MAA SPECT images. This appears to indicate that pulmonary blood flow on the operated side has completely recovered by 3 months after surgery. However, radioactivity in both the upper and lower lobes of the nonoperated side increased soon after surgery compared with that before the operation, and had not returned to preoperative levels 6 months after surgery. The radioactivity in the right middle lobe did not change before and after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graphite; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonectomy; Predictive Value of Tests; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Spirometry; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Time Factors; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio

Topics: Adult; Female; Graphite; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio

The value of immunoscintigraphy with technetium-99m (99Tcm) labelled anti-granulocyte monoclonal antibody (BW250/183) was studied prospectively in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) antibody-positive patients presenting with fever without localizing symptoms or signs. Twenty-three studies were performed in 23 patients and the results of 99Tcm-anti-granulocyte imaging were compared with the definitive microbiological or cytological diagnosis. Twenty-one patients had an infective cause of pyrexia, one patient had disseminated lymphoma and one Kaposi sarcoma. 99Tcm-anti-granulocyte antibody imaging correctly identified the sites of infection in only five (24%) patients, four of whom had infective colitis (one also had bacterial pneumonia) and one of whom had cellulitis. Sixteen foci of infection were not localized by 99Tcm-anti-granulocyte immunoscintigraphy (false-negative scans). Six of these patients had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; other diagnoses in this group included bacterial or fungal pneumonia and bacteraemia secondary to line infections. 99Tcm-anti-granulocyte antibody did not accumulate in the patients with disseminated lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma (true-negative scans). 99Tcm-anti-granulocyte imaging, therefore, appears useful in identifying extrathoracic infection in HIV-1 positive patients. Its lack of sensitivity for the identification of pulmonary infection means that its role in the investigation of HIV-1 antibody-positive patients with fever without localizing symptoms or signs is limited.

Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Bacterial Infections; False Negative Reactions; False Positive Reactions; Fever of Unknown Origin; Granulocytes; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphoma, AIDS-Related; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoses; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Prospective Studies; Radioimmunodetection; Sarcoma, Kaposi; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Virus Diseases

Although hot spots on hepatic scintigrams have been reported in association with superior and inferior vena caval obstruction, these studies were not clinically correlated, and are hampered by the poor resolution of earlier scintillation cameras. In this report, a modern scintillation camera was used to study the formation of hot spots associated with superior and inferior vena caval obstruction. Moreover, radionuclide cavography was performed in 70 patients with superior vena caval (SVC) obstruction and in 95 patients with inferior vena caval (IVC) obstruction. As a result, 13 cases of hot spots in the liver were observed. In cases of SVC obstruction, hot spots were seen in the quadrate lobe, the medial segment, and the bare area of the liver. In IVC obstruction, a hot spot was seen in the quadrate lobe in all cases. In rare instances, in cases of both SVC and IVC obstruction, a hot spot was seen in the wide area. For these hot spots to develop, it appears necessary to have systemic-portal venous blood flow through the internal thoracic vein and the paraumbilical vein.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Collateral Circulation; Female; Humans; Liver; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; Thrombosis; Vena Cava, Inferior; Vena Cava, Superior

Thyroid gland scintigraphy was performed in 29 dogs with histologically confirmed thyroid tumors. Twenty dogs were female, and 9 were male. Median age was 10 years. Of the 29 dogs, 21 were initially examined because of cervical swelling or a cervical mass. Of the 29 tumors, 24 were thyroid adenocarcinomas, 1 was a C-cell carcinoma, 3 were undifferentiated carcinomas, and 1 was a thyroid adenoma. Serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations were determined in 25 dogs. Sixteen dogs were euthyroid, 6 were hyperthyroid, and 3 were hypothyroid. In all 29 dogs, results of scintigraphy were abnormal. The most common scintigraphic appearance (13 dogs) was a unilateral thyroid mass with increased radionuclide uptake, relative to that of the parotid salivary glands. There did not appear to be an association between distribution of radionuclide uptake and histologic diagnosis, although there appeared to be an association between distribution of uptake and histologic degree of capsular invasion. All 4 dogs with extensive capsular invasion and 11 of 17 dogs with limited capsular invasion had poorly circumscribed, heterogeneous uptake of pertechnetate by the tumor. All hyperthyroid dogs had intense uptake, and 5 of 6 hyperthyroid dogs had well-circumscribed, homogenous uptake. Scintigraphy did not appear to offer any additional benefit, compared with thoracic radiography, for detection of pulmonary metastases.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Animals; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Medullary; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radionuclide Imaging; Retrospective Studies; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Carboplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Graphite; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiotherapy; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Technegas, an aerosol generator recently devised in Australia, produces aerosol particulates called 'technegas' which have characteristics of both an aerosol and a gas. The majority of the particulate is below 200 nm in size as measured by electron microscopy. Four normal subjects and 31 patients with various lung diseases were studied by imaging the lungs following inhalation of technegas. The penetration of inhaled technegas to the lung periphery was excellent; the average alveolar deposition ratio (ALDR) was 85%. Comparative studies with lung images obtained either with an ultrasonic nebulizer or jet nebulizers also confirmed better penetration of inhaled technegas to the lung periphery. There was no significant statistical difference in the ALDRs between normals and patients. Aerosol studies were comparable to perfusion counterparts, and evaluation of regional ventilatory status was greatly facilitated. Because of the large ALDR and the low airway deposition ratio (ADR), actual imaging could be done not only immediately after aerosol inhalation but also some time later without losing too much radioactivity from the lungs. One disadvantage was that technegas immediately after generation was anoxic.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and clinical usefulness of lung scintigraphy using 99mTc-technegas produced by the evaporation of pertechnetate elution at 2500 degrees C. Lung images were recorded by the gamma camera-computer system after a few deep inspirations of 99mTc-technegas. One healthy volunteer and 32 patients including 10 with lung cancer, 8 with chronic obstructive lung disease, 5 with pulmonary embolism, 2 with interstitial pneumonia, 2 with bronchiectasis and 12 with other various disease were studied. Delayed images were taken at more than 1 hour later in one healthy and 13 patients to investigate the interval changes of the intrapulmonary distribution of 99mTc-technegas. Obvious differences of radioactive distribution between early and delayed image were observed in only 2/14 cases. Penetration index (P.I.) averaged 0.81 +/- 0.11 for early images and 0.85 +/- 0.12 for delayed image. There was no significant difference between P.I. for early and delayed images. More than 97 MBq of 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) were required to obtain the adequate perfusion images after the acquisition of lung images with about 37 MBq of 99mTc-technegas. Bronchial deposits of 99mTc-technegas were shown in 12/33 cases and pathological defects in 26/32 patients (81.3%). Twenty three of 33 cases also had a perfusion scintigraphy with 99mTc-MAA. Ventilation perfusion mismatches were presented in 5/5 patients with pulmonary embolism and 1/10 patients with lung cancer. The safety was confirmed in all cases and clinical usefulness in 30/32 patients (94%). In conclusion, the safety and clinical usefulness of lung scintigraphy with 99mTc-technegas were proven in this study.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

The initial study reports the characteristic performance using lung segmental phantom filled in Tc-99m-pertechnetate. To evaluate the segmental defect in lung perfusion scintigraphy, we applied Bull's-eye analysis in addition to planar image set. Bull's-eye analysis especially facilitated the interpretation in both middle and lower lobes. Subsequently, to evaluate clinical application of Bull's-eye analysis, pulmonary scintigraphy was performed on 10 normal subjects and 60 patients with several pulmonary diseases. Of interest, Bull's-eye analysis, however, encouraged the interpretation in both lower lobes. To calculate the extension and severity of perfusion defect, the present study describes Bull's-eye analysis. Quantitative scoring showed higher in the patients with lung cancer than in those with pulmonary tuberculosis. The present study focus that Bull's-eye analysis can be useful of evaluation for perfusion in the patients with pulmonary a couple of diseases.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Structural; Pulmonary Circulation; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Evaporation of 99mTc-pertechnetate at about 2500 degrees C on a carbon surface generates an ultrafine aerosol of labelled carbon clusters. Its particle size of about 2-5 nm enables the aerosol to behave similarly to a gas regarding the ability of penetration. After inhalation, the radioactive particles adhere to the walls of the respiratory bronchioli and alveoli. The high concentration of the radioactivity in the argon carrier gas makes it possible to record a scintigram after a single deep breath. We studied four healthy volunteers and 79 patients including 34 with a tentative diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, 20 with bronchus carcinoma, and 15 with various other lung diseases. Ten of these patients were infants, the youngest being nine months old. All patients also had a perfusion scintigraphy.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; Bronchitis; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Female; Humans; Infant; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Embolism; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Computerized emission tomography of the brain is an atraumatic and highly informative technique for diagnosis of metastatic brain tumours. The above method is of major practical significance as a primary test in diagnosing metastases in the brain in cases of clinical neurological symptom complex.

Topics: Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The purpose of this study was to determine what effect further improvement in an Anger camera's intrinsic resolution has on lesion detection. We studied 52 patients undergoing bone imaging and 58 undergoing liver imaging. All patients had images performed in rapid sequence on ZLC -75 and ZLC -37 Anger cameras, both by Siemens. The two imaging systems are virtually identical except for the number of photomultiplier tubes and crystal thickness; these resulted in differences in intrinsic resolution ( ZLC -75 less than 3.8 mm FWHM at 140 keV, ZLC -37 less than 4.9 mm) and sensitivity ( ZLC -75 approximately 0.91 of ZLC -37 at 140 keV). Observer performance, measured by ROC curves, for detection of abnormalities was virtually identical with the two instruments. Subjectively, there was a trend toward preference of the ZLC -75 images, but this was not associated with any significant improvement in lesion detectability even in the subgroup in which a preference for one or the other instrument was noted.

Topics: Bone and Bones; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Image Enhancement; Liver; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Sulfur; Technetium; Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid

Conventional antibodies against prostatic acid phosphatase, labeled with iodine-131, have been administered to patients with prostatic carcinoma for the external scintigraphic imaging of tumors containing prostatic acid phosphatase (radioimmunodetection). The method has been found to be safe and reliable for imaging of primary tumors and non-bone metastases, even differentiating between lung tumors of prostatic and pulmonary origin.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antibodies; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Goats; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Isotope Labeling; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rabbits; Radionuclide Imaging; Serum Albumin; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin

Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium; Vena Cava, Superior