sodium-pertechnetate-tc-99m and Cardiovascular-Diseases

Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Isometric Contraction; Mitral Valve Prolapse; Myocardial Contraction; Physical Exertion; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Stroke Volume; Technetium; Thallium

Particulate air pollution is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Fine particles with a diameter <2.5 microm (PM2.5) have an important role in triggering biological responses. These particles, and particularly the ultrafine fraction (<100 nm) penetrate deeply into the respiratory tract. Recently, we have demonstrated that ultrafine particles are able to translocate from the lung into the systemic circulation in hamsters and humans. In urban areas, diesel engines are considered to be the major source of PM2.5. We therefore evaluated the acute effect (1 h) of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) in a hamster model of peripheral vascular thrombosis induced by free-radical mediated endothelial injury, using intravenous Rose Bengal and local illumination. Intratracheal doses of 5-500 microg of DEP per animal induced inflammation with elevation of neutrophils, total proteins and histamine in bronchoalveolar lavage. DEP enhanced experimental arterial and venous platelet rich-thrombus formation in vivo. Blood samples taken from hamsters 30 and 60 min after instillation of DEP caused platelet activation, when analyzed in the Platelet Function Analyser (PFA-100). The direct addition of DEP to untreated hamster blood also caused platelet aggregation. These effects persisted up to 24 h after instillation. Our results provide plausible mechanistic explanations for the epidemiologically established link between air pollution and acute cardiovascular effects.

Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Animals; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cricetinae; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Particle Size; Platelet Function Tests; Pneumonia; Polystyrenes; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Thrombosis; Vehicle Emissions

The authors examined 98 patients with different cardiovascular diseases and 20 practically healthy subjects and established that complex use of pirphotech with 99mTc-pertechnetate gives an objective information on circulatory disorders in the myocardium. Radionuclide ventriculography in the static variant should be carried out early for obtaining adequate information on the state of cardiodynamics.

Topics: Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Gamma Cameras; Gated Blood-Pool Imaging; Heart; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Middle Aged; Organic Chemicals; Radionuclide Generators; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m

Gated blood pool radionuclide ventriculography provides a means for obtaining repeated studies of both cardiac ventricles with a single dose of radionuclide. Quantitative assessment of right ventricular (RV) function using this technique has been complicated by several technical problems. We describe a new method of RV blood pool analysis which attempts to solve these problems using well-established concepts for left ventricular (LV) blood pool analysis: (1) variable regions of interest; (2) computer edge detection with operator intervention; and (3) computer selected background. Results showed a strong linear correlation between gated first pass RV ejection fraction (RVEF) and the gated blood pool RVEF (n = 22; r = 0.93; blood pool RVEF = 0.03 + 0.89 X first pass RVEF; Sy.x = 0.04). There was also a strong linear correlation between LV and RV stroke counts in patients without valvular regurgitation, intracardiac shunts, or ventricular aneurysms (n = 19; r =0.86; RV counts = 72 + 0.94 X LV counts; Sy.x = 116). In terms of both of these validation standards this method proved superior to three published methods of RV blood pool analysis that used hand-drawn regions, and is suitable for analysis of rest, exercise, and intervention studies of RV function.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cardiac Output; Cardiovascular Diseases; Computers; Heart; Heart Function Tests; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Middle Aged; Radionuclide Imaging; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Stroke Volume; Technetium