sodium-pertechnetate-tc-99m and Cerebrovascular-Disorders

A distinctive feature of cerebral blood circulation in patients with chronic non-specific lung diseases (CNLD) complicated with chronic pulmonary heart (CPH) is a pronounced disturbance of cerebral venous drainage without a reliable reduction of both cerebral circulation and blood flow in common carotid arteries. Correlation between the degree of venous drainage disturbance and an extent of CNLD was found. Atherosclerotic damage of major arteries of the head in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and CNLD was less marked. A comparative comprehensive study of the state of cerebral circulation was performed in two groups of patients. Predominance of the disturbance of venous outflow was found in the patients with IS and CNLD. The volumetric blood flow reduction prevailed in a group of patients with IS due to carotid occlusion. There was no significant difference in local cerebral circulation between the two groups. Obviously the disturbance of venous outflow causes the decrease of cerebral blood circulation in patients with CNLD, therefore "venous stroke" is possible in some patients with CNLD. Poor prognosis of IS in patients with CNLD and CPH is registered. It is stated that venous drainage disturbance and volumetric blood flow reduction in common carotids are main factors affecting progress and outcome of IS.

Topics: Aged; Asthma; Brain; Carotid Artery, Common; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Respiratory Function Tests; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Comparative data of transcranial ultrasonic dopplerography (170 patients) and radionuclide antroscintigraphy (124), received during diagnostics of defeats of venous collectors of brain are analyzed. Five variants of defeats of venous collectors (cross, sigmoid, internal of jugular vein), but also unpaired sine (direct, confluent) are described. Received results permit to reveal interrelation of infringements of venous outflow and increase of intracranial pressure.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Injuries; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chronic Disease; Cranial Sinuses; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pseudotumor Cerebri; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial

A review of hospital admissions during 80 months revealed only 8 patients with episodes of priapism of approximately 400 pediatric male patients with sickle cell disease. The patients, who ranged in age from 5 to 19 years, underwent a 99mtechnetium penile scan, and 4 had a low and 4 had a high flow scan. Three cases resolved with hydration alone. Five patients received exchange transfusion of whom 3 subsequently underwent shunt procedures. One patient with a 5-year history of recurrent stuttering episodes was placed on transfusion therapy for 6 months and stuttering episodes have not recurred. One patient had a cerebrovascular accident 1 day after hospital discharge and another had priapism while on chronic transfusion therapy for a cerebrovascular accident. Each postpubertal patient had a severe clinical course; 1 had temporary impotence for 3 months and another had impotence at 2 weeks but was lost to followup. While 99mtechnetium penile scans may help clarify the severity of vascular stagnation, in our small group they were not helpful in predicting clinical course.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; Priapism; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

The authors proposed and tried a method of complex treatment cerebral venous dystonias (hypertensive type) including along with traditional drug treatment also intranasal administration of novodrin and electrostimulation of the mastoid zone of the scalp. Of 36 patients with clinical disorders of the venous cerebral circulation (hypertensive type evaluated rheoencephalographically) after closed head injuries 24 patients showed a recovery or significant improvement, 10--an improvement and 2--remained unchanged.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain; Cerebral Veins; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plethysmography, Impedance; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

A method of assessing relative changes in the head blood content under the influence of medicines is described. The method is based on an analysis of deviations of the equilibrium part of the radioactivity curve recorded with the aid of gamma-scintigraphy and injection in the form of bolus of the radiopharmaceutical agent 99mTc-pertechnetate to the ulnar vein. Changes in the blood content under the influence of nitroglycerin, duzodril, adalate and cavinton were examined in 37 patients suffering from dyscirculatory encephalopathy.

Topics: Aged; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Gamma Cameras; Humans; Hypertension; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Time Factors; Vasodilator Agents; Vasomotor System

Topics: Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Encephaloangioscintigraphy performed in 30 patients with a closed craniocerebral trauma has shown simultaneous inhibition of the venous cerebral blood flow both in the vascular regions of the cerebral hemispheres and in the lateral sinuses indicating the common pathogenesis of disorders of the venous circulation in these parts of the circulatory bed. The most informative characteristic feature of the venous outflow is a period of RP half-life, determined on a radiocirculogram of the brain. The diagnostic efficacy of the above method in the detection of disorders of the venous circulation of the brain in some vascular regions provides an opportunity for a purpose-oriented use of adequate methods of reflexotherapy.

Topics: Adult; Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Veins; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Time Factors; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Wounds, Nonpenetrating

The cerebral blood flow time (CBFT) was examined in 100 patients with brain circulatory disorders with the aid of radiocirculography (RCG). Use was made of 99mCc-pertechnetate (37 MBq) and a two-channel "Gamma" radiograph manufactured in the Hungarian Republic. The rate of film movement amounts to 160 mm/min at the time constant 10. The time of 5.5-7.5 s is assumed as normal CBFT. On recording the arterial and venous phases one can see different alterations in RCG, which primarily manifest themselves in the form of cerebral blood flow deceleration (ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, cerebral atherosclerosis, brain tumors) and in the shortening of the CBFT in patients with arteriovenous aneurysms.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain; Carotid Arteries; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebral Veins; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

The paper is concerned with the results of single-photon emission tomography and gamma-topography in patients with cerebral tumors, cerebral circulatory disorders and pathology of the liquor system. Tomographic investigation was shown to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the detection of cerebral tumors. Single-photon emission computerized gamma-tomography (SPECT) permitted the detection of structural and morphological cerebral changes in disturbed cerebral circulation of various etiology. SPECT together with computerized tomography and radionuclide cisternography was shown to be an auxiliary method for visualization of the cerebral cisterns. Radionuclide tomographic images as compared to gamma-topographic findings of the brain possessed a high statistical significance and good resolution.

Topics: Adult; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Organotechnetium Compounds; Oximes; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Topics: Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epilepsy; Humans; Organometallic Compounds; Oximes; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; Tomography, Emission-Computed

The results of an evaluation of the perfusion scintigraphy findings of 350 hospitalised neurological patients and 55 more strictly selected neurosurgical patients with cerebrovascular complaints, revealed an accuraty of 83%, a sensitivity of 89%, and a specificity of 83%. The selection of the patients had no influence on the results as a whole. Compared with contrast-medium angiography, incorrect diagnosis must be expected in 17% of the cases. This includes erroneous negative findings in 10% of the cases. Grounds for misinterpretations are suggested, and the biological and methodological limitations of the method are set forth.

Topics: Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Radionuclide Angiography; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Brain Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Encephalitis; Humans; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Xenon Radioisotopes

We compared a prototype long-bore (LB) high-resolution collimator with a low-energy, general-purpose collimator (LEGP) using 99mTc and 123I. The LB collimator provided a 56% improvement in tomographic resolution (autocorrelation width) over the LEGP for 99mTc; for 123I, the gain was 79%, providing substantially improved contrast for small structures. The sensitivity of the LB collimator, however, is only 32% of that of the LEGP. The imaging tasks to be performed on [123I]IMP brain scans involve localization and discrimination of small, high-contrast brain structures and detection of abnormalities in shape, size, or uptake, rather than simple detection of lesions. Observer performance in such higher-order imaging tasks is known to depend on high spatial resolution, even at the cost of sensitivity. Patient studies confirmed that, for resolution-limited tasks, the increase in resolution outweighs the increased noise due to a loss in sensitivity. When the tomographic resolution of the LB collimator was degraded by smoothing to that of the LEGP, the noise in the LB images was lower than that of the LEGP by a factor of 2.9 for the same imaging time, demonstrating the advantage of high-resolution detectors and a smooth reconstruction filter over low-resolution detectors without smoothing. Therefore, collimators designed for high resolution, even at substantial cost in sensitivity, are expected to yield significant improvements for brain SPECT. Geometric calculations show that commercially available low-energy, high-resolution cast collimators promise to meet these requirements.

Topics: Amphetamines; Brain; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Multiple Sclerosis; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, Emission-Computed

A simple, inexpensive method for measuring the cerebral circulation time (CCT) was developed. The CCT was considered to be equal to the time that an intravenously injected bolus of sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m took to go from the subclavian artery to the posterior venous confluence. The dilution curves were externally recorded at these two vessels. Particular attention was given to the curve treatment. The computer programmes were specially conceived in order to detect and, if possible, correct the experimental curve defects. Several reliability criteria were also defined in order to test the validity of each measurement. From a physiological point of view, the CCT is equal to the ratio of the global cerebral blood volume to the global cerebral blood flow. Thus, it can be widely applied in clinical research. For example, in a study of the relationship between CCT and age, sex and light cerebrovascular impairment, the technique was sensitive enough to discriminate between healthy subjects and patients suffering from-transient ischemic attack, or regressive stroke, and to show the action of a drug on the cerebral circulation in such patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radioisotope Dilution Technique; Radionuclide Imaging; Reference Values; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Topics: Adult; Aged; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glioma; Humans; Male; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Dynamic cerebral scintigraphy is a widely used, non-invasive procedure for the diagnosis of haemodynamic changes in the supra-aortic arterial territory. Eighty examinations have been carried out using a new method, which depends on demonstrating the time of arrival of the bolus within certain parameters. A definite advantage of the simultaneous demonstration of flow in various vascular territories is the fact that it is easily and rapidly perceived and that it is readily interpreted without depending on the subjective judgement of the operator. In addition, it is unnecessary to measure regions of interest.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carotid Artery Diseases; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Subclavian Steal Syndrome

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Brain scintigraphy with Tc99-pertechnetate (Tc99-scan) was performed 4 times in 95 consecutive stroke patients: on average 5 days, 18 days, 103 days and 194 days after the stroke. The type (infarct, hematoma), size and localisation of the lesion was evaluated by CT-scan performed 3 times in all: on average 3 days, 18 days and 207 days after the stroke. The detection rate of Tc99-scan was 31% on day 5, 47% on day 18, 18% on day 103 and 9% on day 194. The detection rate was however highly dependent upon: (i) the localisation of the lesion, i.e. superficially localised lesions were nearly always identified (90%) while infarcts localised deep in the hemisphere were identified in only 20% of the patients; (ii) the size of the lesion, i.e. large deep infarcts were seen with a much higher frequency than small deep infarcts. The detection rate of the CT-scan was practically not dependent upon the time of investigation: 63% on day 3, 70% on day 18, 69% on day 207. The detection rate of the Tc99-scan and CT-scan was nearly identical for large superficially localised lesions 2-3 weeks after the stroke. In this period, however, CT-scan identified 30 deep infarcts. Only 12 of these were identified by Tc99-scan.

Topics: Brain; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium; Time Factors; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Using radioindicative methods, cerebral hemodynamics was studied in 62 children aged 3 to 15 years in the acute period of head injury. The diagnostic findings of focal intracranial lesions are presented. On the basis of the clinical-neurologic findings, the patients were divided into three groups depending on the degree of the severity of traumatic lesion to the brain. Patients with mild and moderately grave craniocerebral injury were shown to have a symmetric decrease in the blood flow intensity while severe traumas were associated with disorders of vascular passage of the preparation in one cerebral hemisphere in the presence of general reduction in the cerebral blood flow.

Topics: Adolescent; Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Child, Preschool; Hemodynamics; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Skull Fractures; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium

The relation between perfusion defects shown by radionuclide angiography and static brain scan positivity was evaluated in patients with ischaemic completed stroke at various intervals from the onset of symptoms. An inverse relation between radionuclide angiography and static scan positivity was found for the period within 15 days of the onset of symptoms. The possible relation between changes in perfusion and static brain scan positivity is discussed.

Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium

Topics: Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diphosphonates; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium; Technetium Compounds

Topics: Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium

Topics: Brain; Brain Abscess; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Glioblastoma; Humans; Meningioma; Organotechnetium Compounds; Pentetic Acid; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Sugar Acids; Technetium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Carotid Artery Diseases; Carotid Artery Thrombosis; Carotid Artery, Internal; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Technetium