sodium-morrhuate and Varicose-Veins

Despite the popularity of sclerotherapy for treating varicose veins, it still exhibits various problems, such as pulmonary embolism, deep-vein thrombosis, phlebitis, and visual disorders.. To investigate syringe volume influence on foam stability, obtain the foam decay rule, and provide a reference for clinics.. Five types of syringes are used to prepare foam at room temperature with various liquid-gas ratios. Foam decay process experiments were performed 5 times and recorded by video. The stability indices used include drainage time, half-life, bubble diameter, bubble surface density, and drainage rate.. The 30 and 2-mL syringes, respectively, recorded the highest and lowest drainage speeds. Foam drainage time and half-life, differences varied between 15 and 70 seconds, and 20 and 100 seconds, respectively. Foam bubble diameters were distributed over 0.1 to 2.0 mm with roughly 200 to 700 bubbles per square centimeter.. Increased syringe volume causes the bubble diameter to increase. Thus, foam dispersion increases and foam half-life decreases; hence, foam becomes unstable. It is, thus, better to use a small syringe several times to prepare foam in clinics using segmented injections.

Topics: Drug Stability; Half-Life; Humans; Injections; Models, Chemical; Phase Transition; Saphenous Vein; Sclerosing Solutions; Sclerotherapy; Sodium Morrhuate; Syringes; Temperature; Treatment Outcome; Varicose Veins

Foam sclerotherapy is a widely used treatment for varicose veins. However, complications caused by poor foam stability still remain. Most studies ignore multiple influencing factors and only study a single factor. Furthermore, a stable foam preparation using different preparation conditions has not been developed. This study aimed to explore the changing laws of foam stability under multifactorial conditions, and to determine the influence of various factors and optimal preparation conditions on the half-life of foam. A two-level orthogonal test was conducted using four factors (syringe size, surfactant, preparation temperature, and pump speed). Classifications were established as follows: syringe sizes, 2.5 mL and 5 mL; surfactant concentrations, 6% and 0%; preparation temperatures, 20 °C and 10 °C; and pump speeds, 250 mm/s and 125 mm/s, respectively. Eight experimental group (EG) multi-factor combinations were tested. Half-life and drainage time were recorded for analysis. The initial drainage time was within 200 s, but the difference between the groups was also about 200 s. The drainage rate curves of all EGs gradually increased over time. Conversely, the foam half-life extended by about 10 times for the four factors. In addition, the analyses revealed that the order of influence was surfactant >temperature >pump speed >syringe size. The most stable foam preparation was determined. Syringe size, surfactant, temperature, and pump speed had markedly observable influences on foam half-life. A combination of multiple factors can be used to prepare a more stable foam in clinical scenarios and to suitably superimpose favorable conditions to avoid unfavorable conditions.

Topics: Carbon Dioxide; Drug Stability; Half-Life; Humans; Models, Chemical; Poloxamer; Postoperative Complications; Sclerosing Solutions; Sclerotherapy; Sodium Morrhuate; Surface-Active Agents; Syringes; Temperature; Varicose Veins; Video Recording

Varicose veins are a very common condition that presents in a variety of forms. Treatment modalities are variant and beneficial. The author reports on an experience of 25 years treating 20,000 patients using surgery and sclerotherapy with particular results using morrhuate sodium.

Topics: Humans; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Sclerotherapy; Sodium Morrhuate; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate; Varicose Veins

Topics: Death, Sudden; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Sclerosing Solutions; Sodium Morrhuate; Varicose Veins

Topics: Humans; Leg; Sclerosing Solutions; Sodium Morrhuate; Thrombophlebitis; Varicose Veins; Vascular Surgical Procedures; Venous Thrombosis

Topics: Death; Humans; Injections; Sclerosing Solutions; Sodium Morrhuate; Varicose Veins

Topics: Humans; Sodium; Sodium Morrhuate; Sulfadiazine; Sulfanilamide; Sulfanilamides; Sulfonamides; Varicose Veins