sodium-nitrite and Thrombosis

Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of diabetes, arthritis, cancer, eryptosis, cardiovascular disease, and thrombosis. Currently, antioxidants from natural sources are in high demand due to their beneficial role in the management of said diseases.. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the protective effect of sorghum protein buffer extract (SBE) on sodium nitrite-induced oxidative stress and thrombosis.. Protein characterization of SBE was done using SDS-PAGE. Oxidative stress in RBC was induced using sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and the key stress markers such as lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), and the level of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) were measured. The anticoagulant effect of SBE was identified by employing in-vitro plasma recalcification time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and in-vivo mouse tail bleeding time. SBE antiplatelet activity was examined using agonist adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. Non-toxic property of SBE was identified using in-vitro direct haemolytic, haemorrhagic, and edema forming activities using experimental mice.. SBE revealed similar protein banding pattern under both reduced and non-reduced conditions on SDS-PAGE. Interestingly, SBE normalized the level of LPO, PCC, SOD, and CAT in stress-inducedRBCs. Furthermore, SBE showed anticoagulant effect in platelet rich plasma by enhancing the clotting time from the control 250 s to 610 s and bleeding time from the control 200 s to more than 500 s (p<0.01) in a dose dependent manner. In addition, SBE prolonged the clot formation process of only APTT but not PT. SBE inhibited the agonists ADP and epinephrine induced platelet aggregation. SBE did not hydrolyze RBC cells, devoid of edema and haemorrhage properties.. This study demonstrates for the first time the anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and antioxidant properties of SBE. Thus, the observed results validate consumption of sorghum as good for health and well-being.

Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Anticoagulants; Antioxidants; Blood Coagulation; Epinephrine; Hemorrhage; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Protein Carbonylation; Sodium Nitrite; Sorghum; Superoxide Dismutase; Thrombosis

Biocompatibility of artificial lungs can be improved by endothelialization of hollow fibers. Bioavailability of growth-inducing and anti-thrombotic agents on the hollow fiber-blood interface inhibits thrombosis. We investigated if nanoliposomal growth-inducing growth hormone (nGH) and anti-thrombotic sodium nitrite (nNitrite) incorporation into collagen-coating on silicone hollow fibers improves blood biocompatibility by increasing endothelial cell growth and nitrite bioavailability under flow. Nitrite production rate was assessed under varying flow conditions. Finite element (FE) modeling was used to simulate nitrite transport within the parallel-plate flow chamber, and nitrite bioavailability on the fiber-blood interface at 1-30 dyn/cm(2) shear stress. Endothelial cell number on fibers coated with nNitrite-nGH-collagen conjugate was 1.5-fold higher than on collagen-coated fibers. For collagen-coated fibers, nitrite production reached a maximum at 18 dyn/cm(2) shear stress. When fibers were coated with nNitrite-nGH-collagen conjugate, nitrite production increased continuously by increasing shear stress. FE modeling revealed that nitrite concentrations at the fiber-blood interface were affected by shear stress-induced nitrite production, and diffusion/convection-induced nitrite removal. Highest nitrite concentrations and lowest thrombus deposition were observed on fibers coated with nNitrite-nGH-collagen conjugate exposed to 6-12 dyn/cm(2) shear stress. In conclusion, our results suggest that nNitrite-nGH-Col conjugate coatings promote endothelialization of silicone hollow fibers in biohybrid artificial lungs.

Topics: Bioartificial Organs; Biomimetic Materials; Blood Flow Velocity; Delayed-Action Preparations; Human Growth Hormone; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Liposomes; Lung; Models, Cardiovascular; Nanostructures; Silicon; Sodium Nitrite; Thrombosis

The diuretic drug hydrochlorothiazide was administered to 24 male and 24 female F344 rats as a mixture of 0.1% in powdered food. A parallel group of the same size was given 0.1% hydrochlorothiazide plus 0.2% sodium nitrite in the food. A third group received 0.2% sodium nitrite in the food and there was a similar group of untreated controls. The treatments were well tolerated and there was no significant life shortening. A majority of the rats given hydrochlorothiazide, with or without nitrite, developed chronic progressive nephropathy, which was more severe in males than in females. Associated with this were diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia in both groups receiving the drug, also more severe in males than in females, and parallel increases in lesions of the blood vessels (mural thrombosis of the heart and polyarteritis). The few adenomas of the parathyroid and tubular cell adenomas of the kidney in rats ingesting hydrochlorothiazide were not statistically significant.

Topics: Animals; Arteritis; Carcinogens; Female; Heart Diseases; Hydrochlorothiazide; Kidney Diseases; Male; Nitrites; Parathyroid Diseases; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Sodium Nitrite; Thrombosis

Quinacrine hydrochloride is toxic for the heart of F-344 rats. Rats treated with 500 ppm quinacrine hydrochloride in the diet all developed a high incidence of left atrial thrombosis. The lesion was associated with cardiac hypertrophy and dilatation and focal myocardial degeneration. Rats died from cardiac hypertrophy with severe acute and chronic congestion of the lungs, liver, and other organs. Seventy percent of rats given 250 ppm quinacrine hydrochloride and 1,000 ppm sodium nitrite simultaneously in the diet had thrombosis of the atria of the heart, while untreated control rats in this laboratory did not have atrial thrombosis. Sodium nitrite in combination with quinacrine hydrochloride appeared to have no additional effect.

Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Diseases; Lung Diseases; Male; Quinacrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Sex Factors; Sodium Nitrite; Thrombosis; Time Factors